EP0914306A1 - Melange pyrotechnique servant d'agent propulseur ou de charge gazeuse avec des vapeurs a teneur reduite en monoxyde de carbone - Google Patents

Melange pyrotechnique servant d'agent propulseur ou de charge gazeuse avec des vapeurs a teneur reduite en monoxyde de carbone

Info

Publication number
EP0914306A1
EP0914306A1 EP97934480A EP97934480A EP0914306A1 EP 0914306 A1 EP0914306 A1 EP 0914306A1 EP 97934480 A EP97934480 A EP 97934480A EP 97934480 A EP97934480 A EP 97934480A EP 0914306 A1 EP0914306 A1 EP 0914306A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blowing agent
nitrate
agent according
weight
propellant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97934480A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ulrich Bley
Klaus Redecker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delphi Technologies Inc
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff und Systemtechnik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG, Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff und Systemtechnik filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Publication of EP0914306A1 publication Critical patent/EP0914306A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids

Definitions

  • Pyrotechnic mixture as a blowing agent or as a gas charge with carbon monoxide-reduced steam
  • the invention relates to a pyrotechnic mixture as a blowing agent or as a gas charge with carbon monoxide-reduced fumes
  • NC propellants based on nitrocellulose are used in a wide variety of applications, for example in civil and military ammunition or as gas-generating components in commercial cartridges, such as in bolt-setting tools.
  • NC propellants are characterized by their high degree of spreading and their favorable price and great experience in handling and use as well as a high degree of variability in the combustion properties, which can be controlled via the composition, the geometric shape and surface treatment, from NC propellants provide a high proportion of gas due to their almost slag-free combustion.
  • These gas vapors contain as main component (40-60 vol -%) the toxic carbon monoxide (CO) For this reason, good ventilation or limited use must be ensured when using NC blowing agents, especially in closed rooms
  • Propellants or pyrotechnic mixtures with a reduced CO content are widely described in the literature, for example as gas-generating mixtures which are used, for example, in airbags. These mixtures are used it is a combination of nitrogen-rich compounds such as, for example, sodium azide or 5-aminotetrazole and suitable oxidizing agents such as sodium nitrate or calcium perchlorate. These mixtures burn to form a large proportion of slag. As a result, and owing to their combustion properties, they are not suitable for use in ammunition, for example
  • CONFIRMATION COPY can be found which, in addition to the suitable burning properties, also have a low carbon content. Blowing agents that contain nitroaminoguanidine (NAGu) are suitable and meet this requirement. Nitroaminoguanidine is a nitrogen-rich molecule with explosive properties.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to provide blowing agents which do not have the disadvantages of the blowing agents known in the prior art.
  • the blowing agents according to the invention are distinguished by the fact that they have a significantly reduced CO concentration in the gas clouds compared to NC blowing agents.
  • the blowing agents according to the invention are furthermore distinguished by an almost slag-free combustion.
  • the proportion of CO in the gas vapor is reduced by more than 50% compared to NC blowing agents.
  • the main components of the propellants according to the invention are nitrogen (approx. 40-50 vol.%) And water (approx. 20-30 vol.%).
  • the burning properties and safety-related characteristics of the mixtures according to the invention are comparable to those of typical NC propellants. Blowing agent comparable
  • the blowing agents according to the invention contain, as the main component, nitroaminoguanidine in a proportion by weight of 40-80% by weight.
  • Suitable additives are explosives such as nitroguanide, derivatives of tetrazole such as 5-aminotetrazole, 5-aminotetrazole nitrate, bistrazolamine, bitetrazole and their salts of the elements of I, II and III main group and I, II and VIII subgroup of the periodic table, as well as salts of titanium and manganese, salts of nitraminotetrazolate such as ammonium nitraminotetrazolate and aminoguanidinium nitrammotetrazolate, aminoguanidium nitrate, diaminoguamdinnitrate, triaminogyanidinitrididine, guanidium nitrate, guanidium nitrate, guanidium nitrate, guanidium nitrate, guanidium nitrate, guanidium
  • Nitroguanide, taminoguanidine nitrate, aminotetrazole, hexogen and nitrocellulose and also mixtures of the components with one another are preferably used.
  • the proportions by weight of the explosive additive can be 0 to 40% by weight
  • binders such as polyvinyl butyral, polynitropolyphenylene, t ⁇ acetin, gelatin and glue.
  • Polyvinyl butyral is preferably used in proportions by weight of 0 to 10% by weight
  • Nitrates of the alkali and alkaline earth elements, perchlorates of the alkali and alkaline earth elements, ammonium nitrate, ammonium perchlorate or mixtures of these components can be used as the oxidizing agent.
  • Ammonium nitrate and ammonium perchlorate are preferably used in proportions by weight of 0 to 30% by weight Ferrocene and derivatives, acetylacetonate and derivatives, Aerosil, graphite, talc or mixtures of these components can be used as combustion moderators and processing aids.
  • the proportions by weight can be 0 to 10% by weight.
  • the production and processing takes place according to known and customary methods. For example, kneading, extrusion, extrusion, granulation or tableting
  • the pyrotechnic mixtures according to the invention are suitable for use in civil and military ammunition, as a gas-generating component in commercial cartridges such as, for example, in bolt-setting devices and as a propellant for gas generation in automotive safety systems such as belt tensioners or airbags
  • NC blowing agents can typically be characterized by their safety-related characteristics and the burning rate. This is typical data of NC blowing agents
  • Friction sensitivity 160 - 240 N Friction sensitivity 160 - 240 N
  • the burning rates are pressure-dependent and are typically around 10-20 mm / s at 100 bar and around 50-70 mm / s at 500 bar
  • the components of the pyrotechnic mixture according to the invention are well contracted with one another (gas elimination on selected mixtures at 90 ° C. and 40 hours ⁇ 3 ml).
  • Thermogravimetric tests show decomposition from 180 ° C. and with isothermal storage (90 ° C.) weight changes ⁇ 0.5% by weight at 48 hours, storage time.
  • Table 1 shows the composition of 5 different pyrotechnic mixtures according to the invention.
  • the specified components for the mixtures according to the invention are weighed out in the stated weight ratios in plastic containers and homogenized in a tumble mixer for 30 minutes
  • Table 2 shows the friction, impact sensitivities, deflagration points and heat of explosion.
  • the measurement of the friction and impact sensitivities was carried out according to methods of the Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing (BAM).
  • the deflagration points were determined using thermogravimetry analysis (Mettler) and the The heat of explosion was measured using a calorimeter from EKA
  • the burning rate was determined by tableting the mixtures into tablets with a height of approximately 2.5 mm and a diameter 7 mm 2 g of the tabletted samples were reacted using 0.2 g boron / potassium nitrate (25 75 wt. parts) as an ignition mixture and an electrically heatable iron wire in a 25 ml stainless steel pressure bomb.
  • the pressure development was recorded as a function of time Pressure-time curve and the shape function, the burn-up speeds (r) can be calculated depending on the pressure. For better clarity, the burn-up speeds at 100 and 500 bar are shown in Table 3
  • Characteristic values such as flame temperature and specific energy can be read from thermodynamic calculations.
  • typical values for the flame temperature are 2800-3600 K and specific energies of 1100-1200 J / g. Table 4 shows these values for the example mixtures. The flame temperatures are significantly reduced, while the specific energies are comparable to those of NC propellants

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des agents propulseurs présentant une concentration sensiblement réduite en CO dans les vapeurs de gaz, par rapport aux agents propulseurs à base de nitrocellulose. Ces agents propulseurs contiennent des nitroaminoguanidines comme constituant principal, des matières explosives comme additifs et des oxydants.
EP97934480A 1996-07-20 1997-07-17 Melange pyrotechnique servant d'agent propulseur ou de charge gazeuse avec des vapeurs a teneur reduite en monoxyde de carbone Withdrawn EP0914306A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19629226 1996-07-20
DE19629226 1996-07-20
PCT/EP1997/003835 WO1998003449A1 (fr) 1996-07-20 1997-07-17 Melange pyrotechnique servant d'agent propulseur ou de charge gazeuse avec des vapeurs a teneur reduite en monoxyde de carbone

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0914306A1 true EP0914306A1 (fr) 1999-05-12

Family

ID=7800319

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97934480A Withdrawn EP0914306A1 (fr) 1996-07-20 1997-07-17 Melange pyrotechnique servant d'agent propulseur ou de charge gazeuse avec des vapeurs a teneur reduite en monoxyde de carbone

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6024812A (fr)
EP (1) EP0914306A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2264910A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19730872A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998003449A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19840993B4 (de) * 1998-09-08 2006-03-09 Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Verwendung eines gaserzeugenden Gemisches als Anzündmischung in einem Gasgenerator
DE29821541U1 (de) 1998-12-02 1999-02-18 TRW Airbag Systems GmbH & Co. KG, 84544 Aschau Azidfreie, gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung
DE29821544U1 (de) 1998-12-02 1999-02-18 TRW Airbag Systems GmbH & Co. KG, 84544 Aschau Azidfreie, gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung
EP1181262A4 (fr) * 1999-03-01 2005-03-16 Automotive Systems Lab Composition generatrice de gaz
US6228192B1 (en) * 1999-04-20 2001-05-08 Altantic Research Corporation Double base propellant containing 5-aminotetrazole
US20030066584A1 (en) * 2000-03-01 2003-04-10 Burns Sean P. Gas generant composition
US6550808B1 (en) 2000-11-17 2003-04-22 Autoliv Asp. Inc. Guanylurea nitrate in gas generation
US6602365B1 (en) 2000-11-17 2003-08-05 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Gas generation via metal complexes of guanylurea nitrate
CA2365807C (fr) * 2000-12-27 2005-08-09 Nof Corporation Composes generant des gaz
US6984275B1 (en) * 2003-02-12 2006-01-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Reduced erosion additive for a propelling charge
EP1990088B1 (fr) * 2006-01-18 2019-09-25 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha Petit dispositif generateur de gaz pour actionneur a gaz et systeme pretensionneur
CA2652642C (fr) * 2006-02-09 2015-12-08 General Dynamics Ordnance And Tactical Systems - Canada Valleyfield Inc. Substituts de poudre noire pour armes a feu de petit calibre
US7948441B2 (en) * 2007-04-12 2011-05-24 Raytheon Company Low profile antenna
US7688265B2 (en) * 2007-09-18 2010-03-30 Raytheon Company Dual polarized low profile antenna

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE884170C (de) * 1946-11-08 1953-07-23 Ici Ltd Gaserzeugende Ladung
US3677841A (en) * 1969-04-17 1972-07-18 Us Navy Gas generator composition containing a nitrogen-rich compound and a catalyst
US4373976A (en) * 1977-03-09 1983-02-15 Rockwell International Corporation Gun propellant containing nitroaminoguanidine
US5125684A (en) * 1991-10-15 1992-06-30 Hercules Incorporated Extrudable gas generating propellants, method and apparatus
US5482579A (en) * 1993-04-15 1996-01-09 Nof Corporation Gas generator compositions
US5386775A (en) * 1993-06-22 1995-02-07 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Azide-free gas generant compositions and processes
CA2168033C (fr) * 1993-08-04 2001-12-11 Donald R. Poole Composition generatrice de gaz exempt d'azides, ne laissant que de faibles residus
EP0722429B1 (fr) * 1993-10-06 1999-03-31 Nigu Chemie Gmbh Combustible generateur de gaz
US5756929A (en) * 1996-02-14 1998-05-26 Automotive Systems Laboratory Inc. Nonazide gas generating compositions

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9803449A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6024812A (en) 2000-02-15
WO1998003449A1 (fr) 1998-01-29
DE19730872A1 (de) 1998-01-22
CA2264910A1 (fr) 1998-01-29

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