EP0922376B1 - Ballast electronique pour lampes a decharge - Google Patents

Ballast electronique pour lampes a decharge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0922376B1
EP0922376B1 EP97942836A EP97942836A EP0922376B1 EP 0922376 B1 EP0922376 B1 EP 0922376B1 EP 97942836 A EP97942836 A EP 97942836A EP 97942836 A EP97942836 A EP 97942836A EP 0922376 B1 EP0922376 B1 EP 0922376B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas discharge
capacitor
electronic ballast
resonance
winding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97942836A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0922376A1 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Primisser
Felix Tobler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tridonic Bauelemente GmbH
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Tridonic Bauelemente GmbH
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Publication of EP0922376A1 publication Critical patent/EP0922376A1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electronic ballast for Gas discharge lamps.
  • the invention relates to an electronic one Ballast for gas discharge lamps according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the Electronic ballast includes one to a supply voltage source connectable rectifier 1, for example a full bridge or Reusable rectifier.
  • a supply voltage source connectable rectifier 1 At one output of the rectifier 1 is one Circuit arrangement of at least one first capacitor 2 and at least one second capacity 3 connected.
  • This capacitor circuit arrangement is with a Series connection of two controllable switches 4 and 5 and a smoothing electrolytic capacitor connected.
  • the two Switches 4 and 5 At the point of connection between the two Switches 4 and 5 are the actual load circuit with the gas discharge lamp to be controlled 8 and a resonance circuit with a resonance inductance 6 and one of the Gas discharge lamp connected in parallel resonant capacitor 7.
  • a choke coil 11 can advantageously between the rectifier 1 and the first capacitor 2 be present.
  • a diode 12 between the first capacitor 2 and the first switch 4 necessary.
  • the function of this circuit is briefly explained below. Is the output voltage of the rectifier is less than the voltage at the series connection of the capacitors 2 and 3, energy from the capacitors 2, 3 to the smoothing capacitor 13 issued. Otherwise, the capacitors 2, 3 via the rectifier 1 generate energy taken from the supply network.
  • the two controllable switches 4 and 5 are known to be alternately on and off, so that depending on the adjustable Switching frequency of the two switches 4 and 5 that output by the rectifier 1 DC voltage converted into a high-frequency AC voltage and the Gas discharge lamp 8 is supplied. Corresponds to the frequency of the supplied AC voltage of the resonance frequency of the resonance inductance 6 and the Resonance capacitor 7 existing series resonance circuit, the Voltage surge at the resonance capacitor 7 to ignite the Gas discharge lamp exploited. On the other hand, by changing the frequency of the AC voltage set the operating point for the gas discharge lamp, and so this be dimmed.
  • Control capacitor functioning second capacitor 3 fulfills two functions. On the one hand determines its capacitance in addition to the inductance 6 and the capacitances of the capacitors 2 and 7 the resonance frequency of the series resonance circuit. On the other hand, it works Capacitor 3 together with the rectifier 1, the return capacitor 2 and the optionally provided throttle 11 as a harmonic filter that the Harmonic radiation in the supply network should be kept as low as possible. Thereby however, there are different or opposing requirements for the Dimensioning of the control capacitor 3, so that when dimensioning it either Reductions in terms of co-determination of the resonance frequency or in terms of Harmonic filter effect must be made. This is especially true during the Preheating and lighting the gas discharge lamp.
  • Fig. 6 shows that at the connection point between the two Capacitors 2 and 3 a current I is fed in from starting the lamp up to whose operation can take very different values, which makes the operating point of the entire circuit arrangement is shifted.
  • the lamp 8 can only on one only from the dimensioning of capacitors 2 and 3 and Series resonant circuit 6 and 7 and the smoothing capacitor 13 dependent operating point work optimally, i.e. the lamp only burns at this single operating point satisfactory and the harmonic content reflected back into the supply network kept within certain limits.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of an electronic Specify ballast in which the disadvantages described above are avoided.
  • the object of the present invention is an electronic one Ballast to be specified in which, when dimensioning the second capacitor 3 no cutbacks need to be made and where at the connection point current I fed between capacitors 2 and 3 during ignition or preheating the gas discharge lamp 8 is kept as low as possible.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6 already provided with the same reference numerals, so that a repeated description of these components can be dispensed with.
  • Fig. 1 it can be seen that, in contrast to the known circuit Resonance capacitor 7 is no longer parallel to the gas discharge lamp 8, but in Series with one of two coupled windings 9, 10 of a transformer is connected. In 1, these two windings 9 and 10 are coupled in opposite directions. However, it will pointed out that the coupling sense is irrelevant for the effect to be sought here is.
  • the left heating filament of the gas discharge lamp lies over the capacitor 3 AC to ground. The filament resistance of the left heating filament is determined by the transformer connected in parallel to the right winding 10 of the transformer, so that the Resonance capacitor 7 via the transformed spiral resistance of the left Heating coil rests on the right heating coil of the gas discharge lamp 8.
  • FIG. 2a shows a variant of the first invention shown in FIG. 1 Embodiment for two gas discharge lamps 8 and 16, the corresponding essential components are duplicated.
  • the second Gas discharge lamp 16 is another transformer with coupled windings 17 and 18 and a further load circuit with the second lamp 16 and another Resonance inductance and a further resonance capacitance 15 are provided.
  • the optional choke coil 11 was dispensed with.
  • the Resonance capacitors 7 and 15 and the second switch 5 a measuring resistor 19th intended. With the help of this resistor 19, both the arc current and the Preheating current can be measured.
  • the arc current determines the brightness of the lamp, so that a measurement of this current for the monitoring and control of the Lamp brightness is of great importance.
  • the resonance inductors 6 and 14 and the Resonance capacitors 7 and 15 at the same potential since they are connected to each other are.
  • the arc current flows through the Measuring resistor 19 during the time when the switch 5 is closed and can thus at this time measured via the voltage drop across the measuring resistor 19 become.
  • the preheating current flows when the lamp is open State of the switch 5 via the resonance capacitors 7, 15 which Resonance inductors 6, 14 and the closed switch 4.
  • the preheating current is of particular interest in the preheating phase, so that with the invention Switching on one and the same both in the preheating phase and in the operating phase Component, namely the measuring resistor 19, the parameter of interest can be measured if the measurement time is selected correctly.
  • the measurability of the parameters of interest in each case via the resistor 19 can are generally transferred to all circuit variants in which the Resonance capacitor is freely accessible, i.e. in an analogous manner, for example the circuit shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 26 or FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 2b shows a further variant of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 for two Gas discharge lamps, being for the second gas discharge lamp 16 on its own Transformer was omitted and instead this lamp on the one hand with the second Winding 10 of the transformer of the first lamp 8 connected and on the other hand with a own winding 17 is provided with the windings 9 and 10 of the transformer first gas discharge mask 8 is coupled.
  • the Type of coupling for the effect according to the invention is irrelevant.
  • a symmetrizing element connected upstream of both gas discharge lamps which advantageously from a balun with coils 20 coupled in opposite directions and 21.
  • the balun serves to adjust the lamp currents two gas discharge lamps 8 and 16, so that both lamps evenly during operation burn.
  • the two windings 20 and 21 of the Balancing transformer from the lamp currents of the two gas discharge lamps flowed through in the opposite direction, so that the balun from the lamp currents is magnetized in opposite directions.
  • the second gas discharge lamp shown in Fig. 2a, b 16 is operated as the first gas discharge lamp 8, so that with reference to FIG. 1 described advantageous effects of the invention also on the second Gas discharge lamp 16 apply.
  • Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention, wherein a transformer with three coupled windings 9, 10 and 22 is used.
  • This embodiment is Particularly advantageous for radio interference suppression, since the gas discharge lamp 8 is above its left connection and the middle transformer winding 22 is set to ground.
  • this embodiment for the measurability of voltages or currents on the individual circuit points advantageous because these sizes in this embodiment can be measured directly, while in the circuits of FIGS. 1 and 6 only one Measurement of these quantities as difference values is possible.
  • three transformer windings are provided around the connection point one between the capacitors 2 and 3 in the case of preheating and in the event of ignition to supply little or no electricity at all.
  • preheating and ignition i.e. if the lamp does not yet flow, the magnetic flux rises into the Transmitter windings 22, 10, which by the through the resonance inductance 6 and caused by the middle and right transformer winding 22, 10 flowing current because they have the same number of turns.
  • the object of the invention is achieved that in the preheating and Ignition operation, the lowest possible current is supplied to the connection point. moreover it can be seen that the capacitor 3 does not match the resonance frequency of the Serial resonance circuit co-determined and thus only taking into account the Avoidance of harmonic reflections in the supply network can be.
  • the number of turns of the left transformer winding 9 can be independent of that of the two other windings 22 and 10 are designed, so that in particular on this winding 9 the current to be fed to the connection point between the capacitors 2 and 3 can be adjusted.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of the second embodiment for the operation of two Gas discharge lamps 8 and 16.
  • there are four Transformer windings 9, 18, 22 and 10 required the effect of Circuit according to the invention for each gas discharge lamp based on FIG. 3 described advantageous effect corresponds.
  • a is also in FIG Balancing transformer with oppositely coupled windings 20, 21 for balancing the lamp currents of the two lamps 8, 16 are provided.
  • Fig. 5 shows a third embodiment of the electronic according to the invention Ballast.
  • This exemplary embodiment is a further development of that in FIGS. 1 and 2 shown embodiment, but in addition to the two coupled
  • a third coupled transformer winding 22 is provided for transformer windings 9 and 10 is.
  • the measuring resistor 19 is again in series with the resonance capacitor 7 and the lower controllable switch 5, so that the resonance capacitor via the negligible in terms of size resistor 19 and the capacitor 3 the left connection of the gas discharge lamp 8 is connected and the Resonance capacitor 7 is, as it were, parallel to the gas discharge lamp 8.
  • the gas discharge lamp 8 Exaggerated resonance can be ignited at the resonance capacitor 7.
  • the above ground also abuts the lamp 8.
  • the transmitter takes this over the Resonant capacitor 7 falling voltage with its primary winding 22 and sets them into a corresponding heating voltage on the two coils.
  • each one of the two controllable switches 4 and 5, which are preferably MOS field effect transistors are bridged.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Ballast électronique pour des lampes à décharge dans un gaz, comprenant
    un redresseur (1) pouvant être raccordé à une source de tension d'alimentation,
    un montage à condensateurs relié au redresseur et constitué par au moins un premier condensateur (2) et au moins un second condensateur (3),
    un circuit série qui est relié au montage à condensateurs et qui est constitué par un premier interrupteur commandable (4) et un second interrupteur commandable (5), qui sont commutables au choix, et
    un circuit de charge, qui est raccordé au point de jonction des premier et second interrupteurs et comporte un circuit résonnant série formé par une inductance de résonance (6), un condensateur de résonance (7) ainsi qu'une lampe à décharge dans un gaz (8) raccordée à ce circuit,
    caractérisé par
    un transformateur comportant un premier enroulement (9), qui est relié au point de jonction entre les premier et second condensateurs (2, 3), et un second enroulement (10), qui est relié au condensateur de résonance (7).
  2. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le premier enroulement (9) du transformateur est en outre relié à un filament de la lampe à décharge dans un gaz (8), et le second enroulement (10) du transformateur est relié à l'autre enroulement de la lampe à décharge dans un gaz. (figure 1)
  3. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par
    un autre circuit de charge, qui est branché entre le premier point de jonction des premier et second condensateurs (2, 3) et le point de jonction des premier et
    second interrupteurs (4, 5) et comportant un autre circuit résonant série constitué par une inductance de résonance (14) et un autre condensateur de résonance (15) ainsi qu'une autre lampe à décharge dans un gaz (16) raccordé à ce circuit, et
    un autre transformateur comportant un premier enroulement (17), qui est relié au point de jonction entre les premier et second condensateurs (2, 3), et un second enroulement (18) qui est relié à l'autre condensateur de résonance (15). (figure 2a)
  4. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce
    qu'entre le point de jonction des premier et second condensateurs (2, 3) et le point de jonction des premier et second interrupteurs (4, 5) est branché un autre circuit de charge, qui comprend une autre lampe à décharge dans un gaz (16), qui est relié au circuit résonnant en série (6, 7), et
    que le transformateur comprend un troisième enroulement (17), qui est relié au point de jonction entre les premier et second condensateurs (2, 3), ainsi qu'un filament de l'autre lampe à décharge dans un gaz (16). (figure 2b)
  5. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce le transformateur comporte un troisième enroulement (22), qui est branché en parallèle avec la section de décharge de la lampe à décharge dans un gaz (8). (figure 5)
  6. Ballast électronique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce le circuit de condensateur de résonance (7) ou les condensateurs (7, 4) est(sont) relié (s) au second interrupteur (5) et à une résistance de mesure (19).
  7. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le courant d'arc et le courant de préchauffage peuvent être mesurés dans la résistance de mesure (19) en fonction de l'état de commutation des interrupteurs (4, 5).
  8. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le transformateur comporte un troisième enroulement (22),
    un filament de la lampe à décharge dans un gaz (8) étant relié à l'autre filament par l'intermédiaire du circuit série formé du second enroulement (10) et du condensateur de résonance (7), et
    le troisième enroulement (22) étant relié à un filament de la lampe à décharge dans un gaz (8). (figure 3).
  9. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les second et troisième enroulements (10, 22) possèdent le même nombre de spires.
  10. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce
    qu'à l'inductance de résonance (6) du circuit de charge est relié un autre circuit de charge comportant un autre condensateur de résonance (15) ainsi qu'une autre lampe à décharge (16) raccordée à ce condensateur, et
    que le transformateur comporte un quatrième enroulement (18), un enroulement de l'autre lampe à décharge (16) étant relié à l'autre enroulement de l'autre lampe à décharge dans un gaz (7) par l'intermédiaire d'un circuit série formé du quatrième enroulement (18) à l'autre condensateur de résonance (15), et dans lequel le troisième enroulement (22) est relié à un filament des secondes lampes à décharge dans un gaz (8, 16). (figure 4)
  11. Ballast électronique selon l'une des revendications 3, 4 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que pour deux lampes à décharge dans un gaz (8, 16) est associé un élément de symétrisation (20, 21), qui peut être aimanté en des sens opposés par les courants des deux lampes à décharge dans un gaz.
  12. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de symétrisation est un transformateur de symétrisation, dont les enroulements (20, 21) qui agissent en des sens opposés, sont reliés entre eux par une extrémité et sont reliés, par leur autre extrémité, à un filament de la lampe à décharge correspondante (8, 16).
  13. Ballast électronique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les premier et second interrupteurs commandables (4, 5) sont un transistor à effet de champ MOS.
  14. Ballast électronique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une bobine d'arrêt (11) est branchée entre le redresseur (1) et le premier condensateur (2).
  15. Ballast électronique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une diode (12) est branchée entre le premier condensateur (2) et le premier interrupteur (4).
  16. Ballast électronique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un condensateur de lissage (13) est branché en parallèle avec le circuit série formé par le premier interrupteur (4) avec le second interrupteur (5).
  17. Ballast électronique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une diode respective de retour (24, 25) est branchée en parallèle avec les premier et second interrupteurs (4, 5).
  18. Ballast électronique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un condensateur de séparation (23) est relié à l'inductance de résonance (6) ou aux inductances de résonance (6, 14).
EP97942836A 1996-08-28 1997-07-30 Ballast electronique pour lampes a decharge Expired - Lifetime EP0922376B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19634850A DE19634850A1 (de) 1996-08-28 1996-08-28 Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät für Gasentladungslampen
DE19634850 1996-08-28
PCT/EP1997/004150 WO1998009483A1 (fr) 1996-08-28 1997-07-30 Allast electronique pour lampes a decharge

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0922376A1 EP0922376A1 (fr) 1999-06-16
EP0922376B1 true EP0922376B1 (fr) 2002-03-20

Family

ID=7803969

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97942836A Expired - Lifetime EP0922376B1 (fr) 1996-08-28 1997-07-30 Ballast electronique pour lampes a decharge

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0922376B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE214863T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4453097A (fr)
DE (2) DE19634850A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998009483A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA977311B (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020153319A1 (en) 1997-08-12 2002-10-24 Debasish Mukhopadhyay Method and apparatus for high efficiency reverse osmosis operation
US6111369A (en) * 1998-12-18 2000-08-29 Clalight Israel Ltd. Electronic ballast
DE19916080C2 (de) * 1999-04-09 2001-11-22 Vossloh Schwabe Elektronik Vorschaltgerät mit Fehlererkennung
DE102005060345A1 (de) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben mindestens einer ersten und einer zweiten Lampe

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5051662A (en) * 1990-03-27 1991-09-24 Usi Lighting, Inc. Fluorescent lamp system
EP0602719B1 (fr) * 1992-12-16 1998-10-21 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Onduleur haute fréquence pour alimenter une lampe à décharge munie d'électrodes de préchauffage
GB2279187A (en) * 1993-06-19 1994-12-21 Thorn Lighting Ltd Fluorescent lamp starting and operating circuit
BE1009717A3 (nl) * 1995-10-20 1997-07-01 Philips Electronics Nv Schakelinrichting.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59706691D1 (de) 2002-04-25
ATE214863T1 (de) 2002-04-15
WO1998009483A1 (fr) 1998-03-05
ZA977311B (en) 1998-03-02
DE19634850A1 (de) 1998-03-05
AU4453097A (en) 1998-03-19
EP0922376A1 (fr) 1999-06-16

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