EP0922909A1 - Corps de chauffe, en particulier pour ustensiles de cuisine - Google Patents

Corps de chauffe, en particulier pour ustensiles de cuisine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0922909A1
EP0922909A1 EP98123542A EP98123542A EP0922909A1 EP 0922909 A1 EP0922909 A1 EP 0922909A1 EP 98123542 A EP98123542 A EP 98123542A EP 98123542 A EP98123542 A EP 98123542A EP 0922909 A1 EP0922909 A1 EP 0922909A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating conductor
depressions
raised sections
radiator according
sections
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98123542A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Joachim Dipl.-Ing Haazendonk (Ba)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
Original Assignee
EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH filed Critical EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
Publication of EP0922909A1 publication Critical patent/EP0922909A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
    • H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
    • H05B3/748—Resistive heating elements, i.e. heating elements exposed to the air, e.g. coil wire heater

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radiator, in particular for Kitchen appliances.
  • radiators or heaters can be used in particular for heating a hotplate can be used.
  • You are preferred designed and formed as a radiant heater usually a self-contained unit, which as such a corresponding device, for example in a hob an electric cooker can be attached.
  • Generic Radiators have a single or multi-part insulation pad and at least one on the top of the insulation pad attached electrical heating conductor.
  • the material of the insulation pad is expediently at least electrically insulating, but preferably also thermally insulating, so that heating energy only slightly to the rear of the insulating pad is derived.
  • the heat conductor can be in the form, for example one at least in sections straight and / or coiled Heat conductor wire are present.
  • a heating conductor can also be in the form of a flat ribbon and possibly in Be corrugated in the longitudinal direction.
  • the unit made of insulating pad and heating conductor expediently has a continuous, normally approximately flat surface area and can be used in essentially over the entire area provided with heating conductors Giving up surface thermal energy, in particular blasting.
  • the insulating pad of the generic type has radiators Top with profiling with raised sections and Indentations.
  • Known radiators of this type can be divided into two Classes can be divided. In one class they are Grooves are groove-shaped and serve to determine the position of a heating conductor to be inserted into the groove.
  • the one in the US patent 3 991 298 radiator shown has an insulating pad with a flat surface into which a spiral Groove is introduced.
  • a heating conductor in the form of a smooth Ribbon stands upright in the groove and projects with it most of its height out of the groove.
  • the one in the US patent 3,612,828 radiator also has one essentially flat insulating pad with a spiral, relatively wide groove in which a longitudinally corrugated Flat ribbon heating conductor is inserted.
  • the depth of the groove corresponds to the height of the heating conductor, so that it is flush with the tops of the raised portions between the grooves lies.
  • the heating conductors are replaced by separate ones Fasteners secured against lifting out of the groove.
  • the structure is similar to that in the European patent specification Radiator shown in EP 0 612 195, in the case of a circular arc Grooves a heating conductor in the form of an upright, in Longitudinally corrugated ribbon to take up the position of the heating conductor on the insulation pad.
  • In the grooves are transverse webs spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the groove provided from the material of the insulating pad into which the heating conductor intervenes.
  • the crossbars are used for fastening of the heating conductor on the insulation pad.
  • the raised sections are insulated in the form straight webs in front, which over a flat surface of the insulating pad protrude and those of support and Attachment of the heating conductors embedded in sections to serve.
  • the German patent DE shows as an example 27 29 930 a radiator with a round insulating pad and a helical spiral around the center Heating conductor. The webs of the insulating pad run radially, so that the heat conductor is essentially perpendicular to each Bridge runs over this.
  • the one in the German patent specification DE 28 20 114 shown rectangular radiator has in the longitudinal direction parallel, helical Heating conductor by the evenly spaced crossbars of the Insulation pad to be worn and in sections are embedded.
  • the invention has for its object a generic Develop radiators in such a way that it is particularly simple can be produced.
  • the invention proposes a radiator with the features of claim 1.
  • a radiator according to the invention is characterized in that that raised sections and depressions in the manner of a Network are distributed over the top of the insulating pad and that the heating conductor engages in the raised sections.
  • network there is an area distribution of running in different directions along the top, to understand essentially elongated structures that preferably meet at nodes. The Nodes are also in a given area distribution in front.
  • Net-like, for example crisscross the upper side running raised sections or raised Sections between mesh-like running on the top Grooves offer the heating conductor a variety of engagement points or breakpoints essentially regardless of how the heating conductor runs on the surface.
  • an insulating pad with a certain net-like, honeycomb or nubbed structuring of their Surface for carrying differently designed and / or trained heating conductors to use, since the profiling the surface is not necessarily the desired one Orientation of the routing of the heating conductor.
  • trained insulation pad can be used as a universal insulation pad be used. It makes it easier the production of radiators.
  • the area distribution of nodes and elongated Structures may be irregular, it is preferred evenly, so that in different directions in same configurations of the surface of the insulating pad Repeat raised sections and depressions regularly.
  • the network can be formed by furrows or grooves, between which raised sections remain. Through it can e.g. Surfaces with pimpled structure are created, the knobs, for example, frustoconical or dome-shaped can be trained.
  • the interstices of the network are formed by depressions, that the raised sections form the network.
  • the invention makes it possible to use the insulating pad through suitable net-like, honeycomb or nubbed structuring their top for selective positive locking and securing the engaging in the raised sections Heating conductor against lifting off the insulation pad to train.
  • the density of the attachment points is thereby through the "mesh size" of the network and the course of the Heating conductor determined relative to it. It is not necessary to the heating conductor itself fasteners for positive locking Intervention in the insulating pad form, such as it in the DE 25 51 137 or European patent application EP 0 590 315 shown heating conductors is the case.
  • the shown there flat ribbon-shaped heating conductors have one piece with the heating conductor trained, longitudinally spaced fastening feet, which are produced by a punching process can and to intervene in an insulation pad flat surface are provided.
  • Such fasteners on the heat conductor can be structured according to the invention Insulation pad can be avoided.
  • the invention enables it that the heating conductor unites along its length has a substantially constant cross section.
  • Such heating conductor are particularly easy to manufacture, have along their length has a uniform cross-section which is resistant to resistance and therefore heat up when an electrical one is put on Tension very evenly along its length.
  • a heating conductor can be round in cross section, for example, however, in a preferred embodiment it has the shape of a preferably corrugated flat ribbon, which are mutually parallel broadsides and preferably continuous, has parallel narrow sides.
  • the broadsides are preferably inclined, in particular essentially perpendicular to one through the lateral extension of the insulating pad defined, preferably flat surface.
  • Flat resistors, the resistive cross-sections at least sometimes not parallel to that through the insulation pad defined heating level, but in contrast inclined up are at right angles, among other things, are therefore advantageous because they are transverse to theirs even with high resistance Longitudinal direction and less space approximately parallel to the heating level claim and therefore arranged in a higher power density and can be better insulated against leakage currents.
  • Foil-like thin heating conductors are particularly preferred, the thickness of which can preferably be between 0.02 and 0.1 mm, in particular between 0.04 and 0.08 mm, in particular approximately 0.05 mm.
  • the width or, in the case of the vertically positioned flat strip, the height can be, for example, between 1 and 5 mm, for example approximately 3 mm.
  • Such thin, flat heating conductors advantageously heat up quickly, for example within less than 10 or 8 or 5 seconds, to their operating temperature, which can in particular be above 1200 K or 1300 K and below 1600 K.
  • the ratio of the mass of these low-mass heating conductors to their nominal output can be less than 7 x 10 -3 grams per watt [g / W], which significantly shortens the glow time compared to more massive heating conductors.
  • a heating conductor is also in the range of Recesses in particular slightly in the material of the Insulating pad intervenes.
  • a preferred embodiment is characterized in that the heating conductor exclusively engages in raised sections, so that the heating conductor in Area of the depressions not in the material of the insulating pad penetrates.
  • the raised sections can at least in some areas Have cross sections that, for example, face the radiation side taper triangularly or U-shaped.
  • the depressions essentially by approximately perpendicular to a preferably flat surface of the Insulating pad running side surfaces limited.
  • the raised sections are in the form of webs or ribs with approximately vertical side walls.
  • Recesses or raised sections with approximately vertical lateral boundary surfaces are particularly easy to manufacture, for example by pouring into corresponding molds or by that indentations by stamping or drilling into an insulating pad be introduced. It can be advantageous if a depression slightly widens towards the heating conductor.
  • the raised portions between such depressions can thus be approximately trapezoidal in cross section.
  • Indentations with side surfaces for example between 5 ° and 35 ° at an angle to the vertical of the insulation pad are not easy by embossing the Make the fully hardened material of the insulation pad.
  • a stamp can be expanded Recesses particularly easily from the embossed insulating pad shape.
  • the depressions can preferably be parallel to one another flat surface of the insulating pad lying cross section have an irregular shape.
  • one or all depressions have a central symmetrical cross section, for example a three, four or six-digit number Has rotational symmetry, for example in the manner of Honeycomb.
  • the depressions can be corner-free, so that if necessary existing corners can be rounded, for example.
  • the depressions each have circular cross sections, in particular essentially with identical cross-sectional area. It can also be complementary Structures with appropriately shaped raised sections be provided. These can then e.g. in the form of Knobs are present, which are in particular frustoconical or dome-shaped can be trained.
  • depressions or elevations can be irregular
  • a uniform, in particular three, four or sixfold symmetrical surface distribution of depressions or raised sections provided that preferably dimensioned in the same way and in are essentially identical to each other.
  • Such a honeycomb or cell-like structuring of the surface, over which there is a regular network of raised sections extends, or such a nub structure is simple manufacture and has over the entire area of the insulation pad about the same properties, especially with regard to mechanical strength and the radiation behavior for Heating energy.
  • the depressions can have a relatively large proportion of area take the entire insulation pad, for example between 40 and 90%, especially about 50% of the surface.
  • a lateral distance between the centers of gravity, especially the centers adjacent wells can for example between 1.1 and 2 times, preferably about 1.3 times as large as one largest diameter of a recess, so that between the Wells formed relatively narrow raised portions are. This makes it possible to cut much of the length of the Arrange heating conductor in the area of depressions, which the electrical efficiency of the heater is positively influenced.
  • the depth of the wells measured from one preferably about flat top of a raised section to one preferably flat bottom of a depression, can be roughly in the Order of magnitude of the height of the heating conductor.
  • a depth of the recesses is less than a depth of one the recesses of the insulating body of the insulating pad. This leaves insulation material underneath the depressions present that is thermally insulated on the one hand and on the other hand for the mechanical stabilization of the depressions expelling body of the insulating pad.
  • the mean depth of the wells can be between one eighth and three quarters of the thickness of the insulation pad amount, in particular about a quarter. It is also possible that the recesses through a through holes first part of the insulating pad are formed on a preferably flat top of a second part of the Insulation underlay, especially flat and without intermediate gaps lies on.
  • the insulating pad can be built up like a sandwich be, wherein the upper part is designed in the manner of a perforated plate is.
  • the different parts of the insulation pad can be of the same material or of different Materials.
  • the heating conductor be over the top of the raised portions protrudes, preferably by between 10 and 80%, especially around 50% of its height, can especially with heating conductors for higher nominal voltages become very narrow.
  • the heating conductor can cover its entire length Reach into the raised sections so far, that its top or top edge is essentially flush ends with the top of the raised sections or even below it. That is also in the area of the raised sections holding the heating conductor is sufficient Radiant power of the heating conductor achievable, whereby one that varies only slightly across the entire heating level, promoted about uniform heat emission from the heating unit becomes.
  • the round radiator 1 shown in detail in FIG. 1 has a stable, one-piece insulating pad in the form of a thermal insulation molded part, which consists of a either fiber-free or reinforced with physiologically harmless fibers, microporous thermal insulation mass is made.
  • the insulation pad 2 lies in a cup-shaped holding plate 3, the a cooking zone of a hob of a glass ceramic electric cooker forms.
  • the highly heat-insulating, temperature-resistant material the insulation pad has both good electrical insulation Properties, as well as good thermal insulation properties and preferably contains one by flame pyrolysis extracted silica.
  • multi-part insulation pads especially one below the structured insulation pad, possibly support body made of other material may be provided can.
  • a substantially parallel to the flat bottom 4 of the Insulating pad running top 5 of the insulating pad is in the installed state of the radiator, for example Facing the underside of a glass ceramic plate.
  • On the scope of the Insulation pad is axially a continuous Edge 6 made of insulating material, the top 5 of the Insulator parallel top 7 over the upper edge 8 of the vertical edge of the support shell 3 stands out, and which at installed radiator e.g. to the underside of a glass ceramic plate is pressed.
  • a separate molded part made of thermal insulation material is, but also in one piece with other embodiments the insulating pad can be formed on the one hand a spacer between the insulating pad and the glass ceramic plate and on the other hand a heat-insulating side boundary an approximately cup-shaped boiler room.
  • the Top 5 structured evenly network-like or honeycomb-like.
  • the insulating pad has a profile on its top with a network of raised sections 10 and in Cross-section circular, in the schematic figure approximately cylindrical recesses 11, which the interstices of the Form the network of raised portions 10.
  • the in practice usually slightly tapering towards the top 5 Wells, for example with bevels from approx. 5 ° to approx. 35 °, are in parallel to each other Rows 12 with regular intervals along the rows arranged and lie in an area distribution with sixfold rotational symmetry, which is characterized by that when rotating about a central axis of a depression by 60 ° the surface pattern of the depressions 11 and webs 10 merges into itself.
  • the depressions 11 are all in the have essentially the same dimensions in the shown Embodiment has a diameter of about 3 mm and a between the surface 5 and a bottom 13 of a recess measured depth 14 of also about 3 mm. In other versions the depressions can also be smaller, for example in diameter down to approx. 0.5 mm or also larger, for example up to a maximum diameter of about 1 cm.
  • the wells don't have to, either in the embodiment shown, be round in cross section, but can also be triangular, quadrangular, for example or be hexagonal like a honeycomb or one have irregular cross-sectional shape. Their depth can also be smaller or larger than their maximum diameter, however preferably chosen so that below the wells insulating material still remains. In the embodiment shown the depth 14 is approximately a quarter of the axial Insulation pad thickness 2.
  • the network has three adjacent depressions Junction points 17, at each of which three adjacent webs in Angles of 120 ° meet each other.
  • Each not on the edge the insulation pad is six Surround nodes of the network.
  • the narrow, even area distribution from nodes 17, like the distribution of the depressions, sixfold symmetry, the distances between neighboring ones Knots correspond approximately to the diameter of the depressions.
  • the Insulating pad 2 in the area of its top an elongated Heating conductor 20 attached so that it against movement parallel to the insulating pad 2 or to its longitudinal direction and against lifting movements across the insulation pad is positively and / or non-positively secured.
  • the as Electric heating resistor trained heating conductor 20 is at least partially free within the through the insulating pad and the edge of the bowl and can be nested single or multiple spiral turns or spirals or in concentric arcs created by sweeping are interconnected, arranged approximately parallel to the edge 6 be.
  • One or more heating conductors are preferably in the essentially evenly distributed over a heating area that over the entire circumference approximately to the inner circumference of the Edge 6 connects and almost to the raised center 21 of the Insulation pad is enough.
  • Each heating resistor 20 has a continuous length an essentially constant, rectangular one Cross section with parallel broad sides 22 and narrow sides running parallel to each other 23.
  • the broad sides 22 are essentially vertical aligned to the insulating pad so that a heating conductor 20th can also be called a standing ribbon.
  • the Ribbon is made of a FeCrAl alloy and is in its longitudinal direction evenly waved approximately sinusoidally.
  • Half the wavelength of the corrugation deviates from the periodicity of the depressions and in the example shown is approx. 10% smaller than the lateral distance 15 of the neighboring centers Indentations.
  • the measured between the broad sides 22 Thickness 24 of the meandering corrugated ribbon lies at approx. 0.05 mm, its average width 25 at approx. 3 mm.
  • a respective band end of the heating conductor 20 can immediately and without additional intermediate elements as an electrical connection end 26, 27 and by bending or interlacing brought into a position relative to the remaining heating resistor 20 be in which it is special for the electrical connection well suited.
  • the heating conductors 20 were made after the insulation pad was produced 2 in the honeycomb or net-like structured top 5 of the insulation pad up to about half the bandwidth 25 pressed into the network structure of the raised sections.
  • the material of the insulation pad is only fiber-reinforced that the heating conductor can easily be pushed in cuts the raised sections.
  • the heating conductor is by locally cutting the fiber composite or by the "barb effect" of those aligned in the direction of insertion Fiber ends anchored particularly well.
  • the one through the sublime Sections 10 formed honeycomb walls or network sections, the depressions forming the honeycomb cells or interstitial spaces 11 separate from each other, are partially when pressed severed, resulting in dashed attachment sections 28 of a heating conductor 20 in a form-fitting manner Intervene material of the raised portions 10 and there in mainly due to friction against lifting and longitudinal displacement are fixed. With appropriate adjustment of the distribution of the raised sections in terms of dimensions and shape of the heating conductor can be a variety relative in this way close to each other, small fixing points in terms of area or surfaces are created for the heating conductor.
  • the area of the fastening sections is expediently so chosen that on the one hand adequate mechanical fixation of the heating conductor on the insulation pad is and on the other hand as little radiation surface of the heat conductor as possible lies in the area of the fastening sections.
  • the raised sections should have a thickness have, which still ensures the required mechanical strength.
  • the through the raised sections 10 or honeycomb walls formed network structure of endlessly interconnected Honeycomb walls or webs can be a sufficient number relatively close to each other attachment points provide, without the positive locking of the heat conductor essential areas of the heat radiating Band surface of the heating conductor are covered.
  • a heating conductor can also have a different course relative to the insulation pad to have. In any case, the insulation pad offers one sufficient number of sufficiently close fastening points.
  • the distance between adjacent fastening points of a heating conductor can preferably be of the order of the width or height of the heating conductor, for example between 1 and 5 mm , especially around 3 mm.
  • the area of an individual incision or incision area does not have to be very large in order to ensure sufficient fastening stability.
  • the average surface area of the fastening areas can in particular be less than 2 mm 2 or less than 1 mm 2 , which ensures that the vast majority of the heating conductor surface is exposed even with a high fastening point density.
  • heat conductors with a positive temperature coefficient of electrical resistance occurs advantageously a certain self-regulation of the temperature differences in the areas of the fastening sections 28, because the current flows through them a little more, if it is slightly colder than the exposed sections are or vice versa.
  • the attachment of the heating conductor to the net-like structured surface can lead to an evening the temperature along the heat conductor lead what experience has shown an improved lifespan. It was even with repeated heating and cooling of the heating conductor no harmful loosening of the heating conductors from their positive Bracket observed. Apparently they're relative narrow webs on which the fastening sections 28 are formed are sufficiently mobile to withstand thermal expansion differences of the materials used slight movements of the heating conductor relative to the insulation pad to catch up with temperature changes.
  • insulating body 30 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 are essentially cylindrical or conical instead of slightly widened upward depressions 11 hemispherical Depressions 31 are provided, the diameter of which is approximately the bandwidth of the upright, corrugated heating conductor 32 corresponds.
  • the spacing of the wells as well their depth and cross-sectional dimensions in comparison to the heating conductor can be the corresponding values of the embodiment 1 and 2 correspond.
  • Due to the hemisphere shape have a coherent one between the wells Net forming raised section 33 a base widening downward and can be mechanical be more stable than the webs according to the embodiment 1 and 2.
  • the geometry with rounded, in particular hemispherical depressions is after eating the insulator particularly easy to demold and creates through the Comparison with the embodiment according to FIG. 1 with the same indentation depth larger contact areas in the incision area an even more secure hold of the heating conductor in the insulating body.
  • the insulating body 40 a complementary to the surface of the insulating body 30 Structure in which the raised sections are in shape of dome-shaped knobs 41 that are even distributed over the otherwise flat surface 42 are.
  • a coherent Network of recesses 44 that are at intersections meet and their soil or ground through the flat surface portions 42 of the insulating body are formed is.
  • the corrugated heating conductor flat band 45 is about two Third of the knob radius pressed into the knobs, so that the Heating conductor between the knobs in the area of the depressions hovers freely above the flat surface 42. Even such nubbed surface structures are currently preferred Dry press technology can be produced largely without scrap, because they are easy to demold.
  • FIG. 5 shows sections the surface of an insulating body 50 of another embodiment.
  • the raised sections in the form of frusto-conical knobs 51 which, unlike the 4 in the area of their otherwise flat surface 52 of the insulating body adjacent base 53 bump into each other.
  • this four-fold rotationally symmetrical Knob arrangement becomes the network of wells 54 essentially due to the V-shaped incisions running perpendicular to each other Valleys formed that are perpendicular to intersections to each other.
  • a cone angle of approx. 40 ° and a nub height which is approximately in the range of the flat bandwidth can lie, results in comparison to the embodiment 4 a higher surface density of fastening points for those to be pressed into the flat surface area of the knobs 51 Heating conductor.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
EP98123542A 1997-12-11 1998-12-09 Corps de chauffe, en particulier pour ustensiles de cuisine Withdrawn EP0922909A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19755114 1997-12-11
DE19755114A DE19755114A1 (de) 1997-12-11 1997-12-11 Heizkörper, insbesondere für Küchengeräte

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0922909A1 true EP0922909A1 (fr) 1999-06-16

Family

ID=7851596

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98123542A Withdrawn EP0922909A1 (fr) 1997-12-11 1998-12-09 Corps de chauffe, en particulier pour ustensiles de cuisine

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US (1) US6184502B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0922909A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19755114A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10060941A1 (de) * 2000-12-07 2002-06-13 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmeübertragung
JP2005197074A (ja) * 2004-01-07 2005-07-21 Ngk Insulators Ltd 抵抗発熱体およびヒーター
US7288749B1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2007-10-30 Vladimir Kominar Electrical heating device and method of its manufacture
WO2015161134A1 (fr) * 2014-04-16 2015-10-22 Spectrum Brands, Inc. Appareil à éléments de chauffe

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WO1997020451A1 (fr) * 1995-11-27 1997-06-05 Aktiebolaget Electrolux Plaque chauffante fonctionnant par induction

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WO1997020451A1 (fr) * 1995-11-27 1997-06-05 Aktiebolaget Electrolux Plaque chauffante fonctionnant par induction

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US6184502B1 (en) 2001-02-06
DE19755114A1 (de) 1999-06-17

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