EP0923506A2 - Procede de fabrication de ciment sulfate ou granulats de ciment sulfate - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication de ciment sulfate ou granulats de ciment sulfate

Info

Publication number
EP0923506A2
EP0923506A2 EP98909205A EP98909205A EP0923506A2 EP 0923506 A2 EP0923506 A2 EP 0923506A2 EP 98909205 A EP98909205 A EP 98909205A EP 98909205 A EP98909205 A EP 98909205A EP 0923506 A2 EP0923506 A2 EP 0923506A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gypsum
slag
sulfate
cement
slags
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98909205A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0923506A3 (fr
Inventor
Alfred Edlinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Holcim Ltd
Original Assignee
Holderbank Financiere Glarus AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Holderbank Financiere Glarus AG filed Critical Holderbank Financiere Glarus AG
Publication of EP0923506A2 publication Critical patent/EP0923506A2/fr
Publication of EP0923506A3 publication Critical patent/EP0923506A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
    • C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
    • C04B7/153—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators
    • C04B7/21—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators with calcium sulfate containing activators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B5/00—Treatment of  metallurgical  slag ; Artificial stone from molten  metallurgical  slag 
    • C04B5/06—Ingredients, other than water, added to the molten slag or to the granulating medium or before remelting; Treatment with gases or gas generating compounds, e.g. to obtain porous slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
    • C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing sulfate cement or sulfate cement additives.
  • blast furnace slag was ground with 15% by weight calcium sulfate in the form of raw gypsum and about 2% by weight Portland cement was added.
  • the presence of hydrated lime in the first hardening stage has turned out to be necessary, because otherwise a dense gel layer will form primarily before sulfatic hardening takes place.
  • blast furnace slags are unsuitable for the production of sulphate metallurgical cement. This is all the more true as conventional blast furnace slags generally have a relatively low alumina content, so that the desired formation of sulfoaluminates is unsuccessful or insufficient, so that the risk of gypsum blowing remains. Finally, a high lime content is required, which is also generally not the case with blast furnace slag. For all of the reasons mentioned, sulphate metallurgical cements have gained no importance in construction practice.
  • the invention now aims to provide a method of the type mentioned at the beginning with which it is possible to achieve cement or cement aggregates with excellent resistance to sulfate and sea water and which can be used, for example, as borehole cements, the risk of gypsum blowing being avoided with certainty.
  • the process according to the invention essentially consists in mixing hydraulically active synthetic slags with a slag basicity CaO / SiO 2 between 1.35 and 1.6, such as waste incineration slags and / or blast furnace slags mixed with steel slags after reduction of metal oxides in the melt, and an Al2 ⁇ -3 content of 10 to 20% by weight and an iron oxide content of less than 2.5% by weight with 5 to 20% by weight, based on the total mixture of an alkaline earth metal sulfate, such as raw gypsum, exhaust gypsum , Flue gas desulfurization system gypsum, gypsum or anhydrite mixed in ground or crushed form.
  • the AI2O3 content can be set to the specified values of 10 to 20% by weight, whereby by reducing the liquid slag not only the heavy metal content but also the Iron oxide content must be brought below 2.5% by weight in order not to subsequently observe any undesirable side effects. Because such a highly purified synthetic slag is now used, a number of materials which are difficult to dispose of, such as, for example, flue gas desulfurization system gypsum, raw gypsum, exhaust gypsum, but also gypsum and anhydrite can be used as alkaline earth metal sulfate carriers.
  • the slags must be ground to a much lower fineness than was the case with known sulfate smelter cements, and it is particularly not necessary to grind the slags together with gypsum, as was the case in the past, in order to achieve a correspondingly good, homogeneous mixture guarantee.
  • the usual blending of raw gypsum with the slag in the production of sulphate metallurgical cements presents a number of difficulties during grinding. In such mixtures, gypsum has a tendency to smear, so that the desired fineness cannot be easily achieved.
  • the high degree of fineness required for a homogeneous distribution of the gypsum can therefore only be achieved with great difficulty.
  • the synthetic slag according to the invention it is sufficient to grind this slag to a much lower fineness and to subsequently add gypsum in a correspondingly lower fineness, although the desired homogeneity of the mixture can nevertheless be achieved.
  • the procedure is advantageously such that a grinding fineness of the synthetic slags between 2800 and 3500 cm ⁇ / g is selected, such grinding fineness being significantly less than the grinding fineness required for known sulphate metallurgical cements.
  • the procedure is advantageously such that the Al 2 O 3 content is set between 12 and 18% by weight.
  • CaS04 is advantageously used in amounts of between 8 and 15% by weight, with a corresponding rapid hardening being ensured by selecting the slag basicity to be greater than 1.45, preferably about 1.5.
  • the AI2O3 content can be adjusted in a particularly simple manner by adding clays or alumina, this adjustment being able to take place in the liquid slag phase.
  • Steel slags usually contain about 16% by weight SiO 2, 50% by weight CaO and 1% by weight Al 2 O 3. Such steel slags can thus be used as lime carriers to adjust the basicity of other slags, such as waste incineration slags, which are mostly to be addressed as acid slags.
  • Blast furnace slags are usually also referred to as acidic slags and are rarely available with a slag basicity greater than 1.1 or 1.2.
  • Blast furnace slag cements usually contain SiO 2 in amounts of approximately 37% by weight and CaO in amounts of approximately 32% by weight.
  • AI2O3 is usually contained in an amount of about 13% by weight, so that mixtures of steel slags and blast furnace slags in liquid form after the basicity of the AI2O3 content has been appropriately adjusted and after the excessive chromium and iron content of steel slags has been reduced , for example using a metal bath, are suitable for a synthetic slag which subsequently converts to sulfate cement can be worked.
  • Waste incineration slags are generally also referred to as acidic slags, such slags generally being characterized by an Al 2 O 3 content of the order of 10 to 25% by weight and a basicity of less than 0.5.
  • Such slags thus contain significantly higher proportions of SiO 2 than CaO and are also not suitable for themselves as a starting material without appropriate adjustment of the basicity and corresponding reduction of the metal oxides.
  • the appropriate slag mixture for the required hydraulically active synthetic slag must be set in the liquid phase to ensure the desired basicity values between 1.35 and 1.6, only this basicity can ensure that the sulfoaluminate reaction without a primary hydration below
  • the use of hydrated lime or Portland cement is made possible, since otherwise the formation of a gel layer would hinder this reaction.
  • a sulfate smelter cement was produced and compared with a cement produced according to the invention.
  • This comparison showed that the compressive strength development in the cement according to the invention is characterized by a higher final strength with a slightly lower strength after 3 days.
  • the compressive strength values for sulfate metallurgical cement after 3 days were 41 N / mm 2 compared to 38 N / mm 2 for the cement according to the invention. After 28 days, a compressive strength of 76 N / mm 2 could be achieved with sulphate metallurgical cement, whereas the cement according to the invention gave values of 82 N / mm 2 .
  • the flexural strength of the cement according to the invention was about twice as high as that of known sulphate metallurgical cements.
  • Sulphate metallurgical cement achieved a bending strength of 7 N / mm 2 , where against values of 14 N / mm 2 were achieved with the cement according to the invention.
  • the cement according to the invention is characterized by a significantly lower tendency to shrink. While cracking was observed in metallurgical cements and conventional blast furnace slag mixed cements, cracking was largely excluded in the cement according to the invention due to the significantly lower tendency to shrink and was also not observed.
  • the grinding fineness was determined in the course of the Blaine tests in accordance with ASTM standard C 204-55.
  • the sulphate smelter cement used in the comparative experiments was ground up much more elaborately and was used with a fineness of 5000 cm / g, whereas the cement according to the invention used in the comparative experiments was ground only to 3000 cm 2 / g fineness.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production de ciment sulfaté ou de granulats de ciment sulfaté. Selon ce procédé, on mélange des scories synthétiques hydrauliquement actives ayant une basicité CaO/SiO2 comprise entre 1,35 et 1,6, par exemple, des scories issues de l'incinération d'ordures et/ou de hauts fourneaux mélangées à des scories d'acier après réduction d'oxydes métalliques dans la masse fondue, et ayant une teneur Al2O3 comprise entre 10 et 20 % en poids et une teneur en oxydes de fer inférieure à 2,5 % en poids, avec 5 à 20 % en poids, par rapport au mélange total, d'un sulfate alcalino-terreux, par exemple, du gypse brut, du gypse issu de gaz de combustion, du plâtre de désulfuration de fumées, du plâtre ou de l'anhydrite sous forme moulue ou broyée.
EP98909205A 1997-04-09 1998-03-12 Procede de fabrication de ciment sulfate ou granulats de ciment sulfate Withdrawn EP0923506A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0061197A AT404723B (de) 1997-04-09 1997-04-09 Verfahren zur herstellung von sulfatzement oder sulfatzementzuschlagstoffen
AT61197 1997-04-09
PCT/AT1998/000066 WO1998045218A2 (fr) 1997-04-09 1998-03-12 Procede de fabrication de ciment sulfate ou granulats de ciment sulfate

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0923506A2 true EP0923506A2 (fr) 1999-06-23
EP0923506A3 EP0923506A3 (fr) 1999-12-01

Family

ID=3495189

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98909205A Withdrawn EP0923506A3 (fr) 1997-04-09 1998-03-12 Procede de fabrication de ciment sulfate ou granulats de ciment sulfate

Country Status (22)

Country Link
US (1) US6139621A (fr)
EP (1) EP0923506A3 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000505776A (fr)
CN (1) CN1229404A (fr)
AR (1) AR010411A1 (fr)
AT (1) AT404723B (fr)
AU (1) AU725892B2 (fr)
BG (1) BG62883B1 (fr)
BR (1) BR9804812A (fr)
CA (1) CA2257643A1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ424498A3 (fr)
HR (1) HRP980137B1 (fr)
HU (1) HUP0302627A2 (fr)
ID (1) ID21227A (fr)
MA (1) MA24518A1 (fr)
NZ (1) NZ333268A (fr)
RU (1) RU2163574C2 (fr)
SK (1) SK168098A3 (fr)
TR (1) TR199802561T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998045218A2 (fr)
YU (1) YU56198A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA982824B (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6409819B1 (en) * 1998-06-30 2002-06-25 International Mineral Technology Ag Alkali activated supersulphated binder
AT408653B (de) * 1999-12-20 2002-02-25 Tribovent Verfahrensentwicklg Verfahren zum herstellen von mergelschlacken
CZ298618B6 (cs) 2000-01-28 2007-11-28 Holcim Ltd. Zpusob výroby pucolánových nebo hydraulických mlecích prísad ze zásaditých oxidických strusek, urcených pro prumyslovou výrobu cementu
JP3654122B2 (ja) * 2000-03-28 2005-06-02 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 スラグ硬化体の製造方法
US6666996B1 (en) 2000-12-11 2003-12-23 Tribovent Verfahrensentwicklung, Gmbh Process for producing marl slags
RU2278835C2 (ru) * 2001-09-13 2006-06-27 Вопфингер Штайн- Унд Калькверке Шмид Унд Ко. Гидравлическое связующее
RU2444553C1 (ru) * 2010-12-29 2012-03-10 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный институт имени Г.В. Плеханова (технический университет)" Тампонажный состав для изоляции зон поглощения
FI126049B (fi) 2013-09-12 2016-06-15 Global Ecoprocess Services Oy Menetelmä metallien käsittelemiseksi
CN105837152A (zh) * 2016-06-14 2016-08-10 安徽华业建工集团有限公司 一种建筑水泥及其制备方法
CN106587879B (zh) * 2016-12-12 2019-02-05 武汉中理环保科技有限公司 一种渣炒石膏制备石膏干混砂浆的方法

Family Cites Families (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE430629A (fr) *
US2248032A (en) * 1938-02-22 1941-07-01 Ici Ltd Manufacture of cements from calcium sulphate and blast furnace slag
JPS5144536B2 (fr) * 1972-10-19 1976-11-29
DE2611889C3 (de) * 1976-03-20 1978-11-02 Ferdinand Dr.Rer.Mont. 6374 Steinbach Fink Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bindemitteln aus Hüttenabfallen
NL173980C (nl) * 1976-11-05 1984-04-02 Nederlandse Cement Ind Werkwijze voor het winnen van ijzer uit een slak van de oxystaalbereiding en het vormen van een residuslak met nuttige eigenschappen.
JPS5542250A (en) * 1978-09-21 1980-03-25 Osaka Cement Swelling solidifying material
JPS55102677A (en) * 1979-01-29 1980-08-06 Chiyoda Chem Eng & Constr Co Ltd Improvement in strength of hydrous soft ground
BR7909005A (pt) * 1979-05-09 1981-04-14 Japan Process Eng Composicao inorganica hidraulica
JPS5817556B2 (ja) * 1979-12-29 1983-04-07 千代田化工建設株式会社 悪臭を持つ含水軟弱土の脱臭強度増加方法
US4443260A (en) * 1982-06-14 1984-04-17 Chiyoda Chemical Engineering & Constr., Co., Ltd. Method for strengthening soft soil
SU1085949A1 (ru) * 1982-07-09 1984-04-15 Государственный Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Цементной Промышленности Сырьева смесь дл получени сульфоалюминатного клинкера
JPS60231445A (ja) * 1984-04-28 1985-11-18 日本磁力選鉱株式会社 高塩基度製鋼スラグの利用方法
SU1248981A1 (ru) * 1984-06-27 1986-08-07 Киевский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Инженерно-Строительный Институт В жущее
JPS6117452A (ja) * 1984-07-02 1986-01-25 日本磁力選鉱株式会社 製鋼スラグ、石炭灰の有効利用方法
SU1303575A1 (ru) * 1985-04-19 1987-04-15 Липецкий политехнический институт В жущее
US4652310A (en) * 1985-11-20 1987-03-24 Nippon Magnetic Dressing Co., Ltd. Process for making a hardening agent for weak soil or sludge from steel making slag
DE3609568A1 (de) * 1986-03-21 1987-09-24 Fink Gerdinand Herstellen eines zementes aus blasstahlschlacken
FR2610619B1 (fr) * 1987-02-11 1989-06-16 Setec Geotechnique Activant pour accelerer la prise d'un laitier granule de haut-fourneau
DE3778916D1 (de) * 1987-11-19 1992-06-11 Newmont Mining Corp Verfahren zur herstellung zementaehnlicher zusammensetzungen aus abfall.
JP2710359B2 (ja) * 1988-10-04 1998-02-10 電気化学工業株式会社 低アルカリセメント組成物及び上水道ライニング管
SU1708788A1 (ru) * 1988-12-27 1992-01-30 Научно-Исследовательский И Проектно-Технологический Институт По Разработке Машин, Механизмов И Оснастки Для Городского Хозяйства Г.Москвы В жущее
US5273579A (en) * 1990-06-19 1993-12-28 Mitsubishi Mining And Cement Co., Ltd. Quick setting compositions
NL9201266A (nl) * 1992-07-14 1994-02-01 Pelt & Hooykaas Werkwijze voor het regelen van de samenstelling van staalslakken.
JPH06115998A (ja) * 1992-10-06 1994-04-26 Nippon Cement Co Ltd 水硬性組成物の製造方法
JPH10245555A (ja) * 1997-02-28 1998-09-14 Mitsubishi Materials Corp 有機質土用セメント系固化材

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9845218A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6139621A (en) 2000-10-31
SK168098A3 (en) 1999-06-11
AU6384698A (en) 1998-10-30
JP2000505776A (ja) 2000-05-16
AU725892B2 (en) 2000-10-26
BG103052A (en) 1999-09-30
AT404723B (de) 1999-02-25
ZA982824B (en) 1998-10-05
HRP980137A2 (en) 1999-02-28
ATA61197A (de) 1998-06-15
CN1229404A (zh) 1999-09-22
HUP0302627A2 (hu) 2003-11-28
RU2163574C2 (ru) 2001-02-27
TR199802561T1 (xx) 1999-10-21
NZ333268A (en) 2000-07-28
CZ424498A3 (cs) 1999-07-14
WO1998045218A2 (fr) 1998-10-15
CA2257643A1 (fr) 1998-10-15
BR9804812A (pt) 1999-12-14
WO1998045218A3 (fr) 1999-04-01
MA24518A1 (fr) 1998-12-31
EP0923506A3 (fr) 1999-12-01
YU56198A (sh) 2000-03-21
BG62883B1 (bg) 2000-10-31
ID21227A (id) 1999-05-06
HRP980137B1 (en) 2000-06-30
AR010411A1 (es) 2000-06-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69903303T2 (de) Aktiviertes bindemittel auf basis von alumosilikaten
DE3020384C2 (de) Hydraulisches Bindemittelgemisch für die Herstellung von Beton und Mörtel unter Verwendung eines latent hydraulischen Bindemittels
DE2553140C2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bindemittels für Bauzwecke
AT413535B (de) Hydraulisches bindemittel sowie verfahren zu dessen herstellung
EP1732861B1 (fr) Liant hydraulique
AT404723B (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von sulfatzement oder sulfatzementzuschlagstoffen
DE4441614C1 (de) C¶4¶ A¶3¶ S freier Portlandzementklinker und dessen Verwendung
EP1322569A2 (fr) Ciment de laitier
DE60106242T2 (de) Oxidative behandlung von stahlschlacken und enthaltende ld schlacke
EP0838443B1 (fr) Utilisation de déchets contenant de l'alumine
DE3743467A1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung eines baustoffs und bindemittels mit erhoehter wasserbestaendigkeit
EP2448878B1 (fr) Klinker de ciment et ciment, ainsi que leur procédé de fabrication
DE19531942A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von hydraulisch erhärtenden Deponiebaustoffen und -systemen für Deponatverfestigung und -immobilisierung aus Rückständen von Braunkohlenkraftwerken
DE2461133A1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung eines rohmehles fuer das gips-schwefelsaeureverfahren
DE2341493C3 (de) Hydraulischer Zement mit hoher Anfangsfestigkeit
EP0879216A1 (fr) Composition de ciment
EP0662460B1 (fr) Liant pour enduit intérieur
DE2744365B2 (fr)
AT513487B1 (de) Klinkerersatz
EP1975135A2 (fr) Liant hydraulique
AT320513B (de) Zement bzw. Zementbeton und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
AT411681B (de) Schlackenzement
AT506809B1 (de) Hydraulisches bindemittel
EP0749944A1 (fr) Lant pour mortiers et bétons
AT320512B (de) Zement bzw. Zementbeton und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: SI PAYMENT 19981207

PUAK Availability of information related to the publication of the international search report

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009015

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19990610

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: SI PAYMENT 19981207

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20000915

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: HOLCIM LTD.

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20011201