EP0927445A1 - Appareil electrique, notamment dispositif de protection contre les surtensions, et systeme d'affichage de l'etat de cet appareil dans un dispositif d'evaluation central - Google Patents

Appareil electrique, notamment dispositif de protection contre les surtensions, et systeme d'affichage de l'etat de cet appareil dans un dispositif d'evaluation central

Info

Publication number
EP0927445A1
EP0927445A1 EP97934404A EP97934404A EP0927445A1 EP 0927445 A1 EP0927445 A1 EP 0927445A1 EP 97934404 A EP97934404 A EP 97934404A EP 97934404 A EP97934404 A EP 97934404A EP 0927445 A1 EP0927445 A1 EP 0927445A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrical apparatus
optical waveguide
shell
evaluation device
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97934404A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0927445B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Oehlschlaeger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Original Assignee
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Asea Brown Boveri AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd, Asea Brown Boveri AB filed Critical ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Priority to SI9730367T priority Critical patent/SI0927445T1/xx
Publication of EP0927445A1 publication Critical patent/EP0927445A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0927445B1 publication Critical patent/EP0927445B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/12—Means structurally associated with spark gap for recording operation thereof

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an electrical apparatus according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a system for displaying the state of this electrical apparatus in a central evaluation device which is remote from the apparatus.
  • Signals about the faulty state or about any operating state of the apparatus are often routed with optical fibers to a central evaluation device which may be located several kilometers away from the apparatus in a control room and checked there.
  • the invention relates to a state of the art of electrical apparatus, as specified, for example, in EP-0 338 374 A2.
  • a medium-voltage or high-voltage switching device described in this prior art has a large number of sensors which record information about important physical quantities relating to a switching device and direct them to a central evaluation device via optical fibers.
  • Such information relates, for example, to the continuous measurement of the magnitude and voltage of the current carried in the switching device or the density, pressure and temperature of an extinguishing gas present in the switching device.
  • this information can also include the position or the speed of the switch contacts which can be brought into or out of engagement with one another or a break in the drive linkage required for the movement of the switch contacts.
  • Position sensors such as reflection light barriers or inductive proximity switches, are preferably provided as sensors for this purpose.
  • the information supplied to the central evaluation device is used for self-diagnosis of the switching device and, in addition to a permanent control of the operating state, also enables early detection of irregularities in the switching device.
  • DE-195 06 307 AI describes a device for displaying the faulty state of a surge arrester.
  • This device has a switching element which, when a fault current occurs, shifts the two parts of a two-part metal housing carrying a display element, making the display element visible and forming a galvanic connection which takes over the fault current.
  • This device can only be monitored on site in a system, but not from a central evaluation device.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying an electrical apparatus of the type mentioned at the outset, which forms a signal which can be guided to a central evaluation device in a simple and reliable manner as soon as a movable part of the apparatus monitored by a sensor becomes its Changes position, and at the same time to create a system that shows the state of this apparatus in the central evaluation device.
  • the electrical apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that it has a sensor which reliably detects the change in position of the movable part.
  • This sensor essentially consists of a section of an optical waveguide which is anyway required for signal transmission to the central evaluation device. An additional sensor can therefore be saved and the electrical apparatus according to the invention can thus be manufactured in a particularly cost-effective manner.
  • the safe functioning of the sensor is a consequence of its simple structure and its simple mode of operation. Since the sensor is only intended to emit a signal to the central evaluation device when the electrical apparatus is in operation, which is signaled by the change in position of the moving part, it is sufficient if this signal is formed by destroying the optical waveguide section when the position of the moving part changes. When the optical waveguide section is destroyed, a light signal that is otherwise continuously returned from the optical waveguide to the central evaluation device is interrupted.
  • the electrical apparatus according to the invention is connected in series in the cable run of the optical waveguide with at least one further electrical apparatus also containing a section of the optical waveguide as a sensor. It can then be recognized with only one optical fiber in the control room whether one of the devices in a group of electrical devices is working incorrectly. If the movable part of each of the electrical devices is equipped with a display element, it can easily be determined on site which device from the group of devices is malfunctioning.
  • These electrical apparatuses are preferably each assigned to a phase of a multiphase power network, that is to say they are arranged locally closely adjacent in a system or in a field.
  • Such a system for displaying the state of an electrical apparatus in a control room located away from the apparatus can be implemented with extremely simple means, can be easily retrofitted into existing high or medium voltage systems or fields and is also characterized by great reliability.
  • Fig.l a three-phase high-voltage line, in which everyone
  • Conductor is electrically conductively connected to an electrical apparatus designed as a surge arrester according to the invention and the state of these apparatuses is checked via an optical waveguide in a central evaluation device arranged away from the line, 2 shows a plan view of an axially guided section through an essentially cylindrically symmetrical design and built into a power connection of one of the overvoltage arresters according to FIG the response,
  • FIG 5 shows the display device according to Figure 4 after the response.
  • Fig.l TR denotes a transformer which feeds high voltage in a three-phase R, S, T three-phase high-voltage line.
  • One of three surge arresters A R , A s , A ⁇ is suspended from each of the three phase conductors R, S, T.
  • the surge arresters are each electrically connected to one of the phase conductors R, S, T by one of two power connections and are each fastened to a grounded holder G designed as a scaffold using a support insulator I.
  • the second of the two power connections of each of the surge arresters A R , A s , A ⁇ is electrically connected to the grounded holder G via a grounding cable E.
  • An optical fiber L is from a central evaluation device AW through the surge arresters A ⁇ and A s to the Surge arrester A R led.
  • the evaluation device AW is housed in a control room typically up to several kilometers away from the surge arresters and contains a light source LQ, for example a laser diode, which feeds a light signal into the optical waveguide L when the surge arrester is in operation, and a light signal which is fed in after passing through the Surge arrester-detecting receiver FW, for example a photo resistor.
  • the receiver acts on a warning element containing, for example, a green and a red control lamp KG and KR.
  • the optical waveguide L can be in the form of a loop, one end of which is operatively connected to the light source LQ and the other end of which is connected to the receiver FW.
  • the conductor L can also be designed in the form of a stub line, one end of which is operatively connected to the light source LQ, and the other end of which is closed by a reflector.
  • Each of the surge arresters contains a sensor designed as a section LA of the optical waveguide L.
  • This sensor is in each case part of a device 3 provided in each of the surge arresters, with which a faulty state of the associated surge arrester, for example a fault current flowing through the surge arrester, can be made optically visible on site.
  • the overvoltage arrester A R which is the most distant in the series connection of the overvoltage arresters from the central evaluation device AW, can contain a reflection light barrier fed by the light source LQ via the optical waveguide L and fed via the optical waveguide L into the receiver FW instead of an optical waveguide section LA.
  • FIGS. 2 to 5 show two embodiments of the display device 3.
  • the embodiment of the display device 3 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is usually provided in all three surge arresters. It has an earthable current connection of the surge arrester A R , A s , A ⁇ electrically conductive connected part 2.
  • the display device 3 also contains a two-part metal housing 4 made of a material that conducts electricity well, such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, which is fastened to a switching element 5 of the display device 3.
  • the switching element 5 comprises a cylinder-symmetrical, gas-tight insulating material housing 6 made of a brittle material, such as a highly filled polymer based on an epoxy, and two cylinder-symmetrical electrodes 7, 8 which are guided into the insulating material housing and each held at one end of the insulating material housing 6
  • the two electrodes 7, 8 are arranged one above the other on the axis of the insulating material housing 6 and form a spark gap 9 in the insulating material housing 6 at the free ends, of which the electrode 7 is formed as a tip.
  • the mutually facing end sections of the electrodes 7, 8 are connected to the current connections of a resistor 10 which is connected in parallel with the spark gap 9 and is preferably designed as a fuse or PTC thermistor.
  • the resistor 10 is dimensioned such that it can carry a high-current surge value still held by the surge arrester 1, for example of 100 kA 4/10 ⁇ s, and that when loaded for a predetermined period of time, for example 0.1 ms, one with a predetermined limit value current, for example 20 A, its electrical conductivity, for example by melting or through a PTC transition, suddenly reduced.
  • An explosive charge 11 is attached in the interior of the insulating material housing 6, not far from the spark gap 9, the amount of which is dimensioned such that when the charge is ignited, the insulating material housing 6 can be detonated into at least two parts which are led away from one another and each hold one of the two electrodes 7, 8.
  • the metal housing 4 is formed by two shells 12, 13 which have different diameters and which are each held at their ends at opposite ends of the switching element 5.
  • the shell 12 with the larger diameter accommodates the shell 13 with the smaller diameter.
  • the shell 12 has an opening in its base through which a connection of the electrode 7, which is galvanically connected to the potential-carrying part 2 of the surge arrester and has an external thread, is guided.
  • the shell 12 is firmly connected to the upper end of the switching element 5 by means of a nut, not shown.
  • the shell 12 carries at least one contact element 14, which is directed into the shell interior and is ring-shaped and has an inner cone.
  • This contact element 14 is provided with an internal thread which interacts with an external thread of the shell 12.
  • the shell 12 has discharge openings 15 for compressed gas.
  • These blow-out openings can be provided with a filter which retains solid parts inside the housing and can be designed in such a way that escaping compressed gas is guided in a predetermined direction.
  • the shell 13 also has an opening in its bottom through which a connection of the electrode 8, which has an external thread and is connected to earth potential, is guided.
  • the shell 13 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the switching element 5 by means of an unspecified nut.
  • the shell 13 carries on its outer side covered by the shell 12 a display element 16, for example in the form of a color coating.
  • the shell 13 is widened like a cone and is formed in the region of the shell edge on its outer side as an electrical contact element 17 which is adapted to the inner cone of the annular contact element 14 is.
  • the interior of the metal housing 4 is closed off by a cover 18 which extends from the bottom of the shell 13 to the edge of the shell 12.
  • the section LA of the optical waveguide L is guided into the interior of the metal housing 4.
  • the shell 12 has two diametrically arranged feedthroughs for the optical waveguide section LA which connect the optical waveguide section LA to the shell 13 provided in the interior of the metal housing to lead.
  • Two through openings for the optical waveguide section LA are provided in the shell 13.
  • two connecting parts of two optical fiber plug connections 19, 20 are attached.
  • the optical waveguide section LA is guided in a practically straight line from the optical waveguide plug connections 19 through the shells 12 and 13 into the interior of the metal housing 4, comprises half the circumference of the insulating material housing 6 in the shortest possible way and is practically straight again through the shells 13 and 12 to the optical waveguide. Plug connection 20 performed.
  • each of the surge arresters A R , A s , Ai carries only a small leakage current, which is typically in the mA range.
  • This leakage current flows from the potential-carrying part 2 via the electrode 7, the resistor 10, the electrode 8, the flexible earth cable E, which is electrically connected to this electrode 8 by means of a screw connection, and the holder G to earth.
  • current surges still held by the surge arrester for example up to 100 kA 4 / 10 ⁇ s, which as a result of overvoltages by the arrester fH, are dissipated to earth without the display device 3 responding.
  • a signal continuously emitted from the light source LQ in the evaluation device AW of the control room is first passed to a surge arrester A ⁇ through a part of the optical waveguide L interacting therewith, passes through the optical waveguide plug connection 19, the optical waveguide section LA, the optical waveguide plug connection 20 and this connecting part of the optical waveguide L to the surge arrester A s , from there in a corresponding manner to the surge arrester A R and via an adjoining part of the optical waveguide L guided as a loop to the receiver FW of the evaluation device AW.
  • the surge arresters A R , A s , Arp work correctly. This can be indicated, for example, by activating the green control lamp KG.
  • the surge arrester or another electrical device for example an isolator of a switch or a transformer, or an isolator of a high-voltage system
  • a fault current in the A or even kA range flows through the ohmic resistor, which acts as a current sensor 10.
  • Resistor 10 is strongly heated and changes to a high-resistance state within a few ms, for example by melting or a PTC transition.
  • the fault current now commutates with arcing into a current path containing the spark gap 9.
  • the explosive charge 11 arranged in the area of the spark gap 9 is ignited by the arc that forms.
  • the compressed gas is expelled through the blow-out openings from the inside of the metal housing 4 enclosed by the shells 12 and 13.
  • the Isolierstoff housing 6 resulting splinters are held back by the metal housing 4 inside the housing.
  • the optical waveguide section LA is destroyed and the light signal led from the light source LQ to the receiver FW is interrupted. Instead of the green KG, the red control lamp KR now lights up and signals in the control room that one of the three surge arresters is defective.
  • the cone-like widening of the shell 13 designed as contact element 17 and the ring-shaped contact element 14 of the fixed shell 12 are jammed.
  • the fault current is no longer over the Spark gap 9 of the switching element 5 guided, but now flows to the earth via the shell 12 galvanically connected to the electrode 7, the contact elements 14 and 17 in contact with each other and the shell 13 electrically connected to the electrode 8.
  • the section of the shell 12 carrying the display element 14 has now become visible and signals the defective surge arrester to an observer on site.
  • the defective surge arrester can now be removed and replaced with a new one.
  • the optical waveguide section LA is simply plugged onto the optical waveguide L.
  • one of both ends of the section LA is connected to a connecting part of the plug connection 19.
  • the other end of LA is closed by a reflector 21.
  • the reflector 21 does not necessarily have to be attached to the shell 12, but can alternatively also be attached to a region of the outer surface of the shell 13 facing the plug connection 19.
  • the section LA can then be omitted and the reflector 21 is then part of a reflection light barrier.
  • Such a surge arrester is executed in the series circuit of three surge arrester A R, A s, A ⁇ from the central evaluation device AW furthest surge arrester A R.
  • the signal continuously emitted by the light source LQ in the evaluation device AW of the control room is passed through the arresters A ⁇ and A s to the surge arrester A R. After reflection on the reflector 21, the signal reaches the receiver FW of the evaluation device AW. If the surge arrester A R has a defect, the display device 3 responds and interrupts the light signal guided by the light source LQ to the reflector 21 and thus to the receiver FW by destroying the optical waveguide section LA or by moving the shell 13. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Landscapes

  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil électrique conçu notamment sous forme de dispositif de protection contre les surtensions (AR, AS, AT), comprenant un capteur servant à détecter la position d'une pièce mobile de l'appareil ainsi qu'un moyen de connexion pour une fibre optique (L) destinée à transmettre un signal émis par le capteur vers un dispositif d'évaluation central (AW) lorsque la pièce mobile change de position. Le capteur est formé par la section (LA) de la fibre optique (L), qui est appliquée sur l'appareil électrique, et il est fixé à l'appareil électrique de manière à se détruire après modification de la position de la pièce mobile, transmettant ainsi un signal d'avertissement au dispositif d'évaluation central (AW).
EP97934404A 1996-09-18 1997-08-21 Appareil electrique, notamment dispositif de protection contre les surtensions, et systeme d'affichage de l'etat de cet appareil dans un dispositif d'evaluation central Expired - Lifetime EP0927445B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI9730367T SI0927445T1 (en) 1996-09-18 1997-08-21 Electrical apparatus, particularly a surge arrester and a display system for the state of the apparatus in a central evaluation device

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19637984A DE19637984A1 (de) 1996-09-18 1996-09-18 Elektrischer Apparat, insbesondere Überspannungsableiter und System zur Anzeige des Zustands dieses Apparats in einer zentralen Auswertevorrichtung
DE19637984 1996-09-18
PCT/CH1997/000305 WO1998012780A1 (fr) 1996-09-18 1997-08-21 Appareil electrique, notamment dispositif de protection contre les surtensions, et systeme d'affichage de l'etat de cet appareil dans un dispositif d'evaluation central

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0927445A1 true EP0927445A1 (fr) 1999-07-07
EP0927445B1 EP0927445B1 (fr) 2002-05-15

Family

ID=7805963

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97934404A Expired - Lifetime EP0927445B1 (fr) 1996-09-18 1997-08-21 Appareil electrique, notamment dispositif de protection contre les surtensions, et systeme d'affichage de l'etat de cet appareil dans un dispositif d'evaluation central

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0927445B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3764497A (fr)
DE (2) DE19637984A1 (fr)
HR (1) HRP970492B1 (fr)
TW (1) TW357476B (fr)
WO (1) WO1998012780A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA977464B (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004002582A1 (de) * 2004-01-13 2005-08-04 Siemens Ag Optisch gezündete Funkenstrecke
DE102010038208A1 (de) * 2010-10-14 2012-04-19 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzvorrichtung
LU93206B1 (en) * 2016-09-13 2018-03-16 Abb Schweiz Ag Protection of a surge arrester with a better protection against failure from thermal overload in case of a temporary overvoltage in an electrical grid line
CA3138542A1 (fr) 2019-04-29 2020-11-05 Hubbell Incorporated Dispositif de deconnexion et assemblage de protection contre les surtensions equipe dudit dispositif

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH615784A5 (en) * 1977-07-14 1980-02-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Monitoring arrangement on an overvoltage arrester containing at least one spark gap
DE3305234C2 (de) * 1983-02-16 1986-02-27 Felten & Guilleaume Energietechnik GmbH, 5000 Köln Zugfester Draht aus einer faserverstärkten Harzstruktur mit mindestens einem darin eingeschlossenen Lichtwellenleiter
DE3524101A1 (de) * 1985-07-05 1987-01-08 Battelle Institut E V Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen rberwachung des verschleisszustandes von materialien
JPH01136305A (ja) * 1987-11-24 1989-05-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 劣化監視装置
JPH01215002A (ja) * 1988-02-24 1989-08-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 避雷器劣化監視装置
DE3812734A1 (de) * 1988-04-16 1989-10-26 Asea Brown Boveri Verfahren und einrichtung zur steuerung einer antriebseinrichtung eines mittel- oder hochspannungsschaltgeraetes
GB9005827D0 (en) * 1990-03-15 1990-05-09 Raychem Gmbh Electrical protection apparatus
DE4218170C1 (fr) * 1992-06-02 1993-05-27 Siemens Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De
JPH06325909A (ja) * 1993-05-13 1994-11-25 Chubu Electric Power Co Inc ケーブル防食層保護用アレスタの故障検知装置
DE19506307A1 (de) * 1995-02-23 1996-08-29 Abb Management Ag Vorrichtung zur Anzeige eines fehlerhaften Zustands eines elektrischen Apparates, insbesondere eines Überspannungsableiters

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9812780A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HRP970492A2 (en) 1998-06-30
DE59707297D1 (de) 2002-06-20
WO1998012780A1 (fr) 1998-03-26
ZA977464B (en) 1998-02-19
TW357476B (en) 1999-05-01
HRP970492B1 (en) 2003-10-31
AU3764497A (en) 1998-04-14
DE19637984A1 (de) 1998-03-19
EP0927445B1 (fr) 2002-05-15

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