Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
  • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
  • F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
  • F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
  • F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
  • F23C2201/10—Furnace staging
  • F23C2201/101—Furnace staging in vertical direction, e.g. alternating lean and rich zones
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
  • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
  • F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof

Definitions

• NO x nitrous gases
• NO x nitrous gases
• NO 2 nitrous gases
• the maximum limit for NO x emissions became more industrial in December 1996
• Incineration plants reduced from 450 mg / Nm 3 to 200 mg / Nm 3 (limit value according to 17th BImSchV).
• the large energy supply companies use a sub-stoichiometric combustion with respect to oxygen in up to four vertically arranged burner levels for the primary reduction of NO x and compensate for this by supplying so-called "tertiary air" in the upper, somewhat colder part of the radiation boiler.
• At least two pairs of burners opposite each other are usually installed per burner level, the outlets of which are usually arranged tangentially, so that the fuel-air mixture is set into a strong circular flow and is optimally mixed.
• the performance of the burners installed on the same level is usually identical or shows only minimal, random deviations.
• burner 1 is operated with 30% excess air and burner 2 with 10% excess air, in each case based on the amount of air required for the complete combustion of the heating medium, with the proviso that so much air is supplied that the flue gas leaving the boiler is still at least the required Contains excess oxygen.
• the difference in air supply to the burners installed on the same level is preferably 20 to 40%.
• a total of 15 to 50% excess of air is particularly preferably used, based on the amount of heating required for complete combustion of the heating medium.
• natural gas, combustible exhaust gases, heating oils (for example medium and low-viscosity oils), coal dust, but also combustible waste from the production of organic chemicals can be used as equivalent heating means.
• An example of such combustible waste is the distillation residues from the production of tallow fatty amines, which still contain residues of copper catalysts.
• the permissible NO x limit value could not be met even by adding urea as a reducing agent, so that initially only expensive external disposal in a hazardous waste facility was considered.
• this problem waste could be disposed of in a normal incineration plant, the NO x value in the exhaust gas being only 150 mg / Nm 3 .

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

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• 1997
  • 1997-10-31 DE DE1997148189 patent/DE19748189A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1998
  • 1998-10-26 EP EP98120236A patent/EP0933595A3/fr not_active Withdrawn

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