EP0934232A1 - Verfahren zur desinfektion von organischem abfallschlamm - Google Patents

Verfahren zur desinfektion von organischem abfallschlamm

Info

Publication number
EP0934232A1
EP0934232A1 EP96933047A EP96933047A EP0934232A1 EP 0934232 A1 EP0934232 A1 EP 0934232A1 EP 96933047 A EP96933047 A EP 96933047A EP 96933047 A EP96933047 A EP 96933047A EP 0934232 A1 EP0934232 A1 EP 0934232A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sludge
effective amount
organic
group
thoroughly mixing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96933047A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0934232A4 (de
EP0934232B1 (de
Inventor
Morris Peltier Jr.
Eddie P. Mayeux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0934232A1 publication Critical patent/EP0934232A1/de
Publication of EP0934232A4 publication Critical patent/EP0934232A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0934232B1 publication Critical patent/EP0934232B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment

Definitions

  • the invention disclosed herein relates generally to the field of treating sludges which are formed as a by-product of waste stream comprised of organic wastes, sometimes referred to as organic waste sludges.
  • organic waste sludges typically deposited as a sediment, such sludges are typically comprised of precipitated organic solids and 50-80 percent, by weight, moisture content.
  • Such sludges are typically in the form of a wet, cohesive, semi-plastic, odoriferous mass.
  • pathogenic organisms including pathogenic bacteria and helminth ova.
  • the invention set forth herein provides a process for extermination of pathogenic bacteria and helminth ova in organic waste sludges without substantially depleting the nitrogen content of such sludges.
  • Organic waste sludges are an inevitable by-product of waste streams containing biological matter, such as municipal and private waste treatment plants, feed lot operations, sawmills, paper mills, slaughtering operations and other operations wherein wastes of organic origin collect as a consequence of principal operations being conducted.
  • Such sludges typically form as a waste stream sediment comprised of precipitated matter of biological origin and water; existing in the form of an odoriferous, vector attracting, wet, cohesive mass.
  • sludges are frequently contaminated with pathological bacteria and helminth ova.
  • non- disinfected organic waste sludges are typically hazardous to human, animal and plant life, are foul smelling, have physical characteristics which make them difficult to handle and transport, and, are attractive to numerous vectors which tend to spread the hazards of the sludge beyond the point of their collection or disposal.
  • a number of methods have been developed. Many of the presently used methods are set forth In United States Code, 40 CFR Part 257. These include aerobic digestion, anaerobic digestion, lime stabilization, air drying, composting, heat drying, heat treatment, gamma irradiation, electron irradiation and other methods shown on Table 6-1 of said regulation.
  • U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,281,341 and 4,793,927 to Rei er discloses methods for disinfection of an organic waste sludge with nitrous acid or ammonia.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,942,970 to O'Donnell discloses a method for disinfecting organic waste sludge with N-methylol-urea solution and then reacting the methylol solution with an acid.
  • All of the previously known methods for disinfection of organic waste sludges involve one or more of the following disadvantages: a) substantial time of treatment, b) high energy usage, c) use of complex, expensive, permanently located equipment, d) transport of pathogen bearing sludges to a permanently located treating facility, e) use of expensive, difficult to handle and/or dangerous chemicals which may leave substantial chemical residue and/or f) substantial depletion of the nitrogen content of the sludge.
  • the invention disclosed herein substantially reduces the aforesaid disadvantages by providing a simple, fast and effective method for disinfection of organic waste sludges; with inexpensive chemicals and equipment which may be portable, without substantial reduction of the nitrogen content of the sludge and without leaving substantial chemical residue.
  • various solutions which generate methyl-isothiocyanate are generally known to be effective at reducing the population of certain microorganisms, it is believed that such solutions have not been previously used for disinfection of organic waste sludges according to the present invention nor have such solutions been disclosed to be effective as a helminth ovicide in organic waste sludges.
  • Previously helminth ova have been considered highly resistive to extermination by aqueous-based salt solutions. While no claim is made to the exact biological process by which the solutions disclosed herein exterminate helminth ova, it is believed that methyl-isothiocyanate gas, liberated by commingling of the disclosed solutions and sludge, is able to penetrate the tough outer covering of helminth ova, form substituted thioureas within amino groups of the ova itself, thereby inhibiting enzymatic activity essential for continued viability of the ova, resulting in demise of the ova.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a method for treating organic waste sludge which is practiced with inexpensive chemicals and equipment which may be portable.
  • Pathogenic bacteria and helminth ova found in organic sludge are effectively exterminated by the step of thoroughly contacting the organic sludge with an effective amount of aqueous solution containing a solute of one or more chemical salts which liberate methyl-isothiocyanate gas when mixed with organic sludge. Said step also reduces the odoriferous characteristics and vector attraction of the sludge, without substantially depleting the nitrogen content of the sludge.
  • the sludge may be further treated, by known means, for disinfection of virus and/or improve its physical properties for recycling as a fertilizer.
  • the preferred method of disinfecting an organic waste sludge of pathogenic bacteria and helminth ova includes the step of thoroughly commingling the sludge with an effective amount of aqueous solution containing a solute of sodium N- methyldithiocarbamate.
  • aqueous solution containing a solute of sodium N- methyldithiocarbamate.
  • sodium N- methyldithiocarbamate is considered a stable solution, but when diluted to form a weak solution decomposes releasing methyl-isothiocyanate gas.
  • methyl-isothiocyanate constitutes an effective biocide of pathogenic bacteria found in organic waste sludge
  • methyl-isothiocyanate alters the structure of primary or secondary amine groups of biologically important molecules of bacteria, such as peptides and proteins, forming substituted thioureas. These altered molecules appear to have inhibited enzymatic activity. Once enzymatic activity is sufficiently inhibited, the bacteria becomes non-viable. Since methyl-isothiocyanate reacts with a wide variety of biomolecules, it is an effective biocide for all known pathogenic bacteria found in organic waste sludges.
  • the invention herein discloses that thorough commingling of an organic waste sludge, containing approximately 50-80 percent (by weight) moisture content with an effective amount of aqueous solution containing a solute of a chemical salt which releases methyl-isothiocyanate gas when diluted, such as sodium N-methyldlthiocarbamate, is an effective biocide for helminth ova in such sludge.
  • aqueous solution containing a solute of a chemical salt which releases methyl-isothiocyanate gas when diluted, such as sodium N-methyldlthiocarbamate
  • helminth ova While no claim is made as to the exact reason that helminth ova are resistant to previously known salt solutions, it is believed that the outer casing of said ova is generally impervious to liquid penetration; thus water cannot carry biocidal salts to the ova itself. It is, however, known that the covering of helminth ova is permeable to at least some gases, as an oxygen exchange does occur across said casing (the ova will expire if maintained for a sufficient time in an oxygen deprived environment).
  • methyl-isothiocyanate releasing salts form an effective biocide for helminth ova
  • methyl-isothiocyanate gas is able to penetrate the covering of the ova, and once admitted to the ova itself is able to form thioureas on biologically essential molecules of the ova, altering the function of said molecules and thereby causing the ova to expire.
  • Such chemical salts include potassium N-methyldithiocarbamate and tetrahydro-3,5-dimethly-2H-1,3,5- thiadiazine-2-thione which are currently used as soil "fumigants", for control of germinating weeds, parasitic nematodes, fungi and insects.
  • Any alkali metal salts of monomethyldlthiocarbamate or monoalkyldithiocarbamate of any cation, such as sodium, potassium, lithium, cesium or heavier metals are also included in said class, but are more expensive to manufacture and not generally commercially available.
  • Alkaline earth metal salts such as magnesium, calcium, strontium, etc., of monomethyldlthiocarbamate or monoalkyldithiocarbamate are aiso included in the class, but would also be more expensive to manufacture and are less commercially available.
  • Whatever methyl-isothiocyanate gas releasing chemical salt, or plurality of salts, is employed in aqueous solution to exterminate pathogenic bacteria and helminth ova in organic waste sludges, the effective biocide of such organisms is methyi-isothiocyanate.
  • a concentration of as low as 40 parts per million of methyl-isothiocyanate releasing salt is effective as a biocide for pathogenic bacteria and helminth ova in an organic waste sludge, to provide a margin of safety in the preferred embodiment sufficient aqueous solution (which may vary according to the concentration of the solution) is thoroughly commingled with the organic waste sludge to be treated so that the admixture contains a concentration of at least 150 parts per million of methyl-isothiocyanate releasing salt. Concentrations as high as 1350 parts methyl-isothiocyanate releasing salt have been tested without any depletion of the nitrogen content of the sludge.
  • a portable double auger/paddle mixer such as a Roto-Mix 6000.
  • Use of portable apparatus such as the Roto-Mix 6000, permits treatment of non- disinfected waste sludge at their point of collection rather than having to transport dangerous and difficult to handle sludge to a permanently located facility.
  • Mixing should be of sufficient speed and duration to assure intimate commingling of sludge and disinfecting solution.
  • the Roto-Mix 6000 we have found that mixing at highest speed for approximately 5 minutes provides sufficient commingling to assure extermination of all pathogenic bacteria and helminth ova.
  • Other apparatus capable of intimately commingling a wet, sticky, cohesive mass with a relative quantity of liquid would be equally satisfactory.
  • the treated sludge is preferrably temporarily stored in a container, which may be atmosperically vented, for at approximately 24 hours to assure thorough penetration of methyl-isothiocyanate into remote crevices and the like which may exist in various particulate matter included in the sludge.
  • care is taken to avoid the addition of acidic substances to the sludge, as such substances are known to neutralize carbamate solutions and extinguish further methyl-isothiocyanate generation therefrom.
  • methyl-isothiocyanate generation has substantially ended, leaving only a small amount of chemical residue, primarily from the cationic metal (for example sodium, in the case of sodium N-methyldithiocarbamate usage), in the sludge.
  • the cationic metal for example sodium, in the case of sodium N-methyldithiocarbamate usage
  • said sludge may also be disinfected of enteric virus by alkaline treatment.
  • the methyl-isothiocyanate releasing salts described above have an additive effect on such treatments; that is, commingling said salts with the sludge increases the pH of the sludge, requiring less inclusion of aikaline solution to produce a pH sufficiently high (generally a pH of 12 or more) for extermination of enteric virus.
  • said sludge may also be treated with a water-based, electrolytic soil additive.
  • liquid ounces per ton of sludge produce at least two beneficial effects.
  • the wetting properties of such additive aids penetration of water, bearing dissolved methyl-isothiocyanate releasing salts, in and between the particulate matter of the sludge, thereby increasing the probability of methyl-isothiocyanate contact with all pathogenic bacteria and helminth ova that may be harboring therein.
  • inclusion of such electrolytic additive results in the disinfected sludge having improved qualities as a plant medium.
  • said sludge may also be conditioned, for recycling as a plant medium, by adding a hydrophilic polymer, such as potassium polyacrylate.
  • a hydrophilic polymer such as potassium polyacrylate.
  • Said polymer absorbs excess water from the sludge, effectively "drying" same, making the sludge less cohesive and easier to handle.
  • the addition of polymer also improves the water retention characteristic of the admixture, which produces a number of desirable effects. First, improved water retention characteristics reduce the ability of odoriferous molecules to escape from mixture, further reducing odor and vector attraction.
  • a final, also optional, step in making an easily usable agricultural medium is the inclusion of bulk, non-pathogenic organic and/or non-organic conditioning material.
  • non-infected conditioning material would, if practiced, occur after disinfection of the sludge as aforesaid is complete, in order to avoid using larger quantities of disinfecting chemicals which would be required to produce effective concentrations of said methyl-isothiocyanate releasing salts in a larger mass.
  • An almost endless variety of such materials may be used to bind the highly enriched organic sludge to particulate matter which tends to remain in place in soli and to impart desired soil conditioning characteristics to the end product.
  • Common organic conditioning material may include seed husks, hulls, shells, sawdust, ground animal shell and bones, boiler ash, crop stubble, leaves, hay, grass, charcoal, carbon black, diatomaceous earth and other non-pathogenic matter of biological origin.
  • Common non-organic conditioning material would include sand, mica, vermiculite, limestone and the like. Any amount of conditioning material may be included in the disinfected sludge to produce an end product having desired properties. Once these materials are blended with the sludge (especially sewer sludge), the cohesive texture of the sludge is further reduced. In the preferred embodiment sufficient conditioning material is usually included to produce an end product having the texture of a fine potting soil mixture.
  • Such texture facilitates application of the sludge to farm land with convention agricultural equipment or use as a potting soil .
  • approximately 1400 lbs of treated sludge was disinfected and thoroughly mixed with approximately 2800 lbs of sawdust.
  • the end product was a dark, finely divided, non-cohesive, powder having a slight scent of freshly tilled earth which was to be free of pathogenic bacteria and helminth ova.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
EP96933047A 1994-11-18 1996-09-11 Verfahren zur desinfektion von organischem abfallschlamm Expired - Lifetime EP0934232B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/341,801 US5575928A (en) 1994-11-18 1994-11-18 Process and product produced thereby for disinfection and agricultural reuse of organic sludges
PCT/US1996/014961 WO1998011023A1 (en) 1994-11-18 1996-09-11 Process for disinfecting organic waste sludge

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0934232A1 true EP0934232A1 (de) 1999-08-11
EP0934232A4 EP0934232A4 (de) 2000-01-12
EP0934232B1 EP0934232B1 (de) 2008-05-14

Family

ID=26791254

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96933047A Expired - Lifetime EP0934232B1 (de) 1994-11-18 1996-09-11 Verfahren zur desinfektion von organischem abfallschlamm

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5575928A (de)
EP (1) EP0934232B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2001500061A (de)
AT (1) ATE395307T1 (de)
AU (1) AU711581B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2265730C (de)
DE (1) DE69637526D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2308781T3 (de)
NZ (1) NZ335128A (de)
WO (1) WO1998011023A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7731859B2 (en) * 2006-07-10 2010-06-08 Ronald Eugene Woodruff Process for conditioning sewage sludge
WO2009020868A2 (en) 2007-08-04 2009-02-12 Rezzorb, Llc Method and apparatus for reducing fertilizer use in agricultural operations
EP2900066B1 (de) * 2012-09-25 2018-07-11 Buckman Laboratories International, Inc. Verfahren zur steigerung der bioziden effizienz von monoalkyldithiocarbamatsalzen
US9504252B2 (en) * 2014-08-01 2016-11-29 Buckman Laboratories International, Inc. Microbiocides and uses thereof
US10010827B2 (en) 2015-07-24 2018-07-03 Harry Buckholtz Process for treatment of sewage sludge
AU2019387109A1 (en) * 2018-11-26 2021-06-03 Edge Embossing, Inc. Thermoplastic forming tools, assemblages thereof, and methods of making and methods of use thereof

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3942970A (en) * 1971-11-08 1976-03-09 Orgonics, Inc. Process for treating sewage sludge and fertilizer products thereof
JPS5332122A (en) * 1976-09-03 1978-03-27 Tokyo Yuuki Kagaku Kougiyou Kk Stench suppressing agfnt
US4067896A (en) * 1976-11-15 1978-01-10 The Dow Chemical Company (Isothiocyanato-methoxy) biphenyls
JPS61204092A (ja) * 1985-03-06 1986-09-10 Mitsubishi Monsanto Chem Co 活性汚泥のバルキング防止剤及びそのバルキング防止方法
JPS62155994A (ja) * 1985-12-27 1987-07-10 Mitsubishi Monsanto Chem Co 活性汚泥のバルキング防止剤及びそのバルキング防止方法
US4935447A (en) * 1988-01-13 1990-06-19 Pfizer Inc. Agricultural gel-forming compositions
US5077314A (en) * 1988-01-13 1991-12-31 Pfizer Inc. Agricultural gel-forming compositions
ZA926552B (en) * 1991-09-20 1993-03-04 Lambertus Lochner Schooling Processing of sewage sludge.
JPH08231311A (ja) * 1995-02-23 1996-09-10 Jiyunsei Kagaku Kk 工業用防菌剤

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Section Ch, Week 197819 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class D22, AN 1978-33894A XP002123521 & JP 53 032122 A (TOKYO ORGANIC CHEM IND CO LTD), 27 March 1978 (1978-03-27) *
DATABASE WPI Section Ch, Week 199336 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class D15, AN 1993-288730 XP002123520 & ZA 9 206 552 A (SCHOOLING L L), 26 May 1993 (1993-05-26) *
DATABASE WPI Section Ch, Week 199646 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class A60, AN 1996-461221 XP002123522 & JP 08 231311 A (FUJI SANGYO CO LTD), 10 September 1996 (1996-09-10) *
See also references of WO9811023A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2308781T3 (es) 2008-12-01
NZ335128A (en) 1999-10-28
CA2265730A1 (en) 1998-03-19
JP2001500061A (ja) 2001-01-09
CA2265730C (en) 2008-07-08
EP0934232A4 (de) 2000-01-12
WO1998011023A1 (en) 1998-03-19
AU711581B2 (en) 1999-10-14
AU7161496A (en) 1998-04-02
DE69637526D1 (de) 2008-06-26
ATE395307T1 (de) 2008-05-15
US5575928A (en) 1996-11-19
EP0934232B1 (de) 2008-05-14

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