Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
  • H01F38/14—Inductive couplings

Definitions

• the field of the invention is that of the supply of electrical energy, for a load 5 of unknown value, without mechanical contact, especially outdoors and in public places.
• This support has many advantages, the main one being the very low acquisition cost for the user.
• the outlet is perfectly suited for most uses but poses inevitable problems for certain conditions of use. This is generally the case for sockets installed outside, in particular buried terminals, which are in contact with harsh environments due to their environment and conditions
• the electrical power distribution cabinets and the terminals are constantly “pushing" for multiple uses: tolls, security, lighting, telecommunications ...
• the profusion and 61 are constantly “pushing" for multiple uses: tolls, security, lighting, telecommunications ...
• a lock that seizes up, a valve that no longer closes, rough handling, are all causes of breakdowns related to the condition of retraction of the sockets and their access by a hatch.
• the invention in particular aims to overcome these drawbacks of the state of the art.
• An objective of the invention is to eliminate any mechanical connection interface and to permanently isolate the exterior of the electrical network by making the connection itself by a simple act which is not subject to failure, such as depositing an object on another.
• the invention relates to a system for the supply of electrical energy, in particular outdoors and in public places, comprising:
• a buried and / or walled part comprising a first inductive coil supplied by an electrical network.
• the power supply of the base is made, from the network, in single-phase or preferably, for a reason of transmitted power, in three-phase current generally 230 volts 50 or 60 Hertz (depending on the country), this frequency is amplified by a stage electronics fulfilling the function of a resonance inverter which supplies, using IGBT components, a chopped current at the frequency of approximately 20 Kz or more.
• the resulting current is led to the inductive coil at a voltage of around 350 V by a cord.
• the inductive coil is in the form of a plate of approximately 22.5 cm in diameter which houses 6 concentric turns. Each turn is the result of a braiding of approximately 1000 strands isolated each strand with a diameter of 0.18 mm.
• This first coil is provided with an intermediate output, which makes it possible to transmit only part of the power, and
• a mobile part, called terminal comprising a second inductive coil supplying at least one socket, and designed to be placed opposite said base so as to allow induction coupling between said first and second coils, so that the electrical energy received from said electrical network can be transmitted to said outlet without electrical connection between said base and said terminal.
• the electronics of the mobile part rectifies a current of 350 V picked up by the receiving plate which is transformed into 230 V alternating current by a conventional inverter stage to provide a power of approximately 4 to 6 W.
• said base has a sealed package, at least the part of which faces said terminal is made of a non-magnetic material.
• said first coil and / or said second coil are placed in a core made of magnetic material.
• Said magnetic material comprises for example ferrite, at least one rare earth, (cobalt) or a mixture of these materials.
• said base comprises first electronic means ensuring at least one of the functions belonging to the group comprising:
• the transmitting system self-protects by a relay circuit breaker. This accidental break in the power supply automatically opens the circuit breaker of the mobile terminal. The transmitting system automatically rearms beyond a defined time delay. To restart the mobile terminal, the user must manually reset the circuit breaker located on it and resume the general procedure for starting up the system. • transfer of data to a centralizing device, for example by modulation of the carrier current type on said electrical network. This may allow, for example, central billing of the power supply.
• said terminal comprises second electronic means ensuring the transformation of a high frequency electrical signal received by said second coil into a low frequency electrical signal intended to supply said socket.
• said terminal comprises at least one of the elements belonging to the group comprising: 1
• the system of the invention comprises means for promoting and / or controlling the positioning of said terminal opposite said base, belonging to the group comprising:
• optical means ensuring the transmission of an optical signal emitted in the visible or invisible spectrum, for example in infrared from said terminal to a corresponding sensor in said base.
• an infrared optical transmitter housed in the center of the magnet in the ring of the mobile terminal tray transmits information digital to the infrared optical receiver housed in the center of the magnet in the central ring of the base plate buried opposite. This two-way communication is permanent during system operation.
• the invention can also include means for locking said terminal on said base, preventing the withdrawal of said terminal as long as the energy transfer is effective. Said locking means advantageously use magnetic forces.
• the invention also relates to the terminals and bases of such a system.
• Figure 2 shows a base according to the invention, in section.
• Figures 6 and 7 show the same thing in an industrial version.
• Figure 3 illustrates, in more detail, in section, the components of a system according to the invention
• Figure 4 shows, in perspective, another presentation of a base and a terminal according to the invention.
• Figure 5 illustrates the operating principle of the invention.
• a portable socket (see also figure 1) containing a take-up coil with on-board electronics and incorporated female electrical sockets, to which the user connects.
• the source transmitter coil is buried. Completely static, it is enclosed in a sealed package and is presented at ground level in the form of a circular induction hob with a coating suitable for public spaces and in particular non-slip and discreet.
• the base rests on the ground. The whole emerges half a centimeter from the ground on which it is fixed.
• the monobloc assembly is itself fitted into a lost well.
• the bases are not a constraint capable of conditioning the use of the platform to a single activity, and this thus extends its use value to multiple uses such as markets, local entertainment. or commercial or sporting events. Hardly visible at eye level, they do not disfigure the squares and respect tourist sites. All the bases can be used by all those who have a corresponding induction socket. In the case of markets, the induction socket behaves like a standard multiple socket. More generally, the user will be able to obtain differentiated services by placing receiving coils dedicated to multiple uses on the base, for example a lighting chandelier which lights up by simple positioning on a base or safety signs on track or light beacon made using the bases as possible grids.
• the bases are inert sub-assemblies which can be installed simply and economically using suitable tools. Unlike the traditional underground solution, using the induction solution, the investor only directly finances the infrastructure for installing the studs because the sockets themselves are fully or partially taken care of by individual or collective customers.
• the buried base is delivered in the form of a hollowed-out concrete cube, covered with a visible metal plate (see Figure 7) on the ground on which the structural drawings facilitate the centering of the mobile terminal and promote air circulation suitable for cooling the transmitter plate when it is covered by the mobile terminal.
• This cube is housed the electronic unit.
• This assembly is waterproof, it is placed in a well dug for this purpose and connected with the external electricity distribution network by an electrical distribution cable leaving the cube.
• a device surrounding the housing makes it possible to distribute and evacuate the calories emitted by the internal electronics in the manner of the radiators fixed on the power transistors. . See figure 7. Special feature of the transmitter board.
• the circular emitting plate visible on the ground is covered with a plastic element (see FIG. 6) of a design such that it ensures effective protection of the plate and that it retains its initial shape without undergoing deformations following the cumulative heat of the sun, the transmitting coil and the receiving coil of the terminal placed on it.
• This protective part in the form of an overturned plate whose edges are sandwiched between the metal plate visible on the ground and the concrete cover on which this plate is fixed.
• This system itself seals the transmitter tray between the public road and the buried base and allows, if necessary, a simple repair and exchange intervention.
• the installation time of the studs is reduced due to the simplicity of installation and suitable tools.
• a plate on the ground withstands the marine environment of ports better than the traditional costly outlets for maintenance in these environments.
• the stud does not require any particular maintenance.
• Compact and waterproof in design it is designed to withstand the conditions of use of public platforms - cleaning - vehicle wheels - etc. and respects security constraints vis-à-vis the various layers of the human and animal population.
• Their very operating principle means that they can only be activated in the presence of a receiving coil socket, which gives them operational reliability.
• the bases are marked on the ground and the network of studs can of course be connected to a self-service electricity distribution terminal like those available to electric vehicles. In the latter case - the electronic payment terminals in question having already been tested through multiple installations on the streets and in car parks - the maintenance of the electronic payment terminal system and associated network will be considerably reduced due to the total absence of parts associated mechanics.
• the terminal, or portable induction socket ffigure 1)
• the portable outlet contains a take-up coil with a female electrical outlet incorporated in the case of applications for marketplaces and in the distribution of electrical energy in general. Totally static, it is enclosed in a sealed packaging and is in the form of a cylindrical cover which is placed over the stud. It has two handles for easy transport and several sheltered sockets that deliver electricity.
• the mobile bollard is proportioned and designed in order to highlight the carrying handle, to limit the height of fall of the bollard when it is transported, to favor a simple assembly and to make its disassembly impossible without destruction. It aims to be of a form familiar to users and of simplified ergonomics without reference to electronics. Attached is the drawing of the terminal in Figure 8. The mobile terminal is made up during its assembly phase:
• the electronic module of the terminal is installed with a single manipulation in the hull, after having connected the equipment by snap-action of the receiving plate in the rubber crown at the base of the hull. This operation is only reversible with appropriate tools. Specific tools are made to allow the module to be force-fitted into the terminal, the latter being assembled upside down.
• This terminal known as a mobile terminal, itself houses an inductive transceiver allowing the reading and writing of digital information coming from so-called contactless cards in order to allow the user to start his terminal and to pay for his electricity himself. to an electronic wallet.
• This electronic payment system can be installed in each mobile terminal; it complements the operating modes defined below under the heading: description of operating modes.
• the portable induction plug is stored with the user or the manager of the outlet fleet. It is therefore invisible outside the period of use.
• Household, heating, lighting or kitchen appliances can be fitted with an integrated transmission socket or connected to an induction socket.
• the block complies with the security constraints vis-à-vis the different layers of the population, in particular allowing rapid disconnection in the event of an anomaly.
• Transmissions of digital information between the socket and the network can allow personalized recognition of the user.
• Electronic access keys or even all-purpose terminals for security services can thus be programmed.
• Maintenance is not absent from this system but is considerably limited and respects the urgency. It does not take care of the pads, but only the connection to the network. A broken pad does not require intervention on the site but only an exchange.
• One solution is to have one or two pads available on the market for maintenance needs.
• the exchange service for the terminals can be delegated to the concessionaire or to a specialized maintenance company.
• the invention therefore relates to the provision of electrical energy in public or private places exposed for example to outdoor atmospheric conditions (places where it is not desired a profusion of fixed urban material on the surface (for example public places) but where there is a temporary need for energy (market days, fairgrounds, ballroom lighting, ...) of low power, less than 10 kW for example.
• This new contactless connection system is intended to replace the existing electrical connections by plugs of the male-female type.
• This system is composed of:
• the buried part is the source of energy. It is placed in a concrete well into which the low-voltage electrical network arrives. Once connected to the network, it is bolted to the ground. A seal placed underneath prevents any water infiltration.
• the set is designed for quick connection and exchange of sources. Its apparent surface at ground level is made of non-magnetic material, non-slip and provided with appropriate signage. Its mechanical strength allows the passage of an automobile.
• the source consists of control electronics associated with an inductive coil placed in a core of magnetic materials of ferrite type or rare te ⁇ es (cobalt ...) which creates the magnetic field. The advantage of this type of material is allow strong couplings with reduced losses while having a directive magnetic field.
• the control electronics have several roles:
• the mobile part includes:
• control electronics to transform the received HF signal into usable current / voltage
• It can also be fitted with a card reader (or other similar portable object) enabling the distribution to be associated with a payment. Its weight allows it to be transported by one person (less than 10 kg).
• This mobile part can be dedicated by being equipped for example with a lamppost, a light security cone, emergency electrical equipment, etc.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
• Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
• Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
• Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
• Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
• Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=26233153

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (31)

Family Cites Families (14)

• 1997
  • 1997-12-01 FR FR9715068A patent/FR2765736B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-12-02 US US09/319,073 patent/US6219267B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-12-02 CA CA002274005A patent/CA2274005A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-12-02 EP EP97948978A patent/EP0943149B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-12-02 AT AT97948978T patent/ATE250276T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-12-02 DE DE69724995T patent/DE69724995T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-12-02 WO PCT/FR1997/002177 patent/WO1998027561A1/fr not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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