EP0946776B1 - Verfahren zum kleberfreien glühen von buntmetallteilen - Google Patents
Verfahren zum kleberfreien glühen von buntmetallteilen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0946776B1 EP0946776B1 EP97951214A EP97951214A EP0946776B1 EP 0946776 B1 EP0946776 B1 EP 0946776B1 EP 97951214 A EP97951214 A EP 97951214A EP 97951214 A EP97951214 A EP 97951214A EP 0946776 B1 EP0946776 B1 EP 0946776B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- protective gas
- annealing
- gas atmosphere
- oxide layer
- inert
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018605 Ni—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silver Chemical compound [Ni].[Ag] MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010956 nickel silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for avoiding glue when glowing Non-ferrous metal alloys with the phases of heating up, holding, cooling down Annealing material during the structural transformation of an inert or oxidizing Protective gas atmosphere is exposed, causing during this time on the surface of the annealing material, a thin oxide layer is formed and / or an existing one Oxide layer is retained, which is a sticking together of non-ferrous metal parts prevented, especially in a hood furnace.
- Non-ferrous metal parts such as bronze wire or ribbon
- Non-ferrous metal parts are after the Casting and a forming process of a homogenizing annealing subject. After that, other forming operations, such as rollers, take turns or pulling, and recrystallization annealing performed.
- the annealing temperatures are between 300 ° C and 700 ° C.
- the glow is in Continuous furnaces performed, which in view of the mostly small cross sections of the Parts is a relatively large effort.
- annealing bundles e.g. is possible in hood furnaces the contact points of the parts, e.g. between individual turns of wound wire or tape, due to local diffusion processes Diffusion welding, so-called glue. These cause at Further processing, i.e. during unwinding, material tears on the surface. This results in surface defects. Unless they cause a committee, elaborate rework is required. So glues are on annealed Non-ferrous metal parts are of course highly undesirable.
- Nonferrous metals are alloys with the main components copper, Tin, aluminum and lead understood, with numerous other components such as magnesium, nickel, etc.
- the accompanying elements accumulate and form as oxides on the surface a passivation layer that increases the corrosion resistance, the Oxidation of these - relatively base - elements is essentially irreversible.
- the Accompanying elements are usually only present in a proportion of less than approx. 1% that these small proportions are not sufficient to cause low-melting phases form, which are already sweating when heating up, so the problem of gluing does not occur in the known method.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method with which Non-ferrous metal parts, especially non-ferrous metal coils, annealed without glue in bell-type furnaces and can be removed with a bare surface.
- This task is based on the procedure mentioned at the beginning solved according to the invention in that the inert or oxidizing Shielding gas atmosphere at the end of the holding phase or at the beginning of the cooling phase is exchanged for a reducing atmosphere, which is the oxide layer reduced and a smooth surface of the treated parts guaranteed.
- Fig. 1 shows the state diagram of copper-tin alloys.
- the ⁇ crystal at 520 ° C eutectoid decays into ⁇ + ⁇ , and the ⁇ phase changes at a temperature of about 350 ° C in turn eutectoid in ⁇ + ⁇ um, with the compound Cu 31 Sn 8 the ⁇ phase and Cu 3 Sn the ⁇ phase.
- This transformation is extremely slow, so that even if they have been slowly cooled, technical alloys have ( ⁇ + ⁇ ) eutectoid in the final state.
- the tin concentration differences within a crystal can be up to 10% be. Homogenization annealing aims at these differences balance as much as possible. A dissolution of the ⁇ component is found in the glow in the Range of 650 ° C to 700 ° C reached, which significantly increases the Elongation occurs. The tensile strength increases with increasing elongation.
- Copper-tin alloys are usually cast in an air atmosphere and mostly cold formed. This means that the surface is strongly oxidized. During a subsequent homogenization annealing therefore currently working with strongly reducing protective gas atmospheres.
- the hydrogen content of conventional protective gases is up to about 100% by volume.
- the oxides are already reduced in the heating phase. Through the reduction the oxides, which is accompanied by exudation on the surface, become the The surfaces of wire or tape are bright after the annealing treatment, but they stick strongly. Further processing involves mechanical reworking of the Surface ahead and is therefore very time-consuming and costly.
- FIG. 2 An example of such a treatment is explained in FIG. 2.
- a gas mixture with 15% by volume CO 2 (rest N 2 ) ensured the preservation of the oxide layers present in the heating and holding time and was already cold depending on the alloying elements, for example during intermediate annealing Formed wires, even at temperatures of 400 ° C, cause additional oxidation due to the CO 2 content.
- the protective coating of the surface with a thin oxide layer prevented the exudation from the annealing material and the batches were annealed without glue.
- better conditions were created for the homogenization process.
- the N 2 / CO 2 protective gas atmosphere was exchanged for a pure hydrogen atmosphere at the end of the holding time.
- strongly reducing conditions were created for the end of the holding time and for the cooling time, and the oxide layers protecting against sticking were broken down.
- the batches were annealed bright and glue-free.
- the heat treatment of wire cast in air which is already a has a pronounced oxide layer, would also be in the holding phase with an inert Protective gas atmosphere possible, e.g. with pure nitrogen.
- the oxide layer could then reduced in the cooling phase with hydrogen to a to achieve a bright annealing result.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
Description
Die nach außen offenen Korngrenzen sind vermutlich die Stellen, an denen durch eine Umwandlung einer noch nicht homogenen Struktur eine niedrig schmelzende Zinnphase ausgeschwitzt wird. Da beim Glühen von Bunden die Windungen dicht beieinander liegen, entstehen dadurch die als Kleber bezeichneten Brücken, die eine festgeschmolzene Verbindung zweier benachbarter Oberflächen bilden. in weiteren Versuchen wurde der Wasserstoffanteil in der Schutzgasatmosphäre ständig verringert. Es wurde beobachtet, daß mit Abnahme des Reduktionsvermögens der Schutzgasatmosphäre das Ausschwitzen immer geringer wurde. Schließlich wurden Versuche mit inerten bzw. oxidierenden Schutzgasatmosphären durchgeführt, wobei als Oxidationsmittel Kohlendioxid verwendet wurde.
| Versuchsparameter Bronzedraht-Behandlunq | |||
| T°C | CO2% | H2% | |
| 0 | 25 | 15 | 0 |
| 1 | 290 | 15 | 0 |
| 2 | 530 | 15 | 0 |
| 3 | 700 | 15 | 0 |
| 4 | 700 | 15 | 0 |
| 5 | 700 | 15 | 0 |
| 6 | 700 | 15 | 0 |
| 7 | 700 | 15 | 0 |
| 8 | 700 | 15 | 0 |
| 9 | 700 | 0 | 100 |
| 10 | 700 | 0 | 100 |
| 11 | 500 | 0 | 100 |
Claims (6)
- Verfahren zum Vermeiden von Klebern beim Glühen von Buntmetallegierungen mit den Phasen Aufheizen, Halten, Abkühlen, wobei das Glühgut während der Strukturumwandlung einer inerten oder oxidierenden Schutzgasatmosphäre ausgesetzt wird, wodurch in dieser Zeit an der Oberfläche des Glühguts eine dünne Oxidschicht gebildet wird und/oder eine vorhandene Oxidschicht erhalten bleibt, die ein Zusammenkleben von Buntmetallteilen verhindert,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die inerte oder oxidierende Schutzgasatmosphäre am Ende der Haltephase oder am Anfang der Abkühlphase gegen eine reduzierende Atmosphäre ausgetauscht wird, die die Oxidschicht reduziert und eine blanke Oberfläche der behandelten Teile gewährleistet. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine inerte Schutzgasatmosphäre aus N2 besteht. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine oxidierende Schutzgasatmosphäre Kohlendioxid enthält. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens 10 Vol.-% Kohlendioxid verwendet werden. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die inerte oder oxidierende Schutzgasatmosphäre gegen eine wasserstoffhaltige Atmosphäre ausgetauscht wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die wasserstoffhaltige Atmosphäre eine reine Wasserstoffatmosphäre ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19652607 | 1996-12-18 | ||
| DE19652607A DE19652607A1 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 1996-12-18 | Verfahren zum kleberfreien Glühen von Buntmetallteilen |
| PCT/EP1997/006394 WO1998027243A1 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-11-17 | Verfahren zum kleberfreien glühen von buntmetallteilen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0946776A1 EP0946776A1 (de) | 1999-10-06 |
| EP0946776B1 true EP0946776B1 (de) | 2001-12-19 |
Family
ID=7815081
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97951214A Expired - Lifetime EP0946776B1 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-11-17 | Verfahren zum kleberfreien glühen von buntmetallteilen |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6159307A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0946776B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2001506317A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE211184T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19652607A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2170425T3 (de) |
| TW (1) | TW486521B (de) |
| UA (1) | UA47512C2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1998027243A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6457992B2 (en) * | 1999-02-08 | 2002-10-01 | 3Com Corporation | Visual feedback system for electronic device |
| JP2010248593A (ja) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-11-04 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | 電気・電子部品用銅合金材およびその製造方法 |
| NO345511B1 (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2021-03-22 | Norsk Hydro As | Method for and equipment for suppressing discoloration of Al-Mg products |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US896811A (en) * | 1908-02-06 | 1908-08-25 | Edison Storage Battery Co | Metallic film for use with storage-battery electrodes and process of preparing the same. |
| US1815505A (en) * | 1929-11-15 | 1931-07-21 | Oscar J Wilbor | Bright annealing of metals |
| DE669520C (de) * | 1937-11-06 | 1938-12-28 | Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk | Verfahren zum Verhueten des Zusammenbackens von Draehten, Blechen oder Baendern, insbesondere aus Schwermetallen, beim Blankgluehen |
| US2379736A (en) * | 1939-11-06 | 1945-07-03 | Nat Agrol Company Inc | Method of making a catalyst and resulting product |
| US2320962A (en) * | 1941-09-26 | 1943-06-01 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Treatment of copper-oxide rectifiers with nitrogen |
| US2810667A (en) * | 1952-10-14 | 1957-10-22 | Siemens Ag | Process for heat-treating metals in a space containing a non-oxidizing protective gas atmosphere |
| JPS5510903A (en) * | 1978-07-07 | 1980-01-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Juicer |
| JPS6053106B2 (ja) * | 1979-02-01 | 1985-11-22 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 無酸素銅線素材 |
| JPS57185963A (en) * | 1981-05-07 | 1982-11-16 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Annealing method for copper or copper alloy material |
| DE3234863C2 (de) * | 1982-09-21 | 1986-04-10 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Blankglühen von metallischen Werkstücken mit Stickstoff als Schutzgas |
| US4443274A (en) * | 1982-12-03 | 1984-04-17 | Olin Corporation | Process for forming a protective film on Cu-Sn alloys |
| JPS613876A (ja) * | 1984-06-19 | 1986-01-09 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | 耐食性に優れた銅合金及び同合金の表面処理方法 |
| DE4207394C1 (de) * | 1992-03-09 | 1993-02-11 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt, De |
-
1996
- 1996-12-18 DE DE19652607A patent/DE19652607A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1997
- 1997-11-15 TW TW086117093A patent/TW486521B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-17 AT AT97951214T patent/ATE211184T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-17 JP JP52722498A patent/JP2001506317A/ja active Pending
- 1997-11-17 DE DE59705922T patent/DE59705922D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-17 EP EP97951214A patent/EP0946776B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-17 UA UA99074129A patent/UA47512C2/uk unknown
- 1997-11-17 ES ES97951214T patent/ES2170425T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-17 WO PCT/EP1997/006394 patent/WO1998027243A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1997-11-17 US US09/319,858 patent/US6159307A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| UA47512C2 (uk) | 2002-07-15 |
| JP2001506317A (ja) | 2001-05-15 |
| EP0946776A1 (de) | 1999-10-06 |
| DE59705922D1 (de) | 2002-01-31 |
| ATE211184T1 (de) | 2002-01-15 |
| WO1998027243A1 (de) | 1998-06-25 |
| US6159307A (en) | 2000-12-12 |
| DE19652607A1 (de) | 1998-06-25 |
| TW486521B (en) | 2002-05-11 |
| ES2170425T3 (es) | 2002-08-01 |
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