EP0948706A1 - Dispositif pour melanger l'air et le carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur a combustion interne - Google Patents

Dispositif pour melanger l'air et le carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur a combustion interne

Info

Publication number
EP0948706A1
EP0948706A1 EP97910192A EP97910192A EP0948706A1 EP 0948706 A1 EP0948706 A1 EP 0948706A1 EP 97910192 A EP97910192 A EP 97910192A EP 97910192 A EP97910192 A EP 97910192A EP 0948706 A1 EP0948706 A1 EP 0948706A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
gear
wheel
paddle wheel
driven
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97910192A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Siegfried Franz Leithinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TK Design AG
Original Assignee
TK Design AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TK Design AG filed Critical TK Design AG
Publication of EP0948706A1 publication Critical patent/EP0948706A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/06—Valve members or valve-seats with means for guiding or deflecting the medium controlled thereby, e.g. producing a rotary motion of the drawn-in cylinder charge
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for mixing air and fuel in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the invention causes the intake air to swirl in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, which then immediately helps to improve the mixing of air and fuel.
  • With sufficient fine mixing with air even substances such as flour or sugar will explode, which would otherwise burn poorly, because with a fine distribution they offer the radicals of an igniting spark a large surface with many points of attack. In the petrol engine, the flame front spreads explosively, starting with the spark plug.
  • the environmentally harmful nitrogen oxides (NO) are formed in the places with the highest temperatures. However, the more homogeneous the mixture previously generated, the more balanced the temperature values in the combustion and accordingly the NO formation is reduced.
  • Today the combustion processes are studied using laser technology. If a very sharply focused laser beam is sent through a flame, it hits molecules there. A part of the laser light is scattered by them, the molecules of different substances reacting to laser light of different wavelengths in a characteristic way. These variations leave Infer the flame chemistry.
  • a pulsed laser beam provides snapshots of a combustion that take just a few billionths of a second. With the help of such methods, great efforts are being made today to optimize the combustion process.
  • the aim of optimizing combustion was to optimize the combustion chamber, to change the ignition timing, if necessary by using several spark plugs, to optimally spray the fuel with the injection nozzle, or to pre-mix the fuel with the intake air in the intake duct, further by changing the Compression and by optimizing the gas exchange to achieve such a combustion that ensures the highest possible performance with low consumption and minimal exhaust gas values and while maintaining knock resistance.
  • a device for mixing air and fuel in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine takes place via intake and exhaust valves, which is distinguished by the fact that a rotatable paddle wheel is mounted directly behind the valve plate on the valve stem of the intake valve, so that the intake air Air must flow through this paddle wheel when the valve is actuated between the valve plate and valve seat.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a cylinder and cylinder head of an engine with the device for mixing air and fuel in the combustion chamber, with the intake valve retracted;
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a cylinder and cylinder head of an injection engine with the device according to FIG. 1, with the inlet valve extended, at the moment of fuel injection;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a drive variant for the paddle wheel.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the device of Figure 1 with a contactless drive of the paddle wheel.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross section through the upper part of the cylinder 1 and the cylinder head 2 of an engine. Piston 3 is also shown in cylinder 1.
  • at least one inlet 4 and one outlet valve 5 are accommodated in the cylinder head 2.
  • These valves 4.5 consist of valve plate 6.7 and valve stem 8.9 and are loaded by means of valve springs, so that they are pulled into their valve seats 12, 13 by means of these pressure springs. In Figure 1, however, only the valve spring 11 of the exhaust valve is shown.
  • Valves 4, 5 are actuated at the top by the cams of a camshaft mounted above the valve stems but not shown here.
  • valve actuation can also be carried out by means of other known constructions, for example by valve tappets which are actuated by a camshaft via rocker arms, and by other known constructions.
  • the essence of the invention is now a paddle wheel 10, which is rotatably mounted on the valve stem 8 of the inlet valve 4 immediately behind the valve plate 6.
  • This paddle wheel 10 is preferably a wheel with blades made from ceramic, aluminum or from a suitable light metal alloy. So that there is space behind the valve plate 6, the space in the cylinder head 2 is slightly enlarged by turning it out.
  • the paddle wheel 10 is placed over the valve stem 8 from behind held thereon by means of an LNOX lock washer 14 which engages in a circular groove provided on the valve stem 8.
  • FIG. 2 shows the same cross section as FIG. 1, but now with the inlet valve 4 extended or actuated.
  • the paddle wheel 10 projects almost completely into the combustion chamber of the engine. It is mechanically or electrically driven and rotated rapidly to swirl the air flowing through the valve.
  • the drive is implemented by a gearwheel drive, the camshaft 16 serving as the power source.
  • This mechanical drive variant is shown schematically in FIG.
  • Two pins 17, 18 are slidably guided in axially extending bores 27, 28 in two opposite blades of the impeller 10. Depending on that, a single pen of this type may be sufficient, or a plurality may be chosen.
  • these pins 17, 18 already end after a short distance in the axial bores 27, 28 in the impeller.
  • the paddle wheel 10 is slipped further over the two pins 17, 18.
  • a gear 19 is arranged so as to be rotatable about the valve stem.
  • the pins 17, 18 are firmly anchored in this gear 19 so that they rotate with the gear 19.
  • this gear wheel can drive the paddle wheel 10 in a space-saving manner via the pins 17, 18.
  • the gear 19 is in engagement with a further spur gear 20, which sits at the end of a drive shaft 21 which is guided through the cylinder head.
  • a bevel gear 22 which is in engagement with a further bevel gear 23, which itself is also driven via a bevel gear 24 and an output shaft 25 by a bevel gear 26 seated on camshaft 16.
  • the drive mechanism can also be designed in such a way that a single output shaft drives a side shaft which drives several bevel gears for each valve to be operated.
  • the gear ratios themselves are not shown here, but only a possible drive principle. These gear ratios can be designed as needed to ensure that better swirl is achieved at all speeds.
  • the shaft 21 or the shaft 25 is driven by an electric motor.
  • the electric motor can drive a single output shaft in the same way, which in turn drives a side shaft that drives several bevel gears for each valve to be operated.
  • This variant has the advantage that the speed of the paddle wheel can be regulated independently of the engine speed. A microprocessor control can even be used for this, which takes into account several suitable parameters. As a result, the speed of the paddle wheel can be optimized even further in order to achieve good turbulence in every operating state of the engine.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further variant of the device according to the invention, in which the paddle wheel 10 is driven without contact.
  • a magnetic wheel 32 is arranged in a recess 31 in the cylinder head 2, approximately at the level of the impeller 10, about the axis 34, which runs approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the valve stem 8.
  • the recess 31 in the cylinder head is just so deep that the magnetic wheel 32 is separated from the paddle wheel 10 only by a thin wall of the cylinder head 2 in the area of the inlet duct.
  • the magnetic fields of the magnetic wheel 32 act on the paddle wheel 10, which is made of magnetic material and consists of individual segments.
  • the magnetic wheel 32 is shown in perspective on the upper right edge of the picture.
  • the distance between the magnet of the magnetic wheel 32 and the blade of the blade wheel 10 now becomes ever smaller, and then again larger, but at the same time the distance of the next magnetic segment with reverse polarity to the next blade of the blade wheel 10 decreases, that is, the attraction increases and this one The magnet in turn exerts a torque on this subsequent blade of the impeller 10 with its magnetic force.
  • the paddle wheel 10 also rotates due to the changing magnetic fields of the magnetic wheel 32.
  • the magnetic wheel 32 can be driven by an electric motor, for example, via the belt wheel 33, which is permanently connected to the axle 34.
  • the speed of the electric motor can be set independently of the internal combustion engine by means of a conventional electronic control and thus the speed of the paddle wheel can also be regulated.
  • a rotation is superimposed on the sucked-in air, which flows through the valve 4 and is indicated by arrows in FIG. 2, which causes a strong swirling of the intake air in the combustion chamber.
  • its rotational speed can also be varied, for example, depending on the amount of air drawn in.
  • the paddle wheel 10 itself is continuously cooled by the intake air and also lubricated by the fuel.
  • one or the other direction of rotation can prove to be advantageous in order to achieve an optimal swirl.
  • the blades are arranged such that the blade wheel 10 rotates clockwise when viewed from above during operation.
  • FIG. 2 also shows the fuel injection that can be implemented in an injection engine.
  • the injection nozzle 15 for the fuel is arranged in the cylinder head in such a way that the fuel, be it gasoline or diesel, is sprayed directly onto the rotating blade wheel 10. There, it bounces off the rapidly rotating wheel blades and is thereby nebulized hyper-finely and intimately mixed with the air in the subsequent swirling.
  • a fuel-air mixture already flows through the intake valve in carburetor engines. This is also greatly refined by means of the paddle wheel 10 and thus mixed more intimately.
  • the combustion according to the invention becomes more efficient. On an existing engine, this means reduced fuel consumption for a certain output or even increased output for a given fuel consumption. At high engine speeds, the effect of mechanical drive is particularly noticeable because the speed of the impeller 10 at the inlet valve 4 is then highest. At the same time, the swirling and mixing of fuel and air is more critical at high revs because less time is available. This is where the device comes in and has a compensating effect on the time pressure for the mixing.
  • the device is extremely easy to implement in practical engine construction. It does not require any fundamental changes to the engine concept, but merely represents an addition to the existing valve construction, whereby an existing cylinder head only has to be slightly modified by turning the space in the area above the valve seat a little lower.
  • the paddle wheel 10 itself is of such low mass that the inertia of the valve 4 is hardly changed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Ce dispositif est utile dans des moteurs à combustion interne dans lesquels les échanges gazeux se font à travers des soupapes d'admission (4) et de sortie (5). Le dispositif comprend une roue à palettes (10) montée directement derrière la tête de soupape (6) sur la tige de soupape (8) de la soupape d'admission (4). Lorsque la soupape (4) est actionnée, l'air aspiré s'écoule entre la tête de soupape (6) et le siège de soupape (12) à travers la roue à palettes (10) à commande mécanique ou électrique. La roue à palettes (10) imprime un mouvement de rotation au courant de gaz, faisant mieux tourbillonner le gaz, ce qui entraîne un mélange plus intime d'air et de carburant dans la chambre de combustion. Dans le cas d'un moteur à injection, la buse d'injection (15) peut être directement orientée sur la roue à palettes en rotation (10), de sorte que le carburant soit projeté sur celle-ci et mieux atomisé.
EP97910192A 1996-11-12 1997-11-12 Dispositif pour melanger l'air et le carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur a combustion interne Withdrawn EP0948706A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH279596 1996-11-12
CH279596 1996-11-12
CH82697 1997-04-09
CH82697 1997-04-09
PCT/CH1997/000428 WO1998021452A1 (fr) 1996-11-12 1997-11-12 Dispositif pour melanger l'air et le carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur a combustion interne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0948706A1 true EP0948706A1 (fr) 1999-10-13

Family

ID=25685816

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97910192A Withdrawn EP0948706A1 (fr) 1996-11-12 1997-11-12 Dispositif pour melanger l'air et le carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur a combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0948706A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001504191A (fr)
AU (1) AU4769997A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998021452A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0125630D0 (en) * 2001-10-25 2001-12-19 Ma Thomas T Charge motion control valve
KR101025824B1 (ko) * 2008-12-29 2011-03-30 곽상신 연료분배장치
CN101892880A (zh) * 2010-07-14 2010-11-24 四川三鑫南蕾气门座制造有限公司 龙卷风气门座圈
CN105401997A (zh) * 2015-10-30 2016-03-16 重庆奇甫机械有限责任公司 具有支流道的螺旋导流冲钠气门
CN105240077A (zh) * 2015-10-30 2016-01-13 重庆奇甫机械有限责任公司 具有螺旋叶片的螺旋腔冲钠气门
FR3092613B1 (fr) * 2019-02-07 2022-06-24 Renault Sas Soupape d’admission pour moteur Diesel
JP7722053B2 (ja) * 2021-08-27 2025-08-13 株式会社Ihi エンジンおよび発電システム

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR817272A (fr) * 1936-05-09 1937-08-31 Soupape avec dispositif auto-rotatif pour moteurs à combustion ou à explosion
DE3208405A1 (de) * 1982-03-09 1983-09-22 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Einrichtung zur erzeugung einer drallbewegung der zylinderladung fuer ventilgesteuerte kolbenbrennkraftmaschinen
JPS60230513A (ja) * 1984-04-27 1985-11-16 Hino Motors Ltd 内燃機関の吸気通路

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9821452A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998021452A1 (fr) 1998-05-22
AU4769997A (en) 1998-06-03
JP2001504191A (ja) 2001-03-27

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