EP0950859B1 - Séparateur pour chambre de combustion à deux têtes - Google Patents
Séparateur pour chambre de combustion à deux têtes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0950859B1 EP0950859B1 EP99400918A EP99400918A EP0950859B1 EP 0950859 B1 EP0950859 B1 EP 0950859B1 EP 99400918 A EP99400918 A EP 99400918A EP 99400918 A EP99400918 A EP 99400918A EP 0950859 B1 EP0950859 B1 EP 0950859B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tiles
- sectors
- walls
- combustion chamber
- heads
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/34—Feeding into different combustion zones
Definitions
- the two heads are delimited in the chamber end, by a ring called separator and thus form two concentric ferrules.
- This separator is a critical element in the design of the room because it is subjected to longitudinal stresses and tangential during operation of the chamber.
- the separator ring is consisting of a plurality of sectors arranged circumferentially at some distance from each other.
- Such a ring is disclosed in document EP-A-564170.
- the external walls of the separator are subject to very high temperatures, moreover, intersections of these separators are favorable for recirculation hot gases between the two heads.
- the object of the invention is to thermally protect the outer walls of the sectors and prevent recirculation of gases between the two heads.
- the invention therefore relates to an annular combustion chamber comprising two concentric heads offset radially one by relative to each other and delimited in the back of the room by a ring gas separator, one of the heads, called the pilot head, operating at idle and full throttle, and the other head, called the take-off head, operating at full gas speed, said separator ring comprising a plurality of elementary sectors disposed circumferentially at a certain distance from each other and fixed on sheets from the bottom of chamber, each sector being shaped into an elongated hollow body, cooled by air circulation from upstream from the bottom of chamber, entering said sector and escaping in both heads through the walls of said sector by a plurality of orifices.
- This combustion chamber is characterized by the fact that said areas are thermally protected by two sets of tiles covering respectively the upper and lower walls of said sectors, the tiles of the said series being arranged astride two adjacent and remote areas of said walls to allow air cooling circulate in the space thus created, orifices being formed in said tiles to allow the escape of air from cooling in both heads.
- the drawing shows a combustion chamber 1 of a combustion with two gas turbine heads, delimited by a wall external annular and an internal annular wall, symmetrical of revolution around a common axis, as well as through a chamber bottom 2 connecting the downstream ends of the two annular walls and partially mounted on figure 1.
- the bottom of chamber 2 is equipped with two groups of injectors fuel distributed over concentric annular rings, different diameters.
- the injectors of the external group pass through holes 3 of axis Y1 formed in the chamber bottom 2 and cooperate for the fueling of the fuel with air passages passing through the bottom 2 and the walls of enclosure 1.
- These fuel injectors closest to the wall are intended to operate, being alone in service, at idling speed, and constitute fuel injectors for the pilot head.
- Internal group injectors also pass through holes 4 Y2 axis formed in the bottom of chamber 2 and are intended for operate at full throttle or takeoff on an equipped aircraft of said gas turbine.
- a gas separator assembly 10 of generally annular shape, fixed on the bottom of chamber 2, is interposed between the two groups injectors. This separator assembly 10 constitutes a projection the interior of the combustion chamber 1 relative to the chamber bottom 2.
- the separator assembly 10 gas is constituted by a plurality of elementary hollow sectors 11, of elongated shape, which are arranged circumferentially at a certain distance x from each other and which are each fixed on sheets 12, 13 of the chamber bottom 2 by fixing means 14 distinct from those from other sectors.
- the sheets 12 and 13 of the chamber bottom 2 are put in forms so as to form, on the side of the combustion chamber 1, a annular groove 15 of inverted U-section of 90 °, and in the bottom of which is engaged the upstream part 16 of each elementary sector 11.
- Each elementary sector 11 has, in addition to the part upstream 16, of inverted U section, which engages in the bottom of the groove 15 of the chamber bottom 2, an upper wall 17 and a wall lower 18 which are connected at their downstream ends 19, so as to form a corner in the combustion chamber 1, and the ends of which respective upstream 20 and 21 are connected to the wings of the upstream part 16, by connecting walls 22 and 23 which form recesses in such a way that the upstream parts of the walls upper 17 and lower 18 are separated from the sheets 12 respectively and 13 and delimit with the latter annular spaces 24, 25.
- the upper wall 17 includes in the annular space 24 a external rib 26 parallel to the connecting wall 22 and which forms with the connection wall 22 and the sheet 12 a groove 27.
- the bottom wall 18 has in the annular space 25 an external rib 28 parallel to the connecting wall 23 and which defines with the latter and the sheet 13 a groove 29.
- the downstream end 19 for connection of the upper wall 17 and of the bottom wall 18 also has an open groove 30 in the opposite direction to the chamber bottom 2.
- Two side walls 31, 32 close the ends of each elementary sector 11.
- the upstream part 16 of each elementary sector 11 and the sheets 12 and 13 of the chamber bottom 2 have corresponding holes 33 for the removal of cooling air upstream from the bottom of chamber 1, this cooling air circulating inside the sector 11 and discharging through a plurality of orifices 34 formed in the walls upper 17 and lower 18 to the combustion chamber 1.
- the upper walls 17 of the elementary sectors 11 are thermally protected by a first series of tiles 40 arranged each straddling two adjacent tiles 11a, 11b as is visible in Figure 2.
- the lower walls 18 of the sectors elementary 11 are covered by a second series of tiles 41 each arranged astride two adjacent tiles 11a, 11b.
- the tiles 40 and 41 each have at their downstream end a hook respectively 42, 43 directed towards the chamber bottom.
- the hooks 42, 43 of two tiles 40, 41 straddling the same sectors 11a, 11b are intended to accommodate with play, being arranged one on the other in the grooves 30 formed at the downstream ends of these two sectors 11a, 11b.
- the tiles 40 and 41 also have at their upstream ends ribs 44, 45 arranged on their internal faces and which are intended to be fitted respectively in grooves 27 and 29 provided at the bottom of the external annular grooves 24 and internal annular 25.
- the heights of the ribs 26 and 44, 28 and 45, and the thicknesses of the walls of tiles 40 and 41 are calculated in such a way that the upstream ends of tiles 40 and 41 are sandwiched between the sheets 12, 13 and the elementary sectors 11.
- the internal faces of the tiles 40, 41 are maintained spaced from the upper 17 and lower 18 walls by a distance substantially equal to the thickness of the outer ribs 26, 28 for allow the cooling air which escapes through the orifices 34 to circulate in the spaces 46, 47 formed between the tiles 40, 41 and the walls 17, 18 of the elementary sectors 11.
- This cooling air then escapes through orifices 48, 49 formed in the tiles 40, 41 as well as by a multi-perforation 50 made in the thickness of the tiles 40, 41.
- the spaces 46, 47 are closed in the circumferential direction by tile returns 51, 52 which are supported on the external faces of the upper 17 and lower 18 walls of adjacent sectors 11a, 11b.
- Zirconate is deposited on the tiles 40, 41 so to create a thermal barrier.
- the upstream part of the assembly thus produced is embedded in the groove 15 of the chamber bottom 2, formed by the sheets 12 and 13 and therein fixed by the fixing means 14.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Description
- chaque secteur présente à son extrémité aval une rainure et au voisinage de l'extrémité amont de ses parois supérieure et inférieure une nervure externe qui délimite une rainure avec les tôles du fond de chambre;
- chaque tuile présente un crochet à son extrémité aval et une nervure interne à son extrémité amont, ledit crochet et ladite nervure étant destinés à loger dans les rainures des secteurs ;
- les extrémités amont des tuiles sont interposés entre les parois des secteurs et les tôles du fond de chambre, ces dernières étant conformées en conséquence ;
- les nervures des secteurs comportent des évidements dans lesquels s'engagent des crans formés sur les faces internes des tuiles, afin d'assurer le maintien circonférentiel des tuiles par rapport aux secteurs ;
- un jeu est laissé entre les crochets des tuiles et les fonds des rainures des extrémités aval des secteurs pour permettre le déplacement axial des éléments en présence ;
- un dépôt de zirconate est effectué sur les tuiles de manière à créer une barrière thermique.
- les secteurs 11 du séparateur sont positionnés circonférentiellement sur un outillage de montage ;
- les tuiles 40, 41 sont alors présentées axialement, de façon à engager les crochets 42, 43 dans la rainure aval 30 des secteurs 11 et les crans 53, 54 dans les évidements externes 26, 28 des secteurs 11. Les nervures 44, 45 des tuiles 40, 41 viennent par élasticité s'encastrer dans les rainures 27, 29 des secteurs 11.
Claims (6)
- Chambre de combustion annulaire comprenant deux têtes concentriques décalées radialement l'une par rapport à l'autre et délimitées dans le fond de chambre (2) par un anneau séparateur (10) de gaz, l'une des têtes, appelée tête pilote, fonctionnant aux régimes ralenti et plein gaz, et l'autre tête, appelée tête de décollage, fonctionnant au régime plein gaz, ledit anneau séparateur (10) comprenant une pluralité de secteurs élémentaires (11) disposés circonférentiellement à une certaine distance (x) les uns des autres et fixés sur des tôles (12, 13) du fond de chambre (2), chaque secteur (11) étant conformé en un corps allongé creux, refroidi par une circulation d'air provenant de l'amont du fond de chambre (2), pénétrant dans ledit secteur et s'échappant dans les deux têtes au travers des parois (17, 18) dudit secteur par une pluralité d'orifices (34),
caractérisée par le fait que lesdits secteurs (11) sont protégés thermiquement par deux séries de tuiles (40, 41) recouvrant respectivement les parois supérieures (17) et inférieures (18) desdits secteurs, les tuiles (40, 41) desdites séries étant disposées à cheval sur deux secteurs adjacents (11a, 11b) et à distance desdites parois (17, 18) afin de permettre à l'air de refroidissement de circuler dans l'espace (46, 47) ainsi créé, des orifices (48, 49, 50) étant ménagés dans lesdites tuiles (40, 41) pour permettre l'échappement de l'air de refroidissement dans les deux têtes. - Chambre de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que chaque tuile (40, 41) présente un crochet (42, 43) à son extrémité aval et une nervure interne (44, 45) à son extrémité amont, par le fait que les secteurs (11) présentent à leurs extrémités aval une rainure (30) dans laquelle logent les crochets (42, 43) des tuiles (40, 41), et au voisinage des extrémités amont de leurs parois supérieures (17) et inférieures (18) des nervures externes (26, 28) qui délimitent avec les tôles (12, 13) du fond de chambre (2) des rainures (27, 28) dans lesquelles logent les nervures internes (44, 45) des tuiles (40, 41).
- Chambre de combustion selon la revendication 2, caractérisée par le fait que les extrémités amont des tuiles (41, 41) sont interposées entre les parois des secteurs (17, 18) et les tôles (12, 13) du fond de chambre (2), ces dernières étant conformées en conséquence.
- Chambre de combustion selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisée par le fait que les nervures externes (26, 28) des secteurs (11) comportent des évidements dans lesquels s'engagent des crans (53, 54) formés sur les faces internes des tuiles (40, 41).
- Chambre de combustion selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisée par le fait que les crochets (42, 43) des tuiles (40, 41) logent avec jeu dans les rainures (30) des extrémités aval des secteurs (11).
- Chambre de combustion selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisée par le fait que les tuiles (40, 41) sont recouvertes d'une couche de zirconate.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9804704A FR2777634B1 (fr) | 1998-04-16 | 1998-04-16 | Separateur pour chambre de combustion a deux tetes |
| FR9804704 | 1998-04-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0950859A1 EP0950859A1 (fr) | 1999-10-20 |
| EP0950859B1 true EP0950859B1 (fr) | 2004-06-30 |
Family
ID=9525276
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99400918A Expired - Lifetime EP0950859B1 (fr) | 1998-04-16 | 1999-04-15 | Séparateur pour chambre de combustion à deux têtes |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6155055A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0950859B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPH11324712A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE69918352T2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2777634B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2856468B1 (fr) * | 2003-06-17 | 2007-11-23 | Snecma Moteurs | Chambre de combustion annulaire de turbomachine |
| GB2420614B (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2009-06-03 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Tile and exo-skeleton tile structure |
| DE102007062699A1 (de) * | 2007-12-27 | 2009-07-02 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Brennkammerauskleidung |
| US8015817B2 (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2011-09-13 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Cooling structure for gas turbine transition duct |
| US10101029B2 (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2018-10-16 | United Technologies Corporation | Combustor panels and configurations for a gas turbine engine |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5220795A (en) * | 1991-04-16 | 1993-06-22 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for injecting dilution air |
| CA2089285C (fr) * | 1992-03-30 | 2002-06-25 | Stephen Winthrop Falls | Noyau central segmente pour chambre de combustion annulaire double |
| US5285632A (en) * | 1993-02-08 | 1994-02-15 | General Electric Company | Low NOx combustor |
| FR2706021B1 (fr) * | 1993-06-03 | 1995-07-07 | Snecma | Chambre de combustion comprenant un ensemble séparateur de gaz. |
| US5421158A (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 1995-06-06 | General Electric Company | Segmented centerbody for a double annular combustor |
| GB2297830B (en) * | 1995-02-07 | 1998-04-29 | Rolls Royce | Radially staged annular combustor |
| US5970716A (en) * | 1997-10-02 | 1999-10-26 | General Electric Company | Apparatus for retaining centerbody between adjacent domes of multiple annular combustor employing interference and clamping fits |
-
1998
- 1998-04-16 FR FR9804704A patent/FR2777634B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-04-14 US US09/291,276 patent/US6155055A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-15 JP JP11107729A patent/JPH11324712A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1999-04-15 EP EP99400918A patent/EP0950859B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-15 DE DE69918352T patent/DE69918352T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2777634B1 (fr) | 2000-05-19 |
| DE69918352D1 (de) | 2004-08-05 |
| US6155055A (en) | 2000-12-05 |
| EP0950859A1 (fr) | 1999-10-20 |
| DE69918352T2 (de) | 2005-08-25 |
| JPH11324712A (ja) | 1999-11-26 |
| FR2777634A1 (fr) | 1999-10-22 |
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