EP0957208A2 - Bras d'excavatrice pour véhicules de terrassement - Google Patents

Bras d'excavatrice pour véhicules de terrassement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0957208A2
EP0957208A2 EP98830620A EP98830620A EP0957208A2 EP 0957208 A2 EP0957208 A2 EP 0957208A2 EP 98830620 A EP98830620 A EP 98830620A EP 98830620 A EP98830620 A EP 98830620A EP 0957208 A2 EP0957208 A2 EP 0957208A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hinge
shovel arm
vehicle
shovel
working part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98830620A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0957208A3 (fr
Inventor
Antonio Cavaliere
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fki Fai Komatsu Ind SpA
Original Assignee
Fki Fai Komatsu Ind SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fki Fai Komatsu Ind SpA filed Critical Fki Fai Komatsu Ind SpA
Publication of EP0957208A2 publication Critical patent/EP0957208A2/fr
Publication of EP0957208A3 publication Critical patent/EP0957208A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
    • E02F3/43—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations
    • E02F3/431—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for bucket-arms, front-end loaders, dumpers or the like
    • E02F3/432—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for bucket-arms, front-end loaders, dumpers or the like for keeping the bucket in a predetermined position or attitude
    • E02F3/433—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for bucket-arms, front-end loaders, dumpers or the like for keeping the bucket in a predetermined position or attitude horizontal, e.g. self-levelling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/34—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines
    • E02F3/3405—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines and comprising an additional linkage mechanism
    • E02F3/3408—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines and comprising an additional linkage mechanism of the parallelogram-type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved shovel arm for earth-moving vehicles.
  • the shovel arm in question may be advantageously used in the front part of earth-moving vehicles to support a bucket or a pallet-raising fork or a snow-clearing blade or a multiple-use bucket or a mixing bucket for concrete or other working parts.
  • the moving of shovel arms is performed by means of a kinematic system which involves a plurality of mechanical parts which are operationally connected together so as to allow raising and movement of the bucket.
  • a first type of system is based on the principle of hydraulic compensation of the bucket position.
  • the bucket is mounted on the free end of the shovel arm by means of hinges which allow rotation thereof about an axis transverse to the arm itself, controlled by a bucket moving jack.
  • the hydraulic compensation system automatically actuates rotation of the bucket so as to allow optimum positioning at whatever height the bucket is situated. In particular, therefore, this system allows the bucket to remain substantially parallel to itself when only raising of the load is envisaged.
  • This system in order to operate, needs a fairly complicated hydraulic control circuit which requires a large number of components which result in difficult assembly and the execution of difficult and repetitive adjustments.
  • a second type of operating system is based on the principle of mechanical compensation by means of which, via a composite structure of mechanical parts which are connected together, movement of the arm is permitted, allowing the bucket to be kept always in the correct operating position.
  • Figures A and B show two different shovel arms of the known type, both based on the said principle of mechanical compensation.
  • both the shovel arms shown comprise, on each side of the shovel arm, a support arm (a) hinged at one end on with a bucket (b) and at the other end with the body of the earth-moving vehicle (not shown) at (o).
  • Two hydraulic jacks are also provided, consisting of a jack (c) for raising the shovel arm, hinged at one end with the support arm (a) and at the other end with the body of the vehicle at (w), and a jack (d) for operating the bucket (b), designed to connect the body of the vehicle to the bucket (b) by means of a mechanical transmission mechanism comprising various parts.
  • the jack (d) for operating the bucket (b) is hinged at (v) with the vehicle and at the other end with a middle point of a lever (e) hinged in turn at one end with the support arm (a) and at the other end with a connecting rod (f) connected via a hinge to the bucket (b).
  • the operating jack (d) of the shovel arm shown in Fig. B is hinged at one end with a lever (g) in turn hingeably mounted in a central zone on the support arm (a) and hinged at the opposite end to the operating jack (d) with a crank (m) connected to the body of the vehicle.
  • the other end of the operating jack (d) is connected to the bucket (b) by means of connecting rod (p) and to the support arm (a) by means of a second lever (r).
  • the mechanical structures which make up the two shovel arms illustrated are subject to geometric modifications depending on the movements of the arms themselves, which are controlled by the jack performing raising between two end positions, i.e. a fully raised position and a full lowered position.
  • the mechanical structures of the arms allow the buckets (b) to remain substantially always parallel to themselves in any position of the shovel arm (obviously this refers to operations in which only raising or lowering of the bucket is performed).
  • the shovel arms have respectively nine and eleven different hinging points. This results in a high degree of complexity with regard to assembly of the shovel arms and the need to use a large number of mechanical components and therefore, ultimately, the drawback of a high degree of play and areas subject to wear.
  • the main object of the present invention is therefore that of eliminating the drawbacks of the art known hitherto by providing an improved shovel arm for earth-moving vehicles, which is able to satisfy all the constructional requirements of a technical nature and in particular the requirements relating to movement of the operating parts connected thereto, by means of the use of a mechanical structure provided with a limited number of hinging points and mechanical components.
  • Another object of the present invention is that of providing a shovel arm provided with a mechanical structure of small dimensions able to allow good visibility from the operating cab of the vehicle.
  • a further object of the present invention is that of providing a shovel arm provided with a mechanical structure which is constructionally simple, easy to assemble, operationally entirely reliable and suitable for performing any manoeuvre within the limits of the operational requirements of the vehicles associated therewith.
  • the shovel arm in question which comprises a support arm connected to the body of an earth-moving vehicle, by means of a first hinge, and to a working part, by means of a second hinge, a linear raising actuator mounted on the body of the vehicle, by means of a third hinge, and connected to the support arm, by means of a fourth hinge, and a linear operating actuator connected to the body of the earth-moving vehicle, by means of a fifth hinge, and to a lever, by means of a sixth hinge.
  • This lever is also connected to the support arm and to the linear raising actuator by means of the abovementioned fourth hinge.
  • a connecting rod is also provided, being connected to the working part, by means of a seventh hinge, and jointly to the linear operating actuator and to the lever by means of the abovementioned sixth hinge.
  • the arm occupies a small volume so as not to adversely affect the visibility from the operating cab of the vehicle.
  • the shovel arm 1 in reality consists of two side-pieces which are identical to each other and connected by a front cross-piece. Below, for the sake of simplicity of illustration, the term shovel arm 1 will be used to indicate one of these two side-pieces.
  • the arm 1 is connected at one of its ends 2 to the front part of an earth-moving vehicle 3 and supports, at the other end 4, a working part consisting in the case of the example according to Fig. 2 of a bucket 5.
  • the connection of the shovel arm 1 to the body of the vehicle 3 is performed by means of two linear actuators, namely a raising actuator 6 and an operating actuator 7, consisting preferably of two hydraulic jacks, and a support arm 8 to which the bucket 5 is directly connected.
  • the raising bucket 6 is used to perform raising and lowering manoeuvres of the shovel arm 1 and therefore of the bucket 5 connected thereto.
  • the latter may also be actuated by the operating jack 7 via a transmission mechanism 9 described in detail below, so as to perform the programmed working manoeuvres in accordance with all the possible operational requirements of the earth-moving vehicle.
  • the bucket 5 is able to rotate about an axis Y transverse with respect to the shovel arm 1 and thereby remove the material, for example, from the ground, loading it inside the bucket 5 itself.
  • the shovel arm 1 has a plurality of mechanical components (the body of the vehicle 3, the two hydraulic jacks, i.e. the raising jack 6 and operating jack 7, the support arm 8, the transmission mechanism 9 and the bucket 5) which are connected together so as to form a single mechanical structure provided with connections for interlinking its components, which are described hereinbelow.
  • the support arm 8 is connected at one end 10 to the body of the vehicle 3 by means of a first hinge 11, and at its other end 12 to the bucket 5 by means of a second hinge 13.
  • the raising jack 6 is in turn connected to the body of the vehicle 3 by means of a third hinge 14 arranged in a lower position than the first hinge 11. At the other end it is connected to the central arm 8 in the region of a central zone 15 of the latter close to the bottom edge by means of a fourth hinge 16.
  • the operating jack 7 is also connected at one end to the body of the vehicle 3 by means of a fifth hinge 17 and at the other end to a first end 18 of a lever 19 by means of a sixth hinge 20.
  • the fifth hinge 17 therefore represents the third hinging point of the shovel arm 1 with the body of the vehicle 3 and is arranged at a greater height than the first hinge 11 and the third hinge 14.
  • the lever 19 is also connected at its second end 21 both to the support arm 8 and to the raising jack 6 by means of the fourth hinge 16.
  • the transmission mechanism 9 mentioned above comprises, in addition to the lever 19, also a connecting rod 22 which is connected at its first end 23 to the bucket 5 by means of a seventh hinge 24 and connected at the second end 25 both to the operating jack 7 and to the first end 18 of the lever 19 by means of the sixth hinge 20.
  • the bucket 5 is connected to the shovel arm 1 by means of the two hinges 13 and 24 and is able to perform rotations about the axis Y passing through the second hinge 13, when the operating jack 7 is actuated so as to extend (for example in order to empty a load from the bucket 5) or retract (for example in order to allow the bucket 5 to load material inside it).
  • the two extending and retracting movements of the operating jack 7 cause rotations of the bucket 5 which correspond to rotations of the shovel arm 1 during lowering and during raising thereof, respectively.
  • FIG. 1 two different operating positions of the shovel arm 1 have been illustrated, namely a fully raised position, indicated by 26, and fully lowered position, indicated by 27.
  • the bucket 5 follows movement of the shovel arm 1 from the fully lowered position 26 to the position fully extended forwards (not shown in the accompanying figures and substantially corresponding to an intermediate position of the shovel arm 1 between the two end positions 26 and 27 indicated), the bucket 5 varies its inclination with respect to the horizontal plane P, rotating through an angle of between about 1 and 10 degrees and therefore correspondingly reducing the angle A by an equivalent value.
  • the mechanical structure of the shovel arm 1 described here is provided with a system for automatic compensation of these tipping movements, causing rotation of the bucket 5 with respect to the horizontal plane P through an angle of between about 1 and 10 degrees (rotation in a clockwise direction in Fig. 1).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
EP98830620A 1998-05-12 1998-10-16 Bras d'excavatrice pour véhicules de terrassement Withdrawn EP0957208A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITVR980041 IT1299668B1 (it) 1998-05-12 1998-05-12 Braccio pala perfezionato per veicoli movimento terra
ITVR980041 1998-05-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0957208A2 true EP0957208A2 (fr) 1999-11-17
EP0957208A3 EP0957208A3 (fr) 2000-05-10

Family

ID=11428547

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98830620A Withdrawn EP0957208A3 (fr) 1998-05-12 1998-10-16 Bras d'excavatrice pour véhicules de terrassement

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0957208A3 (fr)
CA (1) CA2254204A1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1299668B1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103498490A (zh) * 2013-10-16 2014-01-08 广西柳工机械股份有限公司 带有斗内粘附物料刮除装置的铲装工作装置
CN104590907A (zh) * 2013-10-31 2015-05-06 J.C.班福德挖掘机有限公司 材料装卸机
CN109723096A (zh) * 2017-10-31 2019-05-07 山东亚泰机械有限公司 重型装载机
CN111483329A (zh) * 2020-04-29 2020-08-04 重庆工商大学 一种电动装载机的冲击抑制方法、装置及系统

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102561425B (zh) * 2011-12-27 2014-04-16 燕山大学 含有复铰的四自由度连杆工作机构

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2878598A (en) * 1954-06-22 1959-03-24 John S Pilch Detachable bulldozer
US2892558A (en) * 1954-07-06 1959-06-30 Seaman Andwall Corp Vehicle mounted apparatus
DK123156A (fr) * 1967-05-15
US3796335A (en) * 1972-01-14 1974-03-12 Int Harvester Co Bucket position indicator
US5188502A (en) * 1990-12-24 1993-02-23 Caterpillar, Inc. Linkage arrangement for a multi-purpose vehicle
US5688101A (en) * 1995-04-29 1997-11-18 Samsung Heavy Industries, Co., Ltd. Working unit of construction equipment with attachment self leveling function

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103498490A (zh) * 2013-10-16 2014-01-08 广西柳工机械股份有限公司 带有斗内粘附物料刮除装置的铲装工作装置
CN104590907A (zh) * 2013-10-31 2015-05-06 J.C.班福德挖掘机有限公司 材料装卸机
EP2868619A1 (fr) * 2013-10-31 2015-05-06 JC Bamford Excavators Ltd Machine de manipulation de matériau
CN104590907B (zh) * 2013-10-31 2018-12-14 J.C.班福德挖掘机有限公司 材料装卸机
CN109723096A (zh) * 2017-10-31 2019-05-07 山东亚泰机械有限公司 重型装载机
CN111483329A (zh) * 2020-04-29 2020-08-04 重庆工商大学 一种电动装载机的冲击抑制方法、装置及系统
CN111483329B (zh) * 2020-04-29 2023-01-31 重庆工商大学 一种电动装载机的冲击抑制方法、装置及系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0957208A3 (fr) 2000-05-10
CA2254204A1 (fr) 1999-11-12
IT1299668B1 (it) 2000-03-24
ITVR980041A1 (it) 1999-11-12

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