Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A46—BRUSHWARE
  • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
  • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
  • A46D1/02—Bristles details
  • A46D1/023—Bristles with at least a core and at least a partial sheath
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A46—BRUSHWARE
  • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
  • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
  • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2973—Particular cross section
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2973—Particular cross section
  • Y10T428/2978—Surface characteristic

Definitions

• the invention relates to a bristle for a toothbrush, in particular for an electric toothbrush, which is made of plastic and has a plurality of filaments connected to one another.
• Such a bristle is known from German utility model 1 9 97 71 7.
• a toothbrush is described which has a large number of bristles, with several bristles being arranged approximately parallel to each other and thermally welded to each bristle. In this way, the cleaning area formed by the free ends of the bristles is enlarged and thus the cleaning effect of the toothbrush is increased.
• voids arise between the filaments that can be colonized by bacteria or other germs.
• a method for producing artificial bristles which consist of a plurality of individual filaments. These individual filaments are glued together after emerging from the spinnerets, the gluing being interrupted at intervals. After the bond has been produced, the bristle is cut into individual bristles in the area of the non-bonded areas, the individual bristle being spliced on at the tip.
• This process is quite complex since, on the one hand, the filaments have to be applied with an adhesive. On the other hand, it turns out to be problematic to continuously interrupt the bonding at predetermined intervals.
• a brush with radially outward-facing bristles attached to a hub is known.
• Each of the bristles has a rigid core in the middle, which is glued to at least one fiber made of vibration-damping material and is helically wound so that only part of the surface of the core is surrounded by the fiber.
• the object of the invention is to develop a bristle for a toothbrush of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that a high cleaning action is ensured but cavities are avoided.
• filaments are wound or braided and chemically welded to one another as a result of the action of chemical agents.
• the surface of the toothbrush that is effective for tooth cleaning is increased at the same time, thereby improving tooth cleaning.
• the surface of the bristles is structured, which can be used effectively in tooth cleaning. Both are particularly advantageous with regard to the removal of plaque from the tooth surface.
• a splicing is provided at its free end.
• This fanning out can be achieved by breaking open the connection points of the individual filaments at the free end of the bristle.
• individual thin tips are formed at the free end of the bristle, the number and diameter of the number and the diameter of the filaments of the bristle.
• the filaments of the bristle have different diameters.
• the mechanical properties for example the rigidity or the fatigue or the resilience of the individual bristles and thus the toothbrush as a whole, can be influenced.
• the winding or braiding of the individual bristles and thus the structure of the surface of the bristles can also be influenced by the choice of the diameter of the filaments. Both have a direct influence on the cleaning effect and in particular on the cleaning comfort of the toothbrush.
• an approximately central filament with a preferably higher stiffness is provided, which is surrounded by filaments with a preferably lower stiffness.
• the central filament is preferably used to stabilize the bristle, while the filaments surrounding this central filament are preferably intended to achieve a high cleaning effect and a high level of cleaning convenience.
• the winding or braiding of the bristle is periodic. This has advantages with regard to the manufacture of the bristle and results in an optically uniform appearance of the bristle and thus of the toothbrush.
• the following values have proven to be particularly useful for an electric toothbrush in particular: there are 3 or 4 filaments per bristle used, the diameter of the individual filaments has a value between approximately 0.0762 mm and approximately 0.127 mm, and the winding or braiding of a bristle is repeated after approximately 1.0 mm to approximately 3.0 mm.
• the filaments are chemically welded to one another in such a way that the tear-open strength or peel force of the filaments in the region of the fanning out is from approximately 0.1 to 0.15N, preferably 0.125N.
• the bristles according to the invention after the conventional, in particular mechanical rounding of an end section, for example after the bristles have been fastened in a bristle carrier, slightly open at the ends.
• the tear propagation resistance is still so high that during normal use of the bristles, for example as a toothbrush bristles, further fanning out of the bristle in individual filaments is substantially prevented.
• an amorphous structure of the filament or bristle material may be present in the center of the inner core.
• the cross-sectional area with an amorphous structure will be approximately 10% to 50%, in particular 20% to 30%, of the total cross-sectional area of the bristle.
• the remaining cross-sectional area accordingly has an essentially crystalline structure.
• the filaments are wound or braided essentially without torsional stress and chemically welded to one another by the action of solvents. After the winding or braiding process, the filaments are connected as a result of chemical agents. In this way, a permanent connection between the individual filaments is achieved, the mechanical properties of the filaments being essentially retained.
• a filament composite is formed which forms the bristle.
• any voids still present are reliably sealed.
• the fixation mentioned also represents a simple and easily controllable way of processing the wound or braided filaments and connecting them to form a bristle.
• the filaments are wetted with a solvent for between about 5 s and about 50 s, preferably e.g. B. for coated filaments, between about 20 s and about 30 s.
• a solvent for between about 5 s and about 50 s, preferably e.g. B. for coated filaments, between about 20 s and about 30 s.
• highly concentrated formic acid has proven to be a particularly useful solvent.
• An advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention consists in that a splicing is produced at the free end of the bristle by mechanical processing.
• the resulting thin tips can penetrate the interdental spaces of the teeth much more easily and in this way and improve the removal of PIaque there and thus overall the teeth cleaning.
• the filaments are subjected to a tensile stress of approximately 6MPa to 20MPa, preferably 13MPa, during chemical welding. This ensures that the filament, which is wound or braided essentially without torsional stress, lies against one another with a sufficient radially inwardly acting force during chemical welding, this radially inwardly acting force being generated by means of the tensile stress acting on the filaments.
• the bristles according to the invention are used in the inner field of a preferably electrically driven round-head toothbrush.
• FIG. 1 a to 1 c show a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a bristle according to the invention for a toothbrush in one view and two cross sections,
• FIGS. 2a and 2b show a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a bristle according to the invention for a toothbrush in a view and a cross section
• FIG. 3a and 3b show a schematic representation of a third embodiment of a bristle according to the invention for a toothbrush in a view and a cross section
• Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of the free end of the
• FIG. 5 shows an enlarged cross section of a bristle according to FIG.
• a bristle 1 is shown, which is composed of three filaments 2, 3, 4.
• the filaments 2, 3, 4 consist of the same plastic and all have the same diameter.
• the filaments 2, 3, 4 are braided, which can be seen, inter alia, from the cross sections of FIGS. 1 b and 1 c.
• the braiding is carried out uniformly, so that the braiding and thus the structure of the surface of the bristle 1 are repeated periodically. This is identified in FIG. 1 a by the reference number 5.
• FIGS. 2a and 2b show a bristle 6 which is composed of four filaments 7, 8, 9, 10.
• the filament 7 is arranged centrally and is surrounded by the other filaments 8, 9, 10.
• the filament 7 has a larger diameter than the filaments 8, 9, 10. All the filaments 7, 8, 9, 10 are made of plastic, the filaments 8, 9, 10 being made of the same plastic, while the central filament 7 can consist of a different plastic.
• the central filament 7 preferably has a high rigidity, while the surrounding filaments 8, 9, 10 have a lower rigidity.
• the different stiffnesses can result from different diameters and / or from different plastics of the filaments, for example from softer or harder plastics.
• the central filament 7 is wrapped by the other filaments 8, 9, 10.
• FIG. 2a This is identified in FIG. 2a by the reference number 1 1.
• a bristle 12 is shown, which consists of three filaments
• the filaments 13, 14, 15 are made of the same plastic and all have the same diameter.
• the filaments 13, 14, 15 are made of the same plastic and all have the same diameter.
• the filaments 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15 of the bristles 1, 6, 12 mentioned in FIGS. 1a to 1c, 2a and 2b and 3a and 3b can be made of polyamide, polyester or of Polypropylene exist.
• the diameter of said filaments can be between about 0.0762 mm (3 mil) and about 0.127 mm (5 mil).
• the period 5, 11, 16 of the braiding or winding of the said filaments can be between approximately 1.0 mm and approximately 3.0 mm.
• the individual filaments 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15 of the bristles 1, 6, 12 are firmly connected to one another.
• FIG. 4 shows a free end 17 of the bristle 12 of FIGS. 3a and 3b.
• the free end 17 has a splice 18. This means that the free ends 19, 20, 21 of the filaments 13, 14, 15 are not firmly connected to one another, but rather protrude as individual tips from the free end 17 of the bristle 12.
• the length of the splice 18 is chosen such that the protruding tips are suitable for penetrating into the interdental spaces of a user.
• the described splicing of the free end of the bristle can also be present in a corresponding manner in the bristles of FIGS. 1a to 1c and / or of FIGS. 2a and 2b.
• the filaments 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15 are braided or wound or, in general, stranded. It is possible to carry out the winding or braiding process with already stretched filaments 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1 3, 1 4, 1 5, which already have the desired mechanical properties.
• the braided or wound filaments 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15 are then immersed in a solvent and fixed there by dissolving.
• the residence time in the solvent is from about 5 s to about 50 s.
• a solvent e.g. for filaments made of polyamide, phenol, M-cresol or formic acid can be used.
• highly concentrated formic acid a time period between about 20 s and about 30 s has been found to be advantageous for coated filaments.
• the solvent is then neutralized with water or other suitable media or the excess solvent is removed. Then the filaments 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1 3, 14, 1 5 are dried. The resulting bristle 1, 6, 1 2 can then be processed further in a known manner.
• the free end 1 7 mentioned is mechanically processed in a subsequent process.
• This mechanical processing can be, for example, a grinding process or the like or other impact processing of the free end 17.
• the mechanical connection breaks up the firm connection of the filaments 1 3, 1 4, 1 5 of the bristle 1 2 in the region of the free end 1 7 of the bristle 1 2 caused by the chemical fixation. This results in the free ends 1 9, 20, 21 of the filaments 1 3, 1 4, 1 5, the length of the free ends 1 9, 20, 21 and thus the length of the splice 1 8 being dependent on the degree of mechanical Processing the free end 1 7 of the bristle 1 2.
• the chemical fixation of the filaments 1 3, 1 4, 1 5 is carried out in such a way that, on the one hand, the solid connection is broken on free end 1 7 of the bristle 1 2 is possible, but on the other hand, due to the normal use of the bristle, no breaking of the firm connection of the filaments 1 3, 1 4, 1 5 is possible.
• the bristle 1 2 has a special cross-sectional structure due to the chemical bonding of the filaments 1 3, 1 4, 1 5 consisting of partially crystalline material.
• An outer sheath 22 of the bristle 1 2 has an essentially amorphous structure which is due to the solvent dissolving the outer sheath of the individual filaments 1 3, 14, 1 5.
• the inner core 23 of the bristle 1 2 has an essentially crystalline structure, this inner core 23 being essentially formed by the undissolved cores of the filaments 1 3, 14, 1 5.
• an area with an amorphous structure that is small in cross section can be present.
• Filaments 1 3, 1 4, 1 5 that are chemically welded to one another have approximately 10% to 50%, in particular 20% to 30%, of the total cross-sectional area of an amorphous structure. Accordingly, approximately 90% to 50%, in particular 80% to 70%, of the cross-sectional area are essentially crystalline.
• the filaments are present in an almost or essentially torsion-free state after winding, braiding or stranding. This is ensured by the fact that each of the filaments 2, 3, 4; 7, 8, 9, 10; 1 3, 14, 1 5 during braiding, winding or stranding in the opposite sense to the rotation required for roping, braiding or winding around its own axis, so that torsional stresses are substantially avoided. This prevents the filament composite from buckling before chemical welding and after stranding, braiding or winding. This essentially torsion-free stress state can be demonstrated after welding using microtome sections if these are analyzed under polarized light.
• the filaments 2, 3, 4; 7, 8, 9, 10; 1 3, 1 4, 1 5 to ensure the fixation takes place under tensile stresses of about 6MPa to 20MPa, preferably at about 13MPa.
• the fixing time is chosen so that 10% to 50%, preferably 20% to 35%, of the cross-sectional area of the single filament is dissolved.
• the fixing times are for filaments 2, 3, 4; 7, 8, 9, 10; 13, 14, 1 5 without surface coating between 5 see and 20 see, or at about 1 0 see. If filaments with a silicone coating are used, fixation times between 20 see and 40 see, preferably 25 see to 30 see, are considered.
• connection strength can be determined by measuring the peeling forces and the wear behavior of the bristles 1, 6, 1 2.
• the process parameters are to be set such that the peeling forces are in the range from 0.1 N to approximately 0.1 5N.
• the individual filaments are brought into close contact by winding, braiding or stranding the filaments.
• the tensile force acting on the filament composite creates a resulting force in the direction of the center 24 of the bristles 1, 6, 1 2.
• the surface of the filaments 2, 3, 4; 7, 8, 9, 10; 1 3, 14, 1 5 dissolved so that a doughy state is achieved.
• the secondary valence forces that bring about the substance cohesion are reduced by the solvent, the covalent bonds being practically not attacked or broken. be disturbed. This state enables the diffusion of molecular segments across the interfaces into the neighboring component.
• the depth of penetration of the molecular chains depends on the degree of dissolution and the level of tensile stress and influences the bond strength of the overall system.
• the connection in turn is based on the secondary valence forces of the neighboring molecular chains, which fully develop again after the subsequent washing out of the solvent.
• chemical welding is understood to mean connecting the filaments to one another by dissolving the surface of the filaments using a chemical solvent.
• the surface of the filaments is softened by the action of heat.
• an additional substance is permanently applied to the filament surface, which connects the filaments to one another.
• the bristles 1, 6, 1 2 described in FIGS. 1 a to 1 c, 2a and 2b and 3a and 3b are intended for use in toothbrushes, in particular for use in electric toothbrushes.
• the bristles 1, 6, 1 2 described can be used particularly advantageously in the inner field of a round-head toothbrush.

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• Brushes (AREA)
• Ropes Or Cables (AREA)

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ID=7807796

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• 1996
  • 1996-10-02 DE DE19640853A patent/DE19640853A1/de not_active Ceased
• 1997
  • 1997-09-24 DE DE59706142T patent/DE59706142D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-09-24 BR BR9712195-9A patent/BR9712195A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-09-24 AU AU45566/97A patent/AU708947B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1997-09-24 CN CN97198502A patent/CN1107473C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-09-24 AT AT97943890T patent/ATE211628T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-09-24 JP JP10516197A patent/JP2001501511A/ja active Pending
  • 1997-09-24 EP EP97943890A patent/EP0957711B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-09-24 WO PCT/EP1997/005221 patent/WO1998014090A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1997-09-24 RU RU99108723/12A patent/RU2175518C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1999
  • 1999-04-01 US US09/283,802 patent/US6141819A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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