EP0963802A2 - Perforating press with drive system for one punch - Google Patents

Abstract

A press, in particular a perforating press (1), is provided with a tool (7) on which a plurality of punches (16, 17) are adjustably mounted. Locking devices (31, 32) are used to lock the punch (16, 17) in the active position, which are released for changing the selection by a relief device (51) when the punch (16, 17) is out of engagement with the workpiece (9) and are at a certain safety distance from it. The relief device enables the locking devices (31, 32) to be adjusted quickly and with little power and thus a change in the punch selection with each press stroke, even with high-speed presses. Preloading the punch (16, 17) to its passive position allows contact between passive punch (16) and the workpiece (9) to be avoided during the press stroke. This avoids damage to the workpiece.

Description

The invention relates to a press with a tool, on the adjustable tool parts, e.g. Stamps are present.

In particular for perforating sheet metal or otherwise Flat material presses are in use that have a press ram connected to a drive, on which there is one with several punches Upper tool is arranged. Is under the press ram arranged a press table with a lower tool that corresponding openings assigned to the punch having. A feed device is used to Sheet metal strips or another workpiece step by step to promote through the tool if this is open is, i.e. the punches are not with the lower tool and engage the workpiece. The punch stamps are For example, arranged in a row that is transverse to the feed direction is aligned. With every punching step This creates a complete row of holes in the workpiece.

In some use cases, however, it can wish or be useful, instead of a complete To punch a row of holes only an interrupted row. Here it becomes necessary to make individual punches ineffective close. For sensitive sheets such as aluminum sheets or polished sheets, or generally in applications, where optical aspects are important often to wish that the sheet or the other Workpiece after the machining process essentially appears untouched. In no way are marks, scratches or accept any other surface damage. If the punch is moveable or adjustable trained parts of the tool must be adjusted this is done so that at the passively placed punch positions no workpiece damage. Should the hole pattern during the operation of the press be changed, it is also necessary to Press to create the appropriate adjustment of the tool while the press is operating.

Based on this, it is an object of the invention Press to create a change to a workpiece machining operation to be performed during the Press operation permitted.

This task is solved with the press, which the Features of claim 1.

The press according to the invention has a tool which consists of upper tool and lower tool. This are, for example, towards and away from each other that the upper tool can be moved on a press ram attached and moved back and forth with this and the lower tool is fixed on a press table is. In principle, however, there are also other kinematic ones Sequences and assignments of individual movements possible. E.g. can use the lower tool alone or in addition be moved.

The upper tool carries at least two, preferably however, significantly more than two tool parts, preferably Stamp, in particular punch, which are arranged adjustable are. In a preferred embodiment, the Stamps parallel to each other approximately at right angles to the sheet or other workpiece so that their longitudinal direction with the direction of movement of the upper tool matches. The direction of adjustment of the stamp agrees with the direction of movement of the upper tool match. The stamp can be in an advanced position transferred and locked in this. To serves a corresponding locking device. Furthermore the stamps can be released, making them in Passive position can be transferred.

There is a relief device on the upper tool provided, which biases the stamp in its active position. This is the way for the locking device released and the locking device does not have to be operated afford to move the stamp. Also be The effects of friction are minimized. This allows a very quick switching of the locking device from one State in which the assigned stamp is in the active position is locked, in an unlocked state and back with underperforming drives. E.g. can be a cross to the stamp movable latch into one of the relief device keep free space in and extend without being loaded by the punch, for example to become. This also applies to other embodiments a locking device, for example, also by a cam can be formed. This too can be turn or pivot much easier if a corresponding curve follower means that on the stamp acts or is connected to it, not to the curve surface the cam is pressed.

The relief device thus enables Minimization of the required volume of the locking device and possibly a drive device assigned to this. This in turn allows the arrangement of the Stamps at close intervals. So that can very tight hole pattern even with small punch diameters be generated.

In addition, the relief device enables such ease of movement of the locking device, that adjustment even with small actuators is possible in a very short time. This allows one or multiple stamps in a very short time from passive to active and switched back. This has in particular importance for the generation of hole patterns, at not for long periods with the same selection active and passive stamp. For example, a new hole pattern is generated with each press stroke, this requires a change in the choice of stamp with every press stroke. The available one Time is not very long with high-speed presses. However, there is enough time even for those with poor performance Drives for adjustment if aie the relief device the locking device relieves the stamp, by biasing them towards their active position. The Energy to move the stamp from its active into its Passive position and vice versa, will not be the locking device or taken from their drive device.

In principle it is possible to add several stamps Summarize groups by a common one Locking device can be locked and released. The However, the greatest possible variability is obtained if exactly one locking device is assigned to each stamp is.

In a preferred embodiment, everyone is adjustable tool part or stamp a spring means assigned with which the stamp on its liability position is biased. The spring means is temporarily from the relief device overcome the stamp For example, near the top dead center of the press ram bring into active position so that the locking device can switch on the active state without load. Give the Relief device then during the downward movement the stamp of the press ram free, the locked remain Stamp in active position while the non-arrested Stamp by the spring means in passive position be returned. While the active stamp with the Workpiece come into engagement, that of the Spring means held in passive position Workpiece not. You do not touch it and can thus no damage, scratches, quirks or cause something similar.

The locking device preferably has a Locking element, for example. A latch, the or the orthogonal to move the direction of the stamp is. The one required for the axial adjustment of the stamp Force is applied by the relief device and derived from the movement of the press ram. This also minimizes that of the locking device or their drive device to be applied mechanical Work with the advantages mentioned above.

The spring means to preload the stamp on your Passive position, a stroke limiting means can be assigned be that pulling the stamp out of the Upper tool beyond a maximum position that in the Mainly corresponds to his active position, prevented. For example, in the case of perforating presses that single punch that runs smoothly in the perforated workpiece are held as far from the Top tool that individual are pulled out Springs of the punch are fully compressed. In addition, the punches were forced out of the Workpiece pulled.

The control of the individual bars or other Locking element of the locking device can be electrical or with a fluid, for example pneumatically. Through the Relief of the locking elements (bolts) during their Adjustment can be based on precise guidance of the locking elements to be dispensed with. A floating is sufficient Storage which ensures that the corresponding locking element in the blocking position the stamp in the active position locked. This can be achieved through appropriate contact surfaces take place on which the locking element in the locked position is present.

The stamp, the locking device and the relief device can be used as a replaceable cassette be trained. This allows you to easily different hole number diameters or shapes be generated.

Further details of advantageous embodiments the invention result from the drawing or the Description and subject of subclaims be.

Fig. 1 eine Perforierpresse in schematischer Darstellung,

Fig. 2 das Werkzeug der Presse nach Figur 1, in einer schematisierten Schnittdarstellung und in einer oberen Totpunktslage,

Fig. 3 das Werkzeug nach Figur 2, in einer unteren Totpunktslage der Presse und in schematisierter Darstellung,

Fig. 4 ein Werkstück mit darüber angedeuteten Stempelpositionen und mit angedeuteten Lochpositionen, in schematisierter Draufsicht,

Fig. 5 eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform des Werkzeugs der Presse nach Figur 1, in einer schematisierten Schnittdarstellung,

Fig. 6 eine Draufsicht auf ein Werkstück mit darüber dargestellten Stempelpositionen, wobei die Stempel einen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweisen, und

Fig. 7 den Zeitverlauf der Bewegung des Werkzeugs nach den Figuren 2, 3 oder 5, in abstrakter Darstellung.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawing. Show it:

1 is a perforating press in a schematic representation,

2 shows the tool of the press according to FIG. 1, in a schematic sectional illustration and in an upper dead center position,

3 shows the tool according to FIG. 2, in a bottom dead center position of the press and in a schematic representation,

4 a workpiece with punch positions indicated above and with indicated hole positions, in a schematic plan view,

5 shows a modified embodiment of the tool of the press according to FIG. 1, in a schematic sectional illustration,

6 is a plan view of a workpiece with stamp positions shown above, the stamps having a rectangular cross section, and

7 shows the time course of the movement of the tool according to FIGS. 2, 3 or 5 in an abstract representation.

Description:

A perforating press 1 as a whole is shown in FIG schematically illustrated. The perforating press 1 has one in a press frame 2 in one by one Arrow 3 indicated direction reciprocally driven Ram 4 on. Between the plunger 4 and one Press table 5, a tool 6 is arranged, to which a Upper tool 7 and a lower tool 8 belong. Between the upper tool 7 and the lower tool 8 is a Workpiece 9, for example a sheet or one from another Material existing fabric, guided. This is punched by the press, that of one not illustrated further Control unit can be specified. The hole pattern can, for example. via a scanner or other input device be scanned from a template and is by means of Perforating press 1 punched into the workpiece 9.

The tool 6 used for this goes out in particular Figure 2 and 3 emerge. The lower tool 8 is a Formed die provided with two rows of holes 11, 12 is. The rows of holes are in corresponding rows 14, 15 (Figure 4) arranged punch 16, 17 assigned to the belong to the upper tool 7. The punch 16, 17 are arranged in a punch holder plate 18 which has corresponding openings 19, 20. Everyone Punches 16, 17 protrude through the opening assigned to it 19, 20 and is thereby axially movable. The punch 16, 17 sit with very little play in the corresponding cylindrical opening 19, 20. As from FIG. 4 shows the punch 16, 17 of the two rows 14, 15 offset laterally against each other so that they refer to the transport direction T of the workpiece 9 overlap each other, or that they are on gap.

The punch guide plate 18 is with one part of the upper tool 7 connected to the workpiece 9 or the die 8 or a press table holding this 19 touches down before the punch 16, 17 the Touch workpiece 9. The die guide plate 18th protruding punch 16, 17 are with their respective inner end preferably tensile and pressure resistant in one Stamp holding plate 21 held. This points to each punch 16, 17 on a stepped bore 22, 23, in each of which a plunger 24, 25 in the longitudinal direction of the Punch 16, 17 slidably held. The Punches 16, 17 lie with their top on the plane surface on the underside of the respective tappet 24, 25 on. If necessary, they can also be connected to each other one at the respective inner end of the Punches 16, 17 held disc 26, 27 or one Ring shoulder an attachment means for a coil spring 28, 29, the other end of which is at the bottom of the supports respective stepped bore 22, 23. The punch stamp 16, 17 are thus axial in the punch holder plate 21 between an active position in which they are on the lower tool 8 are advanced and a passive position adjustable in the lower tool 8 are moved away. The coil springs 28, 29 tension the Punches 16, 17 in front of their passive position.

Around the punch 16, 17 illustrated in Figure 2 Locking the active position is on the Upper tool 7 for each punch 16, 17 a locking device 31, 32 provided. Belongs to this one each movable across the punch 16, 17 Latch 23, 34, which between a contact surface 35, 36 and an end face of the plunger 24, 25 can be inserted is. If the latch 33, 34 is inserted into the intermediate space, he blocks the punch 16, 17 in his Asset position. In Figure 2, the punch 17 in Active position locked illustrated during the Punch 16 also in the active position, but from the Locking device 31 not illustrated locked is.

The bars 33, 34 are transverse to the working direction of the upper tool 7 slidably in a corresponding Leadership stored. You are there by a spring 37, 38th biased towards their locking position. To the respective latches 33, 34 are to be brought out of the latter Drive devices 39, 40 are provided, for example a solenoid 41, 42, an armature 43, 44 and a provided between the armature 43, 44 and the bolt 33, 34 Power transmission means 45, 46 are formed. The Magnetic coils 41, 42 can be controlled separately, see above that each punch 16, 17 has a bolt 33, 34 and assigned its own drive device 39, 40 is. It is also possible to lock 33, 34 on their Preload release position and they counter the preload by means of a drive device in the locking position to convict. If necessary, a preload can also be dispensed with if the one assigned to the bolt 33, 34 Drive device is designed to him in to move both directions.

A relief device is common to all punches 16, 17 51 assigned to which as essential Element serves a stamp holding-down plate 52. The Drive devices 39, 40 are with a control device 47, 48 connected by a bus system and if necessary, appropriate drivers and decoders are formed. The Control device 47, 48 is designed such that each solenoid 41, 42 controlled individually can be. In addition, they are put together as desired Groups of solenoids can be controlled simultaneously.

This can be moved to a limited extent with respect to direction 3. The hold-down plate 52 is by one or more Tie rods 53, 54 compliant with the punch guide plate 18 connected. The tie rods 53, 54 are located at the ends firmly in the hold-down plate 52 and extend parallel to the punch 16, 17 in corresponding Blind holes 55, 56 of the punch guide plate 18. In these blind holes 55, 56 sit on the bottom thereof supporting coil springs 57, 58 which hold the hold-down plate 52 on the tie rods 53, 54 on the punch guide plate 18 pull. The hold-down plate 52 also has bores 61, 62 through which Extensions of the plunger 24, 25 towards the latch 33, 34 extend. The extensions are each of a ring shoulder surrounded on which the hold-down plate 52nd is present. The hold-down plate 52 is in its lower one Position where it rests on the tappet holder plate 21, it pushes the plunger 24, 25 so far into the blind holes 22, 23 against the action of the coil springs 28, 29 a that the punch 16, 17 in the active position are and that the extensions of the plunger 24, 25 are the ways release for bolts 33, 34. These can therefore be against very low mechanical resistance from the coil springs 37, 38 or the magnetic coils 41, 42 are moved.

The perforating press 1 described so far works as follows:

To explain how the perforating press works 1 is a single working stroke of the same tracked. In Figure 2, the upper tool 7 is Perforating press 1 in its top dead center position. To that Upper tool 7 associated sheet metal holder 7a are disengaged with the workpiece 9. In a relatively higher position is against part 7a of the upper tool 7 movable part 7b of the upper tool 7, the stamp holding plate 21 carries. This results in a relative large distance between the punch holder plate 21 and the punch guide plate 18. Via the tie rods 53, 54 the hold-down plate 52 is therefore all the way down pressed in contact with the punch holder plate 21. The hold-down plate 52 holds against the force of the Coil springs 28, 29 the plungers 24, 25 in the active position, i.e. in a position in which the punch 16, 17 protrude out of the punch guide plate 18 at most.

The distance between the free end faces of the Tappets 24, 25 and the opposite contact surfaces 35, 36 is therefore maximum, so that the bolts 33, 34 easily into the space formed here and can be led out of this, in Figure 7, in which illustrates the movement diagram of the upper tool 7 this can be anywhere in the area A done. The control devices 47, 48 control the Magnetic coils 41, 42 in this range of movement of the plunger the perforating press 1 so that the punch 16, 17 the holes in the next down stroke of the ram should generate, locked in their advanced direction become. For this purpose, the latch 34 is in the locking position transferred by de-energizing the solenoid 42 becomes. The magnetic coil 41 is excited and holds the bolt 33 in release position.

During the following downward stroke of the upper tool 7, first the hold-down 7a is placed on the Workpiece 9 on (point B in Figure 7), its downward movement ends here. However, part 7b is moving of the upper tool 7 further down, whereby the Distance between the punch holder plate 21 and the Punch guide plate 18 reduced. The relative short-stroke coil springs 57, 58 pull the hold-down plate 52 no longer down. During the Punch 17 locked by latch 34 in the active position this does not apply to the punch 16. This is now in its passive position by its coil spring 28 pressed, i.e. his plunger 24 remains with his Ring shoulder in contact with hold-down plate 52, while the plunger 25 down through the bolt 34 is pressed. The punch 17 therefore penetrates that Workpiece 9 and punch a hole while punching 16 does not touch the workpiece 9 at any point. During the period C in which the hold-down 7a is on the workpiece 9 is seated, the punch 16 hovers over the workpiece 9.

During the return stroke lifts at the end of the time interval C the hold-down 7a from the workpiece and presses with its hold-down plate 15 all punch 16, 17 in Active position, regardless of whether it is active should be or not. By appropriate control the control device 47, 48 or the magnetic coils 41, 42 can be a new selection of active punch 16, 17 be determined. Drive in the next downstroke first all punch 16, 17 down, the non-active stop switched punch after the hold-down device 7a has placed on the workpiece 9 while move the active punch 17 further here punch.

A new hole pattern can thus be defined in each stroke and punched out. This is shown schematically in FIG. 4 indicated. All conceivable hole positions are illustrated by dots for a portion of the workpiece 9. Holes are only punched out if the punch 17 in question is also locked. By Switching the relevant latch 33, 34 in successive Press strokes can in the given Any hole pattern can be obtained. The press can run continuously with a high number of strokes.

In the embodiment described above the relief device 51 with that on the workpiece 9 or another abutment part 7a of the Tool 7 connected. It is also different possible, the hold-down plate 52 with a separate Drive device to connect the hold-down plate 52 temporarily to the punch holding plate 21 presses or pretensions towards them. This drive device can be an electrical or fluid-operated drive device be. It then acts in the axial direction, i.e. in the direction corresponding to arrow 3.

A further modified embodiment of the The perforating press 1 or the upper tool 7 is shown in FIG. 5 illustrated. The main difference to that The embodiment described above is in the drive of the bolt 33, 34. This is by a Fluid cylinder 71, 72 formed in which a piston 73, 74th is slidably mounted and sealed. The piston 73, 74 can be both single and double acting in one corresponding cylinder may be arranged. In Figure 5 is illustrates a double-acting version. The The piston position is controlled via the corresponding one Changeover directional control valves 75, 76, which can be electrically controlled, for example are. However, it is also possible to use pistons 73, 74 to bias to a position by means of a spring. Otherwise the above description applies accordingly.

The tappet guide plate 18, the tappet holder plate 21, the locking device 31, 32 and the relief device 51 can be designed as an exchangeable cassette be, for example, from the side into the tool 7 can be inserted. So one can in the simplest way Adaptation to different hole spacing or hole shapes be achieved. E.g. can instead of punches 16, 17 with a round cross section also three, four or polygonal punches are used, as in FIG. 6 is illustrated using two rows of tappets 14 ', 15', which are only shown here in part. In addition, the sheet metal transport on an air cushion to avoid damage.

A press, in particular a perforating press 1 provided with a tool 7 on which several punches 16, 17 are adjustable. To lock the Punches 16, 17 in the active position serve as locking devices 31, 32 to change the selection by a relief device 51 will be released if the punch 16, 17 out of engagement with the workpiece 9th and are within a certain safety margin this. The relief device enables a low-performance, yet quick adjustment of the Locking devices 31, 32 and thus a change the punch selection with every press stroke also at high-speed presses. Preloading the punch 16, 17 on their passive position allows the Avoidance of contact between passive punches 16 and the workpiece 9 during the press stroke. This avoids workpiece damage.

Claims (12)

Press (1), in particular for perforating sheet metal or other flat material with a perforated pattern, with a lower tool (8) and with an upper tool (7), which can be moved relative to one another by moving at least one of the tools (7, 8) between a maximum distance and a minimum distance, with a plurality of tool parts (16, 17) arranged on the upper tool (7), which are held on the upper tool (7) so as to be adjustable between an active position and a passive position, with at least one locking device (31), which is associated with at least one tool part (16) and with which the tool part (16) can be locked in the active position, and with a relief device (51) with which the tool part (16), which is assigned to the locking device (31), can be biased towards its active position. Press according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool parts are stamps and that each stamp (16, 17) assigned exactly one locking device (31, 32) is and that the locking devices are preferred can be controlled independently of one another. Press according to claim 2, characterized in that each adjustable stamp (16, 17) on its passive position is biased. Press according to claim 2, characterized in that the relief device (51) the stamp (16) in predetermined positions of the upper tool (7), preferably in the maximum distance position and nearby the same, or in predetermined time periods pre-stressed his active position and otherwise not open the stamp (16) acts. Press according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that that the relief device (51) by a on the workpiece (9) or the lower tool (8) Element (7a) is operated to the or Stamp (16) with regard to their adjustment in their To release the liability position. Press according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking device (31) is preferably a Bolt formed locking element (33), the between a blocked position and a release position is movable and in its locked position a fixed Plant for the tool part (16) forms to this in to lock its active position. Press according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking element (33) with a drive device (39) is connected, with which the locking element (33) between its locked position and its release position is movable. Press according to claim 7, characterized in that the drive device (39) is electrically controllable and preferably as a pneumatic or electrical Individual drive is designed for each locking element. Press according to claim 2, characterized in that the stamp (16, 17) in one or more rows are arranged, which are transverse to the feed direction (T) of the workpiece (9) extend. Press according to claim 3, characterized in that to pretension the stamp (16) to its passive position a spring means (28) is provided, which is preferably is combined with a stroke limiting means. Press according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool parts (16, 17), the locking device (31, 32) and the relief device (51) as replaceable Cassette are formed. Press according to claim 1, characterized in that a hold-down device (7a) is arranged on the upper tool (7) with the relief device (51) connected is.

Images