EP0964742A2 - Dispositif de distribution dosee de substances - Google Patents

Dispositif de distribution dosee de substances

Info

Publication number
EP0964742A2
EP0964742A2 EP98912336A EP98912336A EP0964742A2 EP 0964742 A2 EP0964742 A2 EP 0964742A2 EP 98912336 A EP98912336 A EP 98912336A EP 98912336 A EP98912336 A EP 98912336A EP 0964742 A2 EP0964742 A2 EP 0964742A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
volume
outlet
substance
container
membrane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP98912336A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Loni Luke-Schunck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soell GmbH
Original Assignee
Soll Peter
Willuweit Thomas
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE1997107198 external-priority patent/DE19707198A1/de
Priority claimed from DE1997136507 external-priority patent/DE19736507A1/de
Application filed by Soll Peter, Willuweit Thomas filed Critical Soll Peter
Publication of EP0964742A2 publication Critical patent/EP0964742A2/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
    • B01J4/04—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices using osmotic pressure using membranes, porous plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
    • B01J4/02—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices for feeding measured, i.e. prescribed quantities of reagents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • C02F1/685—Devices for dosing the additives
    • C02F1/686—Devices for dosing liquid additives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for the metered delivery of flowable substances, in particular liquids and gases, to systems and a method for the metered delivery of flowable substances into systems.
  • active ingredients include, for example, oxygen, fertilizer, pharmaceuticals, algicides, CO 2 , bacterial cultures, corrosion inhibitors, disinfectants and oxidants, anti-fouling agents, deodorants, inhalants, catalysts, ammonia,
  • Nitrates or phosphates precipitants such as iron, aluminum salts, polymers, milk of lime, etc.
  • Such active ingredients e.g. B. in biological systems, simply by hand or other coarse metering devices added in solid and liquid form.
  • gaseous substances With gaseous substances, there is a risk that if they are present in such quantities that they are not used immediately, they will escape from the system without being used. As a result, the gaseous substance has to be added in a higher amount than is required for the system, which in turn leads to increased costs.
  • the dosage of Gases are generally associated with high costs for the user due to the complex plant technology.
  • Devices described in 064 have a first container with a riser located therein, which leads at its upper ends through a cover into another container, a dome being placed over the upper end of the riser.
  • a propellant gas metering is based on the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Due to the amount of gas released when hydrogen peroxide decomposes, a correspondingly controlled escape of liquid from the device is achieved by pressure built up in a controlled manner.
  • the dosing device for liquids described in DE-A-34 00 589 consists of at least two interconnected containers, each having at least one outlet opening, and are characterized in that an inner container which contains a system which develops a propellant gas, in one outer container, which contains the dosing liquid, and in the operating state the outlet opening of the inner container is above the filled dosing liquid and the outlet opening of the outer container is in the area of the filled dosing liquid.
  • the work to be done is obtained here through decomposition processes.
  • the devices described in the prior art are generally only suitable for the metered delivery of gases.
  • the manufacture of these devices causes relatively large problems due to the interconnected containers.
  • the correct storage of the containers must also be ensured. Due to its design, the system is set to a certain dosing capacity and performance and overall not very variable.
  • the object of the present invention was to provide a metering device with which active ingredients, gases and liquids can be dispensed evenly and without harmful by-products over a long period of time. Another object was to provide a device that is easy to use and the dosage of which can be variably adjusted to the systems in which it is used.
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a device for the controllable delivery of flowable substances to systems, characterized by a container which has an essentially volume-constant interior, which is connected to the surrounding medium via a semipermeable membrane, and a substance which is in connection with the surrounding medium Medium or system builds up an osmotic pressure and has an outlet.
  • Another object of the present invention is a method for the metered delivery of flowable substances in systems, which is characterized in that a container which has a substantially volume-constant interior, which is connected to the surrounding medium via a semipermeable membrane and contains a substance, and has an outlet, is brought into contact with the surrounding medium or system, the medium penetrates into the interior via the semipermeable membrane and dissolves or dilutes the substance, as a result of which an osmotic pressure is built up, so that the substance or solution expands when the pressure increases further the interior through the outlet.
  • the device according to the invention represents a significant simplification in the supply of substances or for the control of chemical and technical processes that occur within water-carrying systems or supply systems such. B. to care for the living things therein, such as animals and plants.
  • the container preferably contains a water-soluble substance or a substance mixture or a salt or sugar solution in a concentration which is above the concentration of the surrounding medium, such as water etc. lies. If the container is brought into a system in such a way that the membranes come into contact with the surrounding medium, namely water or solvent, the water or solvent of the system penetrates into the interior of the container. The content of the interior, ie the substance, is diluted with the water or solvent in accordance with the osmotic pressure, or the solid is dissolved. At constant pressure, the interior fills up and then the (formed) solution is released to the surrounding medium via the outlet.
  • the container should be rigid in the sense that it maintains its volume.
  • the system is exhausted when the solution in the interior of the container and the surrounding medium no longer have any concentration differences.
  • the device according to the invention can be used, for example, to deliver active ingredients to systems, e.g. B.
  • biological systems are used, such as bacterial cultures, oxygen, fertilizer, algicides, drugs and also CO 2 -containing solutions.
  • biological systems include water bodies such as lakes, ponds, fresh and saltwater aquariums, sewage treatment plants.
  • the device according to the invention can also be used for the metered delivery of fertilizers in garden centers, or for the delivery of agents such as anticorrosive agents, disinfectants and oxidizers, nitrates or phosphates, precipitants such as iron, aluminum salts, polymers, lime milk, etc. in water-carrying systems.
  • the device according to the invention has the particular advantage that the release of the active ingredient can be controlled via various parameters. These parameters include the area of the semipermeable membrane and its permeability as well as the chemical potential, i.e. the difference in concentration between the surrounding medium or water and the solution in the first volume. In the case of a selectable membrane surface, a limit current can be achieved by appropriate concentration in the osmosis cell, as a result of which a constant metering is achieved.
  • the size of the membrane surface can e.g. B. can be varied by masking off surface sections.
  • the container contains an aqueous salt or sugar solution or the like for a long time.
  • the salt or sugar or such a substance it is possible to solidify the salt or sugar or such a substance, as a powder or e.g. to incorporate in the form of a tablet. If the device is thrown into water, for example, the water penetrates into the interior via the semipermeable membrane and dissolves the substance. A highly concentrated or saturated salt or sugar solution is formed, the concentration of which brings about the osmotic pressure.
  • the active compounds can be in the form of their pure substance, if they can be dispensed via the outlet, as solutions or as gases or in situ by contact with another reaction component, such as water or solvent or a component contained therein , and possibly a catalyst is formed.
  • the volume-constant interior is divided into a first and a second volume by an impermeable, movable partition.
  • the first volume is connected to the environment via the semipermeable membrane and contains a substance that is in connection with the surrounding
  • the second volume is filled with the substance to be dispensed and has an outlet.
  • the partition which divides the volume-constant interior into a first and a second volume, is preferably designed in such a way that the first volume increases due to the penetration of the water from the surroundings.
  • the partition can be made of a stretchable or a foldable material.
  • the movable partition is a foldable bag.
  • a foldable bag has the advantage that it occupies only the smallest possible space within the container before use and can expand accordingly during use.
  • the pouch is preferably sized to fill the entire second volume.
  • a shaping element can be contained in the bag so that the expansion can be forced in a preferred direction, e.g. B. pipe, rod, etc.
  • the first volume can also contain a second closed element, e.g. B. triggers a mechanism in the case of pressure increase after exhaustion of the second volume, which leads to the emptying of both volumes and gives the unit buoyancy in relation to the surrounding medium.
  • a second closed element e.g. B. triggers a mechanism in the case of pressure increase after exhaustion of the second volume, which leads to the emptying of both volumes and gives the unit buoyancy in relation to the surrounding medium.
  • Preferred materials for the container are all thermoplastics, in particular PE, metals, clay and ceramics.
  • the interior has two mutually independent partition walls which form two volumes, in which the first volume is connected to the surroundings via the semipermeable membrane and the second volume is connected via the outlet.
  • the device according to the invention can be used as an individually operated device or can also be operated with several devices in series or in parallel.
  • the biological system is an aqueous system, in particular a standing or flowing water, an aquarium, a sewage treatment plant, a dosing system for the fertilization of plants, swimming pools, water-carrying systems, heating circuits, etc.
  • Still other objects are a method of delivering fertilizers and active ingredients to aqueous systems in which plants or animals live, such as. B. aquariums, hydroponics, fertilizer systems in commercial nurseries.
  • FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the device from FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the device from FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of the device from FIG. 3
  • FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of the device from FIG. 3
  • Fig. 8 shows an embodiment of the device according to claim 3, wherein the first volume is divided into two spaces connected by a channel, and
  • FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of the device from FIG. 3.
  • Fig. 10 shows an embodiment of the device in Fig. 3 with a lid 11 is a top view of the lid of FIG. 10
  • Fig. 12 shows an embodiment of the device in Fig. 3 with a lid
  • FIG. 13 is a top view of the cover from FIG. 12
  • Fig. 14 shows an embodiment of the device in Fig. 3 with a cover with inflow and outflow
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through the device according to the invention.
  • a semipermeable membrane 2 is incorporated into the container 1, the interior 3 contains a substance 4 in the form of a solid.
  • the membrane 2 is any semi-permeable membrane that is permeable to water.
  • All semi-permeable, ie semi-permeable membranes are suitable which are impermeable to the surrounding solvent with respect to the filling material but are permeable.
  • the substance 4, which is located in the interior 3, can be present as a solid or in the form of the aqueous solution. If substance 4 is used as a solid, it dissolves in the water penetrating through the membrane. After the equilibrium state has been set, there is still undissolved sediment in container 1. The solution is saturated and substance 4 is contained in a constant concentration, so that the active ingredient can be released to the medium in a uniform amount.
  • a finished active ingredient solution is used as substance 4, it should have a concentration which is significantly above the concentration of the active ingredient in the surrounding medium, so that a sufficient osmotic pressure can build up over a long period of time.
  • the water of the pond or the aquarium penetrates into the interior 3 via the semipermeable membrane 2 and dissolves the solid 4. Due to the difference in concentration of the solution and the surrounding medium, penetration continues Water.
  • the penetrating water initially displaces the gas (air) which may be located in the interior because of the unchanged total volume of the container 1 and, if this is filled, the active substance solution formed.
  • This is continuously released to the surrounding medium via the outlet 5, which is designed here in the form of a capillary.
  • the outlet 5 preferably has a capillary size, the ratio of capillary diameter to capillary length being no greater than 0.5. This can avoid that liquid from the medium penetrates into the interior 3 and mixes with the active ingredient. It is also possible to dose the substance to be dispensed in small amounts.
  • the system is exhausted when the solution in the interior 3 and the surrounding medium have no concentration differences.
  • the container 1 of the device is composed of a pot 6 and a lid 7, the edge of the membrane 2 being clamped between the pot 6 and the lid 7.
  • the membrane can be attached to or incorporated into the container 1 or lid 7 in a manner known per se.
  • Particularly preferred types of attachment for the manufacture and use of the device are to glue or weld the membrane onto the container, e.g. B. by ultrasound or microwaves, or with the help of mechanical devices, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • H 2 O 2 can be released into the medium as an active ingredient.
  • a peroxide salt or a solution containing H 2 O 2 is introduced.
  • a ball 8 is preferably arranged at the end of the outlet 5 and is coated with a catalyst, for example MnO 2 .
  • the MnO 2 catalyzes the decomposition of the H 2 O 2 in water and oxygen, which increases the effectiveness of the device according to the invention.
  • the outlet 5 is at the bottom of the pot 6.
  • this embodiment has the advantage that the pot 6 can be produced in a simple manner as a deep-drawn part, and on the other hand, the substance 4 or its solution can be refilled via the bottom opening 9.
  • a grid or mesh 10 made of a water-insoluble substance with bactericidal properties, preferably made of copper or silver, is arranged. It is also possible to coat the membrane 2 with it. Fungicides and bactericides can also be added to the salt or sugar solution.
  • FIG 3 shows a section through a further embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • the container 1 is closed with a cover 7, into which a semipermeable membrane 2 is incorporated.
  • a partition 11 divides the container into a first and a second volume 12, 13. It is shown here as a foldable bag.
  • the first volume 12 contains a salt or sugar solution 14.
  • the active substance solution 15 is located in the second volume 13.
  • the active substance solution 15 is released to the environment via the outlet 5, which is designed here in the form of a capillary and is incorporated in the cover 7.
  • FIG. 2 Another possible embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 2, in which the device functions like a piston.
  • the container 1 is a cylindrical vessel, in the bottom of which the outlet 5 is arranged.
  • the first volume expands downwards along the container walls and presses the stamp 16 downwards.
  • the plunger 16 downward By moving the plunger 16 downward, the active substance solution 15 is released from the second volume 13 to the environment via the outlet 5.
  • a cutting or piercing element 17 is arranged on the side of the container 1 opposite the semipermeable membrane 2.
  • the cutting or piercing element 17 pierces the partition 11 as soon as it has reached this end, ie the second volume 13 is essentially filled.
  • the arrangement of a cutting or piercing element 17 is particularly advantageous if the active substance solution 15 and the salt solution 14 react with one another to form a gas as soon as they come into contact with one another. This is the case, for example, when the active substance solution has a low pH, ie is acidic, and the salt solution 6 contains a carbonate, so that CO 2 forms during the reaction of the acidic solution with the carbonate. The liquid is displaced from the second volume 7 by the CO 2 that forms.
  • the weight of the container 1 is reduced and the container slowly floats up.
  • the floating container indicates that the device according to the invention has been used up.
  • Outlet 5 and piercing element 17 can be realized in a single component.
  • the cover 7 and the first volume 13 attached to it form a unit with the salt solution or a water-soluble salt-containing tablet 14, which as a whole can be removed from the container 1 and thus exchanged.
  • Such a configuration makes it possible to use the device again after the active substance solution 15 has been consumed.
  • the new active ingredient solution 15 is refilled into the container 1 (first volume 13) and the container 1 can be closed with a new unit consisting of an unused semipermeable membrane 2, undamaged bag 12 and concentrated salt solution 14.
  • the first volume 12 contains a further reaction element 18, which triggers a mechanism, which indicates when the system according to the invention is exhausted.
  • the element 18 is preferably made of a flexible material. It is divided into two spaces 20 and 21 by a destructible partition 19, the space 20 being filled with a substance which forms a gas in contact with water or other substances.
  • the second space 21 contains a puncturing and cutting element 22. If the system is set, for example, such that when the contents of the second volume 17 are completely emptied, no concentration compensation between the first volume 12 and the surroundings is achieved, the pressure inside the container increases. nisses 1 further. The element 19 is compressed by the increased pressure.
  • the cutting and piercing element 22 pierces the partition 19, whereby the substance in the space 20 fills the entire element 19.
  • the gas formation takes place, for example, via a catalyst located in space 21 or the substance is released into the first volume via appropriate devices, for example an outlet valve located in space 21 (not shown here), where it forms a gas by reaction with the remaining salt solution 14.
  • the liquid is displaced from the volume and the container floats.
  • the space is filled, for example, 20 with H 2 O 2 that forms by contacting with a suitable catalyst such as MnO 2, O 2.
  • FIG. 7 shows a configuration similar to FIG. 3, in which the container 1 is divided into a first and a second volume 12, 13 by a partition 11.
  • the volume containing the active ingredient solution 15 is shown as a foldable bag.
  • the first volume 12 contains the salt or sugar solution 14 and a third volume 23.
  • the third volume 23 is a floating body.
  • the volume or the density of the floating body is dimensioned such that when the second volume 13 is emptied, ie when the active substance solution 15 is almost completely released to the medium, the density of the total th device is smaller than the density of the surrounding medium and the device floats.
  • the first volume 12 is divided into two spaces 24 and 25 in the container 1, which are connected to one another via a, preferably flexible, channel 26.
  • a, preferably flexible, channel 26 Such a configuration is particularly suitable if the osmotic pressure and thus the dosage of the active ingredient can only be adjusted poorly within the system.
  • FIG. 9 Another preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 9. This embodiment is particularly suitable if the active substance solution 15 is to be reacted with another substance. This is the case, for example, when carbon dioxide is to be supplied to a body of water, for example for acidification or as plant food. Carbon dioxide is generally obtained by reacting a carbonate or a carbonate-containing solution with an acid. A precise metering of the CO 2 formed can be achieved, for example, if a carbonate solution is used as the active ingredient solution 15. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the carbonate solution is passed via the outlet 5 into a reaction space 27 in which there is an acid, for example hydrochloric acid.
  • an acid for example hydrochloric acid.
  • a reaction between the carbonate solution and the hydrochloric acid forms CO 2 , which is released from the reaction space 27 to the environment via the second outlet 28, if appropriate via a suitable line.
  • the delivery of the carbonate solution to the reaction space 27 and thus the amount of carbonate reacted can be metered precisely with hydrochloric acid.
  • An acid for example, a hydrochloric, sulfuric, citric, acetic acid, etc., can also be metered onto a solid carbonate or bicarbonate.
  • the container 1 is surrounded in a container 29 with a defined content of surrounding medium 30, for example water, etc., which passes through the membrane 2.
  • medium 30 is consumed.
  • the scale 31 can be used to read when the system is exhausted, for example whether the active ingredient solution 8 has already been submitted in full.
  • this is used to balance the concentration of fertilizer devices for plants.
  • the plants are supplied with nutrient concentrates that contain the necessary minerals and other agents. Over time, the concentration of active substances in the nutrient solution drops.
  • the device according to the invention is constructed in such a way that the expansion volume, i.e. the first volume 12 shown in Figure 1, a salt solution 14 is contained, which contains the optimal concentration of the individual ingredients of the fertilizer solution as components.
  • the active ingredient solution 15 is a concentrated solution of the nutrient solution. Due to the expanding first volume 12, the concentrated nutrient solution 15 is slowly released into the nutrient solution, as a result of which the content of the nutrients is continuously replenished in accordance with the consumption by the plants.
  • FIG. 10 shows an embodiment similar to that in FIG. 3, which consists of a container 1 with a lid 7.
  • the interior 3 is divided by a partition 11 into a first and a second volume 12, 13.
  • the outlet 5 is designed here in the form of a capillary.
  • the outlet capillary 5 is guided centrosymmetrically in the cover 7.
  • the membrane 2 is incorporated into the cover 7 shown in FIG. 11.
  • the membrane 2 is protected by a grid 10.
  • the membrane surface is divided into a plurality of surfaces 35 via webs 34. By masking the surfaces 35 with a film 36, the size of the membrane and thus the metering capacity can be adjusted.
  • the outlet 5 is located in the bottom opening 9 of the container 1.
  • This embodiment is also closed with a cover 7, into which the membrane 2 is incorporated and divided into a plurality of surfaces 35 by means of webs 34 (FIG 13).
  • this has no centrosymmetrical outlet.
  • the container 1, as shown in FIG. 12 it is also possible for the container 1, as shown in FIG. 12, to be composed of side walls and a bottom closure. In the bottom closure, the opening 9 is incorporated.
  • the cover 7 is designed in the form of a flange. It has an inlet and an outlet 37, 38 for the medium.
  • This embodiment can be used, for example, in systems in which the medium or water flows or is circulated. The medium or the water is via the inlet 37 passed into the cover 7 and comes into contact with the membrane 2 in the interior 39. An osmotic pressure builds up over the concentration gradient from saline solution 14 to the medium or water, which causes the active ingredient solution to be delivered to the medium via outlet 5. The medium continues to flow through the outlet 38. If the embodiment shown in FIG. 14 is used in systems with a standing medium, the active ingredient solution can be metered in using suitable means, such as metering valves 40.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de distribution dosable de substances coulantes dans des systèmes, qui se caractérise en ce qu'il comprend un récipient (1) contenant un espace intérieur (3) à volume sensiblement constant, relié au milieu ambiant par l'intermédiaire d'une membrane (2) semi-perméable. Le dispositif contient également une substance (4) qui crée une pression osmotique en liaison avec le milieu ambiant ou le système environnant et comprend un orifice d'évacuation (5).
EP98912336A 1997-02-24 1998-02-19 Dispositif de distribution dosee de substances Ceased EP0964742A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1997107198 DE19707198A1 (de) 1997-02-24 1997-02-24 Vorrichtung zur dosierten Abgabe von Stoffen an Systeme
DE19707198 1997-02-24
DE19736507 1997-08-22
DE1997136507 DE19736507A1 (de) 1997-08-22 1997-08-22 Vorrichtung zur dosierten Abgabe von Stoffen
PCT/EP1998/000949 WO1998037959A2 (fr) 1997-02-24 1998-02-19 Dispositif de distribution dosee de substances

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0964742A2 true EP0964742A2 (fr) 1999-12-22

Family

ID=26034209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98912336A Ceased EP0964742A2 (fr) 1997-02-24 1998-02-19 Dispositif de distribution dosee de substances

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0964742A2 (fr)
AU (1) AU6721698A (fr)
PL (1) PL335420A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998037959A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19955446A1 (de) * 1999-11-18 2001-06-13 Vta Engineering Und Umwelttech Dosiereinrichtung und Verfahren zum Dosieren von Chemikalien
AU2001234026A1 (en) * 2000-03-06 2001-09-17 Groundwater Chemtest Aps Device and method for bringing a compound into contact with an environment
GB0013281D0 (en) * 2000-06-01 2000-07-26 Dyecor Limited Actuator
GB0022710D0 (en) 2000-09-15 2000-11-01 Bp Oil Int Dispenser and method of use
DE10351860B3 (de) * 2003-11-06 2005-01-27 Eads Space Transportation Gmbh Versorgungseinheit für Aquarium
US20070163968A1 (en) * 2006-01-17 2007-07-19 Johnsondiversey, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing treatment chemicals to process water systems
US8702995B2 (en) * 2008-05-27 2014-04-22 Dober Chemical Corp. Controlled release of microbiocides
US8591747B2 (en) 2008-05-27 2013-11-26 Dober Chemical Corp. Devices and methods for controlled release of additive compositions

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA701366B (en) * 1970-03-02 1971-06-30 J Raubenheimer Improvements in the dosing of liquids
US3995631A (en) * 1971-01-13 1976-12-07 Alza Corporation Osmotic dispenser with means for dispensing active agent responsive to osmotic gradient
US3995632A (en) * 1973-05-04 1976-12-07 Alza Corporation Osmotic dispenser
US5059316A (en) * 1988-05-25 1991-10-22 Renton Michael B Water treatment device
US5030216A (en) * 1989-12-15 1991-07-09 Alza Corporation Osmotically driven syringe
US5798119A (en) * 1995-06-13 1998-08-25 S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Osmotic-delivery devices having vapor-permeable coatings

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO9837959A3 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998037959A3 (fr) 1998-11-12
WO1998037959A2 (fr) 1998-09-03
AU6721698A (en) 1998-09-18
PL335420A1 (en) 2000-04-25

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