Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
  • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
  • F42B5/025—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile characterised by the dimension of the case or the missile

Definitions

• the invention relates to firearms, and in particular to improved ammunition for side arms and improved side arms to fire such ammunition.
• firearms fall into four separate families, those being: a) Small calibre weapons using ammunition ranging in size from 0.22 inch which are commonly fired from small handguns; b) Small arms weapons which use straight sided centre fire ammunition, the ammunition being fired from handguns and semi-automatic guns, the common bores being 0.38 inch, 0.357 inch, 0.44 inch, 9 mm and 10 mm which offer accuracy over a range up to 50 metres; c) combat rifles which fire ammunition sending projectiles at very high velocities over ranges of 500 metres plus, the common bores being 0.223 inch (5.56 mm), 5.7 mm, 0.303 inch, 7.62 mm and 0.50 inch; and d) Heavy weapons for firing ammunition up to 2 kilometres commonly having bores of 20 mm, 30 mm and larger, and which are used in extreme range combat to deliver large payloads, e.g. anti-tank and anti-aircraft ammunition.
• Small arms and small calibre weapons are convenient simply because they are small and lightweight, which makes them easy to use and carry about the person.
• Pistol ammunition produces low velocity wound characteristics, characterised in animals by the destruction of tissue in the path of the projectile, and a minor amount of secondary cavity damage around the path of the projectile. It is the effect of the projectile destroying objects in its path which neutralises the target.
• rifle ammunition produces high velocity wounding where it is not only destruction of tissue by the projectile which causes neutralisation, but damage to tissues caused by a velocity induced shock wave. The projectile itself causes limited damage, rather it is the shock wave induced by the projectile which results in severe trauma damage, sometimes known as temporary cavity damage.
• Single shot pistols often being of bolt action type have been adapted to receive a rifle cartridge.
• sidearm shall be understood to encompass weapons such as pistols, and carbines.
• the invention provides ammunition suitable for firing from a side arm comprising a cartridge adapted to fire a projectile, the cartridge case having at one end a portion of reduced diameter, the projectile being held in the said portion of reduced diameter, wherein the ratio of the external diameter of the cartridge case at its widest point to the external diameter of the projectile at its widest point is greater than 1.26 to 1.
• One aspect of the invention provides ammunition suitable for firing from a side arm comprising a cartridge adapted to fire a projectile, the cartridge case having at one end a portion of reduced diameter, the projectile being held in the said portion of reduced diameter, wherein the ratio of the external diameter of the cartridge case at its widest point to the external diameter of the projectile at its widest point is such that when the projectile is fired into a target high velocity wounding is caused.
• the invention also provides a cartridge case having at one end a portion of reduced diameter to receive a projectile therein, wherein the ratio of the external diameter of the cartridge case at its widest point to the internal diameter of the portion of reduced diameter at its widest point is greater than 1.26 to 1 , and is preferably between 1.5 to 1 and 2.8 to 1 , and still more preferably is 1.3 to 1 and 2.0 to 1.
• the ratio of the external diameter of the cartridge case at its widest point to the external diameter of the projectile at its widest point is between 1.5 to 1 and 2.8 to 1.
• the external diameter of the cartridge case at its widest point is 1.3 to 2.0 times the external diameter of the projectile.
• the external diameter of the cartridge case at its widest point is substantially .8 times the external diameter of the projectile.
• the external diameter of the projectile is substantially 5.56 mm
• the external diameter of the cartridge case is substantially 10.80 mm.
• the cartridge case is formed from a standard parallel sided cartridge case, having a length of between 17 and 25 mm.
• the projectile may be a standard 5.56 mm (0.224 inch) projectile.
• the cartridge may be formed from a standard 10 mm cartridge case, having a length of 25 mm.
• the cartridge may be formed from a standard 40 Smith & Wesson parallel sided cartridge case, having a length of 21.5 mm.
• the cartridge case may be a high pressure or low pressure case.
• the external diameter of the cartridge case is substantially 9.6 mm and the external diameter of the projectile is greater than or equal to 4.5 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm.
• the external diameter of the cartridge case is substantially 12 mm and the external diameter of the projectile is greater than or equal to 4.5 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm.
• the cartridge case may be swaged to provide the portion of reduced diameter.
• the cartridge case is preferably formed from brass.
• the projectile may be a standard full metal jacketed projectile.
• the powder used in the cartridge is preferably a nitro based powder.
• One aspect of the invention also provides a gun barrel having a chamber at one end so shaped and dimensioned as to receive ammunition according to the invention, one end of the said chamber entering into a rifled barrel of a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the projectile to be shot therethrough.
• Another aspect of the invention provides a self-loading, automatic, or semiautomatic side-arm comprising a gun barrel having a chamber at one end so shaped and dimensioned as to receive ammunition according to the invention, one end of the said chamber entering into a rifled barrel of a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the projectile to be shot therethrough.
• the ammunition of the invention fires its projectile at a much greater velocity, and therefore over a much longer range than would be the case with ammunition attached to a straight sided cartridge case. This is because the diameter of the projectile is less than the diameter of the case.
• the ammunition of the invention allows side arms to fire projectiles which behave in a similar manner to projectiles fired from rifles.
• the projectiles fired from ammunition according to the invention can produce high velocity wounding.
• the ammunition uses known components which are the subject of considerable research regarding flight characteristics and terminal effects.
• Figure 1 is a side view of a cartridge case comprising part of ammunition according to the invention
• Figure 2 is a cross-section of a cartridge case comprising part of ammunition according to the invention.
• Figure 3 is a cross-section of ammunition according to the invention.
• Figure 4 is a cross-section of a barrel according to another aspect of the invention.
• Figure 5 is a graph of bullet velocity against distance for the ammunition of the invention and two other ammunition types of the art;
• Figure 6 is a graph of bullet energy against distance for the ammunition of the invention and two other ammunition types of the art
• Figure 7 is a graph of bullet drop against distance for the ammunition of the invention and two other ammunition types of the art
• Figure 8 is a graph of time of flight against distance for the ammunition of the invention and two other ammunition types of the art
• Figure 9 is a graph of bullet path against distance for the ammunition of the invention and two other ammunition types of the art.
• Figure 10 is a graph of combined distance from center against distance for the ammunition of the invention and two other ammunition types of the art.
• Figure 1 shows a cartridge case 1 having a primer 2 attached to one end thereof. At the other end of the case 1 there is a portion of reduced diameter 3. In the region 4 between the straight sided portion of the cartridge case 1 and the portion of reduced diameter 3, the sides of the cartridge case slope.
• the diameters A and B are 10.80 mm
• the diameter C is 10.75 mm
• the diameter D of the portion of reduced diameter 3 is 6.46 mm
• the internal diameter E is 5.66 mm.
• Letters F to K designate lengths of different parts of the cartridge case 1.
• K is 23.00 mm
• J is 19.25 mm
• I is 15.82 mm
• H is 3.20 mm
• G is 2.48 mm
• F is 1.40 mm.
• the angle y is 32 degrees in the preferred embodiment.
• the cartridge case 1 is formed by taking a standard 25 mm cartridge case and forming the portion of reduced diameter and the region having sloping sides by means of swaging.
• the internal diameter E of 5.66 mm accommodates a standard 0.224 inch (5.56 mm) projectile.
• the cartridge case 1 is shown in cross-section in Figures 2 and 3, and it can be seen that the case 1 has an internal chamber 5 in which powder is held.
• a projectile 6 is fitted in the portion of reduced diameter 3.
• the projectile 6 comprises an inner shaped steel or lead mass 8, surrounded by a copper jacket 7.
• Many different projectiles of a size suitable to fit into the portion of reduced diameter 3 are known and may be used in place of the projectile 6 shown.
• FIG. 4 there is shown a barrel 10, comprising at one end a chamber 11 which is shaped to accommodate ammunition according to the invention, and a rifled barrel section 12.
• the barrel 10 is attached to a weapon by means of block 13 having an aperture 14 through which a pin may pass.
• the chamber 11 has a sloping face 15 and a portion of reduced diameter 16 which co-operate with the sloping face 4 and portion of reduced diameter 3 of the cartridge case shown in Figures 1 and 2.
• the diameter of chamber 1 1 tapers 17 for a short distance to the end of the chamber 11.
• the rifled barrel section 12 begins.
• Tapered section 17 accommodates the shaped projectile such as the projectile 6 shown in Figure 3.
• the dimensions of the chamber may be nominally 0.1 mm greater than those of the ammunition according to the invention.
• Figures 5 to 10 are graphs showing the performance of the ammunition of the present invention compared with the performance of 9mm FMJ and 0.40 Smith and Wesson as modelled on the "Oehler Ballistic Explorer".
• trace 1 indicates the performance of the ammunition of the invention
• trace 2 indicates the performance of 9mm FMJ ammunition
• trace 3 indicates the performance of 0.40mm Smith and Wesson ammunition.
• Each of the graphs serves to show that the ammunition of the invention significantly out performs the 9mm FMJ and the 0.40 Smith and Wesson.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
• Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
• Toys (AREA)
• Pyrrole Compounds (AREA)
• Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
• Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
• Closures For Containers (AREA)
• Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
• Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
• Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
• Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=10811501

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 1997
  • 1997-04-29 GB GBGB9708629.2A patent/GB9708629D0/en active Pending
  • 1997-09-22 TR TR1999/02707T patent/TR199902707T2/xx unknown
  • 1997-09-22 DE DE69734727T patent/DE69734727T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-09-22 HU HU0002146A patent/HU225974B1/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-09-22 DE DE19782273T patent/DE19782273T1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1997-09-22 CA CA002322411A patent/CA2322411A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-09-22 AU AU43132/97A patent/AU4313297A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-09-22 WO PCT/GB1997/002581 patent/WO1998049515A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1997-09-22 RU RU99125214/02A patent/RU2221212C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-09-22 EP EP97941109A patent/EP0979382B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-09-22 ES ES97941109T patent/ES2255110T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-09-22 AT AT97941109T patent/ATE310938T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-09-22 GB GB9809041A patent/GB2324850B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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