EP0984318A2 - Vitrage feuilleté à réflectance électriquement controllée - Google Patents

Vitrage feuilleté à réflectance électriquement controllée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0984318A2
EP0984318A2 EP99114576A EP99114576A EP0984318A2 EP 0984318 A2 EP0984318 A2 EP 0984318A2 EP 99114576 A EP99114576 A EP 99114576A EP 99114576 A EP99114576 A EP 99114576A EP 0984318 A2 EP0984318 A2 EP 0984318A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glass pane
proton
laminated glass
layer
oxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99114576A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0984318A3 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Leupolz
Monika Dr. Golly
Thomas Kränzler
Werner Dr. Scherber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
Dornier GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dornier GmbH filed Critical Dornier GmbH
Publication of EP0984318A2 publication Critical patent/EP0984318A2/fr
Publication of EP0984318A3 publication Critical patent/EP0984318A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/19—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on variable-reflection or variable-refraction elements not provided for in groups G02F1/015 - G02F1/169
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B32B17/10201—Dielectric coatings
    • B32B17/10211—Doped dielectric layer, electrically conductive, e.g. SnO2:F
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
    • B32B17/10513—Electrochromic layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
    • G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
    • G02F1/1524—Transition metal compounds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/34—Metal hydrides materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a laminated glass pane with an electrically controllable Reflectance, in particular for regulating the entry of sunlight and Solar heat in vehicles or buildings.
  • Disk systems with controllable light transmission are e.g. from DE 36 29 879 C2 known.
  • the disadvantage of the electrochromic used there Disk systems consists in that the transmission is done by coloring, ie is regulated by an absorptive mechanism of action.
  • the colored Sunshine is absorbed in the coloring layer and condition As desired, it does not get directly into the glazed room. Through the However, absorption heats up the disc itself to a great extent. Especially with Prolonged exposure to the sun leads to an undesirable time delay indirect heating of the room behind.
  • the actual functional layer consists of one Rare earth metal hydride layer with catalyst top layer.
  • Switching the Reflection is based on the reversible change in the hydrogenation state of the layer between a metallic highly reflective dihydride phase and a semi-conductive Trihydride phase with very little reflection.
  • the switching process is carried out by a catalytic gas reaction caused by hydrogen-containing gas.
  • the control requires a double disc with a gap, whereby by The gas concentration in the space between the panes changes the optical Properties of the functional layer are switched.
  • the triggering of the Switching to the transparent state requires the provision or Generation of hydrogen-containing gas in the space between the panes is initiated.
  • EP 0 574 791 A2 discloses a polymer electrolyte membrane made of sulfonated Polyether ketones for use in fuel cells.
  • JP 07 - 043 753 A describes an electrochromic cell for controlling the incidence of light described by a window in which a tantalum oxide layer to protect the electrochromic functional layer against contact with the organic Electrolyte is present.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a laminated glass pane, the in the visual range (especially in the wavelength range between 300 and 800 nm) by applying a low electrical control voltage between one highly transparent and reflective state reversible over many switching cycles can be switched.
  • the mode of operation of the laminated glass pane according to the invention is as follows: Apply to the transparent conductive coating and to the Functional layer an electrical voltage of typically 2 V, so that on the functional layer is the negative pole of the voltage source, so migrate positively charged protons from the proton storage layer through the solid electrolyte the functional layer and are neutralized there so that atomic hydrogen arises.
  • a reversible chemical reaction turns the atomic hydrogen into the functional layer is stored, whereby the material of the functional layer of a metallic highly reflective in a semiconducting state with low Converts reflection. If the polarity is reversed, the positive pole is on the functional layer, protons are formed by the electrolyte hike back into the storage layer. This makes the functional layer converted back to a material with a metallic character.
  • On the at the known gas control necessary catalyst layer of the electroreflective Functional layer can be omitted because the proton on the surface too atomic hydrogen is reduced directly into the functional layer can diffuse in.
  • the laminated glass pane according to the invention can thus by electrical Reversible control between a state with high transmission and a State with high reflection can be switched. This makes it possible Controlling the heat input in glazed objects very effectively. At high Sunshine is caused by reflection on the disc overheating Object prevented. By switching to the transparent state at desired heating or exposure a high degree of permeability for Allows sun exposure.
  • the Disk itself largely cold due to reflection of solar radiation energy. This allows the degree of energy penetration of the glazing for Control long-term radiation very effectively.
  • the functional layer is also an electrode for electrical control forms, a homogeneous, full-surface and fast switching process is made possible.
  • the laminated glass pane according to the invention can in particular be used as a vehicle or Building glazing can be used. However, their use is also possible for Light control, e.g. in headlight systems.
  • the electroreflective functional layer consists of an alloy of the hydrides of a rare earth metal (especially yttrium, gadolinium, samarium) and magnesium.
  • a rare earth metal especially yttrium, gadolinium, samarium
  • electroreflective describes a layer whose reflectivity can be changed by electrical control.
  • the proportion of the rare earth metal or metals is preferably in the range from 20 to 80%, for example Y 30 Mg 70 .
  • a reversible switch is made between the metallic dihydride phase YH 2 and the semiconducting trihydride phase YH 3 .
  • the atomic hydrogen necessary for the switching process is stored in the storage layer as a proton.
  • Metal oxides for example also cathodically coloring electrochromic layers, including in particular tungsten oxide WO 3, are very well suited for proton storage. If the protons migrate from the functional layer into such an electrochromic storage layer, it will change color, in the case of WO 3 blue. Since this effect is undesirable for some applications, it can be advantageous to modify the electrochromic layer in such a way that the proton storage causes only a slight coloration. This is achieved by mixing the tungsten oxide with titanium oxide TiO 2 .
  • Other materials suitable for the proton storage layer are MoO 3 , Nb 2 O 5 , V 2 O 5 .
  • the electrolyte consists of an oligomer or polymer of sulfonated polyether ketones (PEK, PEEK) with a mobile proton carrier such as imidazole or pyrazole.
  • the electrolyte consists of a copolymer of acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and another (meth) acrylic derivative and mobile proton carrier such as imidazole or pyrazole.
  • AMPS acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid
  • the glass pane 1b When used as intended, the glass pane 1b is the radiation whose Penetration should be prevented. When used as For example, car window glass 1b will be the outer window.
  • the electro-reflective functional layer 6 made of an alloy of the hydrides of a rare earth metal and magnesium can be applied to the glass pane 1b in a high vacuum by means of a PVD process (vacuum evaporation, sputtering process).
  • a PVD process vacuum evaporation, sputtering process
  • it In order to prevent oxidation of the functional layer 6 when it is removed from the vacuum apparatus and subsequent further processing, it must be provided with a transparent, ion-permeable oxidation protection layer 5 while maintaining the high vacuum.
  • Proton-conducting oxides such as niobium oxide NbO 3 , vanadium oxide V 2 O 5 tantalum oxide or fluorides such as magnesium fluoride MgF 2 or lead fluoride PbF 2 are used as oxidation protection layers according to the invention. These materials are highly transparent and thus allow high transmission values in the transparent switching state.
  • the hydrogenation of the functional layer 6 can take place either as a reactive process directly during production or as
  • the second glass sheet 1 a is provided with a transparent conductivity layer 2 provided (e.g. ITO) and coated with the proton storage layer 3.
  • Latter ensures the necessary stability of the system in which the for the switching process necessary atomic hydrogen in the proton storage layer as a proton is saved.
  • the layer is loaded with protons electrochemically, at Tungsten oxide e.g. in a sulfuric acid electrolyte.
  • the two are used to produce the laminated glass pane according to the invention coated disks 1, a, 1b by means of the transparent proton-conducting Electrolytes via which the proton transport between storage layer 3 and electro-reflective functional layer 6 takes place, glued.
  • Processing the electrolytes in the production of the laminated glass pane can be done in that a Electrolyte sheet is made between the coated glass panes inserted and glued at elevated temperature and pressure.
  • Another One possibility is to make a cuvette from the coated glass panes to produce, fill the electrolyte in liquid form and then by Cure temperature or UV light. Due to its mechanical properties As a solid polymer electrolyte, it ensures good mechanical stability of the Complete system with corresponding laminated glass properties.
  • the system is contacted in the version shown via the Proton storage layer 3 adjacent electrode 2 and via the electroreflective Functional layer 6.
  • the Contacting but also a separate electrode, e.g. from ITO, between Functional layer 6 and first glass pane 1b may be present.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
EP99114576A 1998-09-03 1999-07-24 Vitrage feuilleté à réflectance électriquement controllée Withdrawn EP0984318A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19840186A DE19840186C2 (de) 1998-09-03 1998-09-03 Verbundglasscheibe mit elektrisch steuerbarem Reflexionsgrad
DE19840186 1998-09-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0984318A2 true EP0984318A2 (fr) 2000-03-08
EP0984318A3 EP0984318A3 (fr) 2001-01-03

Family

ID=7879692

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99114576A Withdrawn EP0984318A3 (fr) 1998-09-03 1999-07-24 Vitrage feuilleté à réflectance électriquement controllée

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6259549B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0984318A3 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000204862A (fr)
DE (1) DE19840186C2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1605302A4 (fr) * 2003-03-14 2008-10-15 Sharp Kk Element de gradation et element d'affichage l'utilisant

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US6647166B2 (en) * 2000-08-17 2003-11-11 The Regents Of The University Of California Electrochromic materials, devices and process of making
DE10141897C1 (de) * 2001-08-28 2003-04-17 Interpane Entw & Beratungsges System mit Verglasungselement und Gasversorgungsvorrichtung
US6919536B2 (en) 2002-04-05 2005-07-19 Guardian Industries Corp. Vehicle window with ice removal structure thereon
US7042615B2 (en) * 2002-05-17 2006-05-09 The Regents Of The University Of California Electrochromic devices based on lithium insertion
ES2228233B1 (es) * 2002-10-28 2006-05-16 Universidad Politecnica De Valencia Ventana optica inteligente y procedimiento para su fabricacion.
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JP5105140B2 (ja) 2005-09-12 2012-12-19 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 全固体型反射調光エレクトロクロミック素子及びそれを用いた調光部材
DE102005049081B3 (de) * 2005-10-13 2007-06-06 Webasto Ag Schichtanordnung zur Abdunklung einer transparenten Scheibe
DE102007013331A1 (de) * 2006-07-01 2008-01-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Sonnenschutzvorrichtung mit winkelselektiver Transmission
JP4399583B2 (ja) 2006-12-19 2010-01-20 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 マグネシウム・チタン合金を用いた全固体型反射調光エレクトロクロミック素子及び調光部材
JP5136978B2 (ja) 2007-06-18 2013-02-06 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 バッファ層を有する全固体型反射調光エレクトロクロミック素子及びそれを用いた調光部材
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JP5628157B2 (ja) * 2008-06-17 2014-11-19 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ 外観変更装置、及び該装置を製造するための方法
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US9664974B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2017-05-30 View, Inc. Fabrication of low defectivity electrochromic devices
ES2450520T5 (es) 2010-03-05 2017-08-07 Sage Electrochromics, Inc. Laminado de un dispositivo electrocrómico a sustratos de vidrio
FR2962682B1 (fr) 2010-07-16 2015-02-27 Saint Gobain Vitrage electrochimique a proprietes optiques et/ou energetiques electrocommandables
US20120287510A1 (en) * 2011-05-12 2012-11-15 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Transreflective vehicle mirror system
WO2013039173A1 (fr) 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 Élément réfléchissant électrochromique de gradation dans lequel est insérée une couche électrolytique conductrice d'ions hydrogène non aqueuse, et élément de gradation utilisant ledit élément réfléchissant électrochromique de gradation
CA2859023C (fr) 2011-12-12 2023-08-22 View, Inc. Dispositifs en couches minces et fabrication de ceux-ci
CN104661787A (zh) 2012-04-05 2015-05-27 Sage电致变色显示有限公司 用于电变色装置制造的热激光划线切割方法和设备及相应的切割玻璃面板
JP6057255B2 (ja) * 2012-06-20 2017-01-11 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 反射型調光素子。
KR102003101B1 (ko) * 2015-08-20 2019-07-23 (주)엘지하우시스 애플리케이션을 이용한 스마트 창호 제어시스템
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EP1605302A4 (fr) * 2003-03-14 2008-10-15 Sharp Kk Element de gradation et element d'affichage l'utilisant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2000204862A (ja) 2000-07-25
US6259549B1 (en) 2001-07-10
DE19840186A1 (de) 2000-03-30
DE19840186C2 (de) 2003-03-13
EP0984318A3 (fr) 2001-01-03

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