EP0985241A1 - Module de chauffage monobloc a cellules electrochimiques a membrane electrolytique en polymere, son utilisation et pile de cellules electrochimiques a membrane electrolytique en polymere - Google Patents

Module de chauffage monobloc a cellules electrochimiques a membrane electrolytique en polymere, son utilisation et pile de cellules electrochimiques a membrane electrolytique en polymere

Info

Publication number
EP0985241A1
EP0985241A1 EP98933471A EP98933471A EP0985241A1 EP 0985241 A1 EP0985241 A1 EP 0985241A1 EP 98933471 A EP98933471 A EP 98933471A EP 98933471 A EP98933471 A EP 98933471A EP 0985241 A1 EP0985241 A1 EP 0985241A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
pem fuel
heating module
seal
gas distribution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98933471A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0985241B1 (fr
Inventor
Bernd Rohland
Joachim Scholta
Georg Zettisch
Wolfgang Epple
Vojtech Plzak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zentrum fuer Sonnenenergie und Wasserstoff Forschung Baden Wuerttemberg
Original Assignee
Zentrum fuer Sonnenenergie und Wasserstoff Forschung Baden Wuerttemberg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0985241A1 publication Critical patent/EP0985241A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0985241B1 publication Critical patent/EP0985241B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
    • H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • Integral PEM fuel cell heating module and its use as well as PEM fuel cell stack are integral PEM fuel cell heating module and its use as well as PEM fuel cell stack
  • the present invention relates to an integral polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell heating module and its use and a PEM fuel cell stack for use in such a heating module.
  • the heating module according to the invention is used in particular in a fuel line system for domestic energy supply.
  • Stationary PEM fuel cells convert pure hydrogen into electricity and usable heat. They achieve a gas utilization rate of over 90% and an electrical efficiency of 40% at full load to 65% at part load.
  • the temperature level of the heat that can be extracted for heating purposes is 50-75 c C.
  • the polymer electrolyte membrane of PEM fuel cells must be moistened by the reaction gases either with external water saturators or with a self-humidifying device in order to prevent them from drying out at operating temperatures of 60 to 80 ° C.
  • External humidification requires an expensive and energetically ineffective, additional outlay on equipment, which, moreover, cannot be controlled in the case of rapid load changes and leads to a loss in performance or efficiency as a result of drying out or cell-internal condensation.
  • Self-moistening through a platinum network integrated in the polymer electrolyte membrane as in J. Electrochem. Soc, Volume 143, No. 12, December 1996, proposed, increases the cost of fuel cells by excessive consumption of precious metals.
  • the methanol reformer gas contains up to about 10,000 ppm methanol vapor and 1,000-2,000 ppm carbon monoxide (CO), which has to be separated using expensive Ag / Pd membranes. CO contents up to 100 ppm can be oxidized to CO2 by adding 500 ppm O2 to the reformer gas at the PEM fuel cell anode made of coal / Pt-Ru at the operating temperature of the PEM fuel cell.
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • the PEM fuel cell anode can also be produced from two different noble metal catalyst components and the CO sensitivity of the anode can thereby be significantly improved.
  • the 1,000-2,000 ppm CO and 5,000-10,000 ppm methanol vapor present in the methanol reformer gas cannot be converted by such a PEM fuel cell anode, but must be separated down to 100 ppm by means of complex, upstream cleaning stages.
  • the water vapor present in the hydrogen, which is formed with the CO oxidation by the added excess oxygen is not sufficient for the anode-side membrane moistening.
  • the excess oxygen changes the anode irreversibly in the course of the operating time by oxidatively attacking the carbon support of the catalyst.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing a PEM fuel cell heating module which, without an external humidification device and rapidly changing current load, ensures constant optimal humidification of both the cathode side and the anode side of the polymer electrolyte membrane and for domestic energy supply in the size range of 2- 20 kW with methanol reformer gas can be used without an additional CO cleaning device.
  • the object of the invention is thus an integral polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell heating module comprising a PEM fuel cell stack, each fuel cell of the stack comprising a polymer electrolyte membrane, an anode on one side and a cathode on the other side of the membrane, comprises a gas distribution layer on the anode side, a gas distribution layer on the cathode side and bipolar plates which adjoin the gas distribution layers, the anode being designed as a three-layer anode which has a CO and / or methanol vapor oxidation-selective catalyst layer on the side facing away from the membrane Side and an electrochemically active layer on which the membrane th side and a contact layer of porous carbon paper between the catalyst layer and the electrochemically active layer, and wherein the gas distribution layer has air channels with free inlet and outlet openings; a thermally insulated, gas-tight, tubular hollow jacket (M) surrounding the PEM fuel cell stack; a methanol reformer (R), which generates
  • both the cathode side and the anode side of the polymer electrolyte membrane are optimally moistened.
  • cell-internal CO and CH OH fine gas cleaning succeeds, in which the 1,000-2,000 ppm CO and 5,000-10,000 ppm CH3OH contained in the methanol reformer gas are oxidized to CO2.
  • the PEM fuel cell stack is integrated in a gas-tight, thermally insulated, tubular hollow jacket, the cathode-side moistening of the polymer electrolyte membrane with the reaction water-containing cathode outlet air being carried out by recirculation to the cathode air inlet side.
  • This circulating air circulation of the moist cathode outlet air takes place at multiple, preferably 2 to 3 times the flow rate compared to the supply of dry fresh air or removal of moist air, which are regulated by the current load during operation of the heating module, so that no separate air humidification is necessary.
  • the membrane humidification on the anode side is achieved in the heating module according to the invention by the cell anode of each fuel cell designed as a three-layer anode.
  • the CO and methanol vapor oxidation-selective catalyst layer of this three-layer anode also oxidizes so much hydrogen to water or water vapor that the anode-side moistening of the membrane is ensured.
  • the methanol reformer gas contains 2,000 ppm CO, about 10,000 ppm (1%) hydrogen is oxidized to water vapor.
  • the heat development that occurs is approximately 2% of the total heat generation and is dissipated via the metallic, porous three-layer anode plate to the metallic bipolar plate, from which it is installed on the cathode side through the circulating air to one on the cathode air outlet side. gated heat exchanger is released.
  • the methanol reformer is arranged above the PEM fuel cell stack and inside the hollow jacket.
  • the water vapor required for the methanol reformer and the heating of the reformer are caused by catalytic residual gas combustion of the hydrogen coming from the PEM fuel cell stack, which is not completely, for example, only 90% converted.
  • the methanol reformer with catalytic residual gas burner is advantageously arranged in such a way that it is additionally heated by the circulating, warm circulating air. This is done by circulating the moist circulating air from the fan through the cathode-side air channels of the PEM fuel cells and then via the PEM fuel cell stack to the rear of the fan.
  • the methanol reformer and the catalytic residual gas burner are not arranged within the hollow jacket, but are combined to form an external unit together with a reformer gas starting tank and an electrochemical compressor.
  • the additional heating of the reformer by the warm circulating air is omitted.
  • an improved control characteristic of the reformer gas generation and storage in the starting tank can be achieved.
  • a fan propeller can be used as a fan in the heating module according to the invention.
  • the oxidation-selective catalyst layer of the three-layer anode provided according to the invention suitably consists of an electrically conductive matrix and an oxidic support material which is coated with metallic, oxidation-selective catalyst particles.
  • a metal felt such as nickel sponge or graphite, is suitable as the material for the electrically conductive matrix.
  • the oxidic carrier material enhances the catalytic action and is formed, for example, from zirconium oxide, titanium dioxide, cobalt oxide, cerium oxide, presodymium oxide, yttrium oxide, their mixtures or mixed oxides thereof.
  • the specific surface area of these oxidic carrier materials is suitably 1 to 100 m 2 / g, preferably more than 10 m 2 / g.
  • the oxidation-selective catalyst particles are suitably formed from noble metal, such as gold, ruthenium, rhodium or their alloys.
  • the electrochemically active layer of the three-layer anode is made of materials. det, as they are usually used for PEM anodes.
  • the contact layer made of porous carbon paper between the catalyst layer and the electrochemically active layer prevents the life of the catalyst layer from being adversely affected by the direct contact between the anode and the catalyst layer.
  • Commercially available porous carbon papers with a thickness of usually 20-100 ⁇ m are suitable for this contact layer.
  • the proton-conducting polymer electrolyte membrane consists of materials commonly used for PEM cells, such as are available under the trade name Nafion.
  • This polymer membrane is provided in a manner known per se on both sides with an electrode, which suitably consists of a catalytically activated carrier substrate and binders, for example carbon black and polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • Suitable catalysts are materials which are known per se and which have a sufficiently high activity for hydrogen oxidation or reduction, preferably metals and alloys from the platinum group.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a PEM fuel cell heating module as described above in a fuel cell system for domestic energy supply with an operating power of typically 2-20 kW.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of a PEM fuel cell according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows the structure of a PEM fuel cell stack
  • 4 schematically shows the arrangement of the bipolar plate elements including the electrode unit
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows the arrangement of the cooling plate elements.
  • the integral PEM fuel cell heating module shown in FIG. 1 consists of a PEM fuel cell stack FC, a fan propeller L, heat exchanger WT, methanol reformer R, anode residual gas burner B, reformer gas tank T and a gas-tight, all-round hollow jacket M.
  • the PEM fuel cell stack suitably consists of 20 to 100 PEM fuel cells which are electrically connected in series and stacked one behind the other.
  • the schematic structure of an individual fuel cell is shown in FIG. 2.
  • It comprises a three-layer anode consisting of an oxidation-selective catalyst layer in the form of a porous anode plate 1 and a Pt-Ru / C anode 2 and a contact layer (not shown) on the porous carbon paper between layers 1 and 2, a polymer electrolyte membrane 3, a Pt / C Cathode 4, a metallic gas distribution layer 5, a metallic gas distribution layer 7 with air channels 15 and bipolar / cooling plates 6.
  • the air channels 15 are open to the adjacent bipolar / cooling plate 6.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows the arrangement of the built-up fuel cell stack.
  • the cell stack consists of two end plates 10, which contain the screw connections for the gas and coolant connections and connections for current dissipation and potential measurement (not shown).
  • the cell-side design of the end plates is identical to that of the bipolar plate element 6.
  • the cell is followed by four cell units, the structure of which is shown in FIG. 2 on the electrode / catalyst side and in FIG. 4 on the seal / gas guide side.
  • the entire anode-side structure rests on a flat bipolar plate 6, which is provided at the edges with holes for screw connections and gas / coolant feedthroughs.
  • a gas distribution unit 5 which is surrounded on the outside by a structurally stable seal with a gas feedthrough. Channel openings lead from the gas duct into the interior containing the gas distribution unit 5.
  • the seal 12 covers the edge region of the bipolar plate.
  • the gas distribution unit 5, which e.g. consists of a structured felt.
  • the bipolar / cooling plate 6 consists in the edge elements 6a (Fig. 5) for example made of stainless steel in quality 1.4404, the seal 12 e.g. made of silicone. On this there is e.g.
  • a sealing element 14 which has the same shape as the support element 13 and e.g. consists of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the structure of the bipolar plate with cooling unit 6 is shown in FIG. 5.
  • This unit consists of two bipolar plates 6a, as described above, between which there is a sealing element 6b.
  • the structure of this corresponds to the seal 12 described, but contains channels leading from the channels 11 to the interior at the location of the channels used for cooling water transport.
  • a support element 6c which is designed, for example, as a titanium mesh.
  • the second end plate 10 is connected in order to complete the fuel cell stack.
  • the gas and coolant feedthroughs are designed so that a diagonal flow direction results for all gas and coolant flows.
  • the anode reformer gas is distributed internally to the individual cells via channels 11 in the stack and the air is supplied to the cathodes via the circulating air flow via the laterally open, channel-shaped cathode gas distributor layer 7.
  • the porous catalyst layer 1 of the three-layer anode consists of nickel sponge 8 and the oxidic catalyst particles 9 covered with noble metal with a large inner surface.
  • the PEM fuel cell heating module is started by supplying the fuel cell three-layer anodes with fuel gas from the reformer gas start tank when the electrical energy or heat is required and by starting the recirculation propeller and the fresh air supply. With a time interval of less than 3 seconds, the current corresponding to the demand is removed and the reformer gas flow and the fresh air supply according to Faraday's law are set in such a way via flow regulators that initially 50%, after 10 minutes 90% of the hydrogen and 30% of atmospheric oxygen are implemented. First 50%, then 10% of the converted reformer gas is converted in the catalytic anode residual gas burner B, as a result of which the methanol reformer is heated to 200.degree. When this temperature is reached, a methanol metering pump that is regulated by the current demand starts the reforming process and the reformer gas start tank is switched off.
  • the PEM fuel cell heating module now works dynamically in either electricity demand or heat demand-based operation.
  • the current is set to full load (40% electrical efficiency) until the target flow temperature at the heat exchanger is reached after the methanol metering and fresh air supply have been set to full load. If the target flow temperature is exceeded, the electricity and gas supply or methanol supply are throttled to partial load until the target flow temperature is set.
  • a PID control is activated, which is based on the module-internal proportionality between current and flow temperature. Excess electrical current is fed into the network.
  • the DC cell current is set directly via the AC current consumption. Since the transition times here are in the range of seconds, only the regulation of the fresh air and recirculated air flow can follow in time, but not the methanol reformer.
  • the reformer gas start tank is therefore switched on again as a buffer. Its constant level (target pressure) is guaranteed by a regulated bypass flow from the reformer. Excess heat can be stored as hot water.
  • the limits for extreme partial load operation in the heating module according to the invention are no longer determined by the required moistening of the membrane. In heat-based operation, they are given by the fact that the flow temperature falls below 40 ° C at 25% full load, because then effective heat use is no longer possible. In the case of operation based on power requirements, this limit is reached when the catalytic anode residual gas combustion is no longer sufficient to heat the reformer to 200 ° C. Due to the higher residual gas content, operation can be maintained up to 10% full load before the PEM fuel cell heating module has to be switched off and switched over to the remaining supply.
  • the PEM fuel cell heating module does not contain the methanol reformer and the catalytic anode residual gas burner with otherwise the same structure. These units are combined with the reformer gas start tank and an electrochemical H2 compressor to form an external unit. The reformer cannot be additionally heated by the warm circulating air. However, an improved control characteristic of the reformer gas generation and storage in the starting tank is achieved.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un module de chauffage à cellules electrochimiques à membrane électrolytique en polymère qui comprend une pile de cellules électrochimiques à membrane électrolytique en polymère, chaque cellule électrochimique de la pile présentant une membrane électrolytique en polymère (3), une anode, se trouvant sur un côté de cette membrane, et une cathode (4), se trouvant sur l'autre côté, une couche de répartition de gaz (7), placée du côté cathode, ainsi que des plaquettes bipolaires (6) contigües aux couches de répartition de gaz (5, 7). L'anode se présente sous la forme d'une anode à trois couches qui comporte une couche de catalyseur (1) à sélectivité d'oxidation de CO et/ou de vapeur de méthanol, placé sur le côté opposé à la membrane, une couche électrochimiquement active (2), placée sur le côté faisant face à la membrane, et une couche de contact constituée d'un papier carbone poreux, placée entre les couches (1) et (2). La couche de répartition de gaz (7) est pourvue de canaux à air (15) présentant des ouvertures libres d'entrée et de sortie. Ledit module comprend également: une enveloppe creuse (M) isolée thermiquement, étanche aux gaz, tubulaire qui entoure la pile de cellules électrochimiques à membrane électrolytique en polymère; en reformeur de méthanol (R) qui produit, à partir de vapeur d'eau et de méthanol, un gaz combustible hydrogéné, la production de vapeur d'eau et le chauffage du reformeur étant activée par un brûleur de gaz résiduel catalytique (B); et un ventilateur de circulation (L), placé à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe creuse (M), qui fait circuler de l'air humide à travers les canaux à air (15) de la couche de répartition de gaz (7). Le module de chauffage à cellules électrochimiques à membrane électrolytique en polymère peut être utilisée dans une installation à piles à combustible pour l'alimentation en énergie domestique.
EP98933471A 1997-05-05 1998-05-04 Module de chauffage monobloc a cellules electrochimiques a membrane electrolytique en polymere, son utilisation et pile de cellules electrochimiques a membrane electrolytique en polymere Expired - Lifetime EP0985241B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19718970A DE19718970A1 (de) 1997-05-05 1997-05-05 Integraler PEM-Brennstoffzellen-Heizungsmodul und dessen Verwendung sowie PEM-Brennstoffzellenstapel
DE19718970 1997-05-05
PCT/DE1998/001271 WO1998050975A1 (fr) 1997-05-05 1998-05-04 Module de chauffage monobloc a cellules electrochimiques a membrane electrolytique en polymere, son utilisation et pile de cellules electrochimiques a membrane electrolytique en polymere

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0985241A1 true EP0985241A1 (fr) 2000-03-15
EP0985241B1 EP0985241B1 (fr) 2001-08-22

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EP98933471A Expired - Lifetime EP0985241B1 (fr) 1997-05-05 1998-05-04 Module de chauffage monobloc a cellules electrochimiques a membrane electrolytique en polymere, son utilisation et pile de cellules electrochimiques a membrane electrolytique en polymere

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0985241B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19718970A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998050975A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000036679A1 (fr) * 1998-12-18 2000-06-22 The Regents Of The University Of California Configuration d'anode de pile a combustible offrant une tolerance en termes de monoxyde de carbone (co)
DE19904711C2 (de) * 1999-02-05 2002-02-07 Daimler Chrysler Ag Brennstoffzellensystem mit integrierter Wasserstofferzeugung
DE19964497B4 (de) 1999-03-10 2017-04-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Luftzufuhr zu PEM-Brennstoffzellen einer Brennstoffzellenanlage sowie Brennstoffzellenanlage
DE19921816C1 (de) * 1999-05-11 2000-10-26 Andre Peine Brennstoffzellen-System und Brennstoffzelle für derartiges System
DE19930872A1 (de) * 1999-07-05 2001-01-18 Siemens Ag Brennstoffzellenanlage mit integrierter Gasreinigung und Verfahren zur Reinigung des Reformergases
EP1353395A1 (fr) * 2002-04-12 2003-10-15 Stefan Höller Configuration de piles à combustible
AU2003256251A1 (en) 2002-04-24 2003-11-10 The Regents Of The University Of California Planar electrochemical device assembly
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DE19718970A1 (de) 1998-11-12
WO1998050975A1 (fr) 1998-11-12
DE59801262D1 (de) 2001-09-27
EP0985241B1 (fr) 2001-08-22

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