EP0990765B1 - Tube carottier à percussion - Google Patents

Tube carottier à percussion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0990765B1
EP0990765B1 EP99400428A EP99400428A EP0990765B1 EP 0990765 B1 EP0990765 B1 EP 0990765B1 EP 99400428 A EP99400428 A EP 99400428A EP 99400428 A EP99400428 A EP 99400428A EP 0990765 B1 EP0990765 B1 EP 0990765B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core tube
hammer
bits
equipment according
pressure fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99400428A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0990765A1 (fr
Inventor
Lewis Stansfield
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie du Sol SARL
Original Assignee
Compagnie du Sol SARL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie du Sol SARL filed Critical Compagnie du Sol SARL
Publication of EP0990765A1 publication Critical patent/EP0990765A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0990765B1 publication Critical patent/EP0990765B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/16—Plural down-hole drives, e.g. for combined percussion and rotary drilling; Drives for multi-bit drilling units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/02—Core bits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/12—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using drilling pipes with plural fluid passages, e.g. closed circulation systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/14—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using liquids and gases, e.g. foams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an equipment for boring large diameter holes into rocks.
  • large diameter holes mean holes having a diameter within the range of 1 to 3 metres and a depth within the range of one to 10 metres into the rock. Such holes are to be bored in the rock for foundation piles or other similar purposes.
  • the surface of the rock may be at ground level or may be covered by up to 50 metres or more of soil. Where there is soil lying over the rock, a hole will be bored down to the rock by some other means, and held open by a steel casing or support fluid, or a combination of both. Then a specific equipment is used to drill the rock itself.
  • a rock roller bit requires considerable downward force to be applied to the rollers to penetrate into the rock.
  • the bit is normally attached to a drill pipe which is rotated by a machine at the ground surface. Vertical force is applied to the bit either by hydraulic rams pressing down on the drill pipe or by heavy collars attached to the drill pipe on top of the bit.
  • the rollers are equipped with teeth or hemispherical buttons which crush the rock as they pass over its surface. Discs are also used for this purpose in very strong rock.
  • a percussive drill penetrates into the rock at a much faster rate than a rock roller bit or a rock roller core barrel. It is normally operated by compressed air which drives a single large hammer and bit or a number of smaller hammers and bits arranged together in a cluster.
  • the drill is normally attached to a drill pipe which is rotated by a machine at the ground surface and is also used to convey the compressed air to the hammer or hammers.
  • the energy required to operate a percussive drill is much higher than for a rock roller bit or rock roller core barrel, but is needed over a much shorter period.
  • Boring augers, toothed core barrels, digging buckets, cleaning buckets and chisels are used mainly for boring holes in weak rocks where acceptable progress can be made with this type of equipment. These tools, with the exception of the chisel, are normally attached to the Kelly bar of a piling rig. Chisels are raised and dropped in the hole either by a separate service crane or by the piling rig itself which may have hoisting facilities for this purpose.
  • the present invention relates to a drilling equipment which allows the cutting of an annular ring in the rock.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a drilling equipment for boring large diameter holes into rock which combines the high speed of percussive drilling with the economy of boring out only a ring of rock around the perimeter of the hole instead of boring out the rock over its full diameter.
  • the equipment for boring large diameter holes into the rock comprises :
  • a plurality of hammer means provided with percussive bits (14b) for penetrating into the rock, each hammer means having a vertical axis and, pressure fluid means for operating said hammer means, pressure fluid feed means for supplying pressure fluid in the vicinity of the bits of said hammer means, driving means connected to the upper end of said core tube for rotating said core tube about the vertical axis thereof, the said equipment for boring large diameter holes is characterized in that the hammer means are secured to the outer face of the core tube close to the lower end thereof so that the bits project beneath the lower end of the tube, and in that exhaust means are connected to said core tube for collecting the pressure fluid supplied in the vicinity of the bits and the rock cuttings transported by said pressure fluid from the bottom of the hole to the ground surface, whereby the said equipment can bore holes deeper than the average height of hammer means.
  • percussive core barrel in the following description, requires less energy than a percussive drill because it only bores out a ring of rock instead of rock over the entire diameter of the hole due to the fact that the hammers are rotated about the vertical axis of the core tube.
  • the percussive core barrel will penetrate into the rock at a much faster rate than a rock roller bit or a rock roller core barrel.
  • the hammer means are operated by compressed air and the pressure fluid supplied in the vicinity of the hammer bits is the compressed air for operating said hammer means.
  • the hammer means are operated by a pressurised liquid and the pressure fluid supplied in the vicinity of the hammer bits is compressed air supplied by pipes extending down to the level of the hammer bits.
  • the hammer means are operated by a pressurised liquid and the pressure fluid supplied in the vicinity of the hammer bits is-also the pressurised liquid used to operate the hammer means.
  • the percussive core barrel 10 comprises a cylindrical core barrel 12, a plurality of percussive hammers 14 and a drill pipe 16 which extends to the ground surface.
  • the core barrel 12 has a vertical axis XX', an upper end 12a, a lower end 12b and a free lower edge 12c.
  • the diameter D of the barrel 12 is equal to 1 500 mm in the present example. More generally, this diameter is between 1 and 3 metres.
  • the length L of the barrel is equal to 4 metres. More generally, this length is between 3 to 6 metres.
  • the machine comprises 8 hammers 14 having a vertical axis and including a body 14a secured to the outer face of the lower end 12b of the barrel and a percussive bit 14b, the bit 14b projecting below the lower edge 12c of the barrel.
  • the hammers are regularly angularly disposed around the barrel 12.
  • the hammers have a diameter of about 20 cm. These hammers are operated by compressed air at a minimum air pressure of 14 bars. The total volume of air required for the 8 hammers is approximately 155 m 3 /min. As explained hereinafter, the hammers can also be operated by pressurised water or liquid. Additionally, the number of hammers might be different.
  • the hammers 14 are located in an annular volume 17 limited by the lower end of the barrel 12, an outer cylindrical shell 18 and an horizontal annular plate 20.
  • the compressed air is supplied to the hammers by means of feed pipes 22 which connect the hammers to a compressed air source (not shown) disposed at the ground surface.
  • the machine 10 also comprises exhaust pipes 24 which connect the annular volume 17 wherein the hammers are located to a tubular member 26 secured to the upper end of the barrel 12. This tubular member 26 is connected to a frusto conical tubular piece 28 which is secured to the drill pipe 16.
  • the machine also comprises a cylindrical spacer ring 30 secured to the barrel 12 and surrounding the upper end 12a of the barrel to act as a guide for the core barrel in the bore.
  • a cylindrical spacer ring 30 secured to the barrel 12 and surrounding the upper end 12a of the barrel to act as a guide for the core barrel in the bore.
  • the diameter of the outer shell 18 and the spacer ring 30 is slightly less than the diameter of the hole to be bored.
  • FIGS 2 and 5 show that the machine is equipped with depth control plates 32. These plates 32 secured to the core barrel extend below the lower edge 12c of the barrel and they are located between the hammer bits 14b. The purpose of these plates is to prevent the bits 14b from penetrating too far into the rock if the hammers 14 are operated without the core barrel being rotated by the drill pipe 16.
  • the core barrel 12 is rotated by the drill pipe 16 and the compressed air is supplied to the hammers to operate the bits 14b.
  • the bits 14b travel along a circular path around the core tube 12 and the bits 14b bore out a ring of rock, the width thereof corresponds to the size of the bits, leaving a core of rock inside the core tube 12.
  • the core of rock When the desired annular bore is obtained, the core of rock may be removed by means of a heavy steel chisel, weighing several tons, which is dropped on to the core of rock to break it into small pieces which can be removed from the hole by a mechanical grab or similar tools. If the depth of the hole required in the rock is more than the internal length L of the barrel 12, boring will be carried out in several stages, the core of rock from each stage being removed before the next stage has begun.
  • the compressed air is expelled through the bits 14b and most will return to the ground surface via the exhaust pipes and the drill pipe 16. This air will transport most of the rock cuttings produced by the bits. Some of the air will escape up the outside of the core barrel past the outer shell 18 because the outside diameter of the outer shell is slightly less than the outside diameter of the ring of rock bored out by the bits 14b. However, this will not have a significant detrimental effect on the performance of the percussive core barrel.
  • the hammers 14 are operated by compressed air.
  • the hammers are operated by hydraulic power and the rock cuttings are still transported by compressed air from the bottom of the hole to the ground surface, therefore a smaller volume of air is required.
  • the compressed air feed pipes are detached from the hammers and extended down to the level of the bits, so that air to transport the rock cuttings can be fed down to the bottom of the hole. Most of the air and rock cuttings will return to the ground surface via the exhaust pipes but some will escape up the outside of the core barrel past the outer shell.
  • Separate pipes are attached to the hammers 14 to transport the hydraulic fluid used for their operation.
  • water is used as hydraulic fluid to operate the hammers and is fed down via the feed pipes to the hammers and expelled through the bits.
  • the hole in which the percussive core barrel is being operated is kept full of water to the ground surface by means of a discharge pipe from a suitable water supply.
  • Compressed air is fed into the lower part of the machine to cause water and rock cuttings to rise up the exhaust pipes 24 and drill pipe 16 to be discharged at the ground surface.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Équipement pour forer des trous de grand diamètre dans des roches, comprenant :
    un tube d'âme cylindrique (12) ayant un axe vertical, une extrémité supérieure et une extrémité inférieure ;
    une pluralité de moyens formant marteaux (14) équipés de têtes de percussion (14b) pour pénétrer dans la roche, chaque moyen formant marteau (14) ayant un axe vertical ;
    des moyens à fluide sous pression (22) pour faire fonctionner lesdits moyens formant marteaux (14) ;
    des moyens d'alimentation de fluide sous pression pour fournir un fluide sous pression au voisinage des têtes (14b) desdits moyens formant marteaux (14) ; et
    des moyens d'entraínement connectés à l'extrémité supérieure dudit tube d'âme (12) pour faire tourner ledit tube d'âme (12) autour de son axe vertical ;
    caractérisé en ce que les moyens formant marteaux (14) sont fixés sur la face extérieure du tube d'âme (12) proche de son extrémité inférieure, de sorte que les têtes (14b) se projettent au-dessous de l'extrémité inférieure du tube, et en ce que des moyens d'échappement sont connectés audit tube d'âme (12) pour collecter le fluide sous pression fourni au voisinage des têtes (14b) et les débris de roche transportés par ledit fluide sous pression depuis le fond du trou vers la surface du sol,
    grâce à quoi ledit équipement est en mesure de forer des trous plus profonds que la hauteur moyenne des moyens formant marteaux (14).
  2. Équipement selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre une coque extérieure cylindrique (18) fixée sur le tube d'âme (12) et entourant l'extrémité inférieure de celui-ci, lesdits moyens formant marteaux (14) étant situés entre ledit tube d'âme (12) et ladite coque extérieure (18).
  3. Équipement selon la revendication 2, dans lequel lesdits moyens d'échappement comprennent une pluralité de tubes d'échappement (24) ayant des extrémités inférieures, lesdites extrémités inférieures s'ouvrant dans la portion supérieure du volume annulaire limité par le tube d'âme (12) et par la coque extérieure (18).
  4. Équipement selon la revendication 3, dans lequel lesdits moyens d'entraínement (16) pour faire tourner ledit tube d'âme (12) comprennent un tube de forage vertical (16) fixé sur l'extrémité supérieure du tube d'âme (12) et s'étendant vers la surface du sol.
  5. Équipement de surface selon la revendication 4, dans lequel lesdits moyens d'échappement comprennent en outre ledit tube de forage vertical (16).
  6. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, comprenant en outre une bague d'espacement cylindrique fixée sur la face extérieure dudit tube d'âme (12) et entourant l'extrémité supérieure de celui-ci.
  7. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, comprenant en outre une pluralité de moyens de commande de profondeur, lesdits moyens de commande de profondeur étant fixés sur le tube d'âme (12) et se projetant hors de la bordure inférieure dudit tube d'âme (12), lesdits moyens de commande de profondeur étant situés entre lesdits moyens formant marteaux (14).
  8. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel le nombre des moyens formant marteaux (14) est égal à 4 à 12.
  9. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel le diamètre du tube d'âme (12) est sensiblement égal à 1500 mm.
  10. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel la longueur du tube d'âme (12) est sensiblement égale à 4 m.
  11. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel les moyens formant marteaux (14) fonctionnent avec de l'air comprimé et le fluide sous pression fourni dans le voisinage des têtes de marteaux (14b) est l'air comprimé pour faire fonctionner lesdits moyens formant marteaux (14).
  12. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel les moyens formant marteaux (14) fonctionnent avec un liquide sous pression et le fluide sous pression fourni dans le voisinage des têtes de marteaux (14b) est l'air comprimé fourni par des tubes s'étendant vers le bas jusqu'au niveau des têtes de marteaux (14b).
  13. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel les moyens formant marteaux (14) fonctionnent avec un liquide sous pression et le fluide sous pression fourni dans le voisinage des têtes de marteaux (14b) est également le liquide sous pression utilisé pour faire fonctionner les moyens formant marteaux (14).
  14. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, dans lequel la longueur L du tube d'âme (12) est strictement supérieure à la hauteur moyenne des moyens formant marteaux (14).
EP99400428A 1998-09-28 1999-02-23 Tube carottier à percussion Expired - Lifetime EP0990765B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9821048.7A GB9821048D0 (en) 1998-09-28 1998-09-28 Percussive core barrel
GB9821048 1998-09-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0990765A1 EP0990765A1 (fr) 2000-04-05
EP0990765B1 true EP0990765B1 (fr) 2004-04-21

Family

ID=10839571

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99400428A Expired - Lifetime EP0990765B1 (fr) 1998-09-28 1999-02-23 Tube carottier à percussion

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0990765B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE264988T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69916546D1 (fr)
GB (1) GB9821048D0 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE477398T1 (de) * 2007-10-15 2010-08-15 Terrasond Ag Bohreinrichtung und verfahren für die entnahme von bodenproben
KR100980895B1 (ko) * 2008-04-15 2010-09-10 문대영 무진동 터널 굴착공법 및 그 장치
AU2012214033B2 (en) * 2011-02-11 2015-08-27 Top Mark Mechanical Quipment Limited Annulus ring hole drill
HK1155608A2 (en) * 2012-02-10 2012-05-18 Top Mark Mechanical Equipment Limited Method and apparatus for controlling the operation of cluster drill of down-the-hole hammers
EP3980622A4 (fr) * 2019-06-04 2023-08-16 Paul Reed Agencements de forage

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE388463C (de) * 1924-01-14 Koenig Wilhelm Vorrichtung zum Bohren von Aufbruechen, Wetterueberhauen u. dgl.
US3297099A (en) * 1964-05-28 1967-01-10 Ingersoll Rand Co Rock drill reamer
DE2602550A1 (de) * 1976-01-23 1977-07-28 Preussag Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von grosslochbohrungen unter einsatz von druckluftbetriebenen bohrlochhaemmern und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3114612C2 (de) * 1981-04-07 1983-11-10 Hochstrasser, Jürgen, 6600 Saarbrücken Bohrvorrichtung für Hartgestein
US4790391A (en) * 1985-10-04 1988-12-13 Tone Boring Co., Ltd. Air pressure impact drilling method and apparatus for same
DE3915538A1 (de) * 1989-05-12 1990-11-15 Hartfuss Michael Bohrvorrichtung fuer fels- bzw. hartgestein
FR2745031B1 (fr) * 1996-02-16 2000-01-07 Boniface Andre Outil a roto-percussion pour creusement de puits de grands diametres en terrain tres dur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9821048D0 (en) 1998-11-18
ATE264988T1 (de) 2004-05-15
EP0990765A1 (fr) 2000-04-05
HK1026933A1 (en) 2000-12-29
DE69916546D1 (de) 2004-05-27

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