Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
  • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
  • H10F77/60—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or compensating for temperature fluctuations
  • H10F77/63—Arrangements for cooling directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. heat sinks directly associated with the photovoltaic cells or integrated Peltier elements for active cooling
  • H10F77/68—Arrangements for cooling directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. heat sinks directly associated with the photovoltaic cells or integrated Peltier elements for active cooling using gaseous or liquid coolants, e.g. air flow ventilation or water circulation
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
  • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
  • F24S20/66—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of facade constructions, e.g. wall constructions
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
  • F24S40/80—Accommodating differential expansion of solar collector elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
  • F24S70/10—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
  • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
  • F24S2025/01—Special support components; Methods of use
  • F24S2025/011—Arrangements for mounting elements inside solar collectors; Spacers inside solar collectors
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
  • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
  • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

• the present invention is related to a solar thermal collector element for building integrated mounting in wall facades, sloped roofs, as free standing units, etc.
• the air between the metal sheet and the rear wall is then heated by the transfer from the solar struck and heated metal sheet, whereafter this air is circulated normally by a fan and removed via ducts to a room where the space is directly heated by the solar heated incoming air, to a mass, such as a wall, a floor or a space element for storing the heat, and/or to an air/water heat exchanger to supply hot water.
• a solar collector that allows factory manufacturing or even mass production and the joining of glass and the solar absorber sheet into a complete solar collector unit that very easily can be mounted on site, is produced.
• This is achieved with the solar collector element according to the present invention as it is defined by the features stated in the claims.
• great advantages occur by the use of composites in ceramics, porcelain etc. with the selected colour resulting in increased architectural usefulness. At least with the darker of the colours the heat absorption from the sunrays will be practically as high as when using black colours.
• figure 1 a perspective view on a section of a solar collector element according to the present invention and figure 2 discloses in a cross section the compo- nents of one typical embodiment of the collector element.
• the solar collector element consists of a glass pane 1 that is fixed and hermetically sealed with a rear solar absorber sheet 2 with approximately the same thermal expansion coefficient as glass.
• the two layers are mounted together at a distance of from a few millimetres to several centimetres.
• the rear layer, the solar absorber sheet 2 is furthermore especially well equipped to absorb solar radiation and lead/transfer the heat from the front side to the backside of the absorber sheet 2.
• the backside of the element hence will heat air in an air compartment 3 behind the absorber sheet 2, from which air is directed to desired places through ducts.
• the backside of the air compartment 3 comprises of insulation 4 to avoid or decrease heat losses.
• the space behind the solar collector unit will vary in depth depending on the volume and speed of air circulating from this space via ducts to the indoor room or to the air/water heat exchanger.
• the rear layer of the solar absorber sheet 2 can for example be composed by steel/ceramics, porcelain or of another type of composite or of another consistence. This combination allows the putting together of the glass-layer and the composite layer with rim lists, spacers 5 and glass/metal glue at an optimum distance to ensure maximum solar radiation and maximum thermal insulation against heat losses through outgoing radia- tion. Furthermore a complete and durable tightening of the air gap between glass pane and absorber sheet is ensured, since the connection, e.g. glue etc, is not stressed unnecessary as a result of different thermal expansion coefficients for the two s layers .
• the spacers are hence together composing a building element that contain a hermetically sealed unit that can be manufactured for the desired purpose and mounted in curtain wall like frames to cover wall facades or roofs. Since the solar collector 5 element, according to this invention, is manufactured and handled very much like sealed glazing units, the unit can freely be used in all types of glazing facade and roof systems, and in all sizes.
• the composite sheet can be manufactured in a selection o of darker solar radiation absorbing colours that can be chosen to fit the colour scheme for the building or free standing unit in question. Such colours will not be degraded by solar radiation since they are made from non-organic materials. Durability and aesthetically pleasing appearance is hence ensured without loss
• the solar collector unit according to the present invention is mounted for example in a wall or in the roof with a distance to a building surface on the outside of the wall or the roof insulation.
• the collector element according to the present inven- tion may be used in a number of different embodiments.
• the unit can for example be free standing, connected to a building with ducts in the air or on the ground.
• the unit further can be integrated in a window shutter, under the roof tiles or it can be used as a sloping sunshade outside windows.
• the unit can be integrated in a complete wall or roof or in only part of it, in such a way that the collector elements will hardly be visible from the outside.
• the unit can be used for preheating ventilation air.
• the solar heating system can be combined with facade or roof integrated solar electric photo voltaic (PV) systems that often has a need for ventilating the space behind the PV modules to cool these down and through this increase the efficiency of solar PV.
• PV photo voltaic
• the present invention can be combined with PV modules by using the heated air from the backside of the solar PV modules as the ingoing air into the solar thermal system. A preheating is thus achieved in the thermal system at the same time as cooling of the PV system occurs. A higher efficiency is hence resulting on both systems.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=19900824

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (1)

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Family Cites Families (4)

• 1997
  • 1997-06-13 NO NO19972738A patent/NO310636B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1998
  • 1998-06-12 WO PCT/NO1998/000181 patent/WO1998057101A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1998-06-12 EP EP98928664A patent/EP0991901A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1998-06-12 AU AU80413/98A patent/AU8041398A/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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