EP1008806A2 - Barreau de grille de combustion résistant aux températures élevées - Google Patents

Barreau de grille de combustion résistant aux températures élevées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1008806A2
EP1008806A2 EP99811098A EP99811098A EP1008806A2 EP 1008806 A2 EP1008806 A2 EP 1008806A2 EP 99811098 A EP99811098 A EP 99811098A EP 99811098 A EP99811098 A EP 99811098A EP 1008806 A2 EP1008806 A2 EP 1008806A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate bar
frame structure
temperature
ceramic elements
ceramic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99811098A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1008806A3 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Peter Dr. Bossmann
Axel Dr. Kranzmann
Othmar Pfiffner
Hans Rüegg
Peter Serck-Hanssen
Ludwig Dr. Weiler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom SA
Original Assignee
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Asea Brown Boveri AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd, Asea Brown Boveri AB filed Critical ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Publication of EP1008806A2 publication Critical patent/EP1008806A2/fr
Publication of EP1008806A3 publication Critical patent/EP1008806A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
    • F23H7/06—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding
    • F23H7/08—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding reciprocating along their axes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H17/00—Details of grates
    • F23H17/12—Fire-bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2700/00—Grates characterised by special features or applications
    • F23H2700/009—Grates specially adapted for incinerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2900/00—Special features of combustion grates
    • F23H2900/17001—Specific materials therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of combustion technology. It affects a high temperature resistant grate bar with a ceramic protective layer, which is particularly suitable for a grate in a combustion furnace for the combustion of Garbage can be used.
  • a grate bar which consists of a supporting lower element Steel or cast iron and an upper element made of ceramic material, the ceramic element forming the bed for the garbage to be incinerated. Because of the ceramic material used, the top element a high temperature resistance and wear resistance, so that the Rust can be air-cooled.
  • the upper ceramic element and the lower element each grate bar are form-fitting and by means of bolts and elastic Elements, e.g. B. connected springs.
  • a disadvantage of this state of the Technique is that in the event of an impact load, the upper plate is formed ceramic element easily shatters because the ceramic is very brittle and one has high impact sensitivity and low elongation at break. Also is it is not possible the big temperature differences and the different to adequately compensate for the thermal expansion behavior of the two elements, so that there is undesirable tension and distortion shorten the operating time of the grate. In addition, there is a high manufacturing tolerance The connections are required so as not to go through the assembly to cause pre-damage. This leads to high manufacturing costs.
  • the invention tries to avoid all of these disadvantages. You have the task based on an air-cooled, high-temperature-resistant grate bar for one To show combustion grate, its directly exposed to combustion Parts are made of ceramic material, the grate bar being relatively inexpensive absorbs impact stresses well and is easy to wear distinguished so that it has a long service life.
  • this is the case with a grate bar according to the preamble of the claim 1 achieved in that the ceramic layer from a variety ceramic elements that exist in spaces between a lattice-like metallic Frame structure are embedded.
  • the advantages of the invention are that on the one hand only those at high Temperatures in parts exposed to corrosive and oxidizing atmospheres of the grate bar with a high temperature resistant ceramic layer are, so that the grate bar is relatively inexpensive, on the other hand with a Impact stress does not shatter the ceramic, as it is in the ductile metallic Frame structure is embedded, which absorb this stress and can easily cope. Because the frame structure a variety of ceramic Enclosing elements also has the added advantage that at a possible failure of a ceramic element, the grate bar anyway still has sufficient operational reliability and will continue to be used can. Finally, the temperature differences within the grate bar are significant smaller than, for example, a grate bar with a surface a single ceramic plate is covered, consequently are less thermal Tensions exist, so the grate bar has a longer life having.
  • the metallic frame structure is due to the manufacturing process Is part of the grate bar. Then there is no need to attach the frame structure to the Grate bar surface.
  • the ceramic elements can later in the spaces the frame structure will be filled or they will be right in the making the metallic components of the grate bar pressed into the frame structure or poured.
  • the metallic frame structure is a separate component which is connected to the grate bar and before or after the connection is filled with the ceramic elements because this enables prefabrication and old bars can be easily repaired on site. From functional or cost reasons, it is also advantageous if the basic carrier and the the ceramic-containing frames are made of different materials
  • the gaps accommodate the ceramic Elements are designed such that they are parallel to the grate bar surface aligned cross section of the gaps or ceramic elements is polygonal or round or elliptical and has a degree of elongation in the longitudinal direction of the grate bar between 1 and 20, preferably 1 to 3, and a depth ratio relative to the transverse direction between 0.1 and 20, preferably 1 to 3, exhibit. Due to the longitudinal stretching of the ceramic elements, there are only a few Edges present in the transverse direction so that when the grate bar moves in Longitudinal only a small amount of friction is caused, which is beneficial in Regarding the material transport, but also in terms of the wear of the Rust rod affects.
  • the spaces between the metallic frame structure or the ceramic elements perpendicular to the grate bar surface have variable cross sections. This can, for. B. be achieved that ceramic material during the stress not from the metallic Frame structure torn out, but is held there.
  • the ceramic material consists of at least one component of oxidic, carbidic or nitridic phases, preferably aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, Silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon dioxide or mixtures of these compounds and is hydraulically or chemically bound. It can be fiber reinforced material (Metal or ceramic fibers), porous structures or monolithic structural ceramics his. By using variable thicknesses, materials and shapes for different Places of the grate bar are advantageous the heat flow and erosion customizable according to requirements.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows part of an air-cooled grate of a waste incineration plant, with a top view in the upper drawing, and a view in the lower drawing Side view can be seen.
  • the grate consists of 4 rows of grate bars 1, in which 3 grate bars 2 are arranged side by side.
  • the rust is not in one shown incinerator arranged in which waste is burned.
  • the garbage is passed through by a defined movement of the individual grate bars 2 transported the firebox. Primary air flows through the grate Grate bars 2 cools and is then used to incinerate the waste. This is known in the art.
  • the surface facing the garbage bed becomes at least provided with a ceramic layer 3 (see lower part of Fig. 1). This is also known prior art.
  • Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of the invention Top view of the metallic frame structure 4 of a grate bar 2, which with ceramic elements 5 is filled.
  • the metallic frame structure 4 forms in Longitudinal direction of the grate bar 2 extended spaces 6 (see right part of Fig. 2), which are filled with ceramic elements 5.
  • ceramic elements 5 ensures high temperature resistance of the grate bar 2 reached.
  • shatters in the inventive Do not release the ceramic in the event of an impact stress, as it is in the ductile metallic frame structure 4 is pressed in, so that the grate bar relative is inexpensive, on the other hand, the ceramic does not with impact stress shatters because it is embedded in the ductile metallic frame structure 4, the can absorb this strain and can easily cope with it. Because the frame structure 4 encloses a large number of ceramic elements 5 furthermore as an advantage that in the event of a possible failure of a ceramic Element 5 of the grate bar 2 still sufficient operational reliability has and can be used further.
  • the metallic frame structure 4 can be very different in terms of its shape be trained. 2 shows, for example, a hexagonal contour of the spaces 6.
  • the ceramic elements to be inserted into the spaces 6 5 thus have an easy to manufacture honeycomb structure.
  • elliptical cross sections of the spaces 6 are also parallel to the grate bar surface and accordingly elliptical cross sections of the associated ceramic elements 5 conceivable.
  • a longitudinal stretching of the ceramic elements 5 in the longitudinal direction of the grate bars 2 has the advantage that there are only a few edges in the transverse direction, so that at the movement of the grate bar 2, which takes place in the longitudinal direction, is only slight Friction is caused, which is convenient in relation to the transport of the Burning material, but also in relation to the wear of the grate bar 2.
  • Degree of stretching is conceivable in the range from 0.1 to 20. Below the degree of stretching the quotient from longitudinal expansion to transverse expansion (in relation to to the longitudinal direction of the grate bar) of a ceramic element 5 or a space 6 can be understood. So they are also square Cross sections or circular cross sections of the spaces possible.
  • the depth ratio relative to the transverse direction should also be between 0.1 and 20, preferably 1 to 3.
  • the ceramic elements 5, which are embedded in the spaces 6 are in the form of a brick, i.e. H. they are cuboid.
  • the gaps 6 of the metallic frame structure 4 or the ceramic elements 5 thus point in this embodiment perpendicular to the grate bar surface a constant cross section.
  • FIG. 6 shows another possible embodiment variant in a longitudinal section a grate bar.
  • the spaces 6 of the metallic frame structure point here 4 or the ceramic elements 5 perpendicular to the grate bar surface a variable cross-section, in such a way that the ceramic elements 5 have a slightly smaller cross section directly on the surface than in a distance from the surface.
  • This has the advantage that during stress the ceramic material is not torn out, but the metallic surface somewhat enlarged compared to the variant according to FIG. 5.
  • the high wear and temperature resistance of this grate bar is given anyway.
  • the ceramic elements 5 consist of at least one Component of oxidic, carbidic or nitridic phases. They preferably contain Aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon dioxide or mixtures of these connections. The ceramic material is hydraulic or chemically bound.
  • the ceramic elements 5 can also be made of fiber-reinforced material (metal or ceramic fiber). Elements 5 made of monolithic are also conceivable Ceramic or porous structures. The ceramic elements 5 can before Use in the spaces 6 of the metallic frame structure 4 as sintered Body are made.
  • the ceramic elements 5 can be before or during the manufacture of the metallic Frame structure 4 of grate bar 2 is pressed into it, cast in, can be soldered in or fitted with a positive fit (e.g. dovetail).
  • the metallic frame structure 4 can either be designed as a separate component be connected to the grate bar 2, for example by Soldering, welding, screwing or fixing by positive locking or the metallic
  • the frame structure itself is part of the grate bar 2, by making the grate bar including the frame structure as a casting becomes.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described limited.
  • the head of the grate bar 2 be provided with the ceramic layer according to the invention. It can be variable Thicknesses, materials and shapes for different places on the grate bar be used, so that an optimal adaptation to the respective load he follows.
  • a manufacturing mix is locally different Requirements within the grate bar conceivable.
  • the basic body to be coated can also be designed with closed surfaces, so that in If the layer of the grate bar flakes off, it will continue to operate for a while can remain and thus has good emergency running properties.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
EP99811098A 1998-12-12 1999-11-29 Barreau de grille de combustion résistant aux températures élevées Withdrawn EP1008806A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19857416A DE19857416A1 (de) 1998-12-12 1998-12-12 Hochtemperaturbeständiger Roststab
DE19857416 1998-12-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1008806A2 true EP1008806A2 (fr) 2000-06-14
EP1008806A3 EP1008806A3 (fr) 2001-03-07

Family

ID=7890892

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99811098A Withdrawn EP1008806A3 (fr) 1998-12-12 1999-11-29 Barreau de grille de combustion résistant aux températures élevées

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1008806A3 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000179825A (fr)
KR (1) KR20000048079A (fr)
DE (1) DE19857416A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO996122L (fr)
TW (1) TW432186B (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9038550B2 (en) 2009-04-08 2015-05-26 Baumgarte Boiler Systems Gmbh Grate bar for an incinerator and method for producing such a grate bar
EP3048369A1 (fr) 2015-01-26 2016-07-27 Alite GmbH Barreau de grille en composite métal-céramique pour une grille d'incinérateur de déchets
EP2878888B1 (fr) * 2013-12-02 2020-09-02 WVT Breiding GmbH Élément de grille doté d'un insert en céramique coulé
US11815265B2 (en) 2019-10-29 2023-11-14 Ikn Gmbh Grate bar for stepped grate

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20020001042A (ko) * 2000-06-23 2002-01-09 박호군 소각로용 계단식 축진동 화격자장치
US20060213405A1 (en) * 2005-03-22 2006-09-28 Alstom Technology Ltd. Grate covering
KR100724554B1 (ko) * 2006-01-06 2007-06-04 삼성엔지니어링 주식회사 내구성이 강화된 소각로용 그레이트
JP5308847B2 (ja) * 2009-01-30 2013-10-09 株式会社タクマ 水冷式ストーカ炉
JP5422291B2 (ja) * 2009-07-30 2014-02-19 株式会社タクマ 水冷式ストーカ炉
DE202012001080U1 (de) 2012-02-03 2012-03-05 Eclipse Trade Ltd. Temperaturresistente Rostelemente
DE202017107697U1 (de) * 2017-12-07 2018-01-11 Heribert Posch Roststab sowie Brennrost aus solchen Roststäben

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3314098A1 (de) 1982-07-14 1984-01-19 Von Roll AG, 4563 Gerlafingen Rostblock fuer einen muellverbrennungsrost
EP0382045A2 (fr) 1989-02-08 1990-08-16 Officine Metalmeccaniche Nova S.P.A. Barreau de grille avec élément de protection en matière céramique ou en matière équivalente de résistance élevée au feu et à l'usure

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2149064A1 (de) * 1971-10-01 1973-04-05 Peters Ag Claudius Rostplatte fuer kuehl-, vorwaerm- und brennroste
DE3804815A1 (de) * 1987-02-18 1988-09-01 Pauli Balduin Rostanordnung, insbesondere fuer stufenschwenkroste
DE19714573C1 (de) * 1997-04-09 1998-04-16 Ecm Ingenieur Unternehmen Fuer Feuerungsrost und Elemente zu seiner Herstellung

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3314098A1 (de) 1982-07-14 1984-01-19 Von Roll AG, 4563 Gerlafingen Rostblock fuer einen muellverbrennungsrost
EP0382045A2 (fr) 1989-02-08 1990-08-16 Officine Metalmeccaniche Nova S.P.A. Barreau de grille avec élément de protection en matière céramique ou en matière équivalente de résistance élevée au feu et à l'usure

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9038550B2 (en) 2009-04-08 2015-05-26 Baumgarte Boiler Systems Gmbh Grate bar for an incinerator and method for producing such a grate bar
EP2878888B1 (fr) * 2013-12-02 2020-09-02 WVT Breiding GmbH Élément de grille doté d'un insert en céramique coulé
EP3048369A1 (fr) 2015-01-26 2016-07-27 Alite GmbH Barreau de grille en composite métal-céramique pour une grille d'incinérateur de déchets
US10139105B2 (en) 2015-01-26 2018-11-27 Alite Gmbh Metal-ceramic compound grate bar for waste incineration
US11815265B2 (en) 2019-10-29 2023-11-14 Ikn Gmbh Grate bar for stepped grate
EP3870898B1 (fr) * 2019-10-29 2025-04-23 Alite GmbH Barreau de grille pour grille à gradins

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20000048079A (ko) 2000-07-25
DE19857416A1 (de) 2000-06-15
TW432186B (en) 2001-05-01
NO996122D0 (no) 1999-12-10
JP2000179825A (ja) 2000-06-27
EP1008806A3 (fr) 2001-03-07
NO996122L (no) 2000-06-13

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