EP1011126A2 - Lampe aux halogénures métalliques - Google Patents

Lampe aux halogénures métalliques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1011126A2
EP1011126A2 EP99124410A EP99124410A EP1011126A2 EP 1011126 A2 EP1011126 A2 EP 1011126A2 EP 99124410 A EP99124410 A EP 99124410A EP 99124410 A EP99124410 A EP 99124410A EP 1011126 A2 EP1011126 A2 EP 1011126A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal halide
hzm
mercury
halide lamp
lamp according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99124410A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1011126A3 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Stockwald
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH filed Critical Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Publication of EP1011126A2 publication Critical patent/EP1011126A2/fr
Publication of EP1011126A3 publication Critical patent/EP1011126A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • H01J61/827—Metal halide arc lamps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a metal halide lamp according to the preamble of Claim 1. These are mercury-free metal halide lamps, preferably with a ceramic discharge vessel.
  • the invention realizes mercury-free metal halide lamps, in particular with ceramic discharge vessel, with properties that have previously been found in metal halide lamps known with a discharge vessel made of quartz glass and Hg-containing filling are, namely a high luminous efficacy of at least 70 lm / W, and one high color rendering index Ra of at least 80, preferred for low performance up to 250 W.
  • the service life is at least 5000 hours in the range from warm white to daylight white.
  • the operation is advantageously carried out on one electronic ballast.
  • the discharge vessel can be a quartz glass bulb.
  • a ceramic is preferred Discharge vessel, which can be tubular or bulged.
  • HZM halides of hafnium and / or zircon
  • Bromine, chlorine and iodine can be used as halogen X.
  • the specific amount of HZH in the discharge vessel must be at least 3 ⁇ mol / cm 3 : HZH ⁇ 3 ⁇ mol / cm 3rd .
  • Y is a halogen is selected from bromine, chlorine and iodine.
  • These easily vaporizable metal halides are generally completely evaporated because they have a boiling point or have a sublimation point of at most 1100 ° C. That temperature is achieved primarily when ceramic discharge vessels are in operation on the vessel wall.
  • elemental metals are suitable as additives to the cycle to be designed particularly effectively and thereby a long service life of ensure more than 6000 hours.
  • Suitable elemental metals N are those which together with free halogens at typical wall temperatures around 1000 easily evaporable metal halides or metal halide complexes up to 1100 ° C can form.
  • the following metals are suitable for this elementary or as a metal halide: Al, Bi, In, Mg, Sc, Sn, Tl, Zn, Sb, Ga.
  • a value between 8 and 13 is preferred without the addition of additional metal halides to the metals HZM (i.e. when using elementary metals such as in the prior art) the value of this ratio would be 4.
  • a longer service life can be achieved with careful measurement of the entire molar metal content G "of all voltage gradient formers (incl. Hf and Zr, i.e. HZM) in the filling in relation to the molar proportion of the metals Hf and Zr ( HZM ") alone.
  • the metals G ie the sum of M, N and HZM
  • the G / HZM ratio should not exceed 12, ie: G / HZM ⁇ 12.
  • Another metal that promotes the cyclic process is titanium. It is therefore an offer Hf or Zr are suitable, but should only contain up to 50 mol% of the total HZM turn off.
  • X + Y there is an excess of the total molar halogen fraction X + Y (normally bound in the easily evaporable halide compounds).
  • the value of X + Y is at least 1.4 times the molar total metal fraction G bonded together in the easily evaporable compounds MY n and metals N, that is: (X + Y) / G ⁇ 1.4.
  • the setting of this ratio is particularly due to the high value the HZH (their value is usually four) favors.
  • the main operating mode is rectangular current injection with a high slope (i.e. a time period of the voltage change during a polarity change between two rectangular pulses of different polarity), preferred less than 30 ⁇ s, in question. Operation with constant power is favorable.
  • the voltage gradient is used in the discharge arc and to adjust the thermal properties of the Lamps metal halides with high vapor pressure used in the setting wall temperatures in the discharge vessel either completely or predominantly go into the vapor phase.
  • Typical examples of voltage gradient formers in durable systems that are suitable as an addition to Hf and Zr Halides of In, Zn, Al, Mg.
  • the voltage gradient formers are for light formation less suitable. For this reason, it is necessary as a light designer Add at least one other metal halide to the filling, i.e. a compound the at least one intense line in the visible spectral range between 380 and 780 nm.
  • Typical examples of these light formers are halides the alkali metals (Na) and the lanthanides. They have a significantly higher boiling point than the voltage gradient formers and accordingly a much smaller one Vapor pressure.
  • maintenance of more than 80% of the luminous flux can be achieved after an operating time of 5000 h, based on the 100 h value.
  • the initial efficiency after 100 h is at least 70 lm / W.
  • a preferred area of application is interior lighting with color temperatures between approximately 2800 and 4200 K, with small wattages between 35 W and 150 W being the main target. Good color rendering (better than 80) is particularly difficult to achieve, especially at low color temperatures.
  • the specific behavior depends on the choice of the admixed voltage generator and the mixture of the components filled in as a light generator.
  • This maintenance behavior can be improved by a significantly improved W cycle with the direct participation of Hf and Zr in the gas phase.
  • the Examination of discharge vessels regarding the condition according to the invention of the share of HZH does not show any deposits of tungsten as Solid in the discharge vessel, in accordance with a negligible Blackening of the discharge vessel over the life of the lamp.
  • the filling compositions according to the invention can be taken into account the reactivity of the other filling components with those used Use wall materials, both in quartz glass vessels and in ceramic vessels.
  • Translucent polycrystalline aluminum oxide or similar translucent polycrystalline ceramic materials such as AlON, AlN, etc.
  • monocrystalline Sapphire are considered to be quartz glass because of their higher thermal resistance Wall material is preferable. These materials show a significantly lower reactivity under higher operating temperatures compared to the filling components.
  • the invention can be used for general lighting applications as well for automotive lighting and photo optics. At These applications are highly efficient Hg-free lamps with constant Maintenance of the luminous flux and constancy of the remaining light data over the lifetime of great importance.
  • the scope extends to Power from about 20 W to more than 250 W.
  • the lamp systems according to the invention are advantageous in an illumination system operated on rectangular or HF ballasts.
  • the filling contains at least one additional tension generator, to further increase the voltage gradient and to protect against premature Remelt the electrodes. Because the electrodes are covered by the Presence of Hf or Zr due to their high solubility in tungsten. Metal halides which have a high operating steam pressure are suitable for this a typical wall temperature (approx. 900 to 1100 ° C). A typical partial pressure the voltage generator during operation is more than 0.5 bar. A similar one The effective measure is to increase the cold filling pressure of the one acting as a buffer gas Starting gas (usually xenon) to more than 1 bar, namely up to 10 bar.
  • a buffer gas Starting gas usually xenon
  • the filling also contains other metal halides which are difficult to evaporate. she act as a light generator and stabilize the bow.
  • Halides are suitable Rare earth metals (lanthanides) and / or the alkali metals, in particular Na, Pr, Nd, La, Dy, Ho, Tm.
  • the absolute filling quantity of the Hf / Zr-halide mixture must exceed a lower limit so that an extraordinarily stable chemical cycle can take place in the lamp: HZH ⁇ 3 ⁇ mol / cm 3rd .
  • At least one further metal halide is added to the HZM.
  • M, N Zn, Mg, Sn, In, Tl, Al, Sb
  • the filling quantity of the metal portion added to HZM (incl. HZM) in relation to the metal portions HZM bound only in the Hf / Zr halides should preferably not exceed a critical value of 12.
  • G M + N + HZM applies to this ratio B:
  • B G / HZM ⁇ 12.
  • the ratio B is preferably between 3.3 and 7.5. Without adding additional Metal halides for the halides of the HZM would have the value 1.
  • the ratio D of the sums of the amount of halogen X bound in HZH (predominantly HfX 4 and / or ZrX 4 ) and the amount of halogen Y bound in the easily evaporable metal halide portion added, i.e. (X + Y), to the sum of all metal portions ( G M + N + HZM )
  • This ratio is preferably above 1.46. Without adding additional Metals and metal halides to the HZM, this ratio would be four.
  • a metal halide lamp with an output of 70 W is shown schematically in FIG. It consists of a cylindrical outer bulb 1 made of quartz glass which defines a lamp axis and is squeezed (2) and base (3) on two sides.
  • the axially arranged discharge vessel 4 made of Al 2 O 3 ceramic is bulged in the middle 5 and has two cylindrical ends 6a and 6b.
  • it can also be cylindrical with elongated capillary tubes as plugs, as is known, for example, from EP-A 587 238.
  • the discharge vessel is held in the outer bulb 1 by means of two power supply lines 7, which are connected to the base parts 3 via foils 8.
  • the power supply lines 7, one of which is a molybdenum band to compensate for the large expansion differences, are welded to bushings 9, 10, each of which is fitted in an end plug 11 at the end of the discharge vessel.
  • the bushings 9, 10 are, for example, molybdenum pins. Both executions 9, 10 are on the plug 11 on both sides and hold electrodes on the discharge side 14, consisting of an electrode shaft 15 made of tungsten and an am End pushed onto the discharge end 16.
  • the bushing 9, 10 is each with the electrode shaft 15 and with the external power supply 7 butt welded.
  • the end plugs 11 essentially consist of a cermet known per se with the ceramic component Al 2 O 3 and the metallic component tungsten or molybdenum.
  • This bore 12 is made after filling by means of a pen 13, referred to in technical jargon as a stopper, or closed by means of melting ceramic.
  • the filling of the discharge vessel consists of an inert ignition gas / buffer gas, here argon with a cold filling pressure of 150 mbar, and various additives of metal halides.
  • a proportion of at least 3 ⁇ mol / cm 3 HZH is essential.
  • the filling contains a total of up to three voltage gradient formers, one suitable selected mixture as light generator and possibly other additives.
  • TIJ has proven itself as an additional voltage gradient generator, possibly in combination with further voltage gradient formers.
  • TIJ also makes a contribution in the visible spectral range.
  • a lamp volume of 0.3 cm 3 was used for all fillings.
  • the electrode gap is 9 mm.
  • the specific wall load (defined as electrical power / inner surface) varies between 15 and 50 W / cm 2 . On average, it is 30 W / cm 2 .
  • the specific electrical power density varies between 100 and 500 W / cm 3 . On average, it is 235 W / cm 3 .
  • the lamps were each operated on an electronic ballast with rectangular current injection in a regulated power operation of 70 W with l eff ⁇ 1.8 A.
  • Figure 2 shows an example of the good maintenance of the luminous flux (in lm) over the operating time (in hours).
  • the filling is based on HfBr 4 (0.7 mg), with the additional tension builders InBr (0.7 mg), InBr 3 (0.3 mg), TIJ (0.7 mg) and the additional light builders NaJ (2.4 mg), TmJ 3 (1.5 mg), DyJ 3 (1.4 mg), and HoJ 3 (1.5 mg).
  • the lamp is a metal halide lamp 18 with 70 W power, which is squeezed on one side, including the discharge vessel 19 is a quartz glass bulb pinched on one side. Otherwise match the same reference numerals for analog components as in FIG. 1. In the outer bulb 1 also accommodated a getter 17.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
EP99124410A 1998-12-14 1999-12-07 Lampe aux halogénures métalliques Withdrawn EP1011126A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19857585A DE19857585A1 (de) 1998-12-14 1998-12-14 Metallhalogenidlampe
DE19857585 1998-12-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1011126A2 true EP1011126A2 (fr) 2000-06-21
EP1011126A3 EP1011126A3 (fr) 2006-08-23

Family

ID=7891002

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99124410A Withdrawn EP1011126A3 (fr) 1998-12-14 1999-12-07 Lampe aux halogénures métalliques

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6483241B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1011126A3 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000182564A (fr)
CA (1) CA2292142A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19857585A1 (fr)
HU (1) HU222700B1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1037257A3 (fr) * 1999-03-11 2001-02-07 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Lampe d'halogenure metallique sans mercure
EP1139387A1 (fr) * 1999-04-14 2001-10-04 Osram Sylvania Inc. Composition chimique pour lampes aux halogénures métalliques exempte de mercure
EP1158567A3 (fr) * 2000-05-26 2002-01-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Dispositif de service pour une lampe à décharge à haute intensité exempte de mercure et lampe aux halogènures métalliques sans mercure
WO2003067622A3 (fr) * 2002-02-07 2004-10-21 Philips Intellectual Property Lampe a decharge sous haute pression exempte de mercure
EP1398823A3 (fr) * 2002-09-13 2006-04-19 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Lampe à décharge à haute pression pour projecteur de véhicule automobile
EP1465237A3 (fr) * 2003-03-19 2007-12-19 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Lampe à décharge à haute pression pour projecteurs de véhicule

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19937312A1 (de) * 1999-08-10 2001-02-15 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Quecksilberfreie Metallhalogenidlampe
US6639343B2 (en) 2000-07-14 2003-10-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Mercury-free metal halide lamp
DE10044563A1 (de) * 2000-09-08 2002-03-21 Philips Corp Intellectual Pty Niederdruckgasentladungslampe mit kupferhaltiger Gasfüllung
RU2176117C1 (ru) * 2000-12-27 2001-11-20 Новиков Николай Николаевич Лампа кварцевая безозоновая
EP1288998A1 (fr) * 2001-08-24 2003-03-05 Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. Lampe à halogénures métalliques sans mercure, produits de remplissage utilisés et réglage de la puissance reposant sur les caractéristiques de résistance électrique
JP2003168391A (ja) * 2001-09-20 2003-06-13 Koito Mfg Co Ltd 放電ランプ装置用水銀フリーアークチューブ
RU2208875C1 (ru) * 2001-12-27 2003-07-20 Новиков Николай Николаевич Лампа кварцевая ультрафиолетовая
CN1774788A (zh) * 2003-04-16 2006-05-17 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 高压金属卤化物放电灯
WO2006046704A1 (fr) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-04 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation Lampe d’halogénure de métal et équipement d’éclairage
US7256546B2 (en) * 2004-11-22 2007-08-14 Osram Sylvania Inc. Metal halide lamp chemistries with magnesium and indium
US7825598B2 (en) * 2004-12-20 2010-11-02 General Electric Company Mercury-free discharge compositions and lamps incorporating Titanium, Zirconium, and Hafnium
DE102005013003A1 (de) * 2005-03-21 2006-09-28 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Metallhalogenidlampe
JP2007115652A (ja) * 2005-09-22 2007-05-10 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp 高圧放電ランプおよび照明装置
US7633228B2 (en) * 2005-11-30 2009-12-15 General Electric Company Mercury-free metal halide discharge lamp
DE102007055399A1 (de) 2007-11-20 2009-05-28 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Hochdruckentladungslampe
US20090146571A1 (en) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-11 Russell Timothy D Metal halide lamp with halogen-promoted wall cleaning cycle
US20090153053A1 (en) * 2007-12-18 2009-06-18 General Electric Company Low mercury ceramic metal halide lamp
US8482198B1 (en) 2011-12-19 2013-07-09 General Electric Company High intensity discharge lamp with improved startability and performance
RU2525846C1 (ru) * 2012-12-27 2014-08-20 Николай Николаевич Новиков Лампа кварцевая ультрафиолетовая

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0587238B1 (fr) * 1992-09-08 2000-07-19 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lampe à décharge à haute pression
KR950001852A (ko) 1993-06-01 1995-01-04 에프.제이.스미트 고압금속 할로겐 램프
DE19731168A1 (de) * 1997-07-21 1999-01-28 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Beleuchtungssystem

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1037257A3 (fr) * 1999-03-11 2001-02-07 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Lampe d'halogenure metallique sans mercure
EP1139387A1 (fr) * 1999-04-14 2001-10-04 Osram Sylvania Inc. Composition chimique pour lampes aux halogénures métalliques exempte de mercure
EP1158567A3 (fr) * 2000-05-26 2002-01-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Dispositif de service pour une lampe à décharge à haute intensité exempte de mercure et lampe aux halogènures métalliques sans mercure
US6608444B2 (en) 2000-05-26 2003-08-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Mercury-free high-intensity discharge lamp operating apparatus and mercury-free metal halide lamp
WO2003067622A3 (fr) * 2002-02-07 2004-10-21 Philips Intellectual Property Lampe a decharge sous haute pression exempte de mercure
EP1398823A3 (fr) * 2002-09-13 2006-04-19 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Lampe à décharge à haute pression pour projecteur de véhicule automobile
EP1465237A3 (fr) * 2003-03-19 2007-12-19 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Lampe à décharge à haute pression pour projecteurs de véhicule

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2000182564A (ja) 2000-06-30
HUP9904194A2 (hu) 2000-06-28
HUP9904194A3 (en) 2001-07-30
CA2292142A1 (fr) 2000-06-14
DE19857585A1 (de) 2000-06-15
US6483241B1 (en) 2002-11-19
EP1011126A3 (fr) 2006-08-23
HU222700B1 (hu) 2003-09-29

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