EP1014397A1 - Drosselspule mit hohem Streufeld für geschalteten Stromrichter - Google Patents

Drosselspule mit hohem Streufeld für geschalteten Stromrichter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1014397A1
EP1014397A1 EP99402948A EP99402948A EP1014397A1 EP 1014397 A1 EP1014397 A1 EP 1014397A1 EP 99402948 A EP99402948 A EP 99402948A EP 99402948 A EP99402948 A EP 99402948A EP 1014397 A1 EP1014397 A1 EP 1014397A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
magnetic
core
planar inductor
inductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99402948A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jose Andres Navas Sabater
Salvador Ollero Velasco
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent SAS
Nokia Inc
Original Assignee
Alcatel SA
Nokia Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel SA, Nokia Inc filed Critical Alcatel SA
Publication of EP1014397A1 publication Critical patent/EP1014397A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/08—High-leakage transformers or inductances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H01F3/14—Constrictions; Gaps, e.g. air-gaps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a magnetically integrated planar inductor to be employed in energy conversion processes in which use is made of input and/or output filtering means in a switched power supply converter. It is of special, but not exclusive application, in switched power converters for low power and low voltage applications, and, also, facilitates a high level of integration.
  • a compound inductor comprising two or more coupled windings for use in energy conversion processes in which switching takes place is known from the United States patent US-A-5.481.238, being incorporated in the present patent application by reference.
  • An output filter that includes the compound inductor implemented according to the above mentioned United States patent, can be used in some converters, like a buck converter or a boost converter.
  • the compound inductor proposed in that patent comprises a first inductor having a first winding on a first magnetic core, a second inductor having a second magnetic core outside the winding coil of the first inductor, and a second winding around the first winding and the second core.
  • One end of the first winding and the corresponding end of the second winding are electrically connected.
  • filtering means comprising inductive means having a manufacturing process which is fully automated and in which standardised elements are employed.
  • planar inductor is proposed for use in some types of switched power converters having filtering means to smooth the current that is flowing through the power converter, and in which the planar inductor is the object of the present invention.
  • planar inductor of the invention alters the constructional process of said inductor in order that the current fed to the load satisfies the zero-ripple condition and, in addition, the manufacturing process employs standardised elements, for example planar magnetic cores having an E type section, and which do not require any special machining during said process.
  • the repeatability of the electrical characteristics of the planar inductor is ensured during the manufacturing process, and consequently they are not affected by the slight differences that could arise during said process. Consequently, the cost of the planar inductor of the output filter is considerably reduced and, also, the overall cost of the converter is diminished.
  • the switched power converter attains a high overall efficiency in the process of converting a voltage received from a voltage source to an output voltage and, in addition, it responds rapidly to variations in the load, finding particular use in those applications requiring low power and low voltage with a low profile and reduced size.
  • the planar inductor comprises a magnetic core having an E type standardised core section, on the outside legs of which are wound, respectively, a first coil and a second coil that are magnetically coupled to each other for producing a significant leakage inductance, such that one end of the first coil and the corresponding end of the second coil are electrically connected in a second node.
  • Figure 1 shows a single output buck converter that incorporates filtering means 14 connected directly to a load, said means being designed to smooth an output current so that its ripple is zero, the zero ripple condition.
  • the buck converter is used merely as an example in order to achieve a better description of the present invention, it being possible to use other types of switched converters, all having an output or an input filter, achieving similar results.
  • the buck converter is connected via input terminals 11 and 12 to a voltage source, representing one of the input terminals 12 a common voltage reference of said converter.
  • One of the input terminals 11 is connected to a first terminal 13-1 of a first switching means 13, for example a field effect transistor, type MOSFET.
  • a second terminal 13-2 is connected to an input terminal 14-1 of the filtering means 14.
  • the first switching means includes a third terminal (not shown) over which a signal is received to adapt the ON and OFF periods of the first switching means 13 in order to produce a regulated output voltage across output terminals 14-3 and 14-4.
  • the second switching means 15 can be a unidirectional conducting device such as a diode.
  • the terminal 14-2 of the filtering means 14 is also connected to the common voltage reference.
  • the filtering means 14 receives energy from the voltage source during the ON periods of the first switching means 13, and produces across its output terminals 14-3 and 14-4 the smoothed output voltage and an output current with ripple close to zero, which are respectively applied to the load, this being possibly telecommunications equipment.
  • the filtering means 14 includes a planar inductor 20 comprising at least a first coil 21 located on the conducting line that connects terminal 14-1 with terminal 14-3, a series combination of a second coil 22 and a second storage capacitor 22-1 being connected to a second node 24 situated between the terminal 14-1 and an end of the first coil 21. Consequently the series combination is connected in parallel with the second switching means 15.
  • a first storage capacitor 21-1 is connected in parallel with the load in order to smooth the current which flows through the first coil 21, so that the means value of this current is zero.
  • the two coils 21 and 22 of the inductor 20 are wound around a magnetic core 23, being magnetically coupled to each other.
  • the coupling coefficient between said coils 21 and 22 is less than unity due to the fact that they have a different number of turns.
  • the inductor 20 is constructed in such a manner that it introduces a significant leakage inductance between said coils 21 and 22.
  • the leakage inductance is represented on figure 1 by means of a third coil 21-2, which is connected in series with an end of the first coil 21 and with an end of the first capacitor 21-1.
  • the magnitude of the inductance of the third coil 21-2 has to reach a high value, due to the fact that the current ripple is a function of the ratio between the magnitude of the voltage drop across the third coil 21-2 and the value of its inductance; consequently the latter has to be as high as possible.
  • the voltage seen by the inductance 21-2 is the difference in voltage between the voltage on the second capacitor 22-1 and that on the first capacitor 21-1.
  • Figure 3 shows the preferred embodiment of the magnetic core 23 used in the construction of the inductor 20 in order to reach the results desired with the invention.
  • the core 23 comprises at least two standardised core sections, and at least one of the sections is of an E type, i.e. a three-leg core.
  • Figure 2 shows each of the coils 21 and 22 respectively wound around an outside leg of the type E section, and where one end of the first coil 21 and the corresponding end of the second coil 22 are electrically connected at the second node 24.
  • the turns of each of the coils 21 and 22 are laid on printed circuit board, being possibly of the multi-layer type.
  • the manufacturing process of the planar inductor 20 of the invention is relatively insensitive to tolerances and guarantees a high degree of repeatability of said process.
  • the operation of the buck converter is explained as follows: during a period when the first switching means 13 is conducting, the same power as is applied across the input terminals 11 and 12 is applied to the input terminals 14-1 and 14-2 of the filtering means 14, which is greater than the voltage present across the output terminals 14-3 and 14-4.
  • the inductor 20 starts to charge, storing a certain amount of energy as well as feeding current to the load. During this time interval, there is a direct transfer of power from the input to the output.
  • the voltage applied to the input of the filtering means 14 is less than that applied to the terminals 14-3 and 14-4. Consequently, the current through the filtering means 14 has the same direction as before, but is decreasing.
  • the second switching means 15 stops conducting and the cycle is re-initiated.
  • the main objective of the magnetic integration of the planar inductor 20 is to shunt the alternating current (AC) received by the filtering means 14 into the second coil 22; consequently, the first coil 21 only receives the direct current (DC), whereby the output voltage is smoothed more easily.
  • the series combination of the second coil 22 and the second capacitor 22-1 receives only AC current with a mean value equal to zero. Consequently, the output current satisfies the zero ripple condition.
  • the inductor 20 is designed to confine the common magnetic flux observed respectively by the two coils 21 and 22, through the ferromagnetic circuit formed by the outside legs of the core 23. And the flux observed by the third coil 21-2 is conducted through the ferromagnetic circuit formed by the centre leg and the outside leg on which the first coil 21 is wound.
  • the centre leg has a predetermined air gap 23-1, in order to limit the magnitude of this last flux.
  • the outside legs have a second air gap, which is much less than the first air gap 23-1 of the centre leg, for limiting the magnitude of the common magnetic flux and prevent the core 23 from saturating.
  • FIG. 4 shows the filtering means 14 of the invention in a switched power converter of the boost type. Its operation is not described here, as it is similar to that of the buck converter.
  • the switched power converter comprising the filtering means 14 of the invention is preferentially implemented with planar integrated magnetic devices, the coils of which are laid on printed circuit boards, demonstrating little sensitivity to variations arising during the manufacturing process that can be automated through the use of standardised elements.
  • the converter in question is compact in size and low in profile, being particularly useful in those applications which require both low power and low voltage, i.e. for supplying power to end loads.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
EP99402948A 1998-12-15 1999-11-26 Drosselspule mit hohem Streufeld für geschalteten Stromrichter Withdrawn EP1014397A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES9802601 1998-12-15
ES9802601 1998-12-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1014397A1 true EP1014397A1 (de) 2000-06-28

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99402948A Withdrawn EP1014397A1 (de) 1998-12-15 1999-11-26 Drosselspule mit hohem Streufeld für geschalteten Stromrichter

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EP (1) EP1014397A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2000208342A (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103489564A (zh) * 2008-05-28 2014-01-01 弗莱克斯电子有限责任公司 功率转换器的磁性装置
CN103515066A (zh) * 2012-06-22 2014-01-15 Det国际控股有限公司 用于软开关转换器的集成磁性元件
CN104795224A (zh) * 2014-01-16 2015-07-22 华为技术有限公司 一种磁集成元件及电源模块
DE102015212022A1 (de) * 2015-04-14 2016-10-20 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Transformator und LLC-Konverter zum Betreiben eines Leuchtmittels
US10389104B1 (en) * 2015-01-09 2019-08-20 Clemson University Circuit breaker for DC circuits using coupled induction
WO2020096342A1 (ko) * 2018-11-06 2020-05-14 엘지전자 주식회사 무선 충전 패드 및 무선 충전 장치
DE102020127173B3 (de) 2020-10-15 2022-05-05 Tdk Electronics Ag Kompakte gekoppelte Induktivität
US20230395316A1 (en) * 2022-06-03 2023-12-07 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Control device for power conversion device

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101385237B (zh) * 2005-07-28 2012-12-12 Rgb系统公司 用于在d类放大器中实现软开关的方法和装置
KR100966334B1 (ko) 2008-03-14 2010-06-28 삼성전기주식회사 복합 변압기를 이용한 스위칭 전원 장치
JP5846864B2 (ja) * 2011-11-08 2016-01-20 エヌ・ティ・ティ・データ先端技術株式会社 バイアス励磁トランス及び電気回路
CN106100313A (zh) * 2015-04-27 2016-11-09 松下知识产权经营株式会社 电源电路
CN105826064B (zh) * 2016-05-20 2017-10-13 哈尔滨理工大学 一种基于磁路变换的可调电抗器

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5724515A (en) * 1980-07-22 1982-02-09 Kourin Giken:Kk Oscillator transformer
EP0444522A1 (de) * 1990-02-27 1991-09-04 TDK Corporation Spulenanordnung
US5481238A (en) * 1994-04-19 1996-01-02 Argus Technologies Ltd. Compound inductors for use in switching regulators
US5783984A (en) * 1995-06-16 1998-07-21 Hughes Electronics Method and means for combining a transformer and inductor on a single core structure

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5724515A (en) * 1980-07-22 1982-02-09 Kourin Giken:Kk Oscillator transformer
EP0444522A1 (de) * 1990-02-27 1991-09-04 TDK Corporation Spulenanordnung
US5481238A (en) * 1994-04-19 1996-01-02 Argus Technologies Ltd. Compound inductors for use in switching regulators
US5783984A (en) * 1995-06-16 1998-07-21 Hughes Electronics Method and means for combining a transformer and inductor on a single core structure

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 006, no. 091 (E - 109) 28 May 1982 (1982-05-28) *

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103489564B (zh) * 2008-05-28 2017-04-12 弗莱克斯电子有限责任公司 功率转换器的磁性装置
CN103559977A (zh) * 2008-05-28 2014-02-05 弗莱克斯电子有限责任公司 功率转换器的磁性装置
CN103489564A (zh) * 2008-05-28 2014-01-01 弗莱克斯电子有限责任公司 功率转换器的磁性装置
CN103559977B (zh) * 2008-05-28 2016-08-17 弗莱克斯电子有限责任公司 功率转换器的磁性装置
CN103515066A (zh) * 2012-06-22 2014-01-15 Det国际控股有限公司 用于软开关转换器的集成磁性元件
CN104795224A (zh) * 2014-01-16 2015-07-22 华为技术有限公司 一种磁集成元件及电源模块
US10389104B1 (en) * 2015-01-09 2019-08-20 Clemson University Circuit breaker for DC circuits using coupled induction
US10998711B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2021-05-04 Clemson University Research Foundation Circuit breaker for DC circuits using coupled induction
DE102015212022A1 (de) * 2015-04-14 2016-10-20 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Transformator und LLC-Konverter zum Betreiben eines Leuchtmittels
AT16897U1 (de) * 2015-04-14 2020-11-15 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Transformator und LLC-Konverter zum Betreiben eines Leuchtmittels
WO2020096342A1 (ko) * 2018-11-06 2020-05-14 엘지전자 주식회사 무선 충전 패드 및 무선 충전 장치
DE102020127173B3 (de) 2020-10-15 2022-05-05 Tdk Electronics Ag Kompakte gekoppelte Induktivität
US20230395316A1 (en) * 2022-06-03 2023-12-07 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Control device for power conversion device

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