EP1015400B1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von keramischen fasern, die danach hergestellten keramischen fasern und deren verwendung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von keramischen fasern, die danach hergestellten keramischen fasern und deren verwendung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1015400B1 EP1015400B1 EP98940234A EP98940234A EP1015400B1 EP 1015400 B1 EP1015400 B1 EP 1015400B1 EP 98940234 A EP98940234 A EP 98940234A EP 98940234 A EP98940234 A EP 98940234A EP 1015400 B1 EP1015400 B1 EP 1015400B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ceramic
- melt
- fibers
- materials
- process according
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-iodoquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(I)=CC=C21 FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920008262 Thermoplastic starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminum silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004628 starch-based polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DZKDPOPGYFUOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten dioxide Inorganic materials O=[W]=O DZKDPOPGYFUOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/08—Bushings, e.g. construction, bushing reinforcement means; Spinnerettes; Nozzles; Nozzle plates
- C03B37/095—Use of materials therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62227—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining fibres
- C04B35/62231—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining fibres based on oxide ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/653—Processes involving a melting step
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing ceramic fibers from the Melt, the ceramic fibers subsequently obtainable, in particular in the form of hollow micro fibers, as well as the use of these ceramic fibers.
- the older international application PCT / EP 97/00255 relates to hollow micro fibers ceramic materials. These are suitable for a variety of advantageous applications, for example for the production of membranes. Molecular sieves, catalyst supports, Filters and the like. In the older application it is explained in detail how these microfiber fibers are made. As a particularly preferred method thereby highlighted a spinning process.
- the dispersion which is the precursor the ceramic material, for example in the form of clay minerals, metal hydroxides, mixed metal hydroxides / oxides, mixed metal oxides / metal halides, Metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal alcoholates, feldspars, zeolites or Bohmites and a thermally removable binder, for example urea, polyvinyl alcohol, Contains polymer thermoplastic starch (PTS), wax, gelatin, agar, proteins or saccharides, placed in a feed container or a pressure vessel of the spinning device.
- the Dispersion is at a temperature of about 20 to 400 ° C by the spinning device guided and pressed through nozzles.
- the generated in the area of the nozzle openings Streams are centered by cores and / or by means for blowing a Gases shared.
- the streams are created by heating, by irradiation or by access of a reaction partner solidified into green micro hollow fibers.
- the preserved green Hollow micro fibers are burned into finished hollow micro fibers.
- EP 0 503 655 also describes solid fibers with a diameter of approximately 3 ⁇ m.
- No. 5,290,370 discloses monocrystalline ceramic fibers with a diameter of 8 to 20 ⁇ m .
- EP 0 047 640 relates to hollow fibers, the outer diameter of which is preferably below 2000 ⁇ m and the wall thicknesses of between 20 ⁇ m and approximately 1000 ⁇ m .
- US 5 176 729 discloses a process for the production of fibers, wherein between the inner and outer walls of the edge area of a centrifuge a temperature gradient is maintained.
- this object is achieved by a method for producing ceramic fibers from the melt, which is characterized in that a Melt ceramic raw materials at a temperature of at least about 1150 ° C in a conventional manner through a nozzle of a tool and is then allowed to solidify, with at least the parts of the tool that the Exposure to the melt are made of a material that a Melting point above about 2200 ° C, has the required strength and is corrosion resistant and the temperature of the melt is at least about 250 ° C above the solidification or melting point of the ceramic starting material.
- the above-mentioned minimum temperature of the ceramic melt of 1150 ° C is at preferred starting materials in the form of oxidic. nitridic and / or carbidic Regularly far exceeded materials and is then preferably at least about 1600 ° C and most preferably at more than 1900 ° C. In individual Cases are even temperatures of about to produce the required melt 2200 ° C. As a result, the setting of the minimum temperature inevitably depends on the melting temperatures of the starting materials.
- the preferred ceramics materials of the nature mentioned above, i.e. oxidic, nitridic and / or carbide materials are aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, silicon oxide. Titanium dioxide, beryllium oxide and / or zirconium oxide.
- a particularly inexpensive starting material aluminum oxide, in particular in the form of leucosapphire, is preferred in mealy form, which shows a melting temperature of about 2200 ° C.
- the required Has strength and is corrosion resistant are tantalum, tungsten, materials of the eighth subgroup, aluminum nitride and / or zirconia.
- Composite structures can also be used to manufacture the tool can be used from these materials. That is decisive high melting point, which is not reached by the melting of the raw materials becomes.
- these materials show when using the respective tool the required strength properties and are also with regard to various Ceramic raw materials satisfactorily corrosion-resistant. The corrosion resistance is particularly necessary or useful if corrosive from the melts Gases are created.
- the materials of which the tool is made are as follows to be determined: melting point above 2200 ° C, sufficient strength, i.e. (To form-) Brittleness in carrying out the process and preferably corrosion resistance, especially against the acids mentioned.
- the die of the tool preferably has a diameter of about 300 to 7 ⁇ m.
- the cross section is reduced on. It is advantageous here that the temperature of the melt around at least about 250 ° C above the solidification or melting point of the ceramic materials or corresponding metal materials. The effect of reducing the cross section occurs particularly when far above the actual melting point or solidification point of the ceramic raw materials.
- a Another technological explanation could be the temperature of the melt choose that their enthalpy about 5 to 40% above that of the eutectic mixture of the ceramic raw materials. Thus, it is particularly advantageous to look as possible to approach the melting temperature of the tool materials without their Impair functionality.
- the mentioned ceramic starting materials are before the actual process for example by arc melting or plasma melting processes and the like brought to the required temperature.
- the resulting melt is in transferred the tool with the mentioned nozzles.
- the method according to the invention can be designed so that full ceramic fibers arise.
- the dimension of the nozzle and by the regulation of the addressed Conditions related to the melt can be the desired Adjust the diameter of the fibers precisely.
- the invention Process to manufacture hollow ceramic fibers. It is in the direction of the river a coaxial lumen generator is arranged centrally in the die in the die of the mold, which preferably protrudes over the edge of the nozzle.
- This lumen generator can be a core or means for injecting a fluid, such as oxygen. Nitrogen, air, preferably noble gases, or another gas mixture.
- the lumen The hollow micro fibers are then created by the lumen generator, being from the center of the lumen generator, the fluid preferably flows. Due to the arrangement of the Lumen formers in the nozzle appear ring or profile openings, these openings can be designed so that the largest possible number of nozzles, e.g. several Thousands in a confined space, regularly side by side.
- the lumen generator can be produced, for example, as follows: it becomes a conical one Green body, e.g. made of aluminum nitride and a thermoplastic, in one "Thermoplastic, ready-to-use" spraying process. With a laser there is a targeted formation of holes in the longitudinal direction of the cone towards the cone tip. After that the thermoplastic is burned, so that the ceramic lumen generator is formed. If tantalum, tungsten or zirconium dioxide is used as the starting material, then to process these materials as flour, which is mixed with the thermoplastic.
- a ceramic micro hollow fiber can be used a wall thickness of about 0.01 to 15 microns and an outer diameter of Obtained 0.5 to 35 microns.
- a particular advantage of the method according to the invention can be seen in the fact that under the mentioned conditions the production of monolithic ceramic fibers, be it full fibers or hollow fibers, is possible.
- monolithic a so-called single crystal can be understood, i.e. the crystal lattice in the solid ceramic Fiber has the same orientation everywhere (see Römpps Chemie Lexikon, 8th ed., Vol. 2, p. 1151).
- the method according to the invention allows the production of uniform ones or evenly formed fibers and hollow fibers that fluctuate of wall thickness and outside diameter of not more than 6%. This is in various areas of application of particular advantage, for example in piezoceramics and for ceramic products that are used in a high vacuum should.
- the ceramic fibers obtained according to the invention are suitable for use in a wide range of applications, e.g. for the production of piezoceramics, implants, temperature-resistant conveyor belts, metal-ceramic composites or other composite materials, reinforcements in construction, elements in electrorheology, security films, gas-filled films, carrier materials, non-flammable and rotten paper qualities, the matrix of molten metals or of thin-walled polymer components or elements for refrigeration, for thermal insulation, for light transport or for seals and cladding.
- the micro hollow fiber as a sapphire in a mullite matrix is particularly suitable as reinforcement, but also in discs for high-performance brakes.
- a spinning device from KWH HESCHO GmbH Germany was used to produce a ceramic micro hollow fiber.
- a ceramic mass from a ceramic melting process was used as the ceramic starting material, which was obtained by melting a mixture of Al 2 O 3 and aluminum silicates in powder / flour form.
- the paste-like melt mass obtained was filled into a feed container of the spinning device and pressed into the spinning head without bubbles using a compressor.
- the delivery temperature was 2300 ° C.
- the pasty mass was formed through more than 3000 ring-shaped nozzle openings of the spinning head.
- the diameter of the nozzle openings was 140 ⁇ m.
- Coaxial baffles with a diameter of 80 ⁇ m were used as lumen formers to form hollow fibers.
- the micro hollow fibers obtained had a wall thickness of approximately 5.5 ⁇ m and an outer diameter of approximately 33 ⁇ m.
- the hollow micro fibers were reduced in their inner and outer diameter by stretching at plasticity temperature. The stretching was carried out at a temperature of 1600 ° C. After stretching, the 1600 ° C hot microfiber was drawn off on spools and thereby cooled to 640 ° C by a mixture of air and gas and thus crystallized and sufficiently cured. The take-off speed was approximately 200 m / min.
- the stretched hollow micro fibers had a wall thickness of approximately 0.9 ⁇ m and an outer diameter of approximately 6 ⁇ m.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Description
Claims (10)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von keramischen Fasern aus der Schmeize, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Schmelze von Keramikausgangsmaterialien einer Temperatur von mindestens etwa 1150°C auf an sich bekannte Weise durch die Düse eines Werkzeugs geführt und danach erstarren gelassen wird, wobei mindestens die Teile des Werkzeugs, die der Einwirkung der Schmelze ausgesetzt sind, aus einem Material bestehen, das einen Schmelzpunkt oberhalb etwa 2200°C hat, die erforderliche Festigkeit aufweist und korrosionsbeständig ist und wobei die Temperatur der Schmelze um mindestens etwa 250°C über dem Erstarrungs- bzw. Schmelzpunkt des Keramikausgangsmaterials liegt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens die Teile des Werkzeugs, die der Einwirkung der Schmelze ausgesetzt sind, aus Tantal, Wolfram, Materialien der achten Nebengruppe des Periodensystems, Aluminiumnitrid und/oder Zirkoniumdioxid bestehen.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß oxidische, nitridische und/oder karbidische Keramikausgangsmaterialien verwendet werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schmelze der Keramikausgangsmaterialien eine Temperatur von mindestens etwa 1600°C, insbesondere mindestens etwa 1900°C aufweist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Keramikausgangsmaterial Aluminiumoxid, Magnesiumoxid, Siliciumoxid, Titandioxid, Berylliumoxid und/oder Zirkoniumoxid verwendet werden.
- Verfahren nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Düse des Werkzeugs zur Herstellung von Hohlfasern einen koaxialen Lumenbildner aufweist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Mikrohohlfasern einer Wandstärke von etwa 0,01 bis 15 µm und eines Außendurchmessers von etwa 0,5 bis 35 µm durch entsprechende Dimensionierung der Düse hergestellt werden.
- Keramische Fasern, erhältlich nach mindestens einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es Einkristallhohlfasern sind, die eine Wandstärke von etwa 0,01 bis 15 µm und einen Außendurchmesser von etwa 0,5 bis 35 µm aufweisen.
- Keramische Fasern nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schwankung von Wandstärke und Außendurchmesser nicht mehr als 6% beträgt.
- Verwendung der keramischen Fasern, insbesondere Mikrohohlfasern, nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche zur Herstellung von Piezokeramiken, Implantaten, temperaturfesten Förderbändern, Metall-Keramik-Compositen oder anderen Verbundwerkstoffen, Armierungen im Bauwesen, Elementen in der Elektrorheologie, Sicherheitsfolien, gasgefüllten Folien, Trägermaterialien, unbrennbaren und unverrottbaren Papierqualitäten, der Matrix von Metallschmelzen oder Matrix von dünnwandigen Polymerbauteilen bzw. von Elementen für die Kälteerzeugung, für die Wärmedämmung, für den Lichttransport oder für Dichtungen und Verkleidungen.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19730996 | 1997-07-18 | ||
| DE19730996A DE19730996A1 (de) | 1997-07-18 | 1997-07-18 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von keramischen Fasern, die danach hergestellten keramischen Fasern und deren Verwendung |
| PCT/EP1998/004410 WO1999003798A1 (de) | 1997-07-18 | 1998-07-15 | Verfahren zur herstellung von keramischen fasern, die danach hergestellten keramischen fasern und deren verwendung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1015400A1 EP1015400A1 (de) | 2000-07-05 |
| EP1015400B1 true EP1015400B1 (de) | 2001-12-05 |
Family
ID=7836213
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98940234A Expired - Lifetime EP1015400B1 (de) | 1997-07-18 | 1998-07-15 | Verfahren zur herstellung von keramischen fasern, die danach hergestellten keramischen fasern und deren verwendung |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20020107134A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1015400B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE210106T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU8862098A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19730996A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1999003798A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10201785C1 (de) * | 2002-01-17 | 2003-03-06 | Klaus Rennebeck | Mikrohohlfaser aus einem Metall oder einer Metall-Legierung, Vorrichtung, enthaltend eine Vielzahl der Mikrohohlfasern, sowie Verwendung derselben als Wasserstoffspeicher |
| DE102004004251A1 (de) * | 2004-01-21 | 2005-08-18 | Klaus Dr. Rennebeck | Faseranordnung |
| DE102004014374C5 (de) * | 2004-03-24 | 2011-01-05 | Schott Ag | Verwendung von Zirkoniumoxid- und Hafniumoxidhaltigem feuerfestem Material |
| US7704907B2 (en) | 2005-08-25 | 2010-04-27 | Ceramext, Llc | Synthesized hybrid rock composition, method, and article formed by the method |
| DE102014202365A1 (de) * | 2014-02-10 | 2015-08-13 | MAHLE Behr GmbH & Co. KG | Luftzuführeinrichtung |
| CN104387075B (zh) * | 2014-10-29 | 2016-06-29 | 安徽省皖捷液压科技有限公司 | 一种含金刚石微粉的喷嘴用陶瓷及其制备方法 |
| CN104387076B (zh) * | 2014-10-29 | 2016-07-06 | 安徽省皖捷液压科技有限公司 | 一种耐腐蚀陶瓷喷嘴及其制作方法 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4140507A (en) * | 1977-03-11 | 1979-02-20 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Bushing and method for forming glass fibers |
| US4348458A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1982-09-07 | Monsanto Company | Coiled inorganic monolithic hollow fibers |
| DE3509426A1 (de) * | 1985-03-15 | 1986-09-18 | Grünzweig + Hartmann und Glasfaser AG, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Einrichtung zur herstellung von mineralfasern aus silikatischen rohstoffen, insbesondere basalt mit einem modularen viskositaetsmodul von mindestens 1,5, nach dem duesenblasverfahren |
| FR2668470B1 (fr) * | 1990-10-29 | 1992-12-24 | Saint Gobain Isover | Procede et dispositif de production de fibres par centrifugation interne et application au fibrage de certains verres. |
| US5200370A (en) * | 1990-11-16 | 1993-04-06 | Fiber Materials, Inc. | Monocrystalline ceramic fibers and method of preparing same |
| AU654698B2 (en) * | 1991-03-13 | 1994-11-17 | Toshiba Monofrax Co., Ltd. | A method and apparatus for producing fibers |
| DE19532657A1 (de) * | 1994-08-27 | 1996-02-29 | Berkatherm Thueringer Daemmsto | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mineralwolle |
-
1997
- 1997-07-18 DE DE19730996A patent/DE19730996A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-07-15 DE DE59802369T patent/DE59802369D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-15 AT AT98940234T patent/ATE210106T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-07-15 WO PCT/EP1998/004410 patent/WO1999003798A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1998-07-15 EP EP98940234A patent/EP1015400B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-15 AU AU88620/98A patent/AU8862098A/en not_active Abandoned
-
2002
- 2002-03-28 US US10/108,327 patent/US20020107134A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20020107134A1 (en) | 2002-08-08 |
| EP1015400A1 (de) | 2000-07-05 |
| AU8862098A (en) | 1999-02-10 |
| WO1999003798A1 (de) | 1999-01-28 |
| DE19730996A1 (de) | 1999-01-21 |
| ATE210106T1 (de) | 2001-12-15 |
| DE59802369D1 (de) | 2002-01-17 |
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