EP1022700A2 - Decteur d'incendie par lumiere dispersee - Google Patents

Decteur d'incendie par lumiere dispersee Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1022700A2
EP1022700A2 EP00100651A EP00100651A EP1022700A2 EP 1022700 A2 EP1022700 A2 EP 1022700A2 EP 00100651 A EP00100651 A EP 00100651A EP 00100651 A EP00100651 A EP 00100651A EP 1022700 A2 EP1022700 A2 EP 1022700A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
scatter
fire detector
scattered light
scatter signals
determined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00100651A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1022700B1 (fr
EP1022700A3 (fr
Inventor
Heiner Politz
Martin Bemba
Tido Krippendorf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novar GmbH
Original Assignee
Novar GmbH
Caradon Esser GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Novar GmbH, Caradon Esser GmbH filed Critical Novar GmbH
Priority to SI200030392T priority Critical patent/SI1022700T1/xx
Publication of EP1022700A2 publication Critical patent/EP1022700A2/fr
Publication of EP1022700A3 publication Critical patent/EP1022700A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1022700B1 publication Critical patent/EP1022700B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for evaluating a scattered light system one equipped with a microprocessor Fire alarm under at least one forward and a scattering signal measured from a backward scattering angle an alarm value to be compared with an alarm threshold is obtained, as well as a fire detector for implementation of the procedure.
  • Scattered light detectors usually work with one Transmitting diode emitted infrared light that is a wavelength between 800 nm and 1 ⁇ m.
  • the one in the measuring volume of the Detectors of any existing fire aerosol are scattered Light is emitted at a backward scattering angle, i.e. under an angle between 0 ° and 90 °, and / or a forward scatter angle, i.e. at a scattering angle between 90 ° and 180 °, measured. These angles are on the the transmitter with the Axis connected to the receiver.
  • the measurement of light aerosols at a forward scatter angle provides a relatively large measurement signal.
  • the measurement darker Aerosols in the forward scatter area deliver about one Factor 10 smaller measurement signal.
  • the measurement signals grow in amount with increasing forward scatter angle.
  • the delivered signal is independent of Smoke type less than in the forward scatter area.
  • the difference between the scatter signals of light and dark aerosols is significantly lower in the backscatter area than in Forward spreading area.
  • a method of the type mentioned in the introduction is from the DE 42 31 088 A1 known.
  • This procedure will include at least two scattering angles Measuring volume of a scattered light fire detector existing aerosol measured and with for different types of smoke in one store stored reference data compared to that in the measurement volume to determine existing smoke type and depending on it of which to set the alarm value.
  • the procedure has however, the disadvantage that it is only for the analysis of known ones Types of smoke with reference data stored in the memory, not but for the satisfactory evaluation of in practice most common mixed fires is suitable, since this is not can be sufficiently classified.
  • the invention has for its object a method of to provide the type mentioned in the introduction, that for recognition the most common types of smoke and especially for evaluation of mixed fires is suitable without a high There is a risk of false alarms.
  • the backward scattering angle is about 70 ° (claim 2). About this one Have scattering angles due to scattering of IR radiation on one Aerosol obtained signals a minimum. This is a standardization of the measured values possible and therefore a reliable one Determination of the light-dark ratio guaranteed.
  • the forward scatter angle can double the back scatter angle correspond (claim 3).
  • the ratio of the measurement angles is advantageous measured scatter signals of at least one deceptive variable, such as. Water vapor, dusts and / or vapors from work processes, stored in a memory. So it is possible Recognize deceptive variables as such and clearly from Differentiate smoke so that no false alarm is triggered becomes.
  • a stray light fire detector is the procedure uses according to the invention, can also be used in environments, in conventional detectors due to their high susceptibility to false alarms cannot be used. The resulting false alarm sensitivity of the detector can be the actual Be adapted to requirements.
  • the alarm value is expediently a weighted sum of the Values corresponding to scatter signals (claim 6).
  • the sum is determined under the two scattering angles Measured values are taken into account according to their respective meaning. It is also conceivable that instead of the sum only the weighted Forward or only the weighted backward scatter signal taken into account when determining the alarm value becomes.
  • the scatter signals can have at least one value, that of a further input variable, e.g. the ambient temperature, corresponds to be multiplied (claims 7, 8).
  • the Temperature can also be determined independently of the determined Scattered signals are taken into account. Then there is also one almost aerosol-free fire, e.g. a spirit fire, an alarm is triggered.
  • the scatter signals simultaneously (claim 10) or alternating (claim 11) can be determined.
  • the invention also has one equipped with a microprocessor Scattered light fire detector with a scattered light system for the measurement of scatter signals under at least one forward and one backward scattering angle to the object in particular for performing the method according to the invention is suitable (claim 13).
  • the stray light fire detector can either be a transmitter diode and two receiver diodes (claim 14) or two transmitter diodes and have a receiver diode (claim 15).
  • the stray light fire detector can Have EEPROM (claim 16).
  • the scattered light fire detector with an interface is advantageous equipped for connecting a computer (claim 17), so that the parameters using suitable software can be adapted to the respective conditions of use.
  • the stray light detector can be used to measure the ambient temperature have a thermocouple (claim 18).
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a measuring chamber 24 of a stray light fire detector.
  • a transmitter 20 for IR radiation In the measuring chamber 24 are a transmitter 20 for IR radiation and two receivers 21, 22.
  • the receivers 21, 22 have lenses that are made of daylight-absorbing and infrared-transmissive Material.
  • the transmitter 20 and the Receivers 21, 22 have optical axes that are at an angle Include less than 90 ° or greater than 90 °.
  • the measurement setup thus includes a backward spread and a forward spread. Screen 23 prevent from the transmitter 20 outgoing radiation directly onto the receivers 21 and 22 meets.
  • the measuring chamber can have two transmitters and one receiver contain.
  • the fire detector also has a microprocessor, an EEPROM and a working memory, which are not shown.
  • the flow diagram shown in FIG. 2b illustrates the method according to the invention.
  • the IR radiation from the transmitter 20 is if an aerosol is present in the measuring volume, scattered and thereby reaches a forward spreading section Receiver 22 and a backward spread assigned receiver 21.
  • the forward scatter angle is 140 ° and the backward scattering angle is 70 °.
  • the measured Photocurrent of the receivers 21 and 22 is by means of current / voltage converters 2 or 7 converted into a voltage and for Elimination of interference peaks filtered.
  • Integrators 3 and 8 integrate the rest value for ambient light compensation on, i.e. the signal that the receivers 21 and 22 outside measure the transmission intervals of the transmitter diode 20. This is required because of residual reflections in the chamber a small amount of residual light in the chamber, so that the Idle signal is not zero.
  • the stray light fire detector comprises a temperature measuring module 25.
  • the temperature measuring module 23 has a rest value integrator 9 which determines a floating rest value.
  • the rest values of the stray light paths are very constant and only change due to pollution or aging very slowly.
  • Smoldering fires for several hours last so that the integrators the associated increase under no circumstances compensate the measurement signal.
  • the Time constants of the rest value integrators 3 and 8 must therefore are in the hour range.
  • the room temperatures can change but change in the minute range, etc. even if there is no fire is present, e.g. when opening a window. in case of a In most cases, however, the temperature rises very quickly.
  • the time constant of the integrator 9 must therefore be dimensioned in this way be that only very rapid temperature increases in the evaluation be taken into account.
  • the measured values are standardized so that they can be processed further in a uniform form (Z V , Z R , Z t ).
  • the light-dark quotient of the aerosol present in the measuring volume of the fire detector is calculated from the two standardized scattered light measurement values (Z V , Z R ). This factor causes the measurement signal of a dark aerosol to be given a higher weighting than the measurement signal of a light aerosol.
  • the two measurement signals (Z V , Z R ) are summed and weighted.
  • the weighted sum is multiplied by the light-dark quotient F H, D.
  • a further weighted sum is then formed from this measurement result and the value Z t . At this point, the temperature rise behavior is now taken into account.
  • the light-dark quotient is used only calculated when the forward and the backscatter signal is one stored in the EEPROM Exceed minimum value.
  • the result obtained is with a fixed, in the EEPROM stored alarm threshold compared, when exceeded Alarm is triggered.
  • the temperature can also rise very quickly, without a fire aerosol being formed. This is e.g. at the case of a pure spirit fire.
  • To also in this case To ensure that an alarm is triggered is in the EEPROM of the A fixed temperature alarm threshold is saved, when exceeded, an alarm is triggered. Hence is either when a maximum temperature is exceeded or alarm if a maximum scattered light value is exceeded triggered.
  • Fig. 3a shows scatter signals of selected fire goods depending from the scattering angle.
  • the characteristic course is similar for all types of smoke.
  • the signal rises in Direction of large and towards smaller scattering angles.
  • Cotton and paraffin produce bright types of smoke.
  • a PU foam fire creates a dark aerosol.
  • a cotton aerosol shows a six Stray signal sometimes stronger than a PU foam aerosol. At least, at approx. 70 °, this signal is only twice as large.
  • Fig. 3b the signals shown in Fig. 3a are on standardized a backward scattering angle of 70 °. Fires of specified fire goods thus produce aerosols that at Standardization on the backscatter angle different light-dark -Quotients, which are used in the process according to Invention are processed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
EP00100651A 1999-01-21 2000-01-13 Détecteur d'incendie par lumière dispersée Expired - Lifetime EP1022700B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200030392T SI1022700T1 (en) 1999-01-21 2000-01-13 Light scattering fire detector

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19902319 1999-01-21
DE19902319A DE19902319B4 (de) 1999-01-21 1999-01-21 Streulichtbrandmelder

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1022700A2 true EP1022700A2 (fr) 2000-07-26
EP1022700A3 EP1022700A3 (fr) 2001-04-11
EP1022700B1 EP1022700B1 (fr) 2004-03-03

Family

ID=7894975

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00100651A Expired - Lifetime EP1022700B1 (fr) 1999-01-21 2000-01-13 Détecteur d'incendie par lumière dispersée

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6218950B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1022700B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE261163T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19902319B4 (fr)
DK (1) DK1022700T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2215499T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1022700E (fr)
SI (1) SI1022700T1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5211384A (en) * 1989-04-14 1993-05-18 Bell & Howell Company Inserter with diverter for faulty members
EP2839448B1 (fr) 2012-09-07 2015-07-22 Amrona AG Dispositif et procédé de détection de signaux de lumière diffusée
DE102015117361A1 (de) 2014-10-13 2016-04-14 Universität Duisburg-Essen Vorrichtung zur Identifikation von Aerosolen

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DE10118913B4 (de) * 2001-04-19 2006-01-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Streulichtrauchmelder
US7505604B2 (en) * 2002-05-20 2009-03-17 Simmonds Precision Prodcuts, Inc. Method for detection and recognition of fog presence within an aircraft compartment using video images
DE10246756B4 (de) * 2002-10-07 2006-03-16 Novar Gmbh Branderkennungsverfahren und Brandmelder zu dessen Durchführung
AU2004290246B2 (en) * 2003-11-17 2010-06-10 Hochiki Corporation Smoke sensor using scattering light
DE102004001699A1 (de) * 2004-01-13 2005-08-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brandmelder
EP1619640A1 (fr) * 2004-07-23 2006-01-25 Siemens Schweiz AG Detecteur de fumée à lumière diffusée
DE502004005437D1 (de) * 2004-08-31 2007-12-20 Siemens Schweiz Ag Streulicht-Rauchmelder
EP1630758B1 (fr) * 2004-08-31 2008-01-02 Siemens Schweiz AG Capteur de fumée à lumière disperse
EP1783713B1 (fr) * 2005-11-04 2008-05-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Prévention contre la manipulation abusive d'un détecteur de feu
DE102007013295A1 (de) 2007-03-16 2008-09-18 Aoa Apparatebau Gauting Gmbh Rauchmelder
US8638436B2 (en) * 2009-09-15 2014-01-28 Hochiki Corporation Smoke sensor
US8289178B2 (en) * 2010-01-18 2012-10-16 Volution Electro/optical smoke analyzer
US8624745B2 (en) 2011-03-16 2014-01-07 Honeywell International Inc. High sensitivity and high false alarm immunity optical smoke detector
US8988660B2 (en) * 2011-06-29 2015-03-24 Silicon Laboratories Inc. Optical detector
DE102011108390B4 (de) 2011-07-22 2019-07-11 PPP "KB Pribor" Ltd. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rauchdetektors vom offenen Typ
DE102011108389A1 (de) 2011-07-22 2013-01-24 PPP "KB Pribor" Ltd. Rauchdetektor
DE102011083939B4 (de) * 2011-09-30 2014-12-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auswerten von Streulichtsignalen bei einem optischen Gefahrenmelder und Ausgeben sowohl eines gewichteten Rauchdichtesignals als auch eines gewichteten Staub-/Dampfdichte-Signals
DE102011119431C5 (de) 2011-11-25 2018-07-19 Apparatebau Gauting Gmbh Streustrahlungsbrandmelder und Verfahren zur automatischen Erkennung einer Brandsituation
DE102015009938B4 (de) 2015-07-30 2022-02-03 Diehl Aviation Gilching Gmbh Beheizbarer Rauchmelder
WO2018027104A1 (fr) 2016-08-04 2018-02-08 Carrier Corporation Détecteur de fumée
EP3287999A1 (fr) * 2016-08-25 2018-02-28 Siemens Schweiz AG Procede de detection d'incendie selon le principe de diffusion de la lumiere avec connexion echelonnee d'une autre unite a del pour emettre d'autres impulsions de lumiere de differentes longueurs d'onde et angle de diffusion de lumiere et un tel detecteur de fumee a ecran diffusant
EP3319057B1 (fr) 2016-11-02 2019-06-26 ams AG Dispositif intégré de détection de fumée
US20180136122A1 (en) * 2016-11-11 2018-05-17 Kidde Technologies, Inc. High sensitivity fiber optic based detection
CN107016816B (zh) * 2017-05-12 2020-08-14 浙江恒洲电子实业有限公司 烟雾探测器迷宫结构及其烟雾探测方法
JP6878197B2 (ja) * 2017-08-04 2021-05-26 能美防災株式会社 煙感知器
CN111199628A (zh) * 2018-11-20 2020-05-26 海湾安全技术有限公司 烟雾探测器
US10697880B1 (en) * 2019-04-07 2020-06-30 Everday Technology Co., Ltd. Smoke detecting device
CN110136390A (zh) * 2019-05-28 2019-08-16 赛特威尔电子股份有限公司 一种烟雾检测方法、装置、烟雾报警器及存储介质
US11615683B2 (en) * 2020-04-01 2023-03-28 Carrier Corporation Surface mount back scatter photo-electric smoke detector
US12590893B2 (en) * 2021-03-01 2026-03-31 Potter Electric Signal Company, Llc Forward and back scattering smoke detector and method of use
US12039848B2 (en) * 2021-10-28 2024-07-16 Honeywell International Inc. Non-coaxial systems, methods, and devices for detecting smoke
CN114758469B (zh) * 2022-06-13 2022-09-02 深圳市派安科技有限公司 一种抗环境光干扰的火灾烟雾探测报警器
US12417688B2 (en) 2022-08-08 2025-09-16 Kidde Fire Protection, Llc Single-wave multi-angle smoke alarm algorithm
KR102916349B1 (ko) * 2023-01-09 2026-01-22 한국전자통신연구원 다파장을 이용한 화재 판단 방법 및 장치
CN119124947B (zh) * 2024-09-19 2025-09-05 华中科技大学 一种气溶胶粒径分布传感器以及气溶胶粒径分布测量方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5211384A (en) * 1989-04-14 1993-05-18 Bell & Howell Company Inserter with diverter for faulty members
EP2839448B1 (fr) 2012-09-07 2015-07-22 Amrona AG Dispositif et procédé de détection de signaux de lumière diffusée
DE102015117361A1 (de) 2014-10-13 2016-04-14 Universität Duisburg-Essen Vorrichtung zur Identifikation von Aerosolen
EP3096130A2 (fr) 2014-10-13 2016-11-23 Universität Duisburg-Essen Dispositif destine a l'identification d'aerosols

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6218950B1 (en) 2001-04-17
HK1028289A1 (en) 2001-02-09
SI1022700T1 (en) 2004-08-31
EP1022700B1 (fr) 2004-03-03
DE19902319A1 (de) 2000-07-27
ATE261163T1 (de) 2004-03-15
DK1022700T3 (da) 2004-04-05
DE19902319B4 (de) 2011-06-30
ES2215499T3 (es) 2004-10-16
DE50005467D1 (de) 2004-04-08
PT1022700E (pt) 2004-06-30
EP1022700A3 (fr) 2001-04-11

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