EP1037973A2 - Procede d'isolement d'acides nucleiques a chaine courte et a chaine longue - Google Patents
Procede d'isolement d'acides nucleiques a chaine courte et a chaine longueInfo
- Publication number
- EP1037973A2 EP1037973A2 EP98966787A EP98966787A EP1037973A2 EP 1037973 A2 EP1037973 A2 EP 1037973A2 EP 98966787 A EP98966787 A EP 98966787A EP 98966787 A EP98966787 A EP 98966787A EP 1037973 A2 EP1037973 A2 EP 1037973A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nucleic acids
- carrier
- membranes
- materials
- carrier material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003196 chaotropic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PJJJBBJSCAKJQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].NC(N)=[NH2+] PJJJBBJSCAKJQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006166 lysate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011543 agarose gel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000789 guanidine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- YQOKLYTXVFAUCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidine;isothiocyanic acid Chemical compound N=C=S.NC(N)=N YQOKLYTXVFAUCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 silicas Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002934 lysing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000013612 plasmid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006037 cell lysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013611 chromosomal DNA Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001502 gel electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- BMYCCWYAFNPAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[dodecyl(methyl)azaniumyl]acetate Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)CC(O)=O BMYCCWYAFNPAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKDFYOWSKOHCCO-YPVLXUMRSA-N 20-hydroxyecdysone Chemical compound C1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@@H](CC[C@@]3([C@@H]([C@@](C)(O)[C@H](O)CCC(C)(O)C)CC[C@]33O)C)C3=CC(=O)[C@@H]21 NKDFYOWSKOHCCO-YPVLXUMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000004568 DNA-binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010353 genetic engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005337 ground glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001821 nucleic acid purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019833 protease Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/10—Processes for the isolation, preparation or purification of DNA or RNA
- C12N15/1003—Extracting or separating nucleic acids from biological samples, e.g. pure separation or isolation methods; Conditions, buffers or apparatuses therefor
- C12N15/1017—Extracting or separating nucleic acids from biological samples, e.g. pure separation or isolation methods; Conditions, buffers or apparatuses therefor by filtration, e.g. using filters, frits, membranes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a simple and extremely fast method for isolating and purifying large amounts of short- and long-chain nucleic acids from different biological and other starting materials. It is of great importance for a large number of laboratories working biologically, molecular biologically, forensically, medically, analytically and biochemically.
- the fields of application of the invention are forensic medicine, medical diagnostics, molecular biology, biochemistry, genetic engineering and all other related fields.
- kits are based on the well-known principle of binding nucleic acids to mineral carriers in the presence of solutions of different chaotropic salts and use suspensions of finely ground glass powder (e.g. Glasmilk, BIO 101, La Jolla, CA), diatomaceous earth (Sigma) as carrier materials. or also silica gel. (Diagen, DE 41 39 664 AI).
- a method for isolating nucleic acids that is practical for a large number of different applications is shown in US Pat. No. 5,234,809 (Boom).
- a method for isolating nucleic acids from nucleic acid-containing starting materials by incubating the starting material with a chaotropic buffer and a DNA-binding solid phase is described there.
- the chaotropic buffers implement both the lysis of the starting material and the binding of the nucleic acids to the solid phase.
- the method is well suited for isolating nucleic acids from small sample quantities and is particularly useful in the area of isolating viral nucleic acids.
- the object of the invention was to develop a method for isolating nucleic acids, in particular plasmid DNA, preferably from a wide variety of starting quantities, which leads to isolated nucleic acids which meet the high quality parameters of subsequent applications, extremely simple to carry out, quickly and is inexpensive.
- the object was achieved according to the claims, according to the invention by a combined batch column process, in which the nucleic acid binding to mineral support materials is carried out as a batch process and the bound nucleic acids are then processed chromatographically.
- the method according to the invention for the isolation and purification of short- and long-chain nucleic acids from different biological and other starting materials is characterized by
- the method according to the invention is also suitable for the isolation and purification of short- and long-chain nucleic acids from other starting materials, e.g. from bacterial lysates, vegetable components, DNA fragments from PCR batches or from agarose gels.
- Preferred carrier materials are silicon compounds, e.g. Silicon dioxide, silicas or silica gels.
- the silicon compounds used according to the invention have an average particle size of 7 nm to 5000 ⁇ m, preferably 7-40 nm or 500-5000 nm.
- Chaotropic salts are e.g. Guanidine isothiocyanate, guanidine hydrochloride, lithium chloride, sodium perchlorate, sodium iodide and / or urea, preferably in concentrations of 1 to 10 M.
- Detergents such as e.g. TritonX-100, Tween, N-Lauryl-Sarcosyl, SDS and / or CTAB, optionally protein-degrading enzymes, such as e.g. Proteinases used.
- membranes which have a pore size which is larger than that of the carrier materials used, preferably in centrifugation cartridges, the pore size of the membranes being specified as a function of the average particle size of the carrier material used.
- nylon or polysulfone membranes are preferably used.
- the carriers with the fixed nucleic acids are washed before or after their application to the membrane. The subsequent elution of the nucleic acid from the carrier is carried out professionally with buffers of low ionic strength.
- centrifugation membranes which can effectively be used for nucleic acid purifications must have a pore size which is smaller than that of the carrier matrices used, since mineral particles which have particle diameters smaller than the pores of the centrifugation membranes always centrifuge through the pores during a centrifugation step become.
- the invention is based on the surprising finding that a combined batch column method for isolating nucleic acids using mineral carrier particles, which can even be very much smaller than the pore diameter of commercially available centrifugation columns, is possible.
- the process according to the invention of combining a batch process with a column process is not limited by the use of any mineral carrier materials, even very small mineral carrier particles and their extremely large specific surfaces, with regard to the volumes of the starting materials.
- the method provides very high yields of high-purity DNA and is also very easy to carry out and can be compared to widely used anion exchange systems e.g. in the isolation of plasmid DNA can be realized in a much shorter time.
- Chromosomal DNA and proteins are subsequently sedimented by a 5 minute centrifugation step at 14,000 rpm and the clear centrifuged supernatant is subsequently incubated with 20 ⁇ l of a suspension made of a mineral carrier material consisting of silica nanoparticles (average particle size 40 nm).
- the solution is then transferred to a mini centrifugation column (e.g. Micro Spin Nylon or Micro Spin PSE; LIDA).
- the carrier particles with the bound plasmid DNA are brought to the surface of the filter membrane by centrifugation for 1 minute at 12,000 rpm and washed there by adding a washing solution (60% ethanol; NaCl) and a further centrifugation step. The washing step is repeated one more time.
- the remaining ethanol is finally removed from the carrier material by centrifugation at 12,000 rpm for 2 min.
- the bound plasmid DNA is detached by adding 100 ⁇ l of a low salt buffer (e.g. 10 mm Tris-HCl) at 70 ° C and subsequent centrifugation for 1 minute at 12,000 rpm.
- the centrifugate contains the isolated plasmid DNA.
- Chromosomal DNA and proteins are subsequently sedimented by a 10 minute centrifuge step at 5000 rpm and the clear centrifuged supernatant is subsequently treated with 150 ⁇ l of a suspension made of a mineral carrier material consisting of silica nanoparticles (average particle size 40 nm) incubated.
- the solution is then transferred to a centrifugation column (eg Macro Spin Nylon; LIDA).
- the carrier particles with the bound plasmid DNA are brought to the surface of the filter membrane by centrifugation for 5 minutes at 5000 rpm and there by adding a washing solution (60%) ethanol; NaCl) and another centrifugation step. The washing step is repeated one more time.
- the remaining ethanol is finally removed from the carrier material by centrifugation at 5000 rpm for 10 min or by incubation of the centrifugation column at 37 ° C. for 10 min.
- the bound plasmid DNA is detached by adding 200 ⁇ l - 300 ⁇ l of a low salt buffer (eg 10 mm Tris-HCl) at 70 ° C. and subsequent centrifugation for 5 minutes at 5000 rpm.
- the centrifugate contains the isolated plasmid DNA.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Le procédé selon l'invention permet d'isoler et de purifier des acides nucléiques à chaîne courte et à chaîne longue à partir de différents matériaux de départ biologiques ou d'une autre nature. Ce procédé se caractérise par le fait qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes: lyse de matériaux contenant des acides nucléiques; incubation avec un matériau support minéral; application sur des membranes présentant une taille de pore supérieure à la taille de particule du matériau support; et séparation des acides nucléiques du matériau support par élution, les particules de matériau support restant, de façon surprenante, sur la membrane.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19758102 | 1997-12-18 | ||
| DE19758102 | 1997-12-18 | ||
| PCT/DE1998/003728 WO1999032616A2 (fr) | 1997-12-18 | 1998-12-18 | Procede d'isolement d'acides nucleiques a chaine courte et a chaine longue |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1037973A2 true EP1037973A2 (fr) | 2000-09-27 |
Family
ID=7853518
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98966787A Withdrawn EP1037973A2 (fr) | 1997-12-18 | 1998-12-18 | Procede d'isolement d'acides nucleiques a chaine courte et a chaine longue |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1037973A2 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2001526888A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2509799A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2315257A1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE19858447A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1999032616A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7148343B2 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2006-12-12 | Gentra Systems, Inc. | Compositions and methods for using a solid support to purify RNA |
| DE10222133A1 (de) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-12-04 | Gl Biotech Gmbh | Verfahren zur Nukleinsäure-Extraktion und Nukleinsäure-Reinigung |
| US7482116B2 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2009-01-27 | Dna Genotek Inc. | Compositions and methods for obtaining nucleic acids from sputum |
| DE102008057317A1 (de) | 2007-11-13 | 2009-09-10 | Stratec Biomedical Systems Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Aufreinigung von Biomolekülen |
| KR101569832B1 (ko) * | 2008-11-19 | 2015-11-18 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 시료 중의 게놈 ｄｎａ 및 플라스미드 ｄｎａ를 서로 분리하는 방법 및 그를 위한 키트 |
| CN106442039B (zh) | 2011-06-19 | 2020-08-07 | 阿博根公司 | 用于样品采集的装置、溶液和方法 |
| CA2941764C (fr) | 2014-03-07 | 2023-10-24 | Dna Genotek Inc. | Composition et procede de stabilisation des acides nucleiques dans des echantillons biologiques |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5075430A (en) * | 1988-12-12 | 1991-12-24 | Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. | Process for the purification of DNA on diatomaceous earth |
| NL8900725A (nl) * | 1989-03-23 | 1990-10-16 | Az Univ Amsterdam | Werkwijze en combinatie van middelen voor het isoleren van nucleinezuur. |
| US5155018A (en) * | 1991-07-10 | 1992-10-13 | Hahnemann University | Process and kit for isolating and purifying RNA from biological sources |
| AU689815B2 (en) * | 1993-08-30 | 1998-04-09 | Promega Corporation | Nucleic acid purification compositions and methods |
| DE59506735D1 (de) * | 1994-06-14 | 1999-10-07 | Invitek Gmbh | Universelles verfahren zur isolierung und reinigung von nukleinsäuren aus extrem geringen mengen sowie sehr stark verunreinigten unterschiedlichsten ausgangsmaterialien |
| DE4422040A1 (de) * | 1994-06-14 | 1995-12-21 | Invitek Gmbh | Verfahren zur Isolierung und Reinigung von PCR-Produkten |
| DE4422044A1 (de) * | 1994-06-14 | 1995-12-21 | Invitek Gmbh | Verfahren zur Isolierung, Reinigung und ggf. Lagerung von Nukleinsäuren |
| DE19506887C2 (de) * | 1995-02-17 | 1999-10-14 | Invitek Gmbh | Verfahren zur simultanen Isolierung von genomischer DNS und hochreiner Total RNS |
| US5783686A (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1998-07-21 | Beckman Instruments, Inc. | Method for purifying nucleic acids from heterogenous mixtures |
| DE19717717B4 (de) * | 1997-04-18 | 2007-08-02 | InViTek Gesellschaft für Biotechnik & Biodesign mbH | Verfahren zur nichtinvasiven Erkennung bösartiger Tumoren der Lunge |
-
1998
- 1998-12-18 EP EP98966787A patent/EP1037973A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-12-18 WO PCT/DE1998/003728 patent/WO1999032616A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 1998-12-18 DE DE19858447A patent/DE19858447A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-12-18 CA CA002315257A patent/CA2315257A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1998-12-18 JP JP2000525535A patent/JP2001526888A/ja active Pending
- 1998-12-18 AU AU25097/99A patent/AU2509799A/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9932616A3 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2315257A1 (fr) | 1999-07-01 |
| AU2509799A (en) | 1999-07-12 |
| JP2001526888A (ja) | 2001-12-25 |
| WO1999032616A2 (fr) | 1999-07-01 |
| WO1999032616A3 (fr) | 1999-09-10 |
| DE19858447A1 (de) | 1999-07-01 |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
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