EP1039780A1 - Dispositif de rayonnements infra-rouges et procédé de réchauffement de biens à traiter - Google Patents

Dispositif de rayonnements infra-rouges et procédé de réchauffement de biens à traiter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1039780A1
EP1039780A1 EP00104297A EP00104297A EP1039780A1 EP 1039780 A1 EP1039780 A1 EP 1039780A1 EP 00104297 A EP00104297 A EP 00104297A EP 00104297 A EP00104297 A EP 00104297A EP 1039780 A1 EP1039780 A1 EP 1039780A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
infrared radiator
length
carbon
infrared
cladding tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00104297A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1039780B1 (fr
Inventor
Walter Dieudonné
Joachim Scherzer
Klaus Schmitz
Siefried Grob
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Excelitas Noblelight GmbH
Original Assignee
Heraeus Noblelight GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heraeus Noblelight GmbH filed Critical Heraeus Noblelight GmbH
Publication of EP1039780A1 publication Critical patent/EP1039780A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1039780B1 publication Critical patent/EP1039780B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/02—Incandescent bodies
    • H01K1/14—Incandescent bodies characterised by the shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/02—Incandescent bodies
    • H01K1/04—Incandescent bodies characterised by the material thereof
    • H01K1/06—Carbon bodies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/0033—Heating devices using lamps
    • H05B3/0038—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications
    • H05B3/0057—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications for plastic handling and treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/0033—Heating devices using lamps
    • H05B3/009—Heating devices using lamps heating devices not specially adapted for a particular application
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an infrared radiator with a closed cladding tube, the one with Connections for a power supply connected emission source in the form of a carbon tape, an irradiation length extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cladding tube of the infrared radiator determined, encloses.
  • the invention further relates to a method for heating a material to be treated using an infrared radiator, the heating rate allowed of at least 250 ° C / second.
  • an infrared radiator is known in which the emission source is in the form an elongated carbon band is formed, which extends from one end face to the opposite a quartz glass cladding tube closed on both sides.
  • the carbon band is there from a large number of graphite fibers arranged parallel to each other and in the form of a ribbon.
  • the carbon band has metal end caps on both sides Mistake. The ends of the carbon band are usually clamped into these end caps.
  • the caps are connected with a spirally bent metal wire, which in turn to the electrical feedthrough protruding through the closed end faces of the cladding tube attacks.
  • the radiation length of the infrared radiator results directly from the length of the Carbon band.
  • the carbon band allows rapid temperature changes of at least 250 ° C / second, so that the well-known infrared carbon emitters are characterized by high speed of reaction.
  • the well-known carbon heater can be used at high temperatures around 1450 K. In this case, however, it must be ensured that the quartz glass cladding tube is not in contact with the hot carbon tape comes into contact.
  • the carbon radiator is used at temperatures below the load limit of the quartz glass (approx. 1270 K), the radiation power is reduced according to the Stefan-Boltzmann law.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, the known infrared radiator in the sense of a develop higher radiation power, and a method for the use of an inventive Infrared emitters for the treatment of material layers indicate the short treatment times with a high energy efficiency.
  • this task is based on the one described at the beginning Spotlight solved according to the invention in that the carbon band has a length that is at least a factor of 1.5 greater than the radiation length.
  • the irradiation length is understood to mean the length section of the infrared radiator that contributes directly to the heating. This length section extends between the unheated ends of the cladding tube. While the length of the carbon ribbon corresponds to the irradiation length in the known infrared radiator, the length of the carbon ribbon in the infrared radiator according to the invention is at least 1.5 times as long. As a result, at least an enlargement of the emitting surface by a factor of 1.5 is achieved over the irradiation length, which is accompanied by a corresponding increase in the radiation power at the same surface temperature according to Boltzmann's law. Thus, high power densities can be achieved with the infrared radiator according to the invention even at low operating temperatures.
  • the infrared radiator according to the invention allows rapid heating up to at least 250 ° C./second and rapid cooling and thus behaves similarly to short-wave infrared radiators with regard to its temperature change rate.
  • their emission maximum is usually in the wavelength range between 0.9 ⁇ m and 1.8 ⁇ m, whereas in the infrared radiator according to the invention, due to the low operating temperatures below approximately 1220 K, the maximum emission in the wavelength range from approximately 2.3 ⁇ m to 2.9 ⁇ m lies.
  • This wavelength range agrees well with the wavelength range from about 1.8 ⁇ m to 4 ⁇ m, within which the water-containing material to be treated has absorption maxima. Due to the increased radiation power of the new infrared radiator, a comparatively low energy consumption is sufficient to operate the new infrared radiator in this wavelength range. This also leads to a correspondingly low heating of the radiator environment. It is thus surprisingly found that the efficiency of the infrared treatment of the usual items to be treated is better with the new infrared radiator, and the energy requirement can at the same time be lower than with the known short-wave infrared radiators.
  • a spiral-shaped carbon band has proven particularly useful. Due to the spiral shape the surface of the emission source is significantly larger than the surface of a cylindrical, straight band of equal length.
  • the spiral shape is essential for power output the outward radiating surface is relevant, apart from the gap between the turns have approximately the shape of a cylindrical surface. In this case it is in the sense of the invention requires that the outwardly radiating surface by at least is a factor 1.5 larger than the radiation length. The larger surface in turn leads to a higher radiation output at a given surface temperature.
  • the carbon band is folded like an accordion or curved in a wave shape. It is essential that the special shapes mentioned contribute to a length of the carbon band that is at least 1.5 times larger than that Irradiation length is.
  • the thickness of the carbon band is usually in the range between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm, and its width in the range between 2 mm and 25 mm.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved in that the infrared radiator according to the invention is operated in such a way that its emission maximum is at a wavelength in the range from 1.8 ⁇ m to 2.9 ⁇ m and that its power output is at least 15 watts per cm 3 of the volume enclosed by the cladding tube over the radiation length.
  • the material to be treated can be heated by means of the infrared radiator, for example for drying, hardening, softening or welding.
  • the specified wavelength range from 1.8 ⁇ m to 2.9 ⁇ m is associated with a surface temperature in the range from approximately 1250 K to approximately 1000 K. Due to the comparatively large surface area of the emission source, high power densities can be achieved in the infrared radiator according to the invention even at these relatively low operating temperatures.
  • a power output of at least 15 watts per cm 3 of the volume enclosed by the cladding tube over the radiation length is set for heating the material to be treated, this power output essentially comprising a wavelength range of approximately 1.8 ⁇ m to 4 ⁇ m, within the water-containing material to be treated usually absorption maxima having.
  • the new infrared radiator For the operation of the new infrared radiator, not only is a relatively low energy consumption required, but in particular this wavelength range agrees well with the above-mentioned application-specific wavelength range of approximately 1.8 ⁇ m to 4 ⁇ m. As a result, the irradiation times for the desired heating are short. With this mode of operation of the new infrared radiator, the efficiency for heating the material to be treated is therefore better than with conventional short-wave infrared radiators. In particular, the energy required for heating is lower and the treatment time is shorter.
  • a procedure in which the maximum of the emission wavelength is particularly preferred is 2.3 ⁇ m to 2.7 ⁇ m.
  • the new infrared heater is operating in this Wavelength range become a particularly high energy efficiency with short ones Treatment times reached.
  • the infrared radiator shown schematically in FIG. 1 is a medium-wave infrared radiator with an emission maximum in the wavelength range from 2.0 to 2.9 ⁇ m.
  • a heating element in the form of a spiral carbon band 2 is arranged within an evacuated envelope tube 1 made of quartz glass.
  • the cladding tube 1 has an inner diameter of 16 mm and a length of approximately 110 cm. The ends of the cladding tube 1 are closed by crushing 4, through which metallic connecting elements 3 for the electrical connection of the carbon strip 2 are led out.
  • the carbon band 2 has a thickness of 0.15 mm and a width of 11 mm.
  • the ends of the carbon strip 2 are connected to the metallic connection elements 3.
  • the spiral formed by the carbon band 2 circumscribes an enveloping circle with an outside diameter of approx. 15 mm.
  • the gap between the turns is about 2 mm.
  • the coil extends over the entire radiation length "B" of the infrared radiator, which is approximately 100 cm.
  • the actual length of the carbon band 2 in the extended form is approximately 360 cm.
  • the spiral carbon band 2 has a total of approximately 3.6 times greater surface area within the irradiation length "B" of the cladding tube 1, of which the surface radiating outwards however, only makes up a proportion, so that the surface enlargement which is actually effective for increasing the performance is approximately a factor of 2 compared to the elongated embodiment. Accordingly, twice the radiation power is provided, which is particularly noticeable at low temperatures below 1220 K.
  • the spiral carbon band 2 is therefore particularly suitable for producing an infrared radiator according to the invention.
  • the infrared heater allows rapid temperature changes; Heating speeds of more than 250 ° C / second are possible.
  • the volume enclosed by the cladding tube 1 over the irradiation length B is approximately 200 cm 3 in this embodiment.
  • the infrared heater is used to heat a strip material in a continuous furnace.
  • the main absorption bands of the band-shaped material to be heated are in the range between 1.8 ⁇ m and 4 ⁇ m.
  • the infrared radiator according to the invention is operated in such a way that its emission maximum is at a wavelength of approximately 2.4 ⁇ m.
  • the infrared emitter emits a power of approximately 40 watts per cm of lamp length, in the exemplary embodiment thus approximately 4000 watts in total, which corresponds to approximately 20 W per cm 3 of the volume enclosed by the cladding tube 1 over the irradiation length B.
  • the area power is 80 kW / m 2 .
  • the specified emission wavelength range of 2.4 ⁇ m corresponds to a surface temperature in the range of approximately 1200 K. Because of the comparatively large surface area of the carbon ribbon 2, the high power densities of approximately 80 kW / m 2 mentioned are also in these infrared radiators at these relatively low operating temperatures reachable. Due to the high power density in the area of the main absorption bands of the material to be heated, high process speeds are also possible.
  • the efficiency for heating is thus of the material to be treated is better than with short-wave infrared emitters.
  • the Energy consumption for heating is lower and the treatment time is shorter.
  • the infrared radiator according to the invention is used for welding molded plastic parts.
  • the emission maximum of the carbon radiator 2 is set to a wavelength of 2.5 ⁇ m.
  • the main absorption bands of the plastic to be heated are 3 to 4 ⁇ m.
  • the infrared radiator according to the invention is operated in such a way that its emission maximum is at a wavelength of around 2.9 ⁇ m.
  • the infrared radiator emits a power of approximately 36 watts per cm of radiator length, in the exemplary embodiment thus approximately 3600 watts in total, which corresponds to approximately 18 W per cm 3 of the volume enclosed by the cladding tube 1 over the irradiation length B.
  • the diagram shown in FIG. 2 shows the advantageous effect of the infrared radiator according to the invention.
  • the diagram shows spectral radiation distributions of a typical short-wave infrared radiator (curve A), a conventional carbon radiator at an operating temperature of the carbon belt of 1500 K (curve B) and a carbon radiator according to the invention with a coiled carbon belt as shown in FIG. 1 at an operating temperature of 1200 K (curve C) shown.
  • the intensity of the spectral emission according to the Stefan Boltzmann law is plotted in relative units (kW / m 2 standardization) on the y-axis, and the wavelength range from 0 to 7.5 ⁇ m is plotted on the x-axis.
  • Curves A, B and C differ in this wavelength range.
  • the corresponding spectral component which is characterized by the hatched area under curve A, is the smallest, whereas this spectral component is used in the infrared Emitter according to curve C is the largest despite the same power.
  • the accordion-like folded carbon band 5 shown schematically in FIG. 3 has a thickness of 0.15 mm and a width of 10 mm.
  • the carbon band 5 is folded transversely to its longitudinal axis 6.
  • four identical folds 7 are provided, each of the folds 7 comprising an upper kink 8 above the longitudinal axis 6 and a lower kink 9 below the longitudinal axis 6.
  • the distance between the upper kink 8 and the lower kink 9 is approximately 11 mm for each fold 7.
  • the folded carbon band 5 extends over an irradiation length of approximately 8 cm.
  • the actual length of the carbon ribbon 5 in the extended form is approximately 12.5 cm.
  • the folded carbon band 5 - in comparison to an embodiment of the carbon band stretched along the longitudinal axis 6 - provides a surface which is approximately 1.5 times larger within the irradiation length and accordingly enables a radiation power which is higher by the same factor.
  • the wave-shaped carbon band 10 shown schematically in FIG. 4 has a thickness of 0.15 mm and a width of 10.5 mm.
  • the carbon band 10 is bent in a wave shape transversely to its longitudinal axis 11.
  • 19 identical shafts 12 are provided, each of the shafts 12 including a wave crest 13 above the longitudinal axis 11 and a wave trough 14 below the longitudinal axis 11.
  • the carbon tape length between wave crest 13 and wave trough 14 is approx. 33 mm in each case.
  • the bent carbon band 10 extends over an irradiation length of approximately 41 cm.
  • the actual length of the carbon ribbon 10 in the extended form is approximately 64 cm.
  • the corrugated carbon band 10 - in comparison to an embodiment of the carbon band stretched along the longitudinal axis 11 - enables a surface that is approximately 1.5 times larger within the irradiation length and accordingly a higher radiation power by the same factor.

Landscapes

  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
EP00104297A 1999-03-19 2000-03-02 Radiateur infrarouge et procédé de chauffage de produits à traiter Expired - Lifetime EP1039780B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19912544 1999-03-19
DE19912544A DE19912544B4 (de) 1999-03-19 1999-03-19 Infrarotstrahler und Verfahren zur Erwärmung eines Behandlungsgutes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1039780A1 true EP1039780A1 (fr) 2000-09-27
EP1039780B1 EP1039780B1 (fr) 2007-06-13

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EP00104297A Expired - Lifetime EP1039780B1 (fr) 1999-03-19 2000-03-02 Radiateur infrarouge et procédé de chauffage de produits à traiter

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US6534904B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1039780B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000299178A (fr)
AT (1) ATE364981T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19912544B4 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2763497A1 (fr) * 2013-02-04 2014-08-06 Krelus AG Élément chauffant pour dispositif de rayonnement infrarouge
CN114360985A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-04-15 上海航天控制技术研究所 一种空心阴极高温加热器

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KR100761286B1 (ko) * 2004-07-27 2007-09-27 엘지전자 주식회사 탄소 히터의 탄소 필라멘트 구조
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2763497A1 (fr) * 2013-02-04 2014-08-06 Krelus AG Élément chauffant pour dispositif de rayonnement infrarouge
CN114360985A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-04-15 上海航天控制技术研究所 一种空心阴极高温加热器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19912544A1 (de) 2000-09-28
ATE364981T1 (de) 2007-07-15
US20030076024A1 (en) 2003-04-24
DE50014397D1 (de) 2007-07-26
US6534904B1 (en) 2003-03-18
JP2000299178A (ja) 2000-10-24
US6765339B2 (en) 2004-07-20
DE19912544B4 (de) 2007-01-18
EP1039780B1 (fr) 2007-06-13

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