Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
  • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
  • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
  • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
  • B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
  • B05B1/3431—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves
  • B05B1/3436—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves the interface being a plane perpendicular to the outlet axis

Definitions

• the present invention relates to liquid spray nozzles, capable of being used in the most diverse applications such as for example spray pumps, vaporizers, nozzles for combustion burners, injectors of internal combustion engines.
• the invention applies more particularly to spray nozzles in which the liquid to be sprayed is brought into a central swirl chamber by lateral fluid intake channels tangentially injecting the liquid which then leaves the central swirl chamber by a coaxial output passage.
• Spray nozzles with a central vortex chamber generally ensure good spraying of the liquid.
• nozzles are usually made of metal, by traditional machining methods, and most often comprise a hollow nozzle body, with a peripheral external wall of longitudinal axis, and with a radial front external wall provided with an axial hole. outlet for the flow of the fluid outlet flow.
• the central swirl chamber is limited by a peripheral wall of revolution with a longitudinal axis, by a front wall with an outlet coaxial passage, and by a rear wall.
• the front wall with coaxial outlet passage is formed by said radial front external wall, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
• At least one lateral fluid intake channel is provided in the peripheral wall, open in the central swirl chamber, and shaped for the flow of the fluid inlet flow and for tangentially injecting the fluid into the central swirl chamber .
• the spray nozzles produce an outlet flow in the form of liquid sprayed into fine droplets, the flow being generally conical along the longitudinal axis, and the droplets being distributed in the cone in a random manner.
• the main parameters of the outlet flow namely the size of the droplets, the value of the outlet angle, and the distribution spectrum of the droplets in the cone.
• the dispersions of the liquid outlet flow parameters are due to a dispersion of the dimensions of the fluid inlet channels, and especially of the central vortex chamber. It is not economically conceivable to reduce these dimensional dispersions with the traditional manufacturing methods for machining metal parts constituting the known spray nozzles, as this would require high machining precision which is not economically feasible, especially in the case of smaller spray nozzles.
• This structure with an added front plate does not make it possible to produce spray nozzles economically and reproducible in series comprising a coaxial posterior recess extending backward in the posterior core the swirl chamber.
• a coaxial posterior recess may be of interest in particular for stabilizing the projection cone at the outlet of the nozzle.
• the problem proposed by the present invention is to design a new spray nozzle structure with a central vortex chamber which can be produced economically and precisely using highly precise techniques, so that the fluid inlet channels and the central swirl chamber are precisely and repeatedly sized, and so as to precisely center a posterior swirl chamber recess.
• the invention aims in particular to produce such spray nozzles of small dimensions, in which the fluid intake channels and the central swirl chamber are of reduced size, so that the necessary dimensional accuracies lead to absolute accuracies of 1 order of a few microns only.
• Another problem proposed by the invention is to avoid the risks of degradation of the spray nozzle in the event of the solidification of the fluid contained in the spray nozzle when cold.
• the invention provides a spray nozzle having: - a hollow nozzle body with a peripheral external wall of longitudinal axis and with a radial front external wall provided with an axial outlet hole ,
• a central swirl chamber limited by a peripheral wall of revolution with a longitudinal axis, by a front wall with an outlet coaxial passage smaller than the axial outlet hole, and by a rear wall,
• an anterior plate added in the hollow body of the nozzle and bearing against the radial anterior external wall, comprising posterior grooves and recesses forming the peripheral and anterior walls at least of the central swirl chamber, the coaxial outlet passage, and said at least one lateral fluid intake channel, - a posterior core adapted in the hollow body of the nozzle, with peripheral fluid supply channels, and with a front face pushing said at least one front plate attached towards said radial front external wall of the hollow nozzle body, and in which:
• the posterior core comprises a posterior core body, retained in the hollow body of the nozzle by fixing means, and a posterior plate held by the posterior core body in axial support against the anterior plate to form the posterior wall of the central chamber to swirl and to limit said rear at least one fluid intake channel,
• the front and rear plates are provided with relative centering means ensuring the relative centering of the plates relative to one another around the longitudinal axis
• - the rear plate comprises, along the longitudinal axis, a posterior recess with a smaller cross section than the central swirl chamber
• At least one of the front and rear plates is mounted with a radial clearance in the hollow body of the nozzle.
• the relative centering means of the wafers are produced on their respective front end faces.
• the relative centering means of the plates comprise a posterior peripheral rib of the anterior plate in which the periphery of the posterior plate engages.
• FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of the front area of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3 is a rear view of the rear face of a front plate according to the embodiment of Figure 2;
• FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the rear face of the front plate of Figure 3;
• - Figure 5 is a partial side view in longitudinal section on a large scale of a spray nozzle according to a second embodiment of one invention;
• FIG. 6 is a partial side view in longitudinal section on a large scale of a spray nozzle according to a third embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 7 is a rear view of the rear face of a front plate according to the embodiment of Figure 6;
• FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the rear face of the front plate of FIG. 7.
• a spray nozzle according to the present invention comprises a hollow nozzle body 1, for example a cylindrical hollow body, limited by a peripheral external wall 2 of longitudinal axis II and of revolution, and closed by a radial front external wall 3 provided with an axial outlet hole 4.
• a posterior core 5 is fitted in the hollow body of nozzle 1, with peripheral channels 6 and 7 for supplying fluid to one or more anterior peripheral cavities 8, 8a and 8b.
• the rear core 5 is attached to the hollow nozzle body 1, while the radial front wall 3 is in one piece with the peripheral external wall 2.
• the spray nozzle according to the invention further comprises a central swirl chamber 9, bounded by a peripheral wall 10 of revolution of longitudinal axis II, by a front wall 11 with coaxial outlet passage 12 to conduct the outlet flow from fluid, and by a rear wall 13.
• the central swirl chamber 9 is connected to the anterior peripheral cavity or cavities 8, 8a and 8b by at least one lateral fluid intake channel 14, open in the central swirl chamber 9 , and shaped to conduct the fluid inlet flow and to tangentially inject the fluid into the central swirl chamber 9, for example in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis II.
• the axial outlet hole 4 of the radial anterior outer wall 3 is oversized, that is to say that the coaxial outlet passage 12 of the spray nozzle is smaller than the axial outlet hole 4.
• the peripheral 10 and anterior 11 walls of the central swirl chamber 9, the coaxial outlet passage 12 and said at least one lateral fluid intake channel 14 are formed by grooves and recesses made with precision in a front plate 15 added in the hollow body of nozzle 1.
• the attached front plate 15 bears against the rear face of the radial front external wall 3 of the hollow body of nozzle 1, and is pierced with an axial hole constituting the coaxial outlet passage 12.
• the front plate 15 is provided with grooves posterior forming said at least one lateral fluid intake channel 14, and is provided with an axial posterior recess constituting the central swirl chamber 9.
• the front plate 15 is shaped to produce a plurality of lateral intake channels, provided for example with three posterior grooves 14, 14a and 14b constituting three lateral intake channels regularly distributed around the periphery of the central swirl chamber 9, and constituting the three anterior peripheral cavities 8, 8a and 8b.
• the posterior core 5 limits, by its anterior face 16, said at least one lateral fluid intake channel 14 and said central swirl chamber 9.
• the anterior face 16 of the posterior core 5 comprises an axial posterior recess 17, facing the coaxial outlet passage 12, extending rearward the central swirl chamber 9 by having a smaller cross section than the swirl chamber 9.
• the centering of the front plate 15 in the hollow nozzle body 1 is ensured by the periphery of the front plate 15 which engages with little or no play in the cylindrical bore limited by the peripheral external wall 2 of the hollow nozzle body 1.
• the front plate 15 may comprise, on its front face, a coaxial circular rib forming a lip surrounding the coaxial outlet passage 12, said rib being engaged substantially without play in the axial outlet hole 4 of the radial anterior external wall. 3 of the hollow body of nozzle 1 to ensure its centering.
• the front plate 15 is pressed between the radial front external wall 3 and the rear core 5, which is itself held in the hollow body of nozzle 1 by fixing means, for example by screwing in a threaded section 100 of the hollow body 1 represented in FIG. 1.
• the posterior core 5 comprises a posterior core body 5a, retained in the hollow nozzle body 1 by the previously mentioned fixing means, and a rear plate 5b held by the rear core body 5a in abutment against the anterior plate 15.
• the rear plate 5b forms the rear wall 13 of the central swirl chamber 9 and limits said at least one lateral channel towards the rear fluid intake 14.
• the rear plate 5b comprises, along the longitudinal axis, an axial hole constituting said rear hollow 17 with a cross section smaller than the chamber central swirl 9, extending said central swirl chamber 9 backwards.
• the front plates 15 and rear plates 5b are provided with relative centering means to ensure their relative centering with respect to each other.
• Such relative centering means can consist of male - female engagement means formed in respective positions on the two pads. Insofar as the wafers can be produced by precise manufacturing means, it is important that the centering means are also provided on the wafers themselves.
• At least one of the front 15 and rear 5b plates is mounted with a radial clearance in the hollow nozzle body, for example the peripheral radial clearance 24 around the rear plate 5b.
• a radial clearance in the hollow nozzle body for example the peripheral radial clearance 24 around the rear plate 5b.
• the relative centering means of the plates 15 and 5b comprise a rear peripheral rib 20 of the front plate 15 in which engages at least partially the periphery 21 of the rear plate 5b.
• the two plates 15 and 5b are pressed axially one and the other between the radial anterior outer wall 3 and the posterior core body 5a.
• the front plate 15 is centered in the hollow body of nozzle 1 by its periphery engaging with little or no play in the cylindrical bore limited by the peripheral external wall 2. As an alternative, centering could be ensured by the periphery of the rear plate 5b engaged in the peripheral external wall 2.
• the fluid supply channels are produced by grooves provided not on the front plate 15, but on the rear plate 5b, or on the two plates 15 and 5b.
• the structure of the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 is found substantially. The difference lies in the means of relative centering of the plates 15 and 5b.
• the relative centering means are produced on the respective front faces of the plates 15 and 5b, for example protuberances 22 provided on the front front face of the rear plate 5b and engaging in corresponding recesses 23 of the front plate 15, or vice versa.
• the front plate 15 is then devoid of peripheral rib in which is embedded the periphery of the rear plate 5b.
• FIGS. 2 to 5 constitute a one-stage fluid supply system, that is to say the lateral fluid intake channels of which direct the fluid from the peripheral anterior cavity 8 to the swirl chamber 9.
• three fluid inlet channels 14, 14a and 14b are provided connecting the central swirl chamber 9 to a first common intermediate coaxial annular chamber 18, itself connected to a second common intermediate coaxial annular chamber 25 by three intermediate channels 19, 19a and 19b tangentially injecting the fluid into the first common coaxial annular chamber 18 so as to rotate the fluid in the opposite direction of its rotation in the central swirl chamber
• the second common intermediate coaxial annular chamber 25 is itself connected to peripheral anterior cavities 8, 8a and 8b and to the peripheral fluid supply channels 6 and 7 by three intermediate channels 26, 26a and 26b tangentially injecting the fluid in the second common coaxial annular chamber 25 so as to rotate it in the direction of its rotation in the central vortex chamber 9.
• an elastic element can be provided engaged between the rear plate 5b and the rear core body 5a, to allow reversible expansion under stress of said at least one lateral channel. fluid intake 14 and said central swirl chamber 9.
• the coaxial outlet passage 12 can advantageously be a cone section whose half-angle at the top is between 0 ° and 3 °, and converges towards the outlet.
• the nozzle according to the invention with plates 15 and 5b attached between a hollow body of nozzle 1 and a posterior body of core 5a, it is possible to separate the production of the external parts (hollow body of nozzle 1 and body posterior core 5a) ensuring the mechanical strength of the nozzle, and the internal parts (front plate 15 and rear plate 5b) defining the dimensions of the fluid inlet channels such as the channel 14, of the central swirl chamber 9, of the coaxial outlet passage 12 and of the axial posterior hollow 17.
• the anterior plate 15 and the posterior plate 5b in a material different from that constituting the external parts 1 and 5, and according to different manufacturing methods, allowing great precision in the production of the central swirl chamber 9, of the coaxial outlet passage 12, and of the fluid intake channels such as channel 14. It is thus possible to economically produce fluid intake channels such as channel 14, and a central swirl chamber 9 with coaxial outlet passage 12 and with posterior axial recess 17 whose dimensions are very precise, ensuring satisfactory reproducibility of the characteristics of the sprayed fluid jet.

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• Nozzles (AREA)
• Fertilizing (AREA)
• Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 1997
  • 1997-12-24 FR FR9716749A patent/FR2772645B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1998
  • 1998-12-22 US US09/582,367 patent/US6241165B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1998-12-22 AT AT98959102T patent/ATE251498T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1998-12-22 DE DE69818864T patent/DE69818864D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-12-22 EP EP98959102A patent/EP1042073B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-12-22 WO PCT/IB1998/002104 patent/WO1999033573A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1998-12-22 AU AU15018/99A patent/AU1501899A/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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