EP1042773B1 - Hybrides leistungsrelais - Google Patents

Hybrides leistungsrelais Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1042773B1
EP1042773B1 EP98963611A EP98963611A EP1042773B1 EP 1042773 B1 EP1042773 B1 EP 1042773B1 EP 98963611 A EP98963611 A EP 98963611A EP 98963611 A EP98963611 A EP 98963611A EP 1042773 B1 EP1042773 B1 EP 1042773B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
contact
voltage
hybrid
signal
circuit
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EP98963611A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1042773A1 (de
Inventor
Gérard Thomson-CSF Prop. Intell. Blain
Luc Thomson-CSF Prop. Intell. Raffestin
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Crouzet Automatismes SAS
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Crouzet Automatismes SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H01H2009/544—Contacts shunted by static switch means the static switching means being an insulated gate bipolar transistor, e.g. IGBT, Darlington configuration of FET and bipolar transistor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H01H2009/545—Contacts shunted by static switch means comprising a parallel semiconductor switch being fired optically, e.g. using a photocoupler
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/56—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the AC cycle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the hybrid power relays used to open or close electrical circuits.
  • Relays are designed to support circuit current in which they are inserted and cut the circuit electric under load, i.e. when the circuit is traversed by a Electric power.
  • Electromechanical type relays have one or more electrical contacts with mechanical displacement, coupled to an element mobile of the magnetic circuit of an electromagnet.
  • the command of the electromagnet is carried out by the supply of its coil producing a induction flux in the magnetic circuit causing the displacement of the movable element and the closing or opening of the electrical contacts of the relay.
  • Static relays unlike electromechanical relays do not use moving mechanical elements but semiconductor components capable of opening or closing a circuit in which they are inserted.
  • Solid state relays use semiconductor components such as triacs, thyristors, transistors, the MOS-thyristors known by the English name of “Insulated Gate Controlled Thyristor” or “IGCT”, the transistors bipolar with isolated grid known under the English name of ⁇ lnsulated Gate Bipolar Transistor "or" IGBT ", the thyristors MOS command known by the English name of "MOS Controlled Thyristor ”or“ MCT ”.
  • These types of semiconductor components have two power inputs intended to be connected to an electrical circuit and a control input putting the semiconductor component, when is inserted into the electrical circuit by its two power inputs, i.e. in a blocked state, or in a state passing between these two inputs of power. In the blocked state, all the voltage of the electrical circuit is applied to the power inputs of the semiconductor component and in the state passing the semiconductor is crossed by the circuit current in which it is inserted.
  • the static relays nevertheless have a disadvantage by compared to electromechanical relays. Indeed, in the passing state (or saturated), the semiconductor component presents between its inputs power, at current flow, a residual saturation voltage producing heat energy dissipation in the semiconductor component and a rise in its temperature. For example in a triac, this residual saturation voltage is of the order of 1.5 volts. Thereby, static power relays must be used in conjunction with thermal radiators to evacuate the heat energy dissipated by the semiconductor component and thus assure them a lifetime sufficient.
  • hybrid relay In another type of relay commonly called hybrid relay, the semiconductor component is connected in parallel with the contact electric with mechanical displacement of the electromechanical relay.
  • the control of the hybrid relay simultaneously causes the reset passing from the semiconductor component which absorbs the switching arc and closing of the relay contact which short-circuits the semiconductor component.
  • the contact having a very low resistance, the current of the electrical circuit goes through the contact and not through the semiconductor component which is defused thus avoiding its heating.
  • this solution has drawbacks.
  • Document FR-A-2 525 386 describes the conduction of the semiconductor component before the contact is closed or opened. It uses a thyristor or a triac, the control signal is conventionally a very brief ignition pulse which has no reason to end after the closing or opening of the mechanical contact.
  • the hybrid relay relay according to the invention can operate with any power component, namely, triacs, thyristors, but also transistors, IGBTs, IGCTs, MCTs.
  • the hybrid power relay is designed to generate, at from the first relay control signal, the closing signal of the contact and the first component conduction signal, independently of each other, which allows for setting up conduction of the semiconductor component either simultaneously with the contact closing signal, i.e. before the closing signal of the contact. It is the same when opening the contact.
  • An advantage arising from this feature is that the reaction time of the contact mechanical during the appearance, either of the closing signal or of the signal opening, does not intervene. Indeed in the case of a relay having a fast response time, conduction of the semiconductor component can be triggered when the contact closes, before this closing and opening of the contact, before this opening, which ensures sufficient time for the establishment of the current in the semiconductor and thus carry out either the opening or the closing of the contact with a substantially zero current.
  • the signal conduction of the semiconductor component may be emitted simultaneously with either the closing signal or the opening signal of the relay contact.
  • the hybrid power relay according to the invention provides a synchronized switching between the electrical displacement contact mechanical and the semiconductor component in parallel with the contact. This synchronization eliminates almost all of the electric arc that can occur when the electrical contact is opened or closed. Indeed the opening or closing of the contact is only carried out when the semiconductor component is ordered in the on state.
  • the hybrid power relay according to the invention comprises the advantage of making it unnecessary to use a radiator for the component semiconductor, which reduces the cost and size of the hybrid relay.
  • Another advantage of stopping the first activation signal conduction of the semiconductor component resulting in its state blocked, after closing the contact, lies in forcing the passage of current from the electrical circuit through the contact, which ensures cleaning the contact by destroying particles of carbonized material due to coal mining.
  • a hybrid power relay 10 has two terminals A and B intended to be inserted into an EC electrical circuit. The opening or closing of the hybrid relay is effected by an ER command input hybrid relay 10.
  • Control means include a control circuit 40 having the ER control input of the hybrid relay, a first output X1 attacking the EC control input of the semiconductor component 30 and a second output X2 supplying the coil 22.
  • the hybrid power relay 10 may further include a protection 50 connected between terminals A and B to protect the relay hybrid of any overvoltages that may appear on the network electric CE.
  • the semiconductor component 30 can be chosen from triacs, thyristors, transistors, IGBTs, IGCTs, MCTs and maybe associated with one or more semiconductor components of the same type so ensure the functionality of the hybrid power relay according to the type of electrical circuit in which the hybrid relay is inserted.
  • two thyristors mounted in parallel head to tail will be used in an alternating current circuit.
  • the hybrid power relay according to the invention has the advantage ensure synchronization of the displacement contact control mechanical and semiconductor component taking into account imperatives linked to the electrical circuit or to the loads connected to the electrical circuit.
  • the control means are configured to ensure switching of the hybrid relay when passing through a value close to 0 volts of the electrical circuit voltage.
  • FIG. 2 represents an electrical diagram of a hybrid relay 60 of power, according to the invention using a triac in parallel with the contact to mechanical displacement and comprising control means using a microcontroller.
  • the microcontroller has the advantage of integrating into the relay hybrid a certain intelligence allowing to take into account many parameters related to the characteristics of the hybrid relay, and those of the circuit in which the hybrid relay is inserted.
  • the hybrid relay 60 is inserted in an alternating current electrical circuit comprising two channels a first channel V1 and a second channel V2 under a voltage Ue between these tract.
  • Channels V1 and V2 supply loads not shown on the figure 2.
  • Hybrid relay 60 is inserted in the first channel V1 respectively by a first input terminal SA on the source side of voltage Ue and by a first output terminal AC on the load side, and in the second channel V2 respectively by a second input terminal SB on the side of the voltage source Ue and by a second output terminal CB on the load side.
  • the hybrid relay 60 has a displacement contact 70 mechanical in parallel with a triac 80, the assembly consisting of the contact 70 in parallel with the triac 80 being inserted in the first channel V1 between the first SA input terminal and the first CA output terminal, all ensuring the opening or closing of the first channel V1.
  • the second way V2 continuously crosses the hybrid relay, between the second terminal input SB and the second output terminal CB.
  • the control means of the hybrid relay are supplied from of the voltage Ue of the electrical circuit in which the hybrid relay is inserted by a supply circuit 90 and a regulation circuit 92.
  • the supply circuit 90 is connected between the channels V1 and V2 of the electrical circuit under voltage Ue supplying from voltage Ue and to through a capacity C1, the energy required to supply the means of the hybrid relay.
  • One side of the supply circuit 90 being connected to the first SA input terminal and the other side to the second terminal SB input.
  • the supply circuit 90 provides according to a known diagram, a substantially constant DC supply voltage VL between a first line L1 and a second line L2.
  • the second L2 line will be considered to be at a reference Vo potential.
  • the circuit of regulation 92 is connected between the first line L1 and the second line L2 under the supply voltage VL and provides on a third line L3, a regulated voltage VC with respect to the second line L2 at the potential Vo of reference.
  • the voltage VC ensures the supply of a microcontroller 100 of control means of the hybrid relay.
  • the hybrid relay 60 has a control input having two GN and IN control terminals to which a voltage is applied, the level is used to establish the control signals on input E1 of the microcontroller. Between the GN and IN terminals is connected a resistor R15 in series with a photodiode D5 optically coupled to a phototransistor Q5 of a first photocoupler U1.
  • the first photocoupler U1 provides galvanic isolation between the input of control of the hybrid relay and its elements under the circuit voltage Ue electric.
  • the phototransistor Q5 is connected by its collector to the third line L3 at the regulated voltage VC, and by its transmitter, on the one hand by via a resistor R14 at the second line L2 at potential Vo reference, and secondly to the first logic input E1 of the microcontroller 100, this first logic input E1 receiving the information for opening or closing the hybrid relay.
  • a control voltage Tc applied between the two terminals GN and IN control of the hybrid relay produces a current lc in the photodiode D5 sufficient to switch it on and saturate the phototransistor Q5.
  • the saturation of the phototransistor Q5 makes pass its transmitter and the first logic input E1 of the reference potential Vo microcontroller, at the regulated potential VC, corresponding to a logical change of state of the first entry E1 which goes from state 0 to state 1.
  • This change of state of the first input E1 is taken into account by the microcontroller which triggers a closing sequence of the hybrid relay 60.
  • a second photocoupler U2 forming part of the detection circuit 102 ensures the generation of logic level IP pulses applied to the second logic input E2 of the microcontroller 100. These pulses of logic level allow the microcontroller to determine on the one hand, the change of polarity of the voltage Ue of the electrical circuit (passage through a voltage Ue close to 0 volts) and on the other hand the state of the assembly formed by contact 70 in parallel with triac 80.
  • the photocoupler U2 comprises the pair of photodiodes D6 and D7 mounted in parallel head to tail optically coupled to phototransistor Q6, one side of the pair of photodiodes being connected to through a C6 capacity on the first V1 track, on the side of the first AC output terminal of the hybrid relay, the other side of the pair being connected through a resistor R17 at the first channel V1 on the side of the first SA input terminal of the hybrid relay.
  • a voltage V appearing at terminals of the assembly constituted by the contact 70 in parallel with the triac 80 is applied to the detection circuit 102.
  • the phototransistor Q6 is controlled on the one hand by one of the photodiodes of the pair of photodiodes D6 and D7, during one of the two alternations of voltage V and on the other hand by the other photodiode of said pair D6 and D7, during the other alternation of voltage V.
  • the phototransistor Q6 is connected by its collector to the third line L3 under regulated voltage VC, and by its transmitter, on the one hand to the second line L2 at the reference potential Vo via a resistor R16, and on the other hand to the second logic input E2 of the microcontroller 100.
  • the voltage applied to the second input E2 is substantially equal to the regulated voltage VC (state 1) and when the phototransistor Q6 is blocked, it is substantially equal to the reference potential Vo (state 0).
  • the voltage V is substantially equal to the voltage Ue of the electrical circuit, producing a current Id in the circuit of detection 102.
  • Current Id turns on photodiodes D6 and D7 respectively during one and the other alternation of the voltage V except for a short period of time corresponding to passing through a maximum voltage Vm. Indeed the current in the capacitor C6 becomes zero when the derivative of the voltage V goes through 0, that is to say when the voltage V stops growing through a maximum voltage Vm to decrease.
  • the two photodiodes D6 and D7 are extinguished and phototransistor Q6 is blocked producing a pulse lm on the second logic input E2 of the microcontroller whose voltage passes from a voltage substantially equal to the regulated voltage VC at a voltage close to the reference potential Vo, for return to regulated voltage VC and this at each half-cycle as long as the relay hybrid is open.
  • the microcontroller 100 calculates from time to, from time tm at which produces the last pulse Im, and of period T of the voltage Ue of electrical circuit, the time required to wait for the the saturated state of the triac 80, at a time when the voltage Ue is close to 0 volts, thus avoiding the appearance of steep switching fronts in the electrical circuit.
  • the hybrid relay is used in an electrical circuit of voltage Ue alternative to the frequency of 50 Hertz.
  • the alternation period T is in this 20 millisecond example.
  • FIG. 3a shows the voltage Ue applied to the input terminals SA and SB of the relay between the two channels V1 and V2, in function of time t and around a value close to 0 volts, when change of polarity of the voltage Ue
  • FIG. 3b shows the voltage V across the terminals of the assembly constituted by the contact 70 in parallel with the triac 80, inserted in the first channel V1, between the first SA input terminal and the first SB output terminal.
  • the microcontroller 100 is programmed, in this embodiment of the hybrid relay 60, to control the passage of the triac 80 to the on state, when closing the hybrid relay, only when the voltage Ue of the electrical circuit goes through a level close to 0 volts. Let t1 the instant at which the first passage through 0 volts of the voltage Ue takes place (see Figure 3a), after the instant to order the closure of the relay.
  • the microcontroller 100 passes the first output S1 logic from state 0 to state 1 (see figure 3d) and the second logic output S2 from state 0 to state 1 (see figure 3e).
  • the first follower transistor Q3 saturates putting the input 110 of the current generator 112 at the reference potential Vo passing through output 114 of the current generator, a current Ig in the trigger of the triac 80.
  • the second logic output S2 passing to state 1 applies a high logic level potential through the basic resistance R8, at the base of the second follower transistor Q4 which saturates, passing a current Ib in the coil 72, the supply terminals 118 and 120 of the coil being connected respectively to the supply voltage VL and to the reference potential Vo.
  • the diagram in figure 3e represents the state of the second output S2 logic as well as the state of the coil 72 power supply.
  • the current Ib in the coil 72 is substantially zero, corresponding to a state 0 on the diagram of FIG. 3e and at time t1, the current lb crosses the coil 70, corresponding to a state 1.
  • the coil 72 being supplied, produces the closure of the contact 70 after a delay ⁇ 1, corresponding to a response time on closing the contact 70.
  • this delay ⁇ 1 is of the order of 5 ms for the relays of series.
  • the contact is closed at time t2 equal t1 + ⁇ 1.
  • the closure of contact 70 at time t2 is represented by diagram of FIG. 3g in which an open contact corresponds to a state 0 and a contact closed at state 1.
  • Microcontroller maintains trigger current control Ig thyristor (first logic output S1 at state 1) for a delay of security (a few milliseconds) up to a time t3 at which the first logic output S1 goes from state 1 to state 0 interrupting the current lg of trigger of the triac 80 and thus preventing any priming of the triac 80, in the event of a permanent voltage appearing between its terminals as for example a residual voltage due to the smearing of contact 70.
  • trigger current control Ig thyristor first logic output S1 at state 1
  • a delay of security a few milliseconds
  • the triac 80 activation command was carried out for the first time starting before the closure of the contact 70, at time t1 and ending after its closing, or time t3.
  • the diagram in Figure 3b shows the variations in voltage V across the triac 80 in parallel with the contact 72, during this first closing phase of the hybrid relay 60.
  • the microcontroller 100 passes the first output at time t4 logic S1 in state 1 which causes the application by the current generator 112 from the current Ig to the trigger of the triac 80.
  • the triac 80 remains defused by the fact that it is short-circuited by the contact 70 still closed.
  • the microcontroller 100 switches the second logic output S2 at state 0 interrupting the supply of the coil 72 and after a delay ⁇ 2 linked to the response time at the opening of contact 70, around 10 ms for a serial relay, the latter opens at time t5 equal at t4 + ⁇ 2, initiating the triac 80 in the on state. (Figure 3f).
  • the current in the first channel V1 passes at time t5 through the triac 80 primed, removing almost all of the arc at the terminals of contact 70.
  • the microcontroller maintains control of the trigger current lg triac 80 (first output S1 in state 1) during a new delay of security (a few milliseconds) up to a time t6 at which the first logic output S1 goes from state 1 to state 0 interrupting the current Ig of trigger of the triac 80.
  • the triac 80 is defused by the approximately 0 volts of the voltage V across its terminals.
  • the triac 80 remains thereafter in the blocked state, no longer controlled and putting the relay hybrid in the open state as it was before time t0.
  • the triac 80 activation command was carried out for a second period of time starting before the contact opens 70, or time t4 and ending after are opening or time t6.
  • the diagram in Figure 3b shows the voltage V across the triac during this second phase of opening the hybrid relay 60.
  • the contact 70 short-circuits the triac 80 the voltage V is equal to the residual voltage u2 of the contact 70.
  • the voltage V is equal to the residual voltage u1 aux terminals of the triac is approximately 1.5 volts.
  • the voltage V is substantially equal to the voltage Ue of the electrical circuit.
  • the microcontroller 100 provides, using the detection circuit 102, a additional safety functionality of the hybrid relay.
  • the microcontroller considers this impulse and makes change the first logic output S1 to state 1 for a short time time during which the contact is open, applying during this same short instant the current Ig in the trigger of the triac 80 and the setting to the state passing from the triac, which has the advantage of eliminating the arc occurring on contact 70.
  • This additional security ensures better reliability and longer relay life when used in a disturbed environment.
  • the hybrid power relay 60 is equipped with diodes light-emitting indicating its state.
  • the light-emitting diode D8 (green) indicates when it is lit, closing of the hybrid relay.
  • a red light-emitting diode D10 controlled by a third logic output S3 of microcontroller 100 indicates a abnormal operation of the hybrid relay, operating information abnormal is transmitted outside the relay by an OUT control terminal galvanically isolated from the live elements Ue of the hybrid relay by a third photocoupler U3.
  • the realization of the hybrid power relay 60 is not limiting and other simpler versions can be produced, using for example exclusively discrete components or wired logic, a microcontroller system allowing to take into account many parameters related to the hybrid relay or the type of electrical circuit in which it is inserted.
  • the displacement contact mechanical and the coil are contained in a waterproof case filled with a liquid with high dielectric power.
  • the contact and the coil immersed in the liquid has the advantage of reducing the acoustic switching noise, considerably increase the number of maneuvers in charge of hybrid relay passing on average from 100,000 to 10 million operations and increase the performance of the relay in terms of breaking capacity.

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  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Leistungs-Hybridrelais, das dazu bestimmt ist, in eine elektrische Schaltung eingesetzt zu werden, wobei das Hybridrelais einen elektrischen Kontakt (20, 70) mit mechanischer Verstellung, eine Halbleiterkomponente (30, 80) parallel zum elektrischen Kontakt mit mechanischer Verstellung, Mittel zum Steuern einerseits des Schließens des Kontakts und des Durchschaltens der Halbleiterkomponente als Antwort auf ein erstes Steuersignal und andererseits des Öffnens des Kontakts und des Durchschaltens der Halbleiterkomponente als Antwort auf ein zweites Steuersignal umfaßt, wobei die Steuermittel Mittel umfassen, um:
    anhand des ersten Steuersignals ein Kontaktschließsignal zu erzeugen;
    anhand des ersten Steuersignals unabhängig vom Schließsignal ein erstes Durchschaltsignal für die Komponente zu erzeugen, das vor dem Schließen des Kontakts beginnt und nach diesem Schließen endet;
    anhand des zweiten Steuersignals ein Kontaktöffnungssignal zu erzeugen;
    anhand des zweiten Steuersignals unabhängig vom Öffnungssignal ein zweites Durchschaltsignal für die Komponente zu erzeugen, das vor dem Öffnen des Kontakts beginnt und nach diesem Öffnen endet.
  2. Leistungs-Hybridrelais nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das erste Signal zum Durchschalten der Komponente gleichzeitig mit dem Schließsignal gesendet wird.
  3. Leistungs-Hybridrelais nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das erste Signal zum Durchschalten der Komponente vor dem Schließsignal gesendet wird.
  4. Leistungs-Hybridrelais nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Halbleiterkomponente zwei Leistungseingänge (E1 und E2), die zum Kontakt (20) über diese beiden Leistungseingänge parallelgeschaltet sind, und einen Steuereingang (EC) für ihr Durchschalten umfaßt.
  5. Leistungs-Hybridrelais nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Öffnen oder das Schließen des Kontakts (30, 70) mit mechanischer Verstellung durch eine Spule (22, 72) bewirkt wird.
  6. Leistungs-Hybridrelais nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuermittel eine Steuerschaltung (40) umfassen, die einen Steuereingang (ER) für das Hybridrelais, einen ersten Ausgang (X1), der an den Steuereingang (EC) der Halbleiterkomponente angeschlossen ist, und einen zweiten Ausgang (X2), der die Spule (22) versorgt, besitzt.
  7. Leistungs-Hybridrelais nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Halbleiterkomponente (30, 80) aus Triacs, Thyristoren, Transistoren, IGBTs, IGCTs oder MCTs bestehen kann.
  8. Leistungs-Hybridrelais nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Halbleiterkomponente ein Triac (80) ist.
  9. Leistungs-Hybridrelais nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuermittel mit einer Spannung (Ue) der elektrischen Schaltung gespeist werden, in die das Hybridrelais (60) eingesetzt ist.
  10. Leistungs-Hybridrelais nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuermittel so konfiguriert sind, daß sie ein Umschalten des Hybridrelais zum Zeitpunkt des Durchgangs einer Spannung (Ue) der elektrischen Schaltung durch einen Wert in der Nähe von 0 Volt gewährleisten.
  11. Leistungs-Hybridrelais nach eine der Ansprüche 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Speisung der Steuermittel mit der Spannung (Ue) der elektrischen Schaltung, in die das Hybridrelais (60) eingesetzt ist, durch eine Speiseschaltung (90) und eine Regelschaltung (92) bewerkstelligt wird, wobei die Speiseschaltung (90) eine im wesentlichen konstante Versorgungsgleichspannung (VL) zwischen einer ersten Leitung (L1) und einer zweiten Leitung (L2) liefert, wobei die zweite Leitung (L2) als Referenzpotential (Vo) angesehen wird, und die Regelschaltung (92) zwischen die erste Leitung (L1) und die zweite Leitung (L2) geschaltet ist und auf einer dritten Leitung (L3) eine Spannung (Vc) liefert, die in bezug auf die als Referenzpotential dienende zweite Leitung (L2) eingestellt ist.
  12. Leistungs-Hybridrelais nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet; daß die Steuermittel umfassen:
    einen Mikrocontroller (100), der umfaßt:
    einen ersten Logikeingang (E1), der Informationen zum Steuern des Öffnens und Schließens des Hybridrelais empfängt;
    einen zweiten Logikeingang (E2), der Impulse (IP) von einer Erfassungsschaltung (102) empfängt, die an den Mikrocontroller (100) Informationen liefert, die die Bestimmung einerseits des Zustandes der Gesamtheit, die aus dem Triac (80) parallel zum Kontakt (70) gebildet ist, und andererseits des Durchgangs der Spannung (Ue) der elektrischen Schaltung durch einen Wert in der Nähe von 0 Volt ermöglichen, wobei die Erfassungsschaltung ein Paar Photodioden (D6, D7) enthält, die zueinander entgegengesetzt parallelgeschaltet und mit einem Phototransistor (Q6) optisch gekoppelt sind, wobei dieses Paar Photodioden mit einer Reihenschaltung des RC-Typs, die aus einem Widerstand (R17) und einer Kapazität (C6) gebildet ist, in Reihe geschaltet ist, wobei das Paar Photodioden und die RC-Schaltung zu der Gesamtheit aus dem Triac (80) und dem parallelgeschalteten Kontakt (70) parallelgeschaltet sind;
    einen ersten Logikausgang (S1), der an einen Eingang der Steuermittel für die Durchschaltung des Triac (80) angeschlossen ist, wobei diese Mittel einen ersten Folgertransistor (Q3) enthalten, der mit seiner Basis einerseits über einen Basiswiderstand (R7) an den ersten Logikausgang (S1) angeschlossen ist und andererseits über einen Widerstand (R4) an das Referenzpotential (Vo) angeschlossen ist, wobei der Emitter des ersten Folgertransistors (Q3) an das Referenzpotential (Vo) angeschlossen ist und der Kollektor an einen Eingang (110) eines Steuerstromgenerators (12) angeschlossen ist, wobei ein Ausgang (114) des Steuerstromgenerators (112) an das Gate (G) des Triac (80) angeschlossen ist, das auf dem Potential des ersten Weges (V1) auf seiten der Spannungsquelle (Ue) liegt;
    einen zweiten Logikausgang (S2), der an einen Eingang der Speisemittel einer Spule (72) angeschlossen ist, welche den Kontakt (70) mit mechanischer Verstellung betätigt, wobei diese Mittel einen zweiten Folgertransistor (Q4) enthalten, der mit seiner Basis einerseits über einen Basiswiderstand (R8) an den zweiten Logikausgang (S2) angeschlossen ist und andererseits über einen Widerstand (R6) an das Referenzpotential (Vo) angeschlossen ist, wobei der Emitter des zweiten Folgertransistors (Q4) an das Referenzpotential (Vo) angeschlossen ist und der Kollektor über eine Elektrolumineszenzdiode (8) an einen ersten Speiseanschluß (118) der Spule (72) angeschlossen ist, wobei ein zweiter Speiseanschluß (120) der Spule (72) an die erste Leitung (L1), die auf der Speisespannung (VL) liegt, angeschlossen ist.
  13. Leistungs-Hybridrelais nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es einen Steuereingang besitzt, der zwei Steueranschlüsse (GN, IN) besitzt, zwischen denen ein Widerstand (R15) in Reihe mit einer Photodiode (D5), die optisch mit einem Phototransistor (Q5) eines ersten Photokopplers (U1) gekoppelt ist, geschaltet ist, wobei der erste Photokoppler (U1) eine galvanische Trennung zwischen dem Steuereingang des Hybridrelais und dessen unter der Spannung (Ue) der elektrischen Schaltung stehenden Elementen gewährleistet, wobei der Phototransistor (Q5) über seinen Kollektor an die dritte Leitung (L3), die auf der eingestellten Spannung (Vc) liegt, angeschlossen ist und mit seinem Emitter einerseits über einen Widerstand (R14) an die zweite Leitung (L2), die auf dem Referenzpotential (Vo) liegt, angeschlossen ist und andererseits an den ersten Logikeingang (E1) des Mikrocontrollers (100) angeschlossen ist, wobei dieser erste Logikeingang (E1) Informationen zum Steuern des Öffnens oder Schließens des Hybridrelais empfängt.
  14. Leistungs-Hybridrelais nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der elektrische Kontakt (20, 70) mit mechanischer Verstellung und die Spule (22, 72) in einem dichten Gehäuse enthalten sind, das mit einer Flüssigkeit mit hoher Dielektrizität gefüllt ist.
EP98963611A 1997-12-23 1998-12-23 Hybrides leistungsrelais Revoked EP1042773B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9716344A FR2772975B1 (fr) 1997-12-23 1997-12-23 Relais hybride de puissance
FR9716344 1997-12-23
PCT/FR1998/002851 WO1999034382A1 (fr) 1997-12-23 1998-12-23 Relais hybride de puissance

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1042773A1 EP1042773A1 (de) 2000-10-11
EP1042773B1 true EP1042773B1 (de) 2002-03-20

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EP98963611A Revoked EP1042773B1 (de) 1997-12-23 1998-12-23 Hybrides leistungsrelais

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US (1) US6347024B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1042773B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE214840T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2316285A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69804353T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2772975B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1999034382A1 (de)

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JP2002158573A (ja) * 2000-11-17 2002-05-31 Yazaki Corp 負荷駆動装置及び負荷回路の駆動方法
NL1016791C2 (nl) * 2000-12-04 2002-06-05 Holec Holland Nv Hybride elektrische schakelinrichting.
US7342754B2 (en) * 2004-03-02 2008-03-11 Eaton Corporation Bypass circuit to prevent arcing in a switching device
ITMI20042146A1 (it) * 2004-11-09 2005-02-09 I A C E Di Cristina Adriano Dispositivo di commutazione per rele' elettrici
GB0703650D0 (en) * 2007-02-24 2007-04-04 Cable Man Products Ltd Switching means
US7961443B2 (en) 2007-04-06 2011-06-14 Watlow Electric Manufacturing Company Hybrid power relay using communications link
DE102007037768A1 (de) * 2007-08-10 2009-02-19 Diehl Ako Stiftung & Co. Kg Schaltvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Ansteuern eines Verbrauchers
US8089735B2 (en) * 2008-12-01 2012-01-03 Custom Sensors & Technologies, Inc. Hybrid power relay with thermal protection
US8619395B2 (en) 2010-03-12 2013-12-31 Arc Suppression Technologies, Llc Two terminal arc suppressor
JP5566240B2 (ja) * 2010-09-30 2014-08-06 株式会社キトー 電動巻上下装置用駆動回路の故障検出装置
TWI497860B (zh) * 2013-08-06 2015-08-21 Elifeconnection Co Ltd 多埠電源監控系統
WO2015031069A1 (en) 2013-08-26 2015-03-05 Micropac Industries, Inc. Power controller
DE102013114259A1 (de) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-18 Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Schaltvorrichtung zum Führen und Trennen von elektrischen Strömen
US9742185B2 (en) 2015-04-28 2017-08-22 General Electric Company DC circuit breaker and method of use
US11120959B2 (en) * 2018-08-15 2021-09-14 Tiko Energy Solutions Ag System and method for quick and low noise relay switching operation
JP7096778B2 (ja) * 2019-02-08 2022-07-06 株式会社Subaru スイッチシステム

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69804353T2 (de) 2002-10-31
CA2316285A1 (fr) 1999-07-08
FR2772975B1 (fr) 2003-01-31
ATE214840T1 (de) 2002-04-15
WO1999034382A1 (fr) 1999-07-08
US6347024B1 (en) 2002-02-12
EP1042773A1 (de) 2000-10-11
DE69804353D1 (de) 2002-04-25
FR2772975A1 (fr) 1999-06-25

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