EP1043409A2 - Matériau composite préparé par métallurgie des poudres - Google Patents

Matériau composite préparé par métallurgie des poudres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1043409A2
EP1043409A2 EP00107121A EP00107121A EP1043409A2 EP 1043409 A2 EP1043409 A2 EP 1043409A2 EP 00107121 A EP00107121 A EP 00107121A EP 00107121 A EP00107121 A EP 00107121A EP 1043409 A2 EP1043409 A2 EP 1043409A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composite material
matrix
material according
refractory
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00107121A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1043409A3 (fr
EP1043409B1 (fr
Inventor
Gerd Dipl.-Ing. Renner
Udo Dr. Dipl.-Chem. Siefken
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Renner Louis GmbH
Original Assignee
Renner Louis GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Renner Louis GmbH filed Critical Renner Louis GmbH
Publication of EP1043409A2 publication Critical patent/EP1043409A2/fr
Publication of EP1043409A3 publication Critical patent/EP1043409A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1043409B1 publication Critical patent/EP1043409B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps

Definitions

  • Tungsten-silver and molybdenum-silver composite metals have long been considered Contact materials that are exposed to high electrical loads, known. These sintered materials combine the erosion resistance of the high-melting refractory components W and Mo with the good electrical and thermal conductivity of the silver used as the matrix component.
  • Such contact materials are used in low-voltage power engineering standard as burn-off contacts in circuit breakers and as main contacts used in circuit breakers.
  • a disadvantage of the first method is that the residual porosity remains relatively high, the possibly requires further compression by re-pressing.
  • the degree of deformation by post-compression is relatively low. The consequence is one remaining finite residual porosity.
  • a material produced by extrusion has the opposite Single press technology also has the advantage that an endless profile is created, that also with the solder suitable for the connection technology during its Manufacturing can be plated.
  • This endless belt can then Switch manufacturers can be integrated directly into the production line.
  • the needed Contact pad is cut to length, fed to the carrier and, for example, by means of Resistance soldering connected.
  • a disadvantage of both forming processes is that the starting bolts that the Forming must be subjected to sufficient ductility. Otherwise can damage the press or rolling equipment during the forming process or occur on the profiles to be manufactured. With flat profiles Cracks and flaking occur on the edges. Workpieces that are too brittle can be no longer extrude at all even when warm. On all such errors are incompatible with high material quality.
  • DE-A-198 28 692 discloses a process for coarsening commercial SnO 2 powder from 0.6 ⁇ m to over 5 ⁇ m, so that it can be more easily reshaped in an Ag matrix as an AgSnO 2 composite by extrusion.
  • WAg's forming technology remains in the prior art or MoAg connected to a technically and economically not very interesting limited to high silver content.
  • A. Keil describes op. Cit. on p. 193 also an extrusion from WAg - Sinter blocks, which are produced by sintering powder mixtures below the Silver melting point have been produced, but sees the extrusion ability of the WAg with a tungsten content of ⁇ 30% by weight. Due to the high proportion of Ag in his opinion, can not yet be a stable and therefore brittle Form the W skeleton body. The sintered body maintains a sufficiently high one Ductility and remains extrudable.
  • JP-A-55 044558 discloses extruding a heat-resistant, electrical conductive material, consisting of copper oxide or silver oxide alloy in the form of particles and W or Mo in the form of particles that brought together be sintered and extruded.
  • the W or Mo surface is covered with Cu or Ag alloy. This is neither in production nor in application Teaching on composites that are suitable for electrical contact materials.
  • EP-A-0 806 489 relates to a method for producing a Copper and a transition metal-containing composite, which Process of sintering a compact made of copper and Particles containing transition metal in a reducing atmosphere comprises, wherein the transition metal is preferably made of tungsten and molybdenum is selected and the compact has sufficient chemically bound oxygen contains to improve the sintering of the compact. After completing the The resulting composite material can be sintered from the sintering furnace removed and without further processing in a variety of electrical applications are used, preferably in electronic components.
  • DE-A-1 106 965 relates to a process for the production of Moldings of high density made of silver composite material, preferably with a Sintered density of at least 95% and a secondary density of at least 99.8% of the compact density, characterized in that the pressed Shaped body is subjected to a presintering in a hydrogen atmosphere is dimensioned in terms of time and temperature so that the molded body remains gas permeable, and that the molded body then without re-pressing in vacuum for one hour to between 850 ° C and Melting point of the silver to be selected and heated is densely sintered and then pressed.
  • the publication gives nothing Notes on the particle size of the refractory component. Although molybdenum and Tungsten mentioned as added metals is only used in the examples the ductile metal nickel used in conjunction with silver.
  • the current state of the art shows that contact pieces from WAg and MoAg with the technically interesting Compositions W / Ag from 70% by weight W / 30% by weight Ag to 30% by weight W / 70% by weight Ag and MeAg from 70% by weight Mo / 30% by weight Ag to 30% by weight Mo / 70 wt .-% Ag can only be manufactured using the single press technique. High quality, i.e. dense, non-porous and therefore burn-resistant designs require a high, costly additional effort.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a contact material develop that is both inexpensive to manufacture and improved Material properties, i.e. a fine-grained, evenly distributed Refractory portion in the metal matrix with the lowest possible residual porosity shows. It a material is to be provided that meets the increasing requirements electrical switching capacity and service life (number of switching cycles) especially in low voltage technology.
  • the invention should include the full range of technically important compositions. Of the preferred interest is the composition W / Ag 40/60 wt .-% to W / Ag 60/40% by weight or MoAg 40/60% by weight to MoAg 60/40% by weight.
  • the material In its physical and technological values, the the materials manufactured in technology are superior and in handling and Costs offer the switch builder advantages when equipping the switchgear.
  • the invention is also based on the object of a method for To provide production of such a contact material by a high degree of forming the desired compression of the material with a Residual porosity ⁇ 0.5% guaranteed.
  • the invention thus relates to a powder metallurgy Composite material comprising a matrix of a metal with a Melting point of at most 1100 ° C and one contained in this matrix granular additive made from at least one refractory metal (refractory component), characterized in that the refractory component is an average Grain size of at most 2 microns, is evenly distributed in the matrix and the composite has a residual porosity of ⁇ 0.5%.
  • refractory component characterized in that the refractory component is an average Grain size of at most 2 microns, is evenly distributed in the matrix and the composite has a residual porosity of ⁇ 0.5%.
  • Another object of the invention is a method for producing a Composite material of the invention, which is characterized in that a Powdery mixture of at least one refractory metal with one average grain size of at most 2 ⁇ m and at least one Matrix metal with a melting point of at most 1100 ° C as well optionally pressed with the addition of a sintering aid and at a temperature is sintered above 600 ° C in the solid or liquid phase in such a way that a Sintering shrinkage of 10-50 vol .-% occurs, and the sintered body obtained one Forming is subjected such that the residual porosity is ⁇ 0.5%.
  • the invention relates to the use of a Composite material of the invention as an electrical contact material.
  • the Refractory metal powder must have a max. 2 ⁇ m, preferably 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m average grain size should be fine-grained.
  • a powdered sintering aid such as Ni, Co or Fe can be added.
  • the green compact obtained is sintered under protective gas at a temperature above 600 ° C in such a way that a sintering shrinkage (volume contraction) of at least 10% occurs.
  • the still porous sintered body thus obtained is heated inductively and by means of a suitable forming technology, such as extrusion (forward extrusion), rollers or forging, reduced to a suitable cross section.
  • a suitable forming technology such as extrusion (forward extrusion), rollers or forging
  • By Subsequent fine rolling and optional plating with braze will do the job Get dimensionally desired profile (preferably flat strips) and on a Coil wound up as an endless belt.
  • the residual porosity of the finished material is ⁇ 0.5%.
  • 60 parts by weight of fine Ag powder ⁇ 60 ⁇ m grain size become 40 Parts by weight of fine submicron tungsten metal powder mixed under protective gas and in a suitable manner (e.g. in a ball mill) under protective gas grind.
  • the powder mixture homogenized in this way becomes isostatic Round bars pressed and sintered at a temperature of 700 ° C.
  • the Sintering shrinkage was found to be 36% by volume.
  • the sintered bolt has a density of 12.0 g / cm 3 . This corresponds to a residual porosity of 7%.
  • the veins obtained are then fine-rolled to a thickness of 1 mm further processed or directly after extrusion with a suitable one Ag hard solder is roll-plated and then finish-rolled to the final thickness.
  • the distribution of the W in the Ag matrix is very even.
  • the material is practically non-porous. Despite being extreme through extrusion and rolling Elongation in one axis shows the longitudinal grinding only a small line Texture. In other words, the material has no preferred direction in the Arrangement of the W grains in the Ag matrix. It is about the 3 spatial directions practically isotropic, i.e. the distribution is optimal.
  • Example 2 In a manner similar to that in Example 1, 50 parts by weight of fine Ag powder ⁇ 60 ⁇ m grain size are mixed with 50 parts by weight of submicron tungsten metal powder, ground and pressed into round bars. The green compact obtained is in turn sintered at a temperature of 700 ° C. in such a way that the sintering shrinkage is 38.7% by volume. 4% by weight of Ni was added as a sintering aid.
  • the sintered bolt has a density of 12.7 g / cm 3 . This corresponds to a residual porosity of 8%.
  • the 5 x 1 mm cross-section obtained has the following chemical and physical properties.
  • typical values according to the prior art AgW 50/50 wt .-%, single press technology, sintered in the liquid phase.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
EP00107121A 1999-04-09 2000-04-07 Matériau composite préparé par métallurgie des poudres Expired - Lifetime EP1043409B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19916082A DE19916082C2 (de) 1999-04-09 1999-04-09 Pulvermetallurgisch hergestellter Verbundwerkstoff, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung
DE19916082 1999-04-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1043409A2 true EP1043409A2 (fr) 2000-10-11
EP1043409A3 EP1043409A3 (fr) 2003-12-17
EP1043409B1 EP1043409B1 (fr) 2008-06-18

Family

ID=7904042

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00107121A Expired - Lifetime EP1043409B1 (fr) 1999-04-09 2000-04-07 Matériau composite préparé par métallurgie des poudres

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6312495B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1043409B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000319734A (fr)
DE (2) DE19916082C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2307476T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7192551B2 (en) * 2002-07-25 2007-03-20 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Inductive heating process control of continuous cast metallic sheets
US20060086441A1 (en) * 2004-10-27 2006-04-27 University Of Cincinnati Particle reinforced noble metal matrix composite and method of making same
US9694562B2 (en) * 2010-03-12 2017-07-04 Xtalic Corporation Coated articles and methods
US20110220511A1 (en) * 2010-03-12 2011-09-15 Xtalic Corporation Electrodeposition baths and systems
RU2434962C1 (ru) * 2010-05-27 2011-11-27 Юрий Петрович Москвичев Композиционный конструкционный материал

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1106965B (de) * 1957-02-12 1961-05-18 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung dicht gesinterter Formkoerper aus Silberverbundwerkstoff
US3685134A (en) * 1970-05-15 1972-08-22 Mallory & Co Inc P R Method of making electrical contact materials
US3992199A (en) * 1973-12-03 1976-11-16 P. R. Mallory & Co., Inc. Method of making electrical contact materials
JPS6032699B2 (ja) * 1978-09-27 1985-07-30 住友電気工業株式会社 耐熱導電材料並びにその製造方法
US4249944A (en) * 1979-04-09 1981-02-10 Fansteel Inc. Method of making electrical contact material
US4810289A (en) * 1988-04-04 1989-03-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Hot isostatic pressing of high performance electrical components
US5413751A (en) * 1993-04-14 1995-05-09 Frank J. Polese Method for making heat-dissipating elements for micro-electronic devices
US5439638A (en) * 1993-07-16 1995-08-08 Osram Sylvania Inc. Method of making flowable tungsten/copper composite powder
US5846288A (en) * 1995-11-27 1998-12-08 Chemet Corporation Electrically conductive material and method for making
US5831186A (en) * 1996-04-01 1998-11-03 Square D Company Electrical contact for use in a circuit breaker and a method of manufacturing thereof
US5686676A (en) * 1996-05-07 1997-11-11 Brush Wellman Inc. Process for making improved copper/tungsten composites
DE19828692A1 (de) * 1997-06-27 1999-01-07 Ami Doduco Gmbh Verfahren zum Granulieren von Zinnoxidpulver und damit hergestellte Kontaktwerkstoffe auf der Basis von Silber-Zinnoxid
DE19833620A1 (de) * 1998-07-25 2000-01-27 Ticona Gmbh Abtrennung von Trioxan aus gasförmigen Gemischen mit Formaldehyd

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2307476T3 (es) 2008-12-01
EP1043409A3 (fr) 2003-12-17
DE19916082A1 (de) 2000-10-19
JP2000319734A (ja) 2000-11-21
US6312495B1 (en) 2001-11-06
DE19916082C2 (de) 2001-05-10
EP1043409B1 (fr) 2008-06-18
DE50015204D1 (de) 2008-07-31

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