EP1045123A2 - Méthode de contrôle d'un moteur utilisant un modèle du système moteur en temps réel - Google Patents

Méthode de contrôle d'un moteur utilisant un modèle du système moteur en temps réel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1045123A2
EP1045123A2 EP00302309A EP00302309A EP1045123A2 EP 1045123 A2 EP1045123 A2 EP 1045123A2 EP 00302309 A EP00302309 A EP 00302309A EP 00302309 A EP00302309 A EP 00302309A EP 1045123 A2 EP1045123 A2 EP 1045123A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
engine
model
operating parameters
setpoints
mathematical model
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00302309A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1045123A3 (fr
Inventor
George Carver Davis
Rodney John Tabaczynski
Wengang Dai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Global Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Ford Global Technologies LLC
Publication of EP1045123A2 publication Critical patent/EP1045123A2/fr
Publication of EP1045123A3 publication Critical patent/EP1045123A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
    • F02D41/1458—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio with determination means using an estimation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D37/00—Non-electrical conjoint control of two or more functions of engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D2041/1433—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a model or simulation of the system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
    • F02D2200/0402—Engine intake system parameters the parameter being determined by using a model of the engine intake or its components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
    • F02D41/0065—Specific aspects of external EGR control
    • F02D41/0072—Estimating, calculating or determining the EGR rate, amount or flow

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to internal combustion engines and more particularly concerns a method for generating engine calibration parameters in real-time using a mathematical model of the engine system and combustion process.
  • Internal combustion engines are designed and developed in several phases. At a minimum, the engine concept is assessed, the design is engineered, and the manufacturing issues are resolved. In the final phase of engine development, the engine is mapped and calibrated for optimised performance.
  • Engine mapping and calibration seeks to optimize the setpoints for fuel flow, airflow (including the amount of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)), and spark ignition timing to balance the competing interests of achieving the lowest possible emissions, the best possible fuel economy, and satisfactory performance.
  • the engine mapping and calibration process is both costly and time consuming. All potential combinations of a variety of engine operating parameters must be analysed and associated to set points for airflow, fuelling rate and spark timing.
  • the result of the engine mapping and calibration process is a series of detailed lookup tables storing engine subsystem setpoints for these combinations of engine operating parameters. The resulting tables are stored in the powertrain control module (PCM) for use in engine control. For example, a desired EGR valve setpoint would be retrieved from the lookup table of values based upon the operating inputs of engine speed, load, and airflow, for instance.
  • PCM powertrain control module
  • calibrated look-up tables are developed based upon assumptions for the engine operating environment such as the air quality and fuel grade. Thus, if the engine operating environment differs significantly from the assumed environment for which the calibration tables were developed, the engine control strategy will not be optimised. In such a case, the engine must be remapped and new calibration tables developed if the engine is to be optimised for its environment. In other words, a vehicle operating in a thin air environment such as a high altitude location may require different lookup table values than a vehicle in a very dry air environment such as a desert location. Indeed, most calibrated lookup table setpoints are actually compromised, rather than global optimised, to allow acceptable engine performance over a wider variety of operating environments.
  • Another object is an engine control method which provides real-time calibration setpoints based upon a mathematical model of the engine rather than predefined setpoints based upon assumed environmental operating conditions.
  • a real-time control method for an internal combustion engine having a powertrain control module which includes a microprocessor and associated memory includes the steps of storing a mathematical model of the engine system in the PCM memory and continuously monitoring a variety of engine operating parameters. From these inputs, the PCM generates optimised calibration setpoints for the intake air flow, fuelling right, spark timing and EGR flow for the engine using the stored mathematical model. The setpoints are generated in real-time for every engine cycle, and the engine is then operated in accordance with the generated control setpoints.
  • the engine model includes submodels for fuel delivery, the in-cylinder processes, engine heat capacitance and cooling, engine friction, air flow, engine inertia, and the front-end auxiliary drive.
  • One advantage of the present method is optimised control setpoints for all engine operated environments.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a schematic diagram of the engine cycle as it relates to one cylinder of a multi-cylinder, spark-ignited internal combustion engine.
  • a piston 10 which reciprocates in cylinder 12 to deliver power to the crankshaft 14 which is used to power the vehicle.
  • Air enters the combustion chamber 16 through the intake manifold 18. Air is metered by the air bypass valve 20 and the angle of the throttle 22.
  • Conduit 24 directs exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold 26 to the engine intake 28.
  • the amount of EGR flow is regulated by EGR valve 30.
  • Fuel is delivered into the combustion chamber by fuel injector 32.
  • Intake valve 34 allows the fuel, ambient air, and recirculated exhaust gas to enter the combustion chamber 16.
  • the air/fuel mixture is then compressed by piston 10, and ignited by spark plug 36. Once combustion has occurred, the combustion gases are vented through exhaust valve 38 into the exhaust manifold 26. Catalytic converter 40 reacts with the exhaust gases to minimise the undesired emissions emitting from the exhaust pipe 42.
  • the combustion process is optimised in terms of emissions, fuel economy and performance by mapping and calibrating the engine.
  • a dynamometer is typically used to develop setpoints for controlled engine variables. These values are then stored in look-up tables indexed by engine operating parameters.
  • the present invention eliminates the need for look-up tables by mathematically modelling the engine systems which effect performance.
  • the inputs to the mathematical models are the same as those conventionally used to retrieve look-up table values such as the air/fuel ratio, the amount of EGR flow, the spark-ignition timing, and the engine speed.
  • the entire engine system is described by several submodels. These include: (1) a model 50 for the air flow which includes the throttle angle 22, air bypass 20, and EGR flow 30; (2) a model 52 for fuel delivery including the amount of wall wetting; (3) a model 54 for emissions, combustion and fuel economy; (4) models 56 for engine heat capacitance and the cooling system; (5) a friction model 58; (6) a model for the front-end auxiliary drive (FEAD) which includes the air conditioning load, alternator load and power steering load; and (7) an engine inertia model 62.
  • a model 50 for the air flow which includes the throttle angle 22, air bypass 20, and EGR flow 30
  • a model 52 for fuel delivery including the amount of wall wetting
  • a model 54 for emissions, combustion and fuel economy
  • models 56 for engine heat capacitance and the cooling system
  • a friction model 58
  • a model for the front-end auxiliary drive (FEAD) which includes the air conditioning load, alternator load and power steering load
  • these models are stored in memory 70 which is part of the logic accessed by the microprocessor 72 of the powertrain control module (PCM) 74.
  • PCM powertrain control module
  • the implementation of the PCM 74 in the overall engine system is intended to be otherwise conventional. Accordingly, the PCM receives inputs from engine sensors 76 and switch inputs 78 as well as an engine reference signal 80. Using these inputs, the PCM 74 controls the spark timing output 82, fuel system 84, the transmission output 86, the airflow 88 as well as other subsystem outputs such as the EGR control 90 and diagnostic indicators 92. The PCM 74 is powered by the engine electrical system via connector 94.
  • Engine sensors 76 include such things as mass airflow, manifold absolute pressure, fuel flow, spark timing, engine speed and EGR flow.
  • the switch inputs 78 include such things as the air conditioning and power steering system load.
  • control system In operation, inputs from the engine sensors 76 and switch input 78 are fed to the microprocessor 72 which accesses the engine system models in memory 70 to compute in real-time, for each engine cycle, the optimised control parameters for the fuel flow, airflow and spark timing.
  • the control system preferably takes advantage of existing sensors rather than modelling every engine subsystem. For example, instead of accessing an airflow model to compute airflow rate, a mass air flow sensor can be used. Mass airflow sensors are typically part of conventional engine control systems. AS a result, the manifold pressure wave dynamics need not be modelled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
EP00302309A 1999-04-12 2000-03-22 Méthode de contrôle d'un moteur utilisant un modèle du système moteur en temps réel Withdrawn EP1045123A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US289762 1999-04-12
US09/289,762 US6178373B1 (en) 1999-04-12 1999-04-12 Engine control method using real-time engine system model

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1045123A2 true EP1045123A2 (fr) 2000-10-18
EP1045123A3 EP1045123A3 (fr) 2002-03-27

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US (1) US6178373B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1045123A3 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2868127A1 (fr) * 2004-03-29 2005-09-30 Renault Sas Procede et systeme de commande du fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne de vehicule automobile equipe d'un ensemble turbocompresseur de suralimentation
US7020554B2 (en) 2002-12-05 2006-03-28 Avl List Gmbh Method of regulating or controlling a cyclically operating internal combustion engine
GB2585178A (en) * 2019-04-26 2021-01-06 Perkins Engines Co Ltd Engine control system
GB2593920A (en) * 2020-04-09 2021-10-13 Perkins Engines Co Ltd Powertrain controller

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US6293267B1 (en) * 2000-03-23 2001-09-25 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Flow-based control method for an engine control valve
JP2004239128A (ja) * 2003-02-05 2004-08-26 Mazda Motor Corp エンジン性能の予測解析方法、予測解析システム及びその制御プログラム
US6802302B1 (en) 2003-04-08 2004-10-12 Cummins, Inc. System for diagnosing EGR flow rate operation
US7512477B2 (en) 2004-11-12 2009-03-31 Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Systems and methods for guiding operators to optimized engine operation
US10273886B2 (en) 2012-01-18 2019-04-30 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Process for reducing abnormal combustion within an internal combustion engine
CN109070745B (zh) * 2016-03-25 2021-09-03 康明斯有限公司 基于车辆工作循环调整车辆操作参数的系统和方法
GB2583382B (en) * 2019-04-26 2021-10-27 Perkins Engines Co Ltd Internal combustion engine controller

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7020554B2 (en) 2002-12-05 2006-03-28 Avl List Gmbh Method of regulating or controlling a cyclically operating internal combustion engine
DE10356713B4 (de) * 2002-12-05 2009-01-15 Avl List Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung bzw. Steuerung einer in einem Kreisprozess arbeitenden Brennkraftmaschine
FR2868127A1 (fr) * 2004-03-29 2005-09-30 Renault Sas Procede et systeme de commande du fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne de vehicule automobile equipe d'un ensemble turbocompresseur de suralimentation
GB2585178A (en) * 2019-04-26 2021-01-06 Perkins Engines Co Ltd Engine control system
GB2585178B (en) * 2019-04-26 2022-04-06 Perkins Engines Co Ltd Engine control system
US11939931B2 (en) 2019-04-26 2024-03-26 Perkins Engines Company Limited Engine control system
GB2593920A (en) * 2020-04-09 2021-10-13 Perkins Engines Co Ltd Powertrain controller
GB2593920B (en) * 2020-04-09 2022-08-24 Perkins Engines Co Ltd Powertrain controller
US12194982B2 (en) 2020-04-09 2025-01-14 Perkins Engines Company Limited Powertrain controller

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Publication number Publication date
US6178373B1 (en) 2001-01-23
EP1045123A3 (fr) 2002-03-27

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