EP1052465A1 - Procédé et appareil pour la séparation cryogénique de l'air - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour la séparation cryogénique de l'air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1052465A1
EP1052465A1 EP99112289A EP99112289A EP1052465A1 EP 1052465 A1 EP1052465 A1 EP 1052465A1 EP 99112289 A EP99112289 A EP 99112289A EP 99112289 A EP99112289 A EP 99112289A EP 1052465 A1 EP1052465 A1 EP 1052465A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
level
fraction
transfer fraction
column
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99112289A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1052465B1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Dipl.-Ing. Nohlen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP1052465A1 publication Critical patent/EP1052465A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1052465B1 publication Critical patent/EP1052465B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
    • F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
    • F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
    • F25J3/04666—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04672—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser
    • F25J3/04678—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser cooled by oxygen enriched liquid from high pressure column bottoms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
    • F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
    • F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
    • F25J3/04666—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04672—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser
    • F25J3/04703—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser being arranged in more than one vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04793—Rectification, e.g. columns; Reboiler-condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/06—Lifting of liquids by gas lift, e.g. "Mammutpumpe"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/58—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being argon or crude argon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the low-temperature separation of air according to the Preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention particularly relates to two- or multi-column systems a pressure column and with a low pressure column arranged above the pressure column and / or an arranged or around a multi-column system with further separation columns for nitrogen-oxygen separation.
  • the pressure column represents the "first Rectification column "in the sense of the invention; rectification in the low pressure column and / or the evaporation in the top condenser of the crude argon column is the "further one Process step ".
  • The” transfer fraction is here by the bottom liquid or an intermediate liquid of the pressure column formed in the low pressure column or in the evaporation space of the top condenser of the crude argon column is introduced.
  • the invention relates in particular to double-column processes as shown in Figs. 4.21, 4.23, 4.26, 4.28 and 4.34 in Chapter 4.5 by Hausen / Linde.
  • the invention Mass transfer preferably in at least one separation column (e.g. low pressure and / or crude argon column) at least partially by packing or ordered Pack causes.
  • the transfer fraction collects in one within the first rectification column Reservoir through the sump of this column or a cup inside the column is formed.
  • the liquid level in this reservoir sets the "first level” h1 firmly in the sense of the invention.
  • the transfer fraction in passed a container in which a further process step is carried out, for example the low pressure column or the evaporation space of a condenser-evaporator (e.g. top condenser of the raw argon column).
  • a further process step for example the low pressure column or the evaporation space of a condenser-evaporator (e.g. top condenser of the raw argon column).
  • the place of feeding too this further process step defines the "second, higher level" in the sense of Invention.
  • Air separation plants in which packings in the low pressure part of a double column are used, for example, in EP 321163 A, WO 9319335, WO 9319336 or EP 628777 A.
  • a disadvantage of using packs is that the overall height noticeably increased compared to the bottom columns.
  • the claim cited inequality apply, that is, the pressure difference between pressure and Low pressure column or between the pressure column and the evaporation chamber of the Top condenser of the crude argon column is no longer sufficient to match the corresponding one to overcome hydrostatic pressure of a liquid column of the conduction fraction. While this situation also applies to normal operation under full load in some systems can occur, it often appears especially in special operating cases, especially when operating under underload, i.e. with a lower product and Amount used than in full load operation.
  • the invention has for its object the aforementioned method and appropriate device to further improve.
  • the expansion valve is at a suitable intermediate level between the first and the second level.
  • the specific definition of this intermediate level is different for each special embodiment of the invention, but can be easily determined with the aid of the calculation tools that are available to the person skilled in the art if the height of the intermediate level is specified as a degree of freedom.
  • the transfer fraction is subcooled before relaxing by indirect heat exchange. This will the formation of a two-phase mixture upstream of the relaxation entirely or partially avoided, so that the invention only when relaxing targeted vapor bubble formation occurs.
  • the hypothermia usually takes place nearby of the first level.
  • the transfer fraction is immediate upstream of relaxing completely or substantially completely in is in liquid form, but is no longer hypothermic.
  • the degree of supercooling of the conduction fraction becomes usually determined regardless of the liquid transport process and is of other criteria determines, for example the effort, relatively little flash gas to generate when feeding into the second container.
  • the relaxation process in particular the arrangement of the expansion valve, then becomes determines that the transition fraction immediately at the specified supercooling before relaxing just in the single-phase liquid state and neither a noticeable hypothermia still steam bubbles to a significant extent available.
  • the invention also relates to a device for the low-temperature separation of air according to claims 4 to 6.
  • cleaned air 1 is under a Pressure from 4 to 20 bar, preferably 5 to 12 bar in a heat exchanger 2 against Product flows cooled to about dew point and into the pressure column 3 a two-stage Rectifier fed.
  • the pressure column 3 stands over a common one Condenser-evaporator 4 in heat exchange relationship with a low pressure column 5.
  • the method of transferring a liquid according to the invention can also be applied the liquid nitrogen 7 from the top of the pressure column as a (further) "transfer fraction" be applied.
  • the "first level” is due to the liquid level formed inside the cup 16 in which the coming from the main capacitor 4 Liquid is collected.
  • the countercurrent 8 is supercooled supercooled nitrogen 17 flows to an expansion valve 18 which is on a Intermediate level hz 'is arranged and finally further to the feed point 19th ("second level" h2 ') at the head of the low pressure column.
  • the Invention also for the transport of a liquid transfer fraction in the Evaporation space of the top condenser of a crude argon column can be used.
  • the crude argon column is formed in the example by two sections 20a, 20b, their function in European patent EP 628777 B1 and in the corresponding U.S. Patent US 5,426,946 is described in detail.
  • the invention can be used by anyone known type of raw argon extraction are used, in which an argon-containing Oxygen fraction 21 introduced from the low pressure column 5 into a crude argon column is, with an oxygen-depleted in the upper area of the crude argon column Argon product 22a, 22b is obtained in the gaseous and / or liquid state.
  • the further transition fraction is in the example shown in the drawing through part 13a of the supercooled sump liquid 6 from the pressure column 5 educated. It is relaxed in an expansion valve 14a, which is on a Intermediate level is arranged. This intermediate level is in the example the same or approximately the same height as the intermediate level hz.
  • the in 14a relaxed transfer fraction 15a of sump 12 of the pressure column 3 is on a "second level" h2 "in the evaporation chamber 23 of the top condenser Raw argon column introduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
EP99112289A 1999-05-12 1999-06-25 Procédé et appareil pour la séparation cryogénique de l'air Expired - Lifetime EP1052465B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19921949 1999-05-12
DE19921949A DE19921949A1 (de) 1999-05-12 1999-05-12 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1052465A1 true EP1052465A1 (fr) 2000-11-15
EP1052465B1 EP1052465B1 (fr) 2005-05-11

Family

ID=7907865

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99112289A Expired - Lifetime EP1052465B1 (fr) 1999-05-12 1999-06-25 Procédé et appareil pour la séparation cryogénique de l'air

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6308533B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1052465B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000356463A (fr)
KR (1) KR20010049347A (fr)
DE (2) DE19921949A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2242331T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2853405A1 (fr) * 2003-04-01 2004-10-08 Air Liquide Procede et installation de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
FR2853406A1 (fr) * 2003-04-01 2004-10-08 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1300640A1 (fr) * 2001-10-04 2003-04-09 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif de production d'azote ultra-pur par séparation cryogénique d'air

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0567360A1 (fr) * 1992-03-24 1993-10-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé et installation de transfert de liquide
EP0798523A2 (fr) * 1994-05-27 1997-10-01 Praxair Technology, Inc. Procédé de contrÔle de capacité d'un système de rectification cryogénique

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2650379B1 (fr) * 1989-07-28 1991-10-18 Air Liquide Appareil de vaporisation-condensation pour double colonne de distillation d'air, et installation de distillation d'air comportant un tel appareil
DE4224068A1 (de) * 1992-03-20 1993-09-23 Linde Ag Verfahren zur tieftemperaturzerlegung von luft und luftzerlegungsanlage
DE4317916A1 (de) * 1993-05-28 1994-12-01 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Argon
DE19609490A1 (de) * 1995-03-10 1996-09-12 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
GB9711258D0 (en) * 1997-05-30 1997-07-30 Boc Group Plc Air separation

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0567360A1 (fr) * 1992-03-24 1993-10-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé et installation de transfert de liquide
EP0798523A2 (fr) * 1994-05-27 1997-10-01 Praxair Technology, Inc. Procédé de contrÔle de capacité d'un système de rectification cryogénique

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2853405A1 (fr) * 2003-04-01 2004-10-08 Air Liquide Procede et installation de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
FR2853406A1 (fr) * 2003-04-01 2004-10-08 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59912043D1 (de) 2005-06-16
ES2242331T3 (es) 2005-11-01
KR20010049347A (ko) 2001-06-15
EP1052465B1 (fr) 2005-05-11
US6308533B1 (en) 2001-10-30
DE19921949A1 (de) 2000-11-16
JP2000356463A (ja) 2000-12-26

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