EP1054095A2 - Matériau textile plat - Google Patents

Matériau textile plat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1054095A2
EP1054095A2 EP00106794A EP00106794A EP1054095A2 EP 1054095 A2 EP1054095 A2 EP 1054095A2 EP 00106794 A EP00106794 A EP 00106794A EP 00106794 A EP00106794 A EP 00106794A EP 1054095 A2 EP1054095 A2 EP 1054095A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
textile material
fabric
material according
controls
textile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00106794A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1054095A3 (fr
Inventor
Gerold Tebbe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deotexis Inc
Original Assignee
Deotexis Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deotexis Inc filed Critical Deotexis Inc
Publication of EP1054095A2 publication Critical patent/EP1054095A2/fr
Publication of EP1054095A3 publication Critical patent/EP1054095A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/12—Processes in which the treating agent is incorporated in microcapsules
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D27/00—Details of garments or of their making
    • A41D27/28—Means for ventilation
    • A41D27/285—Means for ventilation with closure adjustment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/208—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
    • D03D15/217—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based natural from plants, e.g. cotton
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/49—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads textured; curled; crimped
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/02—Cotton
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/10—Physical properties porous
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
    • D10B2501/04—Outerwear; Protective garments
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/913—Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2139—Coating or impregnation specified as porous or permeable to a specific substance [e.g., water vapor, air, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2213—Coating or impregnation is specified as weather proof, water vapor resistant, or moisture resistant
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/406—Including parallel strips
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/419—Including strand precoated with other than free metal or alloy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/50—FELT FABRIC
    • Y10T442/57—Including particulate material other than fiber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flat textile material according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Textile materials can be used for permeability divide into three groups, namely permeable, impermeable and selectively permeable materials.
  • a medium whose passage through a textile material to be considered is here chosen a fluid.
  • Both fluid permeable (normal Tissue) as well as fluid impermeable (tissue with closed Pores) Textile materials have been around for a long time known.
  • An example of a textile material that is selective is permeable to fluid is a coating of Cotton or corresponding blended fabrics with PTFE, which is known under the brand name Gore-Tex.
  • the permeability of known textile materials is regardless of environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity. This prevents the permeability from being adjusted as a result of a change in such Environmental parameters.
  • the independent of environmental parameters Pore size of a Gore-Tex fabric leads, for example to a compromise between the windproof and the Water vapor permeability of this material. At lower Outside temperature, it is desirable, however rather windproof textile material, i.e. with rather closed Pores to have while at higher outside temperatures a rather breathable, water vapor permeable textile material with rather larger open pores desirable is.
  • a textile material is intended by the present invention further developed according to the preamble of claim 1 be that its permeability depends on Environmental parameters is changeable.
  • this object is achieved by a textile material with the features specified in claim 1.
  • the clear width changes depending on environmental parameters.
  • the Environmental parameters such as temperature, so leave it e.g. Realize textile materials, their permeability itself with either rising or falling Temperature increased.
  • An increase in permeability with increasing temperature e.g. in clothing, especially desirable for sports and casual wear. If a user's body temperature either through own effort or by rising outside temperature can increase due to the enlarging openings the breathability of such a textile material constructed clothing can be increased.
  • a sinking one Permeability of a garment at elevated temperature can be used for therapeutic purposes, for example become.
  • Another example is the permeability of the textile material considered for light, so finds a textile material with decreasing light transmission with increased Temperature (or increased solar radiation) use for beachwear, umbrellas or textile material, that used as a cover for greenhouses can be.
  • the permeability of the textile material starts out from a given temperature, both at an increase as well as a decrease in temperature enlarged relative to the specified temperature or reduced.
  • Such textile materials can e.g. use as covers for industrial plants Find.
  • a textile material, the permeability of which starting from a given temperature at both Temperature increase as well as decrease in temperature decrease, can e.g. the escape of vapors or other Prevent fluids that occur when there is a temperature deviation develop from a given process temperature.
  • the reverse effect which increases the permeability of the textile material both when the temperature rises and even with a decrease relative to a given one Temperature increases, can be used as a controllable filter chemical fractionation.
  • control element pairs according to claim 2 defined sizes of through openings are achieved, to a defined permeability characteristic to lead.
  • a textile material comes e.g. then to Use when certain environmental parameters are present complete impermeability, e.g. a watertightness, is required so that all pores or openings defined until the passage width is zero.
  • the different Addressing the material-different controls exploited on one or more environmental parameters.
  • An example of this is the use of controls made of materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion. Materials with different materials can also be used Swelling behavior, i.e. different volume expansion e.g. depending on the air humidity, are used.
  • control elements according to claim 4 By designing the control elements according to claim 4 a change in environmental parameters also affects different on the different types of controls from what in turn is the permeability of the material influenced. With geometrically different control elements you can also make the textile material from just one build up single material, which simplifies production.
  • the textile material is designed according to claim 6 can change the volume of the capsules / microcapsules
  • Closing passage channels or openings in the Textile material can be used.
  • a filling prefers a liquid with high vapor pressure and a well elastic material is used as the elastic cover.
  • a good elastic material is used here Material called that when it is used as a cover for a Capsule / microcapsule is used when the temperature rises an increase in diameter of 10 ° C such capsule / microcapsule e.g. a factor of 2 enables.
  • the permeability characteristic of the textile material requirements can adjust.
  • a textile material according to claim 7 is preferably used, because then in the temperature range that for clothing relevant is a strong dependency of the vapor pressure on the temperature and therefore a sharp change in the Capsule / microcapsule diameter achieved by temperature becomes.
  • the training according to claim 10 leads to a Closing force that the material layers put against each other tries to be dependent on the environmental parameters expanding capsules / microcapsules must be overcome. Such a closing force ensures reversible Permeability control of the textile material. In addition the layers of material are securely connected to each other.
  • the textile material according to claim is preferred 11 executed.
  • the ones intended for the capsules / microcapsules Recesses allow a tight abutment of the material layers when the capsules / microcapsules depending on environmental parameters, they have decreased so that they lie completely in the recesses.
  • the formation of the textile material according to claim 12 leads to the possibility of a basic fabric with a conventional Manufacturing process and then the Introduce capsules / microcapsules, which are then used for environmental parameters Permeability of the textile material to care. Depending on the thickness of the textile material used becomes on average from a certain capsule / microcapsule density and size a practically complete impermeability achieved if desired.
  • the training according to claim 13 can be one strong dependence of permeability on one or several environmental parameters. Combined with the fabric tongues can also be the one mentioned above Bimetal effect can be exploited.
  • control thread can then e.g. temperature dependent expand or can be humidity dependent swell to close the openings.
  • control elements according to claim 15 leads to the fact that the diameter of the control threads changes strongly depending on environmental parameters. Man can too a fabric made exclusively from such control threads build up. Then the gaps between the Control threads closed by changing their diameter or opened, which increases the permeability of the Textile material changes. Alternatively, it is e.g. possible such a control thread through openings in a main material layer to put through (see claim 14), so that these openings are then opened depending on environmental parameters or be closed.
  • the embodiment according to claim 19 can be used conventional weaving technology, the embodiment according Claim 20 manufacture with conventional knitting technology.
  • known knitting machines some, e.g. half of the threads fed are dependent on environmental parameters and the rest of the strings out essentially material independent of environmental parameters.
  • a control element according to claim 21 has the same Dimension one temperature and different from multifilament threads moisture-dependent expansion.
  • a textile material according to claim 22 is characterized by good wearing comfort. Will only be a material used, is also both the manufacture of the textile material simplified, as well as the problem occurring electrostatic charge reduced.
  • textile fabric is a flat structure made of a textile material for fluids, in particular Water and water vapor is poorly permeable.
  • a textile material for fluids in particular Water and water vapor is poorly permeable.
  • Such essentially fluid-tight textile materials are e.g. Textile fabric, the pores of which are filled with the appropriate material, e.g. Linseed oil pear, acrylic polymers, copper oxide ammonia, Rubber or resins.
  • the fabric of both this and the following embodiments can if the manufacturing process is not explicitly mentioned, both by a knitting and also be produced by a weaving process.
  • the fabric can also be a non-woven material, i.e. e.g. a felt, fleece, textile composite or also a slide.
  • the textile material shown in Figures 1 to 4 is in such a way that it increases when the temperature rises below the effect of a mechanical induced thereby Tension bends.
  • Such mechanical tension will e.g., in analogy to a bimetal, through a composite structure the fabric web 10 from two layers together connected materials 11a, 11b (cf. the Enlarged section of FIG. 4) with different Thermal expansion coefficient achieved.
  • the section of the fabric web 10 shown in FIG. 1 has four fabric tongues 12, 14, 16, 18.
  • the cloth tongue 16, representative of the others here, the same constructed tongues 12, 14 and 18 will be described, is a rectangular section of fabric attached to its in Figure 1 upper end with a main fabric layer 20 of the Fabric 10 is related.
  • the three remaining pages the fabric tongue 16 are through cut surfaces 22, 24 and 26th limited.
  • the fabric tongue 16 is essentially one rectangular U-shaped cut or punching process, which in the main fabric layer 20 was made, in which the cut surfaces 22 to in the fabric tongue 16 26 and in the main fabric layer 20 a total of 27 designated rectangular-U-shaped cut surface is.
  • the reason for such a supernatant is that at Tongues from a certain size ratio between Thickness and typical extension of the tongue at relative stiff textile material from the main fabric layer 20 once raised tongue 12 for steric reasons can no longer slide back into the main fabric layer.
  • the fabric tongue 12 can also in the above-mentioned Cutting or punching process by temporary gluing lengthen a little on the cutting or punching tool the sliding back of the fabric tongue 12 into the main layer 20 is also made more difficult or prevented.
  • the cut surface 24 of the fabric tongue 12 lies in the 1 and 2 with the cutting surfaces 22, 26th and the underside 28 of the fabric tongue 16 on the latter adjacent areas of the main fabric layer 20 essentially close to. This is in the position shown of the material tongues 12 to 18, the material web 10 largely fluid-tight.
  • openings 30 to 36 are closed.
  • the opening 34 is representative of the same here constructed openings 30, 32 and 36 described. she is limited by the cut surface 27 of the main fabric layer 20 and through the underside 28 of the fabric tongue 16.
  • Material web 10 stretches the material layer 11a of the Composite structure of the fabric web 10 (see FIG. 5) more than the material layer 11b. This causes them to bend Cloth tongues 12 to 18, which are a first type of controls to control the fluid permeability in the Specify fabric 10.
  • the openings 30 to 36 of the main fabric layer 20, which is due to a not shown Edging the edge of the fabric 10 and due additional stabilizing on the main fabric layer 20 hardly any forces acting, even when the temperature rises bends form a second type of control in the Fabric 10.
  • the cloth tongues 12 to 18 give the openings 30 to 36 depending on the size of the temperature increase more or less free.
  • opening of openings 30 through 36 causes fluid can cross the fabric web 10.
  • the fabric tongues 16, 18 of the fabric web 10 of Figure 5 are like those of Figures 1 to 4 by essentially rectangular U-shaped cuts in the main fabric layer 20 emerged. Different from the fabric 10 of Figures 1 and 2 are the fabric tongues 16, 18 in a temperature range in which no mechanical Tensions or other thermally induced forces act so in the main fabric layer 20 that the top or Undersides of the fabric tongues 16, 18 with those of the Main fabric layer 20 aligned.
  • the cut surfaces lie here 22 to 26 of the fabric tongues 16, 18 of the cut surface 27 of the main fabric layer 20 substantially opposite.
  • the fabric tongues bend 16, 18 of Figure 5, from the surface of the main fabric layer 20 from.
  • the fabric web 10 is then more permeable.
  • connection temperature By choosing the temperature at which the material layers 11a, 11b are connected to one another (connection temperature), can have a fluid permeability characteristic the fabric 10 can be realized in which the Fluid permeability of the fabric web 10 both towards larger as well as enlarged to lower temperatures.
  • connection temperature the temperature at which the material layers 11a, 11b are connected to one another
  • the tabs 12 to 18 are lifted off into the opposite direction than in Figures 2 and 4 at the temperature increase shown. In this case too the openings 30 to 36 are opened so that the fluid Web 10 can penetrate.
  • connection temperature Is such a permeability characteristic with Increase in permeability below the connection temperature not desired, the latter is chosen so deeply that it depends on the material temperature when wearing the textile is not so far below that it increases permeability even at lower temperatures than the connection temperature comes.
  • a stop can e.g. already be given by the cut surface 27, as in the Figures 1 to 4 shown.
  • FIGS. 6 to 18 Further exemplary embodiments are shown in FIGS. 6 to 18 described. Again, there are elements that those of correspond to embodiments already described, again with the same reference numerals.
  • the section of a fabric web 10 shown in FIG. 6 has a main fabric layer 20 made of a fluid-tight material with a relatively low coefficient of thermal expansion.
  • the section shown has four holes 38 to 44.
  • a control thread 46 is one through holes 38 through 44 Zigzag seam is pulled through so that it is comparable through each hole 38 to 44 once.
  • the control thread 46 is made of one bad for fluid or non-permeable material made and compared with the main fabric layer 20 a high thermal Expansion coefficient.
  • the control thread 46 and the Openings 38 to 44 form in this embodiment the two types of controls that control fluid permeability specify the fabric 10.
  • the sectional view of Figure 7 shows a section through the center plane of the fabric web 10 of FIG. 6.
  • the diameter of the control thread 46 is for the fabric 10 in the representation of Figures 6 and 7 smaller than the diameter of the holes 38 to 44. Therefore, remains between the edges of holes 38 to 44 and the outer surface each of the control thread 46 essentially annular space.
  • the distance of the control thread 46 from the edges of holes 38 to 44 is so large that fluid, e.g. Water or water vapor, through the gap can step through.
  • FIG. 9 Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 9 There is a schematic and greatly enlarged a section perpendicular to the level of a fabric web 10 with fabric fibers 50 with a fluid-tight textile material low thermal expansion coefficient shown.
  • the sectional view shows the in the upper section Fabric 10 at about 25 ° C.
  • the microcapsules 54 each comprise an envelope 56 elastic material and a filling 58 of liquid and steam of an alcohol / water mixture.
  • the cover is for the contents of the capsule are impermeable.
  • the temperature of the textile material increases, e.g. by Increasing the ambient temperature to 35 ° C increases the Vapor pressure of the filling 58, so that the elastic sleeve 56, similar to a balloon that is expanded thus the diameter of the microcapsule 54 is increased. Due to the elasticity of the sleeve 56 is that of the vapor pressure the filling 58 dependent enlargement or reduction of the microcapsules 54 reversible.
  • the diameter of the microcapsules 54 is in the upper illustration 9 small compared to the typical distance of the fabric fibers 50. Fluid can therefore by the between pass through the fabric fibers 50 remaining gaps and thereby pass the fabric web 10.
  • FIGS Figures 10 to 12 Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS Figures 10 to 12 shown.
  • fabric 10 from two flat layers of fabric on top of each other 10a, 10b with main fabric layers 20a, 20b, where the top fabric 10a broken away in some areas is, so that there the underlying fabric 10b is exposed.
  • the main fabric layers 20a, 20b consist of fluid-impermeable Material with preferably low thermal Expansion coefficients and are over in the drawing Welds, not shown, at the edges with one another welded. This, and by gravity, will affect the Fabric panels 10a, 10b perpendicular to their surfaces acting force so exerted that in the absence of further Actions lie flat against each other, as in Figure 11 shown.
  • the fabric layer 10b has a square grid arranged hemispherical depressions 60 which e.g. by embossing with an appropriately designed embossing cylinder can be generated.
  • Microcapsules 54 by means of a binder 61 with which the Surface of the recesses 60 was coated and on the microcapsules 54 in the moist state of the binder were inflated.
  • the conditions at the boundary layer between a microcapsule 54 and the surface a depression 60 are comparable to those that in the enlarged detail of the embodiment of Fig. 9 are shown.
  • microcapsules 54 are at the relatively low one 11 completely in the wells 60.
  • the fabric web 10 is compared to one shown at Figure 11 elevated temperature. Under the influence of the temperature increase has the diameter of the microcapsules 54 due to the increased vapor pressure tripled their gas filling. The so enlarged Microcapsules 54 now protrude above the surface out of the fabric layer 10b and press the two Fabric web layers 10a, 10b apart by a distance 62.
  • the material web layers have 10a, 10b through openings 64a, 64b.
  • the through openings 64a of the fabric web 10a opposite the through openings 64b of the fabric 10b so that they, as from the supervision of the figure 10 visible, do not overlap.
  • the recesses 60 are equidistant around the circumference in a square grid of the through holes 64b.
  • controllable in permeability Fabric 10 of Figures 10 to 12 is as follows:
  • microcapsules 54 by increasing the temperature so enlarged that it covers the fabric layers 10a, 10b apart (e.g. line 62 in Figure 12), creates a variety of through channels in the Fabric web 10, since the through openings offset from one another 64a, 64b over the spaced apart Communicate fabric layers 10a, 10b. Fluid can then flow through the channels created Penetrate fabric 10.
  • the microcapsules 54 shrink due to of the decreasing vapor pressure.
  • the microcapsules 54 then become smaller, correspondingly the distance between the fabric layers 10a, 10b and thus also the Permeability of the fabric 10.
  • the material webs 10a, 10b are again tightly sealed to each other.
  • FIG. 14 shows a thread 66 which is used as the starting material for a controllable by temperature in the permeability Tissue can serve as an alternative to the control thread 46 in the embodiment of FIGS. 6 to 8 can be used.
  • the thread 66 is of a variety composed of individual short fibers 68, which are special modified composite natural fibers or from impermeable Synthetic material can be made of composite fibers.
  • FIG. 15 shows a detailed view of such a fiber 68. It has a main fiber 70 and one thinner here control fiber 72 shown. The main fiber 70 and the Control fibers 72 are welded together in the longitudinal direction.
  • the control fiber 72 has a larger coefficient of thermal expansion on than the main fiber 70. At the temperature at which the main fiber 70 and the control fiber 72 were welded together, practice this no forces due to thermal length change towards each other so that a total essentially straight fiber 68 results.
  • the so running Fibers 68 form the substantially smooth thread 66 of FIG Fig. 14.
  • the inside diameter of the thread 66 is less than that of the thread 66 shown in FIG. 13, the Temperature versus that of thread 66 of the figure 14 is increased.
  • the control fiber 72 has in particular elongated in the longitudinal direction more than the main fiber 70, so that, similar to a bimetal, a curvature the fiber 68 has arisen. The consequence is that in Fig. 13 shown unraveling the thread 66 with an enlargement of the clear diameter.
  • the thread 66 closes in one weave more the remaining between weft and warp Gaps or when it is used as a control thread 46 is used according to Figures 6 to 8, which there in the openings 38 to 44 of the fabric web 10, that a previously well fluid-permeable fabric sheet 10 less becomes fluid permeable.
  • the fiber 68 here has a main fiber 70, which is provided with a layer of lacquer 74, which extends only over part of the fiber circumference.
  • the material of the lacquer layer 74 can differ from the material the main fiber 70 by its coefficient of thermal expansion differentiate. You then have a bimetallic one Structure that responds to changes in temperature. The Material can also differ from the material of the main fiber 70 differentiate by its swelling capacity in a moist environment. You then have a bimetallic structure that responsive to moisture changes. The material the lacquer layer 74 can also simply moisture lock so that moisture changes in the environment less to wear in the covered fiber areas come as in uncovered areas so that one again moisture-induced changes in shape of the main fiber 70 receives.
  • the aforementioned effects can also be used in combination to be one of both temperature and moisture permeability of a fabric to achieve.
  • the lacquer layer 74 can also extend over the scope of the Main fiber 70 distributed with different layer thickness be applied. This then also results in a temperature or humidity-dependent bimetal effect, as in connection with fiber 68 in Figures 13 to 15 described.
  • the paint layer 74 takes over the role of control fiber 72.
  • Such an uneven application of the lacquer layer 74 can e.g. can be achieved in that the main fibers 70th after immersion in a liquid paint in horizontal Alignment can be hung freely so that the paint under gravitational influence prefers the Sheath portion of the main fiber 70 that collects the bottom is facing. After the paint layer 74 has dried then results in a fiber 68 with a stronger on one side Lacquer layer 74.
  • the temperature or humidity dependent Expansion effects of the thicker lacquer layer side then predominate and lead to the above Bimetal effect.
  • the material tongues are also 12 to 18 of Figures 1 to 5 with such Paint layer, so that they alternatively or in addition to the temperature-dependent bend of a change in humidity and thereby make the fabric web 10 fluid permeable.
  • the fabric 10 of the other, in Figures 17 and 18 illustrated embodiment of the invention has warp threads 80 and weft threads 82.
  • the group of wefts 82 includes control wefts of which in Figures 17 and 18 a control weft 84 is shown. This is, in contrast to the others shown weft threads 82 and the warp threads 80 from one Material that is essentially unaffected by one Is environmental parameter change.
  • the fabric web 10 is at a temperature shown, which is increased compared to that of Figure 17 is. Due to this temperature increase the Control weft 84 over the other threads in stretched its length. This creates the control weft 84 in the fabric of the fabric 10 each between two Warp threads 80 on either side of a third warp thread 80 are arranged, loops 88 made of nubs from protrude from the level of the fabric web 10.
  • the sectional view from Figure 19 it can be seen that the loops 88 of the extended control weft 84 alternately after extend up and down.
  • loops 88 no longer lie directly on the warp threads 80, but between warp thread 80 and control thread 84 in A distance remains in the area of the loops 88, enlarged the fluid permeability of the fabric in the Surrounding spaces 86 in the neighborhood of the Loops 88.
  • the fabric is then at the in Figure 18 shown temperature permeable to fluid.
  • control weft 84 can alternatively or additionally by swelling with increased humidity happen.
  • the control thread 46, the fiber 68 or the control thread 84 can be designed as a monofilament plastic fiber.
  • Monofilament fibers differ from multifilaments both in their temperature and in their swelling behavior Fibers. This difference can of course also be done analogously take advantage of the multifilament control threads and the remaining textile material made from monofilament fibers are.
  • the textile material can also be designed as a stretch fabric his.
  • texturing synthetic fibers or by an analog method, e.g. for cotton can various expansion parameters depending on the environmental parameters be achieved.
  • control threads can be used be knitted according to the type of control thread 84 by in a knitting machine, e.g. 24 threads at the same time knitted to make the knit fabric, some e.g. five of these 24 threads are designed as control threads, i.e. consist of a material whose coefficient of expansion is dependent on environmental parameters.
  • controllable permeability of Fabric panels described as fluid permeability. It it goes without saying that this also means other permeabilities are included, e.g. the permeability for Light. You can e.g. Awning or the like manufacture that regardless of the intensity of the sun ensure a predetermined brightness under the awning.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
EP00106794A 1999-05-21 2000-03-30 Matériau textile plat Withdrawn EP1054095A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19923575 1999-05-21
DE19923575A DE19923575C1 (de) 1999-05-21 1999-05-21 Flächiges Textilmaterial

Publications (2)

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EP1054095A2 true EP1054095A2 (fr) 2000-11-22
EP1054095A3 EP1054095A3 (fr) 2004-03-03

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US (1) US6767850B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1054095A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE19923575C1 (fr)

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WO2005095692A1 (fr) * 2004-03-19 2005-10-13 Nike, Inc. Article vestimentaire incorporant une structure textile modifiable
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US9700077B2 (en) 2004-03-19 2017-07-11 Nike, Inc. Article of apparel with variable air permeability
WO2005095692A1 (fr) * 2004-03-19 2005-10-13 Nike, Inc. Article vestimentaire incorporant une structure textile modifiable
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DE102005051575A1 (de) * 2005-09-06 2007-03-15 Dehn, Michael C. Belüftungseinsatz
WO2007028594A1 (fr) * 2005-09-06 2007-03-15 Michael Dehn Revetement d'aeration
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EP1894482A2 (fr) * 2006-08-29 2008-03-05 Mmi-Ipco, Llc Textile intelligent réactif à la température et à l'humidité
EP1895035B1 (fr) * 2006-08-29 2023-11-22 Mmi-Ipco, Llc Textile intelligent sensible à la température
DE102006042145B3 (de) * 2006-09-06 2007-10-31 Michael Dehn Selbstschließender Belüftungseinsatz und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
US9516914B2 (en) 2006-09-06 2016-12-13 IQTEX Patentverwaltunq UG Self-closing ventilation insert and method for producing it
US8844158B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2014-09-30 Iqtex Patentverwaltung Ug Super absorber polymer felt and method for the production thereof
DE102009009589A1 (de) * 2009-02-19 2010-09-02 Deichmann Se Schuh mit luftdurchlässiger Sohle
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DE19923575C1 (de) 2001-03-22
US6767850B1 (en) 2004-07-27
EP1054095A3 (fr) 2004-03-03

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