EP1060347B1 - Systeme de securite incorpore pour extracteur de fumees - Google Patents
Systeme de securite incorpore pour extracteur de fumees Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1060347B1 EP1060347B1 EP99906305A EP99906305A EP1060347B1 EP 1060347 B1 EP1060347 B1 EP 1060347B1 EP 99906305 A EP99906305 A EP 99906305A EP 99906305 A EP99906305 A EP 99906305A EP 1060347 B1 EP1060347 B1 EP 1060347B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- pressure
- suction
- fact
- pressostat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L17/00—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
- F23L17/005—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues using fans
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M11/00—Safety arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2211/00—Flue gas duct systems
- F23J2211/30—Chimney or flue associated with building ventilation system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2213/00—Chimneys or flues
- F23J2213/70—Safety arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a security system incorporated in an extractor smoke that is placed at the outlet of the chimney flue of any room, by example of a dwelling, individual or collective, this extractor being equipped with a mechanical suction device, such as a turbine driven in rotation by a motor, especially electrical, so as to generate a vacuum in the duct which sucks the burnt gases and / or stale air in the space of the room to which the duct is connected.
- a mechanical suction device such as a turbine driven in rotation by a motor, especially electrical, so as to generate a vacuum in the duct which sucks the burnt gases and / or stale air in the space of the room to which the duct is connected.
- a malfunction of the mechanical suction device in particular due to a failure of the electric motor which ensures its training, can have effects harmful to the health of people in the home.
- the same house has two separate exhaust ducts, each equipped with a type extractor mentionned.
- One of the conduits - called sanitary - connects to the W.C. and the rooms baths ; the other - called main - is connected to the other rooms, including the kitchen.
- the sanitary extractor ensures evacuation, more or less efficient, air present in all rooms; this assumes a passage of stale air inside the house, to the sanitary rooms in which takes place the evacuation.
- This transit can also cause health problems, especially if the stale air is harmful, as it is if it comes directly from a boiler.
- a pressure switch has two opposite pressure chambers connected by nozzles, one at low pressure (vacuum) and the other at high pressure (pressure atmospheric); they are separated by a membrane whose deformation in one direction ensures electrical contact while, in the other direction, it cuts the circuit. If the vacuum in the duct is sufficient, the state of the pressure switch can therefore allow the electrical supply to the boiler. Otherwise, which is a sign of extractor malfunction, it interrupts it
- the security device described in document FR-A-2 631 687 includes a mechanical exhaust fan capable of stopping the operation of boilers when the fan stops.
- the fan is equipped with a pressure switch capable of detecting the fan malfunction in order to open a shutter located in the lower part of the extraction duct and cause the boiler to shut down.
- the present invention aims to solve the problems mentioned above, by proposing to safely control the proper functioning of the device mechanical suction, while making use of a usual differential pressure sensor whose reliability is proven and recognized, whose air intakes are positioned at the interior of a clean, or practically clean, air stream, the cost of which is relatively weak, namely a pressure switch.
- the security system has two separate air intakes incorporated into the extractor and arranged in locations where, the suction device being in operation, the pressure is respectively lower and higher than atmospheric pressure ambient, these air intakes being respectively connected respectively to the nozzles of depression and pressure of a pressure switch forming a switch, the latter being adapted to trigger a safety event when the difference between the relative values of the overpressure and depression detected by the air intakes drops below a threshold value determined.
- the air intake which is connected to the nozzle of pressure switch pressure is placed inside a vacuum chamber whose air inlet section is reduced by a throttle and / or a filter, so as to create a pressure drop at this level, and thus increase the value of the vacuum in said bedroom.
- the suction device is a turbine double, comprising a set of upper blades and a set of lower blades
- the socket of air which is connected to the pressure end of the pressure switch is placed above the set of upper blades.
- the turbine when the turbine is mounted at the base of a shaft vertical outlet of an electric motor housed inside a vacuum chamber in which the air flow circulates from the top to the bottom, the air intake which is connected to the pressure switch vacuum nozzle is placed in this chamber.
- the security system is associated with a duct which evacuates burnt gases coming from at least one boiler, the pressure switch being suitable for controlling the shutdown of the boiler.
- the sanitary conduit a dwelling in which other rooms have at least one other duct with a similar extractor having a mechanical extraction device actuated by a motor, the pressure switch being adapted to control the stopping of this motor.
- the extractor represented in FIGS. 1 and 2 is of the same general type as that described in FR-A-2 711 770 already mentioned.
- This extractor 2 is installed at the upper open end of a chimney flue 1.
- the upper part of the duct 1 is surrounded by a base 20.
- the device comprises an electric motor 3, of axis ZZ ' , protected by a dome 21.
- the motor output shaft 3, referenced 30, carries an effect turbine 6 centrifugal.
- the turbine is a "double turbine". It includes a horizontal disc 60 which carries, on its upper face, a set of blades 61, of relatively low height, and on its underside, another set of blades 62, of greater height.
- the motor 3 is housed inside a cup 5, of profiled shape, open upwards under the dome 21and downwards, towards the central zone of the disc 60.
- the upper entry section of the cup 5 is reduced by a rim 51; in addition, the opening of the cup is fitted at this level with a filter 500.
- the presence of the narrowing 51 and of the filter 500 creates a pressure drop which has the effect of increasing the vacuum inside the cup, when the extractor is in service.
- the cup 5 has a discoid base 52 open in its part central, to allow the passage of the air flow downwards.
- the centrifugal turbine 6 is surrounded by a ferrule, or sleeve 4 approximately cylindrical, open both upwards and downwards.
- a set of suitable flanges and spacers are naturally provided to ensure the mutual fixing of these different elements, in the position shown.
- This extractor is of the mixed type, which means that it can be used both static, engine 3 stopped, and dynamic, engine 3 running.
- the rotation of the turbine 6 is symbolized by the arrow R.
- the upper blades 61 generate a suction of air from the top to the bottom inside the cup 5.
- the moving blades 61 and 62 generate a relatively large air flow towards the outside, by centrifugal effect, against the wall internal of the cuff 4. This air flow is deflected downwards by said wall and goes come to lick the profiled surface, for example frustoconical with rounded edges, and divergent down from the base 20.
- the air intake 7, which senses a negative pressure p-, is connected, via a suitable pneumatic conduit, to the vacuum nozzle 90 of a pressure switch 9.
- the air intake 8 which senses a positive pressure p + , is connected to the pressure end piece 91 of this pressure switch.
- the pressure switch 9 comprises a membrane 900 which is exposed to the opposing pressures of the fluid supplied to each of its end pieces 90, 91.
- This membrane controls a switch I which is closed when the differential pressure on the two sides of the membrane is greater at a predetermined threshold value, generally adjustable.
- This switch is mounted on an electrical circuit supplied by a generator G - which can be the mains supply - and carrying an actuator A of electrically controlled safety event.
- this actuator is, for example, a relay controlling the solenoid valve for stopping the boiler located in the room equipped with conduit 1.
- the switch I When the differential pressure sensed by the two air intakes 7 and 8 is sufficient, the switch I is closed, and the relay A is in a state which authorizes the operation of the boiler. On the other hand, if the differential pressure falls below the threshold value, in particular if it becomes zero, the switch I opens, and the relay A switches to a state which causes the boiler to stop.
- the relative values of pressures p + and p- are respectively +60 and - 60 Pascal.
- a differential pressure of 120 Pa is therefore obtained, which is clearly greater than the usual sensitivity of a pressure switch, which is normally understood between 10 and 50 Pascal, depending on the model. The risks of inadvertent triggering of the security system are thus limited.
- the pressure switch 9 is set for example so that the switch I opens when this differential pressure is less than 50 Pascal.
- the operation of the system is very simple. In the event of the turbine 6 stopping for any reason whatsoever (failure of the engine 3, or blockage of the blades in particular), the air pressure at the air intake 7 is close to the air pressure at level of the air intake 8, so that the differential pressure is insufficient in the pressure switch 9 to keep the switch I closed.
- centrifugal turbine 6 does not necessarily have to be completely stopped so that the security system is triggered.
- the differential pressure supplied to the pressure switch 9 may be insufficient to keep the switch I closed ; of course, the adjustment of the threshold value of the pressure switch will be carried out according to the operating conditions of the extractor concerned, to avoid inadvertent tripping.
- actuator A can be varied, depending on the safety event to be triggered.
- the location of the air intakes 7 and 8 will preferably be chosen from the optimally, depending on the model and configuration of the extractor concerned, the socket 8 being advantageously placed where the overpressure is strongest and the socket 7 being ideally placed where the depression is maximum.
- the air intake 8 could be placed under the horizontal base 52 of the cup 5, above the upper blades 61 of the double turbine.
- the overpressure is high in this area.
- the invention obviously applies to extractors having mechanical suction means different from the centrifugal turbine with which the embodiment described above. It applies in particular to propeller extractors or a cage-shaped turbine.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Description
- la figure 1 est une vue de face schématique, coupée par un plan de symétrie vertical, d'un extracteur de type usuel pourvu d'un système de sécurité conforme à l'invention ;
- la figure 2 est une vue de dessus de l'extracteur de la figure 1, coupée par le plan horizontal référencé II-II sur cette dernière ;
- la figure 3 est un schéma des circuits pneumatique et électrique du système.
Claims (7)
- Système de sécurité incorporé dans un extracteur de fumées (2) placé à la sortie d'un conduit (1) et équipé d'un dispositif d'aspiration (6) mécanique, tel qu'une turbine, apte à générer une dépression dans le conduit (1), caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte deux prises d'air séparées (7, 8) incorporées à l'extracteur (2) et disposées en des emplacements où, le dispositif d'aspiration (6) étant en fonctionnement, la pression est respectivement inférieure et supérieure à la pression atmosphérique ambiante, ces prises d'air (7, 8) étant connectées respectivement aux embouts de dépression (90) et de pression (91) d'un pressostat (9) formant interrupteur, ce dernier étant adapté pour déclencher un événement sécuritaire lorsque l'écart entre les valeurs relatives de la surpression (p+) et de la dépression (p-) détectées par les prises d'air (8, 7) descend en deçà d'une valeur-seuil déterminée.
- Système de sécurité selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la prise d'air (7) qui est connectée à l'embout de dépression (90) du pressostat (9) est placée à l'intérieur d'une chambre de dépression (50) dont la section d'entrée d'air est réduite par un étranglement (51) et/ou un filtre (500) de manière à créer une perte de charge à ce niveau et augmenter la valeur de la dépression dans ladite chambre (50).
- Système de sécurité selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que ledit dispositif d'aspiration (6) est une turbine à effet centrifuge, montée rotative à l'intérieur d'une manchette (4), contre laquelle est projeté l'air généré par la turbine, et que la prise d'air (8) connectée à l'embout de pression (91) du pressostat (9) est placée sur la paroi intérieure de cette manchette (4).
- Système de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que ledit dispositif d'aspiration (6) est une turbine double, comprenant un jeu de pales supérieures (61) et un jeu de pales inférieures (62), et que la prise d'air qui est connectée à l'embout de pression (91) du pressostat est placée au dessus du jeu de pales supérieures (61).
- Système de sécurité selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé par le fait que ladite turbine est montée à la base d'un arbre vertical (30) de sortie d'un moteur électrique (3) logé à l'intérieur d'une chambre de dépression (50) dans laquelle le flux d'air circule du haut vers le bas, caractérisé par le fait que la prise d'air (7) qui est connectée à l'embout de dépression (90) de pressostat (9) est placée dans cette chambre (50).
- Système de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, associé à un conduit (1) qui évacue des gaz brûlés provenant d'au moins une chaudière, caractérisé par le fait que le pressostat (9) est adapté pour commander l'arrêt de la chaudière.
- Système de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, associé au conduit sanitaire (1) d'un logement dont d'autres pièces possèdent au moins un autre conduit doté d'un extracteur similaire possédant un dispositif d'extraction mécanique actionné par un moteur, caractérisé par le fait que le pressostat (9) est adapté pour commander l'arrêt de ce moteur.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9802860 | 1998-03-04 | ||
| FR9802860A FR2775759B1 (fr) | 1998-03-04 | 1998-03-04 | Systeme de securite incorpore pour extracteur de fumees |
| PCT/FR1999/000433 WO1999045324A1 (fr) | 1998-03-04 | 1999-02-26 | Système de sécurité incorporé pour extracteur de fumées |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1060347A1 EP1060347A1 (fr) | 2000-12-20 |
| EP1060347B1 true EP1060347B1 (fr) | 2002-05-08 |
Family
ID=9523825
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99906305A Expired - Lifetime EP1060347B1 (fr) | 1998-03-04 | 1999-02-26 | Systeme de securite incorpore pour extracteur de fumees |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1060347B1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2322703A1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2177242T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2775759B1 (fr) |
| PT (1) | PT1060347E (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1999045324A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2911671B1 (fr) * | 2007-01-19 | 2010-06-18 | Sarl Mvn | Dispositif d'assistance mecanique pour l'evacuation de flux gazeux plus particulierement destine a un ensemble habitable |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2459424B1 (fr) | 1979-06-18 | 1986-08-01 | Zaniewski Michel | Dispositif d'aeration des locaux et de tirage des cheminees |
| FR2550317B1 (fr) * | 1983-08-04 | 1985-11-22 | Gaz De France | Chaudiere a gaz a condensation raccordee a une installation de ventilation mecanique controlee |
| FR2631687A1 (fr) * | 1988-05-17 | 1989-11-24 | Lefevre Claude | Dispositif de securite collective pour ventilation mecanique controlee gaz |
| FR2709534B1 (fr) | 1993-09-03 | 1996-02-09 | Andre Amphoux | Dispositif statique/dynamique pour l'évacuation de fluide gazeux. |
| FR2711770B1 (fr) | 1993-10-25 | 1996-01-12 | Zaniewski Michel | Perfectionnements aux dispositifs modulaires permettant l'assemblage d'appareils d'extraction des fumées ou d'aération des locaux. |
-
1998
- 1998-03-04 FR FR9802860A patent/FR2775759B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-02-26 CA CA002322703A patent/CA2322703A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1999-02-26 WO PCT/FR1999/000433 patent/WO1999045324A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1999-02-26 ES ES99906305T patent/ES2177242T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-26 EP EP99906305A patent/EP1060347B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-26 PT PT99906305T patent/PT1060347E/pt unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2775759B1 (fr) | 2000-06-16 |
| FR2775759A1 (fr) | 1999-09-10 |
| CA2322703A1 (fr) | 1999-09-10 |
| PT1060347E (pt) | 2002-10-31 |
| WO1999045324A1 (fr) | 1999-09-10 |
| ES2177242T3 (es) | 2002-12-01 |
| EP1060347A1 (fr) | 2000-12-20 |
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