EP1061158A2 - Parallel Betrieb von Amalgamelektrolyseuren und Membranelektrolyseuren - Google Patents
Parallel Betrieb von Amalgamelektrolyseuren und Membranelektrolyseuren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1061158A2 EP1061158A2 EP00111000A EP00111000A EP1061158A2 EP 1061158 A2 EP1061158 A2 EP 1061158A2 EP 00111000 A EP00111000 A EP 00111000A EP 00111000 A EP00111000 A EP 00111000A EP 1061158 A2 EP1061158 A2 EP 1061158A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- brine
- amalgam
- station
- membrane
- precipitation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
- C25B1/36—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in mercury cathode cells
- C25B1/42—Decomposition of amalgams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
- C25B15/085—Removing impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
- C25B15/087—Recycling of electrolyte to electrochemical cell
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the parallel operation of amalgam electrolyzers and membrane electrolysers with a common brine circuit below Use of a mercury-resistant oxygen consumption cathode in the Membrane electrolyser.
- the oxygen consumption cathode for use in NaCl electrolysis is from the literature basically known.
- brine is of the usual membrane cell quality used. This brine is mercury-free to protect the cathode activation held.
- the mercury contamination for chloralkali electrolysis using the amalgam process known NaCl brine is typically from about 10 mg / l to 400 mg / l in normal operation or as a peak value after the system has come to a standstill.
- Another aspect is the gradual changeover from amalgam electrolysis on membrane processes play an important role: if the energetically less favorable, Mercury-resistant cathode activation should be used during the parallel operation of amalgam and membrane processes, with the aim of being more complete Conversion to the optimal cathode activation, which is sensitive to mercury the entire brine and alkali cycle must be completely changed mercury-free, which causes enormous problems, especially in the Alkaline cycle that mercury can be partially in metallic form.
- the task is therefore to provide an electrolysis process in which an amalgam electrolysis and a Membrane electrolysis, preferably using an oxygen consumable cathode, can be operated in parallel with the same brine circuit.
- the procedure is said to Have advantages of known methods with oxygen consumption cathodes.
- the object is achieved according to the invention through the use of oxygen consumable cathodes solved in a membrane electrolysis process, which against the effects of Mercury are resistant.
- the task is also accomplished through the use of a Ca / Mg ion exchanger dissolved, the Ca / Mg content even with mercury Brine lowers to ⁇ 20 ppb, which is necessary for the full life of the membranes to ensure.
- the carbon soot can be omitted from the oxygen depletion cathode so that the electrode matrix consists only of Teflon and silver, whereby the silver takes on the function of the catalyst as well as that of electron conduction and accordingly such a high Ag loading is necessary that the particles separate touch and form conductive bridges with each other.
- the wire mesh, a fine expanded metal as known from battery technology, as also a felt made of silver, silver-plated nickel or silver-plated alkali-resistant material, e.g. Inconnel steel. It is essential that the silver catalyst is stable behaves towards mercury.
- sulfate content at ⁇ 5 g / l is achieved by appropriate operation, for example continuous or discontinuous removal of the sulfate by means of precipitation or partial stream precipitation, for example with addition of CaCO 3 , BaCl 2 or BaCO 3 , or in particular in the case of very low-sulfate salts, can be adjusted by discharging a partial stream of the depleted brine.
- Another possibility is the nanofiltration of the brine or a partial flow of the brine by means of ion-selective membranes in the feed upstream of the membrane electrolyzer, or another separation process, for example using ion exchangers. It is important that only the partial flow to the membrane electrolyzer has to be set to the sulfate ion concentration mentioned, with the side effect that the main flow also gradually adjusts to a lower content in the circuit.
- the SiO 2 content in the NaCl brine can easily be kept at ⁇ 5 ppm by avoiding free concrete areas in the salt store (brine bunker).
- Peak mercury levels with a concentration of up to 400 mg Hg / l in the brine are from the oxygen consumption cathode operated behind the membrane in the sodium hydroxide solution survived easily.
- the usual concentration of 150-200 mg / l mercury at normal peaks and ⁇ 10 mg / l mercury in normal operation is for the operation of the oxygen consumption cathode no barrier.
- the method according to the invention with an oxygen consumption cathode enables parallel operation of classic amalgam electrolysers and membrane electrolysers with a common brine circuit without additional preparation the brine.
- the precipitation takes place in a side stream with 100 mg / l NaOH and 200 mg / l Na 2 CO 3 .
- the sulfate level can only be kept at a level of 10 to 15 g / l via the water quantities to be discharged as thin brine from various rinsing and process processes. This high level is harmless for the amalgam system.
- this anolyte stream 13 coincides with the anolyte stream of the amalgam electrolysis plant 5.
- the common anolyte stream 14 is again in the salt dissolving station 1 with salt 12 concentrated.
- the sulfate content can be controlled via a moderate discharge of brine, this is appropriate in the area of the lowest salt concentration in the overall system Outlet 8 behind the electrolytic cell 4. In favorable cases, particularly good salt quality can this outlet 8 also the level of the otherwise in the hydroxide precipitation 6th keep precipitated ions below the tolerance limit for membrane electrolysis.
- a membrane electrolysis cell 4 with an oxygen consumption cathode with an area of 100 cm 2 made of soot, Teflon and silver catalyst on silver-plated nickel fabric from NeNora (type ESNS) was operated with mercury-containing NaCl brine.
- the mercury contamination of the NaCl brine fluctuated between a content of 10 mg / l and 400 mg / l and simulated a level of mercury, such as occurs from an amalgam electrolysis plant 5 during typical normal operation or after plant 5 has come to a peak.
- the electrolytic cell 4 surprisingly showed a complete mercury tolerance the oxygen consumption cathode over an operating period of at least 360 days.
- the operating voltage of the electrolytic cell 4 was between 1.92 and 1.97 volts under standard conditions (current density: 3kA / m 2 ; operating temperature: 85 ° C; brine concentration: 210 g / l; NaOH concentration: 32% by weight). Electrolytic cells with an oxygen consumable cathode consistently showed a 30 to 80 mV higher operating voltage in mercury-free operation.
- a typical amalgam cell brine 9 with an Hg content between 7 and 14 mg / l and a Ca loading of 7 mg / l was passed through a Ca / Mg ion exchanger 3 of the type TP 208 with a brine throughput of 1 or 2 l / h headed by Bayer AG.
- the bed volume was 100 cm 3 with a column diameter of 3.1 cm.
- the operating temperature was 65 ° C, the pH of the brine was 9.5.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fe
- ∼ 0,12 mg/l
- Al
- ∼ 0,25 mg/l
- Ca
- ∼ 4,5 mg/l
- Mg
- ∼ 0,15 mg/l
- SO42-
- ∼7-10 g/l
Claims (7)
- Verfahren zur Elektrolyse Natriumchlorid-haltiger Sole mit einem parallelen Betrieb von Amalgamelektrolyseuren 5 und Membranelektrolyseuren 4 mit Sauerstoffverzehrkathode mit einem gemeinsamen Solekreislauf, mit den Schritten:Zuführen der Sole 9 von einer Salzlösestation 1 zu einer Fäll- und Filterstation 2 und grobes Abtrennen von Sulfat-, Calzium- und Magnesiumionen aus der Sole 9 in der Fäll- und Filterstation 2,Aufteilen der Sole in einen Hauptstrom 10 und einen Teilstrom 11, Elektrolysieren des Hauptstroms 10 der Sole in einem Amalgamelektrolyseur 5,Vorbehandeln des Teilstroms 11 der Sole durch Entfernen von freiem Chlor in einer Entchlorungsstation 7, Ausfällen von insbesondere Al-, Fe- und Mg-Ionen in einer Hydroxidfällungsstation 6 und ggf. Abtrennen von Calzium-und Magnesiumionen aus der Sole 11 in der Station 3, insbesondere einem Ionenaustauscher,anschließend Elektrolysieren des Teilstroms 11 der Sole in einem Membranelektrolyseur 4 undZusammenführen der Anolytströme des Membranelektrolyseurs 4 und des Amalgamelektrolyseur 5 in einen gemeinsamen Anolytstrom 14, wobei ein Membranelektrolyseur 4 mit einer quecksilberresistenten Sauerstoffverzehrkathode verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Sauerstoffverzehrkathode bestehend wenigstens aus einem elektrisch leitenden metallischen, laugefesten Träger, bevorzugt einem Gewebe, Streckmetall oder Filz aus Silberdraht oder versilbertem Nickel- oder Inconel-Draht und einer mit dem Träger versinterten oder verpressten Katalysatormatrix aus Teflon, elektrisch leitfähigem Matrixmaterial, bevorzugt Ruß, und Katalysatormaterial, bevorzugt katalytisch aktiven Silberpartikeln oder anderen quecksilberverträglichen Katalysatorpartikeln, verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gehalt an Sulfationen in der Fäll- und Filterstation 2, insbesondere durch Fällung mit CaCO3, BaCl2 oder BaCO3 oder durch Nanoflitration auf <5 g/l eingestellt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor dem Elektrolysieren des Teilstroms 11 der Sole im Membranelektrolyseur 4 Calzium- und Magnesiumionen aus der Sole 11 in einem Ca/Mg-Ionenaustauscher 3 bis zu einem Gehalt von <20 ppb abgetrennt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ca/Mg-Ionenaustauscher 3 ein quecksilberresistenter Ionenaustauscher ist.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der gemeinsame Anolytstrom 14 von Amalgamelektrolyseur 5 und Membranelektrolyseur 4 in die Salzlösestation 1 zurückgeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der SiO2-Gehalt der Sole vor der Elektrolyse auf <5 ppm gehalten wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19926887A DE19926887A1 (de) | 1999-06-12 | 1999-06-12 | Elektrolyseverfahren |
| DE19926887 | 1999-06-12 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1061158A2 true EP1061158A2 (de) | 2000-12-20 |
| EP1061158A3 EP1061158A3 (de) | 2000-12-27 |
| EP1061158B1 EP1061158B1 (de) | 2004-04-14 |
Family
ID=7911060
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00111000A Expired - Lifetime EP1061158B1 (de) | 1999-06-12 | 2000-05-30 | Parallel Betrieb von Amalgamelektrolyseuren und Membranelektrolyseuren |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6224740B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1061158B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2001029956A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20010049521A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1277269A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE264412T1 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR0002624A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2311042A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19926887A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2219223T3 (de) |
| NO (1) | NO20002992L (de) |
| SG (1) | SG87894A1 (de) |
| TW (1) | TW539774B (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200002914B (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7105460B2 (en) | 2002-07-11 | 2006-09-12 | Applied Materials | Nitrogen-free dielectric anti-reflective coating and hardmask |
| US8377284B2 (en) | 2001-10-09 | 2013-02-19 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Method of recycling process gas in electrochemical processes |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2543958C (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2012-04-10 | Metal Alloy Reclaimers, Inc Ii | Process for reduction of inorganic contaminants from waste streams |
| EP1640060A1 (de) | 2004-09-22 | 2006-03-29 | 3M Espe Ag | Mischer für Mehrkomponentenpasten, Bausatz, und Verfahren zum Mischen von Pasten |
| EP1802385B1 (de) * | 2004-09-22 | 2008-01-23 | 3M Espe AG | Mischer für mehrkomponentenpasten, ausrüstung und verfahren zum mischen von pastenkomponenten |
| JP2008223115A (ja) * | 2007-03-15 | 2008-09-25 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | 塩水の処理方法 |
| CN102648045A (zh) * | 2009-07-06 | 2012-08-22 | 马尔系统公司 | 用于除去流体流中污染物的介质、及其制备和使用方法 |
| CN106216360A (zh) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-12-14 | 南京格洛特环境工程股份有限公司 | 一种副产品盐的精制及资源化利用方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3037818C2 (de) * | 1980-10-07 | 1985-08-14 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Natriumbisulfat |
| DE3543379A1 (de) * | 1985-12-07 | 1987-06-11 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur elektrolytischen herstellung von alkalimetallhydroxid, chlor und wasserstoff |
| US5028302A (en) * | 1989-11-16 | 1991-07-02 | Texas Brine Corporation | Purification of chlor-alkali membrane cell brine |
| JPH08283978A (ja) * | 1995-04-10 | 1996-10-29 | Permelec Electrode Ltd | ガス拡散電極の製造方法 |
-
1999
- 1999-06-12 DE DE19926887A patent/DE19926887A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-05-24 SG SG200003281A patent/SG87894A1/en unknown
- 2000-05-30 EP EP00111000A patent/EP1061158B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-30 DE DE50006039T patent/DE50006039D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-30 ES ES00111000T patent/ES2219223T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-30 AT AT00111000T patent/ATE264412T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-06-05 TW TW089110922A patent/TW539774B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-06-05 US US09/587,309 patent/US6224740B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-06-09 CA CA002311042A patent/CA2311042A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-06-09 ZA ZA200002914A patent/ZA200002914B/xx unknown
- 2000-06-09 NO NO20002992A patent/NO20002992L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-06-09 JP JP2000174114A patent/JP2001029956A/ja active Pending
- 2000-06-10 KR KR1020000031930A patent/KR20010049521A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2000-06-12 BR BR0002624-7A patent/BR0002624A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-06-12 CN CN00118182A patent/CN1277269A/zh active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8377284B2 (en) | 2001-10-09 | 2013-02-19 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Method of recycling process gas in electrochemical processes |
| US7105460B2 (en) | 2002-07-11 | 2006-09-12 | Applied Materials | Nitrogen-free dielectric anti-reflective coating and hardmask |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19926887A1 (de) | 2000-12-14 |
| TW539774B (en) | 2003-07-01 |
| NO20002992D0 (no) | 2000-06-09 |
| EP1061158B1 (de) | 2004-04-14 |
| SG87894A1 (en) | 2002-04-16 |
| NO20002992L (no) | 2000-12-13 |
| ES2219223T3 (es) | 2004-12-01 |
| ATE264412T1 (de) | 2004-04-15 |
| BR0002624A (pt) | 2001-01-02 |
| US6224740B1 (en) | 2001-05-01 |
| CA2311042A1 (en) | 2000-12-12 |
| CN1277269A (zh) | 2000-12-20 |
| JP2001029956A (ja) | 2001-02-06 |
| DE50006039D1 (de) | 2004-05-19 |
| ZA200002914B (en) | 2000-12-12 |
| KR20010049521A (ko) | 2001-06-15 |
| EP1061158A3 (de) | 2000-12-27 |
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