EP1085961A1 - Trempe superficielle par injection de particules dans une surface fondue par un faisceau de haute energie - Google Patents

Trempe superficielle par injection de particules dans une surface fondue par un faisceau de haute energie

Info

Publication number
EP1085961A1
EP1085961A1 EP99927034A EP99927034A EP1085961A1 EP 1085961 A1 EP1085961 A1 EP 1085961A1 EP 99927034 A EP99927034 A EP 99927034A EP 99927034 A EP99927034 A EP 99927034A EP 1085961 A1 EP1085961 A1 EP 1085961A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
additive
surface layer
matrix material
machining
chrome
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99927034A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Carl BERGSTRÖM
Paavo Rahkola
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Duroc AB
Original Assignee
Duroc AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Duroc AB filed Critical Duroc AB
Publication of EP1085961A1 publication Critical patent/EP1085961A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06—Surface hardening
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
    • C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/20—Tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic materials other than metals or composite materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C21D2221/01—End parts (e.g. leading, trailing end)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2251/00—Treating composite or clad material
    • C21D2251/04—Welded or brazed overlays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for treatment of functional surfaces, i e surfaces determining tolerance and position accuracy, on metal objects.
  • the chrome nitrides lead to a hardening of the surface but at the same time lead to a reduction of the chrome content in the base material, which is a drawback in corrosive environments such as for example during electro spark machining where the work piece /fixtures are placed in liquid.
  • the aim of the present invention is to perform treatment of function surfaces without the drawbacks of the state of the art. This is achieved according to one aspect of the invention with a method according to the preamble of this specification characterised in that the functional surfaces are obtained in that certain areas of the surface layer are melted with high energy with simultaneous supply of additives comprising wear resistance increasing material.
  • the additive also comprises corrosion resistance increasing material.
  • the additive also comprises material capable of increasing the matrix material's ability to hold the wear resistance increasing material in the surface layer.
  • the advantages with the method of the invention are several.
  • a very good metallic bonding of the hardening material in the matrix material is obtained without the rest of the matrix material being heated.
  • the method enables controlled hardening of desired surfaces with desired depth of the layer on the objects without affecting the rest of the surfaces and without the need of protecting them.
  • relatively soft matrix materials may be used, which materials, when adding only hardening material, tend to not be able to hold the hardening material, with a consequence that this is torn off, whereby the wear resistance is reduced.
  • material with a relatively high modulus of elasticity which often are relatively soft, may obtain a harder surface layer with improved wear properties, whereby a combination of properties is obtained.
  • Fig. 1 shows a method for surface treatment of a metal object comprised in the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows one way of producing functional surfaces according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows another way of producing functional surfaces
  • Fig. 4 shows a further alternative. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • a laser head 10 is shown, connected to a high power laser (not shown).
  • the laser head comprises a prism 12 arranged in a cylindrical enclosure 14 open downwards.
  • a chamber 16 is arranged also this with an opening 18 downwards.
  • a first connection 20 is arranged to the chamber for supply of material, hereafter named additive.
  • a second connection 22 is also arranged to the chamber for supply of protective gas.
  • a laser beam 24 is transmitted through the enclosure and is refracted in the prism whereby a concentrated area of the material of an article 26, hereafter named matrix material, is heated over the melting point.
  • matrix material a suitable additive 28 is supplied to the chamber, which falls down through the opening 18 and is supplied to the smelt, and also protective gas 30.
  • the laser head is moved continuously over the surface to be treated, often in the form of bands 32.
  • the molten area solidifies, whereby a very good metallic and homogenous bonding between the additive and the matrix material is obtained in a surface layer 34, where the additive is arranged as evenly distributed particles in the surface layer. Because a very local and quick heating is provided, other areas of the matrix material are not affected, only the heated zone.
  • Fig. 1 and 2 is shown an example of how the method according to the invention may be employed for producing reference surfaces, i e surfaces acting as fixating points for positioning of work pieces in relation to tools, measuring equipment and the like, which surfaces must have a certain tolerance that may not be altered after repeated use of machines, fixtures and the like.
  • the reference surfaces are often formed as two- or three-dimensional bodies in order to function as reference in several axes.
  • a metal article 26 is provided with ledges or protrusions produced before-hand, during for example casting of the article or after cutting machining.
  • the surfaces on these ledges 38, 40 are surface treated according to the above described method whereby a surface layer 32 is melted and provided with a wear resistance increasing additive.
  • a clamping part 42 is also shown, intended to fit together with the ledge 36.
  • the clamping part is also treated with the above method on suitable surfaces 44.
  • the clamping part may also comprise details 46 with untreated surfaces with a certain flexibility in the construction in order to provide accurate positioning between the fixture and the clamping part.
  • Fig. 3 shows a variant of the production of ledges and the like guides with reference surfaces.
  • the article is not pre-formed but instead suitable areas are first surface treated with the above method.
  • the thickness of the surface layer is varied at different areas with respect to the subsequent manufacture of reference surfaces by varying the power density from the laser and the feed speed.
  • a first area 50 is shown where the thickness of the surface layer is relatively small and then pass into a second area 52 with a thicker surface layer, i e larger depth of penetration.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of the manufacture of functional surfaces on a tool holder 70.
  • a pre-formed tool holder intended for a tool with a certain shape, for example an insert.
  • suitable and chosen surfaces are surface treated on the preformed holder according to the aboe method such as the seat of the insert 72 and the clamping surfaces 74 of the holder.
  • a suitable method for example such as electro spark machining, in order to obtain the right dimensions and tolerances.
  • the additives supplied may be of different kind depending on desire and functional requirements.
  • a general desire is that the wear resistance is as high as possible for the reference surfaces so that the tolerances are not lost during repeated use.
  • the additive can comprise metallic oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides or ceramics, which provide an increased hardness and wear resistance.
  • the matrix material can contain a chrome content of at least 12%.
  • a surface treatment according to above method may lead to that a part of the chrome is transferred to hardening chrome carbides, which in turn leads to a depletion of chrome in this layer, with reduced corrosion resistance as a consequence.
  • the additive may, in addition to hardening materials, also contain chrome in order to maintain the chrome content in the surface layer.
  • the matrix material cannot bind the additive, for example hardening material, to a sufficient extent, which follows that the hardening material is torn off.
  • the matrix material's ability to hold the hardening material can be increased.
  • An example are austenitic steel alloys.
  • the surface layer obtains a transfer from austenitic to austenite-ferritic, which increases the matrix material's ability to hold the hardening material.
  • the ferrite-forming materials may be chrome, molybdenum, niobium, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium and silicon.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemically Coating (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a trait à un procédé de traitement fonctionnel de surfaces, c.-à-d. de surfaces servant à déterminer une tolérance et une précision de position, mis en oeuvre sur des objets (26) en métal, ci-après appelés matière de matrice. L'invention est caractérisée par le fait que les surfaces fonctionnelles sont obtenues par une fusion de certaines zones de la couche superficielle de l'objet à l'aide de haute énergie, et par l'apport simultané d'un additif (28) comportant une matière augmentant la résistance à l'usure.
EP99927034A 1998-05-05 1999-05-05 Trempe superficielle par injection de particules dans une surface fondue par un faisceau de haute energie Withdrawn EP1085961A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9801580 1998-05-05
SE9801580A SE9801580L (sv) 1998-05-05 1998-05-05 Metod för behandling av ytor
PCT/SE1999/000755 WO1999056906A1 (fr) 1998-05-05 1999-05-05 Trempe superficielle par injection de particules dans une surface fondue par un faisceau de haute energie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1085961A1 true EP1085961A1 (fr) 2001-03-28

Family

ID=20411202

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99927034A Withdrawn EP1085961A1 (fr) 1998-05-05 1999-05-05 Trempe superficielle par injection de particules dans une surface fondue par un faisceau de haute energie

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1085961A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4403099A (fr)
SE (1) SE9801580L (fr)
WO (1) WO1999056906A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108149243A (zh) * 2017-12-22 2018-06-12 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 一种集束电极电火花沉积修复与再制造方法及装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008003871A1 (de) * 2008-01-08 2009-07-09 Volkswagen Ag Blechhalbzeuge und Verfahren zum Veredeln von Blechhalbzeugen mit Hilfe von Laserstrahlverfahren
RU2411111C2 (ru) * 2009-02-27 2011-02-10 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Государственный космический научно-производственный центр имени М.В. Хруничева" (ФГУП "ГКНПЦ им.М.В.Хруничева") Способ анодно-динамического упрочнения детали из токопроводящего материала
DE102015225813A1 (de) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-22 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Beschichten einer Oberfläche mit Molybdän
RU2650665C1 (ru) * 2017-05-18 2018-04-16 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт материаловедения Хабаровского научного центра Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук Способ электроискрового нанесения покрытия свободными электродами-гранулами
RU2718017C1 (ru) * 2019-08-27 2020-03-30 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский государственный аграрный университет" (ФГБОУ ВО Казанский ГАУ) Комбинированный способ упрочнения металлических поверхностей деталей машин, работающих в условиях абразивного изнашивания
CN112522698B (zh) * 2020-11-26 2023-04-25 江苏科技大学 一种超声振动辅助激光熔覆钨钽铌合金装置及方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US4299860A (en) * 1980-09-08 1981-11-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Surface hardening by particle injection into laser melted surface
JPS62227095A (ja) * 1986-03-28 1987-10-06 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 磁気目盛の製造方法
DE4130207A1 (de) * 1991-09-11 1993-03-25 Ind Tech Res Inst Verfahren zum erzeugen eines metallischen ueberzugs auf einer einspritz-, extrusions- o. dgl. -schraube oder -schnecke

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9956906A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108149243A (zh) * 2017-12-22 2018-06-12 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 一种集束电极电火花沉积修复与再制造方法及装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9801580L (sv) 1999-11-06
AU4403099A (en) 1999-11-23
WO1999056906A1 (fr) 1999-11-11
SE9801580D0 (sv) 1998-05-05

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