EP1088611A1 - Garnissage de protection pour une auge de machine de coulée - Google Patents

Garnissage de protection pour une auge de machine de coulée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1088611A1
EP1088611A1 EP00308535A EP00308535A EP1088611A1 EP 1088611 A1 EP1088611 A1 EP 1088611A1 EP 00308535 A EP00308535 A EP 00308535A EP 00308535 A EP00308535 A EP 00308535A EP 1088611 A1 EP1088611 A1 EP 1088611A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
molten metal
trough
housing
lining
communication
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00308535A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gregory K. Qualizza
Robert G. Peting
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Amsted Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Amsted Industries Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Amsted Industries Inc filed Critical Amsted Industries Inc
Publication of EP1088611A1 publication Critical patent/EP1088611A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
    • B22D35/04—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
    • B22D13/10—Accessories for centrifugal casting apparatus, e.g. moulds, linings therefor, means for feeding molten metal, cleansing moulds, removing castings
    • B22D13/107—Means for feeding molten metal

Definitions

  • the present invention provides a pouring spout for a casting operation. More specifically, a liner for a pouring spout trough is provided to minimize erosion, abrasion and expansion of the pouring spout from the heat of the molten metal.
  • the pouring spout for a centrifugal casting machine may be broadly characterized as an elongate and u-shaped trough.
  • the trough provides a channel for transfer of a molten metal between a holding vessel, such as a ladle, tundish or holding furnace.
  • a holding vessel such as a ladle, tundish or holding furnace.
  • the operating temperatures will generally be less than 1000°F.
  • high-melting temperature metals such as iron and steel, the temperatures can be expected to be 2500°F. and higher.
  • refractory materials which may include calcium oxides, magnesium oxides, alumina and silica or combinations of these refractories. This is reflected in the refractory brick linings of reaction vessels for iron and steel manufacture, as well as the transfer ladles and the runners for transfer to the ladles.
  • the refractory brick will accommodate the elevated temperatures of the molten metals, the transfer of molten metal, especially at higher temperatures, induces erosion and abrasion on the transfer surface, that is the refractory brick.
  • the runner troughs in a blast furnace cast-house are lined with a graphite clay for wear and heat tolerance.
  • the troughs are reworked, patched and rebuilt to an acceptable clay depth after each cast to avoid iron breakouts and wear of the underlying refractory brick.
  • molten metal may be directly poured from a ladle into a mold.
  • a runner may extend between a pouring spout or tundish to a mold, which runner transfers the molten metal from a tundish or spout to the mold.
  • This may be the technique chosen to allow a smoother or more even metal flow rate between the molten metal source and the mold to provide a more controlled pouring cycle.
  • An example of this requisite for a smoother metal flow is the metal transfer between the pouring spout and the casting mold during centrifugal casting as in the Delavaud process or the horizontal axis centrifugal process.
  • a horizontal mold in a centrifugal casting process is placed on rollers for rotation about its central axis.
  • a pouring spout is positioned at one end of the mold, which may be a cylinder, to receive molten metal and, a runner or trough extends from the spout into the mold generally along the central axis.
  • Molten metal is transferred to the pouring spout by a ladle or other means and flows into the runner or trough for delivery to the mold along the central axis.
  • the trough is provided with a clay liner generally conforming to the trough shape. However, this clay liner wears during the pouring-transfer of the molten metal to the mold, and must be rebuilt or reconditioned after each cast or casting cycle.
  • the present invention provides a trough liner for a trough shell of a casting process.
  • This trough is utilized to communicate molten metal between a transfer or holding device, such as a hot-metal ladle or pouring spout, to a mold.
  • the trough liner is a long-wearing and heat-tolerant material with a carbon or graphite and graphite fiber structure to tolerate the transfer of molten metal along its surface with a minimal amount of abrasion and erosion.
  • This trough liner may be utilized for a plurality of casts or heats within a casting cycle before it must be refurbished or replaced.
  • the trough liner is preformed to conform to the shape and length of the trough.
  • the preformed liner may be nested in the trough and secured in position by an accompanying hold-down clip.
  • This arrangement provides for rapid preparation of a trough, minimizes maintenance as the trough material is longer wearing than present lining materials, and it increases the production rate by avoiding unnecessary trough maintenance.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a horizontal, centrifugal casting apparatus 10 with mold 12, pouring spout 14, drive motor 16 and rollers 18.
  • Mold 12 is shown as an elongate cylinder with first end 20, second end 22 and longitudinal axis 24.
  • rollers or roller bearings 18 are secured in trunions 26 for rotation therein, and mold 12 is rotatable about longitudinal axis 24 during the casting process.
  • Pouring spout 14 is shown in Figures 1 and 2 as a holding pot or tundish-like apparatus for retention of molten metal, although it may only act as a spout or it may be a ladle with a pouring spout. This particular structure is merely exemplary and not a limitation.
  • FIG. 2 The longitudinal cross-sectional illustration of Figure 2 shows a horizontal, centrifugal casting apparatus 10 with pouring trough 26 extending into mold cavity 28.
  • Trough first end 30 with connecting flange 36 is coupled to pouring spout 14, which flange 36 is noted in Figure 3.
  • Trough second end 32 extends into mold cavity 28 in proximity to mold second end 22.
  • hot-metal ladle 34 is in a tilted, pouring position above spout 14, which is indicative of molten metal transfer into spout 14 during a casting operation.
  • the molten metal is transferred or flows from spout 14, down trough 26 into cavity 28.
  • mold 12 is simultaneously being rotated for even distribution of the metal within cavity 28 to form a cast article with relatively uniform dimensional and mechanical characteristics.
  • Pouring trough 26 has a u-shaped channel 40 as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5.
  • centrifugal casting practice is frequently utilized for high-temperature metals such as cast iron, steel and alloy materials, and troughs 26 are frequently formed from similar materials, such as cast iron.
  • pouring troughs 26 are exposed to flowing molten metals at elevated temperatures. Flowing molten materials frequently abrade and erode the surfaces of trough 26.
  • a smooth trough surface 38 is desired to promote the smooth flow of metal into cavity 28 to produce a smooth or uniform cast product.
  • the desirable smooth flow characteristic of channel 40 would also enhance control of the molten metal feed rate.
  • Enhancement of smooth metal flow through channel 40 is promoted by the application of a protective coating, such as coating 42 in Figure 5.
  • a protective coating such as coating 42 in Figure 5.
  • this trough liner 42 was a pressed or molded clay, which was hand-applied to and conformed to the shape of channel 40 prior to the introduction of the molten metal.
  • a slurry or suspension material frequently referred to as 'blackening', was brushed or otherwise applied to the clay liner material.
  • This slurry is generally reapplied to the clay liner after every other heat of molten metal to preserve the liner surface integrity, but the slurry coating may be applied more often or as needed.
  • the blackening or clay liner are known to have a prolonged wear life.
  • preformed liner 44 may be provided from a pressed graphite material or a combination of graphite and graphite fiber pressed into preformed liner 44. In this configuration, liner 44 may be nested in channel 40 against surface 38 with little or no preparation of underlying trough surface 38.
  • Nozzle end 48 of liner 44 is arced or curved to inhibit back flow of molten metal from mold 12, which would interfere with a smooth flow rate of molten metal.
  • Graphite liner 44 can be formed or machined to accommodate arced nozzle end 48.
  • Clip 46 in Figure 5 may be used to secure liner 44 in channel 40.
  • rectangular bar 49 in Figure 5A has through-bore 51 to receive a shoulder bolt 53.
  • Bolt 53 is matable in threaded passage 55 of trough wall 57, as shown in Figure 5.
  • clip 46 may be secured to trough 26 by bolt 53, rotated into position over liner 44 and securely anchored in position to maintain liner 44 in trough channel 40.
  • straps 59 and clips 61 which are illustrated in Figure 5B, may be used to secure liner 44 in channel 40 by wrapping strap 59 around trough 26 and anchoring the ends of strap 59 with clip 61. Similar strap and clip arrangements are known in the industry and are frequently utilized for banding heavy metal packages and steel coils.
  • Graphite liner 44 is known to be less susceptible to wear, erosion and abrasion as evidenced by the use of graphite in molds for the bottom pressure casting of steel railroad wheels and, as the base or floor for vertical furnaces and electric arc furnaces for the manufacture of iron and steel. In fact, it is expected that use of a preformed graphite liner 44 would permit operation of an eight-hour shift in a plant operation without need to rebuild or redress trough liner 44, which is in contrast to the present operating characteristic requiring redressing after every other heat or approximately every forty minutes of metal teeming. This would eliminate the necessity of maintaining a readily available supply of patching material to redress a worn clay liner 42 after each cast cycle.
  • improved and preformed liners 44 would remove an individual from the potentially dangerous exposure to residual molten metal in the liner and the elevated temperatures from trough 26 and clay liner 42 as well as the surrounding environment. This latter condition would result from the reduced frequency of requisite liner maintenance from erosion, abrasion or spalling, which is the cracking or flaking of particles out of a surface. Further, spalling may occur during the flow of molten material over the liner surface, which would potentially transfer tramp material, clay, to the molten metal and the cast product. This latter condition would possibly generate an inclusion in the cast metal structure, or such a spall could create a pore in liner 42 to underlying wall surface 38 of trough 26. Direct exposure of wall surface 38 to molten metals, such as cast iron above 2400°F. can heat wall surface 38 and cause expansion of trough 26.
  • molten metals such as cast iron above 2400°F.
  • centrifugal mold assembly 10 is operable to produce a cast article.
  • centrifugal mold 12 rotates in its carriage assembly on bearing rollers 18 to receive molten iron for the production of cast iron pipe (not shown).
  • This casting practice is known in the art and industry for the production of pipe and other articles.
  • the centrifugal casting method is often utilized to produce cast-iron pipe as the molten metal will uniformly distribute itself along the length of mold 12. Further, this casting technique permits the casting of pipe ends in mold 12.
  • trough 26 is susceptible to wear and erosion from the transfer of molten cast-iron on trough surface 38.
  • Maintenance of trough 38 and a smooth trough surface have been an ongoing industry practice for safety and productivity. Therefore, it has been the historical practice to provide a clay or clay like material on surface 38 to inhibit erosion and to minimize heat transfer to surface 38, which heat transfer can lead to wall growth or thermal expansion of surface 38.
  • the centrifugal casting technique requires a constant and preferably smooth flow rate of molten metal, which flow rate is more easily controlled when the rate is constant. The constant flow rate is promoted by a smooth surface on trough 38 or lining 45.
  • trough 44 in Figure 6 is illustrated as a continuous solid length form, it is considered that trough liner 44 could be provided by a plurality of segments, as shown in Figure 6A.
  • the exact number of segments would be dependent upon the operator, but it is considered that such multiple segments would ease replacement of liner 44; provide for replacement of a small segment in the event of early failure of such segment; would ease storage and handling of the various segments; and, would provide for minimal inventory carrying costs by maintaining a plurality of smaller, similar-sized straight segments which are interchangeable. Further, it is expected that such smaller segments would be less expensive and easier to produce by a supplier.
  • Preformed liner 44 may be produced from a graphite or a graphite- graphite fiber material.
  • liner 44 may be manufactured from a reinforced carbon-carbon material available from various suppliers, such as the MER Corporation of Arlington, Arizona. This material is expected to provide increased wear against hot metal erosion.
  • Liner materials generally are known to inhibit heat transfer to the underlying surface 38 for the inhibition of thermal expansion, but the machined or formed graphite liner reduces associated spalling of a coating, such as paste-like, clay-liner material 42.
  • the known wear, wear rate or erosion of uncoated troughs 38 or troughs with clay liners 42 is considered to be an inhibition to smooth manufacturing processes.
  • Graphite molds are utilized for steel castings with nominal repair and replacement, and a similar use of graphite liners for trough liners can be expected to reduce the wear rate of trough liners 44, which would minimize the exposure of operators to troughs 26 at elevated temperatures. Reduction of the frequency of repair and replacement of mold linings, such as clay liner 42, provides reduced maintenance costs and improved operating efficiencies by reducing the frequency of replacement of liners for trough 26 in a casting machine.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
EP00308535A 1999-09-28 2000-09-28 Garnissage de protection pour une auge de machine de coulée Withdrawn EP1088611A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US40692799A 1999-09-28 1999-09-28
US406927 1999-09-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1088611A1 true EP1088611A1 (fr) 2001-04-04

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EP00308535A Withdrawn EP1088611A1 (fr) 1999-09-28 2000-09-28 Garnissage de protection pour une auge de machine de coulée

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP1088611A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001113350A (fr)
AU (1) AU5945600A (fr)
CA (1) CA2319983A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111069557A (zh) * 2019-12-24 2020-04-28 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 离心辊外层浇注系统及其制造方法
CN114082903A (zh) * 2021-10-29 2022-02-25 重庆钢铁股份有限公司 一种铸铁机出铁口及其使用方法、更换方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7333435B1 (ja) 2022-02-18 2023-08-24 本田技研工業株式会社 注湯装置及びその製造方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB318465A (en) * 1928-06-16 1929-09-05 Alti Forni Fonderie Acciaieria Apparatus for the centrifugal casting of hollow metal bodies
US1776548A (en) * 1927-10-26 1930-09-23 Ferric Engineering Company Trough
US1776540A (en) * 1927-02-24 1930-09-23 Ferric Engineering Company Rotary casting apparatus
EP0076577A1 (fr) * 1981-09-19 1983-04-13 Foseco Trading A.G. Chenal de transfert pour métaux en fusion
DE19542367A1 (de) * 1995-11-14 1997-05-15 Feuerfest Technik M B H Ges Metallurgisches Gefäß und Verfahren zur Herstellung oder Reparatur desselben sowie Platte hierfür

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1776540A (en) * 1927-02-24 1930-09-23 Ferric Engineering Company Rotary casting apparatus
US1776548A (en) * 1927-10-26 1930-09-23 Ferric Engineering Company Trough
GB318465A (en) * 1928-06-16 1929-09-05 Alti Forni Fonderie Acciaieria Apparatus for the centrifugal casting of hollow metal bodies
EP0076577A1 (fr) * 1981-09-19 1983-04-13 Foseco Trading A.G. Chenal de transfert pour métaux en fusion
DE19542367A1 (de) * 1995-11-14 1997-05-15 Feuerfest Technik M B H Ges Metallurgisches Gefäß und Verfahren zur Herstellung oder Reparatur desselben sowie Platte hierfür

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111069557A (zh) * 2019-12-24 2020-04-28 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 离心辊外层浇注系统及其制造方法
CN111069557B (zh) * 2019-12-24 2022-06-17 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 离心辊外层浇注系统及其制造方法
CN114082903A (zh) * 2021-10-29 2022-02-25 重庆钢铁股份有限公司 一种铸铁机出铁口及其使用方法、更换方法

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Publication number Publication date
CA2319983A1 (fr) 2001-03-28
JP2001113350A (ja) 2001-04-24
AU5945600A (en) 2001-03-29

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