EP1108593A2 - Réservoir de carburant avec une barrière imperméable - Google Patents

Réservoir de carburant avec une barrière imperméable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1108593A2
EP1108593A2 EP00204505A EP00204505A EP1108593A2 EP 1108593 A2 EP1108593 A2 EP 1108593A2 EP 00204505 A EP00204505 A EP 00204505A EP 00204505 A EP00204505 A EP 00204505A EP 1108593 A2 EP1108593 A2 EP 1108593A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
fuel
permeation barrier
fuel tank
fuel permeation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00204505A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1108593A3 (fr
Inventor
Ismat A. Abu-Isa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delphi Technologies Inc
Original Assignee
Delphi Technologies Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delphi Technologies Inc filed Critical Delphi Technologies Inc
Publication of EP1108593A2 publication Critical patent/EP1108593A2/fr
Publication of EP1108593A3 publication Critical patent/EP1108593A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/04—Polyethylene
    • B32B2323/043—HDPE, i.e. high density polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2329/00—Polyvinylalcohols, polyvinylethers, polyvinylaldehydes, polyvinylketones or polyvinylketals
    • B32B2329/04—Polyvinylalcohol
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
    • B32B2439/40—Closed containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03177—Fuel tanks made of non-metallic material, e.g. plastics, or of a combination of non-metallic and metallic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03032—Manufacturing of fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03046—Manufacturing of fuel tanks made from more than one layer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to fuel tanks for vehicles and, more particularly, to a fuel permeation barrier fuel tank for a vehicle.
  • a fuel tank such as a plastic fuel tank in a vehicle to hold fuel to be used by an engine of the vehicle.
  • the plastic fuel tank has a fuel permeation barrier made of an ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer. While EVOH is effective against permeation of pure hydrocarbon fuels, it has a high permeability when used with alcohol containing fuels.
  • EVOH ethylene vinyl alcohol
  • the present invention is a fuel permeation barrier fuel tank for a vehicle including a tank shell having a wall formed from a plurality of layers.
  • the layers include at least an inner layer, an outer layer and a fuel permeation barrier layer between the inner layer and the outer layer and being made of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) material.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • a fuel permeation barrier fuel tank is provided for a vehicle that has a more effective fuel permeation barrier leading to less evaporative emissions.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that the fuel permeation barrier fuel tank uses polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as the material for the barrier layer, which is much less expensive than EVOH, resulting in cost savings of the fuel tank.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • Yet another advantage of the present invention is that the fuel permeation barrier fuel tank significantly improves barrier properties and lowers cost of the fuel tank.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a fuel permeation barrier fuel tank, according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a table of material properties before and after exposure to fuels at 40 o C.
  • the fuel permeation barrier fuel tank 10 includes a tank shell 12.
  • the tank shell 12 is of a generally rectangular type.
  • the tank shell 12 includes a first or lower half shell 14 and a second or upper half shell 16.
  • the lower half shell 14 has a base wall 18 and a side wall 20 around a periphery of the base wall 18 and extending generally perpendicular thereto.
  • the side wall 20 has a flange 22 extending outwardly and generally perpendicular thereto.
  • the upper half shell 16 has a base wall 24 and a side wall 26 around a periphery of the base wall 24 and extending generally perpendicular thereto.
  • the side wall 26 has a flange 28 extending outwardly and generally perpendicular thereto.
  • the flanges 22 and 28 of the lower half shell 14 and upper half shell 16, respectively, are joined together to form a seam by suitable means such as by thermoforming, compression molding or friction welding.
  • the lower half shell 14 and upper half shell 16 are made of a rigid material such as thermoformable plastic.
  • the fuel permeation barrier fuel tank 10 has the base walls 18,24, side walls 20,26, and flanges 22,28 formed from a plurality of layers 30,32,34,36,38,40.
  • the first or inner layer 30 is made from a thermoformable polymer such as a high density polyethylene (HDPE) or similar polyolefin, which is a conventional material known in the art.
  • the first layer 30 has a predetermined thickness of approximately two millimeters (2.00 mm).
  • the first layer 30 also has a predetermined percentage of the material weight such as approximately 42%.
  • the second layer 32 is made from an adhesive such as maleated polyethylene (ADMER Grade GT6A), which is a conventional material known in the art.
  • the second layer 32 has a predetermined thickness of approximately 0.07 mm.
  • the second layer 32 also has a predetermined percentage of the material weight such as approximately 1.5%.
  • the third layer 34 is a barrier layer made from a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is a conventional material known in the art.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the third layer 34 has a predetermined thickness of approximately 0.11 mm.
  • the third layer 34 also has a predetermined percentage of the material weight such as approximately 3.0%.
  • the fourth layer 36 is made from an adhesive such as maleated polyethylene (ADMER Grade GT6A), which is a conventional material known in the art.
  • the fourth layer 36 has a predetermined thickness of approximately 0.07 mm.
  • the fourth layer 36 also has a predetermined percentage of the material weight such as approximately 1.5%.
  • the fifth layer 38 is made from a one hundred percent (100%) regrind of a high density polyethylene (HDPE), which is a conventional material known in the art.
  • the fifth layer 38 has a predetermined thickness of approximately 1.5 mm.
  • the fifth layer 38 also has a predetermined percentage of the material weight such as approximately 32%.
  • the sixth or outer layer 40 is made from a thermoformable polymer such as a high density polyethylene (HDPE) or similar polyolefin, which is a conventional material known in the art.
  • the sixth layer 40 has a predetermined thickness of approximately one millimeter (1.00 mm).
  • the sixth layer 40 also has a predetermined percentage of the material weight such as approximately 20%. It should be appreciated that the layers 30,32,34,36,38,40 have a total thickness of approximately 4.75 mm.
  • the fuel permeation barrier fuel tank 10 is formed by a conventional thermoforming process wherein the layers 30,32,34,36,38,40 can be thermoformed as a coextruded sheet by heat and pressure.
  • the fuel permeation barrier fuel tank 10 is formed by a conventional extrusion process wherein the third layer 34 is extruded as a separate layer that can be incorporated into the multi-layer structure. It should be appreciated that two fuel barrier layers may be used for enhanced permeation barrier properties by using PET as a second barrier to retard methanol permeation and use EVOH as the first barrier to retard hydrocarbon fuel permeation in the fuel tank 10.
  • FIG. 3 a table of permeability constant and mechanical properties of HDPE, EVOH, and PET before and after exposure to fuels is shown.
  • the table shows permeation properties and loss of mechanical properties when HDPE and EVOH is exposed to various fuels, and compares the effects to those experienced by the barrier material PET.
  • the permeability of EVOH to pure hydrocarbon is extremely low. For this fuel, EVOH is one of the most effective barriers. However, when alcohol is introduced into the fuel, the permeability of EVOH is compromised as illustrated in the table.
  • Permeability constant of EVOH in pure gasoline is 0.006 g-mil/100 sq. in-day.
  • the permeability constant jumps to 22 and 52 g-mil/100 sq. in-day, respectively.
  • the tensile modulus of EVOH drops from a value of 360 for as received sample to 47 kPSI after exposure to the fuel/methanol blend.
  • 74% of the yield strength of EVOH drops is lost after exposure to 85/15 Fuel C/methanol blend.
  • the PET has a permeability constant of 7.5 in a fuel containing 15% methanol. Its tensile modulus drops from a value of 168 (kPSI) to 106 (kPSI) after exposure to 85/15 Fuel C/methanol blend. It should be appreciated that a similar trend is also observed for the yield strength of PET, which drops only to 51% of its original value after exposure to 85/15 Fuel C/methanol blend.
  • PET is a very effective material for preventing permeation of hydrocarbon fuels and fuels containing alcohol.
  • the PET provides acceptable permeation barrier characteristics when used in a fuel tank containing pure hydrocarbon fuels and is superior to EVOH in fuels containing alcohol.
  • PET and EVOH can both be used as fuel barrier layers in a multi-layer plastic fuel tank to minimize permeation of hydrocarbon fuels and methanol containing fuels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP00204505A 1999-12-18 2000-12-14 Réservoir de carburant avec une barrière imperméable Withdrawn EP1108593A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17256899P 1999-12-18 1999-12-18
US172568 1999-12-18
US65401400A 2000-09-01 2000-09-01
US654014 2000-09-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1108593A2 true EP1108593A2 (fr) 2001-06-20
EP1108593A3 EP1108593A3 (fr) 2003-10-15

Family

ID=26868231

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00204505A Withdrawn EP1108593A3 (fr) 1999-12-18 2000-12-14 Réservoir de carburant avec une barrière imperméable

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP1108593A3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015095473A1 (fr) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Structures polymères à base de furane formant barrière aux combustibles hydrocarbonés

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5049449A (en) * 1988-01-28 1991-09-17 Ofstein David E Increased regrind usage in coextruded structures
US4873137A (en) * 1988-06-02 1989-10-10 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Food tray
DE4337491A1 (de) * 1993-11-03 1995-05-04 Kautex Werke Gmbh Im Co-Extrusions-Blasverfahren hergestellter Behälter
US5866819A (en) * 1997-08-12 1999-02-02 Walbro Corporation Ultrasonic thickness measurement of multilayer structures

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015095473A1 (fr) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Structures polymères à base de furane formant barrière aux combustibles hydrocarbonés
CN105848891A (zh) * 2013-12-20 2016-08-10 纳幕尔杜邦公司 基于呋喃的聚合烃燃料阻隔结构

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Publication number Publication date
EP1108593A3 (fr) 2003-10-15

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