Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
  • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
  • E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
  • E06B3/6722—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light with adjustable passage of light
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
  • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
  • A01G9/1469—Greenhouses with double or multiple walls
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
  • A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
  • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
  • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
  • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
  • Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping

Definitions

• the present invention relates to glazing.
• the enclosures closed by transparent glazing receive strong solar charges, especially in summer. This is particularly the case for the passenger compartment of a vehicle but also for horticultural greenhouses and housing walls exposed to the South or from East to West.
• the temperature inside the enclosure increases and becomes too high for the objects or plants which are placed there or for the people who are there or who are led to enter it. It is known to partially remedy this drawback by tinting the glass pane so that a fraction of the solar charge is reflected, without however affecting the transparency and visibility outside the vehicle for passengers.
• Double-glazed windows are also known, the interior space of which is filled with a gas having a low thermal conductivity at relatively low pressure. It is thus possible to substantially reduce the transmission of heat by convection.
• US Patent 4,928,448 describes such a device.
• the thermal insulation thus obtained does not, however, prevent the solar charge transmitted by radiation.
• Double-glazed windows are also known. Depending on the amount of sunshine, an insulating liquid is introduced between the walls or the inter-wall space is emptied of the liquid it contains.
• US Patent 5,787,652 describes such a vehicle window. The radiated heat is absorbed by the insulating liquid which transmits it by conduction and by convection inside the vehicle.
• the object of the present invention is to solve the problem posed by limiting the effects of radiated solar charges, in particular in the case of a stationary vehicle when the air conditioning no longer works.
• the present invention also aims to remedy the problem posed without affecting the transparency of the glazing.
• the glazing according to the invention has a variable absorbing power. It has two transparent walls, notably made of glass. Other transparent materials than glass could also be envisaged, in particular synthetic plastics. These two walls provide inter-wall space. This contains as appropriate,
• the transparency of the glazing in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum is not affected and the glazing transmits most of the solar charge that it receives.
• the glazing absorbs most of the solar energy it receives, while remaining transparent in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
• water in the liquid state has the property of transparency, especially when it is in a thin layer in thicknesses of 1 to 2 millimeters.
• Water in liquid state also has properties close to those of a black body absorbing solar radiation.
• Water in a thin layer liquid state does not constitute an obstacle to transparency and, moreover, the thin thickness of the inter-wall space blocks convective movements.
• the glazing in this second case, is therefore a radiant screen.
• the glazing comprises an energy evacuation circuit located at its periphery.
• the energy evacuation circuit located at the periphery of the glazing is a heat-exchanger, in the form of a bead.
• the second solar energy absorbing fluid is under its vapor pressure. It vaporizes and condenses in the free volume inside the bead.
• the heat energy absorbed by said second insulating fluid (within the meaning of the present description the term insulating fluid designates an absorbent fluid or liquid) is thus dissipated at the periphery of the glazing towards the outside.
• the exchange surface is calculated so as to evacuate the heat to the outside, by convection and conduction.
• the glazing is therefore well suited for a stationary vehicle receiving a high solar charge.
• the air conditioning no longer works since the engine is stopped, the temperature inside the vehicle remains moderate.
• the passenger who then enters his vehicle no longer has to wait for the air conditioning to return to nominal operation to feel the well-being of a moderate temperature. It may nevertheless be that the driver considers that the water screen in the liquid state affects his visibility and that he prefers to drive his vehicle while benefiting from the maximum visibility, that obtained in the case where the filling fluid of the The inter-wall space is air or the second fluid under its vapor pressure.
• the effect of the solar charge is then compensated by the air conditioning that the starting of the engine made it possible to start.
• the glazing further comprises means for filling or emptying the interwall space to fill said space with said second solar-absorbing fluid or, as the case may be, to empty said space of said second fluid and substitute said first fluid for it.
• the glazing according to the invention is such that the periphery of the glazing comprises an expansion volume to absorb the expansions of the second fluid as a function of the temperature.
• This expansion volume can in particular be achieved by means of a free volume at the inside of the bead located at the top of the glazing.
• the thickness of the inter-wall space is greater than or equal to one millimeter and less than or equal to 2 millimeters. Such a thickness is high enough for water in the liquid state to act with the properties of a black body, it is low enough to block convective movements.
• the glazing according to the present invention can be applied to the thermal preconditioning of the passenger compartment of a vehicle, to the production of windows in living quarters, to the production of greenhouses.
• Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description of alternative embodiments of the invention, given by way of non-limiting example, and from:
• Figure 1 which shows the diagram of the entire structure of a motor vehicle equipped with glass double wall blade water, Figure 1 also shows an alternative embodiment of a filling system and emptying of the inter-wall space,
• - Figure 2 which shows an enlarged sectional view of the front glazing of the vehicle by a vertical plane A - A, in the case where the liquid absorbing the heat energy is in the presence of air
• - Figure 3 which represents a view in enlarged section of the front glazing of the vehicle by a vertical plane A - A, in the case where the liquid absorbing the heat energy is under its vapor pressure.
• the glazing 1 has a variable absorbing power. It includes two transparent walls 2, 3 made of glass. These two walls provide an inter-wall space 4 with a thickness of 1 to 2 millimeters. This contains as appropriate,
• a first transparent fluid in particular a gas such as air, transmitting solar energy in the wavelength bands of transparency of said walls
• a second transparent fluid 5 in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum absorbing solar energy over a very large part of the spectrum, in particular water in the liquid state or water in the liquid state added to 'alcohol.
• the second fluid 5 is water in the presence of air, in this case the first fluid is air.
• the second fluid 5 is water under its vapor pressure, in this case the first fluid 5 is water vapor under low pressure typically 0.04 bar abs. at 30 ° C (which corresponds to the saturated vapor pressure or water vapor pressure).
• the inter-wall space (4) When the inter-wall space (4) is filled with air or water vapor under its vapor pressure, the transparency of the glazing is not affected and the glazing transmits most of the solar charge which it receives .
• the glazing absorbs most of the solar energy it receives, while remaining transparent in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
• the glazing 1 is in this configuration a radiant screen. Indeed, water in the liquid state has the property of transparency when it is in a thin layer in thicknesses of 2 millimeters. Water in the liquid state also has the properties of a quasi black body absorbing solar radiation. Water in a thin layer liquid state does not constitute an obstacle to transparency in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum and, moreover, the thin thickness of the inter-wall space blocks convective movements.
• the air conditioning no longer works when the engine is stopped, the temperature inside the vehicle remains moderate.
• the passenger who then enters his vehicle no longer has to wait for the air conditioning to return to nominal operation to feel the well-being of a moderate temperature.
• the driver may consider that the water screen filling the inter-wall space 4 affects his visibility. He therefore prefers to drive his vehicle, enjoying maximum visibility. To this end, it will substitute air for the fluid in the liquid phase filling the interwall space or it will substitute this same fluid in the vapor phase. To do this, the driver starts the pump 20.
• This pump includes a set of valves making it possible to reverse the circulation of the fluids in the pipes 21c going from the pump 20 to the reservoir 22 of liquid as well as in the pipes 21a going from the pump 20 in the glazing and in particular in the pipes 21b going from the pump 20 to the glazing lb of the right front door.
• the pump sucks in the liquid which is contained in the inter-wall spaces of the glazings 1a and 1b and creates a sufficient vacuum to replace it with a vapor phase of this same liquid or to allow air to enter through line 6, after opening the valve. (not shown) placed on this pipe.
• the driver starts the pump 20 by reversing the direction of the valves (this operation can be controlled automatically by turning the ignition key).
• the pump sucks the liquid contained in the reservoir 22 and injects it, via the pipes 21a and 21b, into the inter-wall space of the glazing units la and lb.
• the glazing 1 comprises at its upper periphery a mechanical bead 8 making it possible to assemble the glazing to the frame of the vehicle. Inside this bead 8 is arranged a free expansion volume 7. Thus, the liquid 5 can expand freely as a function of the temperature.
• the glazing also has at its periphery a circuit for evacuating the heat energy absorbed by the liquid 5. This evacuation circuit energy is arranged in the mechanical bead 8. We will now describe with reference to Figure 3 the energy discharge circuit especially when the liquid 5 is under its vapor pressure.
• the inter-wall space 4 containing the liquid 5, the mechanical bead 8 at the periphery of the glazing The liquid 5 is introduced into the inter-wall space 4 at its vapor pressure.
• the vapor phase is located above the filling level 9 in the free volume 7 of the mechanical bead 8.
• the pipe 6 between the free volume 7 and the reservoir 22 is closed by a valve.
• the pump 20 is a pneumatic pump.
• the heat absorbed by the liquid 5 is evacuated by evaporation at the liquid-vapor interface 9.
• the energy evacuation circuit is composed of a heat exchanger heat pipe effect 8a located in the thickness of the upper mechanical bead 8 of the glazing.
• the vapor contained in the free volume 7 is condensed at the heat exchanger 8a.
• the heat received by the exchanger 8a during the condensation of the vapor phase can be evacuated either directly outside (in the ambient air) or by means of a circuit assisted by a pump towards an auxiliary heat exchanger. It is also possible to use an energy evacuation circuit produced by means of a mechanical bead 8 having fins on the outside.
• the exchange surface of the mechanical bead 8 is calculated so as to evacuate the heat in the atmosphere by conduction and convection. The heat energy absorbed by the fluid 5 is thus dissipated at the periphery of the glazing towards the outside.
• the air will replace the liquid sucked in by the pump 20 by entering through the pipe 6, as has been described above.
• the configuration using a double wall glazing in the interwall space of a liquid, in particular water, under its vapor pressure or in the presence of air transferring the absorbed heat to an energy evacuation circuit located at the periphery of the glazing, in particular produced in the form of a heat pipe effect exchanger, may in itself be of interest. In certain variant embodiments, it is not essential to replace the liquid filling the space with a gas or a vapor in order to improve visibility.

Landscapes

• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
• Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9530106

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (8)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 1998
  • 1998-08-31 FR FR9811048A patent/FR2782810B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1999
  • 1999-08-31 EP EP99940262A patent/EP1109986A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1999-08-31 WO PCT/FR1999/002074 patent/WO2000012857A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1999-08-31 US US09/763,816 patent/US6427394B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1999-08-31 CA CA002341585A patent/CA2341585A1/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events