EP1129802A2 - Process for controlling the pressing force for metal powder compression - Google Patents

Process for controlling the pressing force for metal powder compression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1129802A2
EP1129802A2 EP01104107A EP01104107A EP1129802A2 EP 1129802 A2 EP1129802 A2 EP 1129802A2 EP 01104107 A EP01104107 A EP 01104107A EP 01104107 A EP01104107 A EP 01104107A EP 1129802 A2 EP1129802 A2 EP 1129802A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressing force
predetermined
stamp
punch
die
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01104107A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1129802A3 (en
EP1129802B2 (en
EP1129802B1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Hinzpeter
Ulrich Zeuschner
Thomas Pannewitz
Ulf Hauschild
Klaus Peter Rüssmann
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Fette GmbH
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Fette GmbH
Wilhelm Fette GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/005—Control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing pressed parts, in particular of carbide inserts, by pressing metal powder and subsequent sintering of the compact according to claim 1.
  • compliance is one predetermined total height between insert seat and at least one cutting edge, which has a predetermined distance from the insert seat.
  • the invention has for its object a method for producing Carbide inserts by pressing and sintering the compact, in particular of indexable inserts, to create that easier than the last described is known method and nevertheless leads to excellent results.
  • the invention also begins with one predetermined amount of metal powder filled into the die hole, the Lower stamp assumes a filling position. If necessary, the First move the lower stamp to a slightly lower position, so that a slight Excess quantity is filled, after which the lower stamp is the final one Fills the filling position and with the help of the filling shoe from the die hole ejected rest is stripped. Then the upper stamp and move the lower punch into a predetermined first or second position, whereby a certain pressing force can already be applied. Is it one Pressed part, which is intended for a cutting plate with clearance angle, corresponds to the position the upper stamp at the approached second position z. B. the top of the Compacts.
  • the lower and upper stamps are adjusted further, however, in the case of a compact with a clearance angle, only the lower stamp is adjusted.
  • the pressing forces are continuous measured, whereby the infeed movement of the lower and upper stamps is ended, when the pressing force has reached a predetermined value. Even with adjustment both stamps, it may be sufficient to measure the pressing force on the lower stamp alone and to end the adjustment movement when the measured pressing force reaches the predetermined one Has reached value.
  • the predetermined value for the pressing force is determined by previous tests determined. First of all, it is determined what compaction the metal powder should be obtained in order to then be subjected to the sintering process. Then it is examined how large the filling quantity must be, so that when a predetermined pressing force reproducibly reaches a certain height of the compact becomes. Is therefore in the method according to the invention at a predetermined Pressing force switched off, then it can be assumed that the predetermined Height of the compact has been reached. This way, too certain filling fluctuations reached a predetermined density of the compact.
  • the lower stamp is adjusted and / or upper stamp from the first or second position along a predetermined Target curve for the pressing force, the target curve being the dependence of the pressing force reproduces from time. In this way it is possible to get the final one to approach the desired pressing force values in a regulating manner.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show a die 10, the bore of which forms a mold cavity 12, which is conical in cross section. With the help of such Mold cavity 12 can be formed as a compact Cutting plate, for example an indexable insert with clearance angle used becomes.
  • the upper edge of the mold cavity 12 has from the upper edge of the die 12 a distance x.
  • Above the die 12 is an upper punch 14 and below the die 10 a lower stamp 16 indicated.
  • the stamps 14, 16 are in actuated in a suitable manner, preferably with the aid of hydraulic cylinders. This are controllable (not shown) so that they exert a desired force. Moreover they can be controlled in their speed, e.g. Legs to generate the desired force-time curve.
  • the lower stamp 16 has a predetermined filling position.
  • the lower stamp 16 is also set to a predetermined one Move position, as shown in Fig. 2. Here takes place a pressing process is already taking place. Subsequently, the lower stamp 16 continues proceed until a specified pressing force has been reached.
  • the pressing force is like this dimensioned that the height of the to be molded for a given filling quantity Compacts (not shown) corresponds to the target height. Is the target height or target thickness has not yet been reached, it is necessary after sintering, the so shaped Edit plate to the desired size, e.g. B. to grind. Therefore it is too ensure that in the described method it is avoided that a compact is shaped with undersize.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 differs from that according to the figures 1 and 2 only in that the bore of the die is cylindrical. With the help cutting insert produced by the method therefore has no clearance angle. in the rest of the embodiment of Figures 3 and 4 with the same reference numerals like Figure 1 provided.
  • Line 20 in FIG. 5 indicates the upper edge of the die.
  • the thick undressed Curve 22 indicates the position profile of an upper punch and the thickly drawn Curve 24 after a lower stamp, for example the stamp 14, 16 3 and 4.
  • the solid line 26 indicates the course of the position of the filling shoe.
  • the lower stamp has the position a corresponding to the top edge of the die and the top stamp is clearly located above the top edge of the die.
  • the filling shoe is over the die, and the lower punch moves into a first filling position b, during which one The die hole is filled with hard metal powder, as indicated at 28.
  • the filling is finished at c.
  • the lower stamp moves a little up to position d, which is the final fill position, d. H.
  • the powder column in the die hole corresponds to the specified filling quantity. Perhaps Excess material above the upper edge 20 of the die is then removed from the filling shoe stripped. The filling shoe then moves to its starting position, and the upper stamp moves to position P2, while the lower stamp at the same time moves back a little to prevent the upper punch from powder material presses out of the die hole laterally. Then the upper stamp move to position P3, with the lower punch the one previously taken Still maintains position. Now the pressing process begins, with the position P4 of upper and lower stamps via a predetermined path that the stamp cover, can be started. With the help of suitable signposts it is possible to provide a precise path control for the stamp. Here takes place a more or less significant compression of the powder material is already taking place.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Punching Or Piercing (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Producing pressed parts comprises pouring a predetermined amount of metal powder into a matrix bore (12) of a press; adjusting lower (16) and upper stamps (14) of the press in a predetermined first and/or second position; further adjusting the lower stamp and optionally the upper stamp and simultaneously measuring pressing force of the lower stamp; and stopping the adjusting movement of the lower stamp and optionally the upper stamp when a predetermined value for the pressing force is reached.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Preßteilen, insbesondere von Wendeschneidplatten aus Hartmetall, durch Pressen von Metallpulver und anschliessendes Sintern des Preßlings nach dem Patentanspruch 1.The invention relates to a method for producing pressed parts, in particular of carbide inserts, by pressing metal powder and subsequent sintering of the compact according to claim 1.

Es ist bekannt, Formteile aus Hartmetall, Keramik, Sintermetall oder dergleichen mit Hilfe von Pressen herzustellen. Das pulver- bzw. granuläre Material ist so bereit zu stellen, daß bei einem angewandten Preßdruck der Preßling eine homogene Struktur bekommt und sich sintern läßt. Eine übliche Formgebung ist das sogenannte Direktpressen in entsprechend ausgeführten Preßformen oder Matrizen, denen ein Ober- und Unterstempel zugeordnet sind. Entsprechend dem jeweiligen Preßdruck ergibt sich beim Preßling eine unterschiedliche Dichte. Preßlinge mit geringerer Dichte schwinden beim Sintern jedoch stärker als Preßlinge mit höherer Dichte. Durch unterschiedlich einstellbare Preßwege für Ober- und Unterstempel wird versucht, Dichteabweichungen zu minimieren. Andererseits können unterschiedliche Dichten in der Praxis durch unterschiedliche Preßkräfte entstehen, die wiederum bei gleicher Höhe der Preßlinge, z. B. durch Füllschwankungen, die bis zu einigen Prozenten gehen, hervorgerufen werden. Erschwerend bei der Herstellung von Preßlingen, z. B. für Hartmetallschneidplatten, ist das Einhalten einer vorgegebenen Gesamthöhe zwischen Plattensitz und mindestens einer Schneidkante, die einen vorgegebenen Abstand zum Plattensitz aufweist.It is known to use molded parts made of hard metal, ceramic, sintered metal or the like with the help of presses. The powder or granular material is like this ready to provide that with an applied pressing pressure of the compact a homogeneous Gets structure and can be sintered. This is a common shape so-called direct presses in appropriately designed press molds or dies, which are assigned an upper and lower stamp. According to the respective Pressing pressure results in a different density for the compact. Compacts with However, lower densities shrink more when sintered than compacts with higher ones Density. Through differently adjustable press paths for upper and lower punches an attempt is made to minimize density deviations. On the other hand, different In practice, densities arise from different pressing forces again at the same height of the compacts, e.g. B. by filling fluctuations that up go to a few percent. Difficult to manufacture von Preßlingen, z. B. for carbide inserts, compliance is one predetermined total height between insert seat and at least one cutting edge, which has a predetermined distance from the insert seat.

Aus DE 42 09 787 ist bekannt geworden, eine möglichst gleichmäßige Dichte z. B. innerhalb einer Charge zu erreichen, indem die Preßkraft gemessen und anschließend eine Korrektur über die Füllung für die nachfolgenden Preßlinge vorgenommen wird.From DE 42 09 787 it has become known that a density as uniform as possible, for. B. to achieve within a batch by measuring the pressing force and then corrected the filling for the subsequent compacts becomes.

Aus DE 197 17 217 ist ferner bekannt geworden, abhängig von der Geometrie des Preßlings und des Ausgangsmaterials während der Kompression für einen Preßstempel ein gewünschtes Kraft-Weg-Diagramm (Sollkurve) zu ermitteln und zu speichern. Mittels eines separat betätigten Abschnitts des Preßstempels oder eines getrennten Stempels wird der Druck auf das Preßmaterial während der Kompressionsphase erhöht oder verringert, sobald eine Abweichung von der Sollkurve ermittelt wird, um am Ende der Kompressionsphase eine gleiche Dichte jedes Preßlings zu erhalten. Ein derartiges Verfahren ist jedoch nur anwendbar bei Preßlingen, bei welchen die Fläche des Preßlings im mittleren Bereich unkritisch ist. Dies gilt z. B. für die Sitzfläche, bei der es ausreicht, wenn z. B. ein umlaufender Rand einen präzisen Abstand von der Schneidkante hat, während der mittlere Bereich mehr oder weniger vertieft sein kann.From DE 197 17 217 has also become known, depending on the geometry of the Compacts and the starting material during compression for a press ram a desired force-displacement diagram (target curve) to determine and to to save. By means of a separately operated section of the press ram or one Separate stamp is the pressure on the press material during the compression phase increases or decreases as soon as a deviation from the target curve is determined to have an equal density each at the end of the compression phase To obtain compacts. However, such a method can only be used for compacts, in which the area of the compact in the central area is not critical. This applies e.g. B. for the seat, where it is sufficient if, for. B. a circumferential Edge has a precise distance from the cutting edge, while the middle Area can be more or less deepened.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schneidplatten aus Hartmetall durch Pressen und Sintern des Preßlings, insbesondere von Wendeschneidplatten, zu schaffen, das einfacher als das zuletzt beschriebene bekannte Verfahren ist und gleichwohl zu hervorragenden Ergebnissen führt.The invention has for its object a method for producing Carbide inserts by pressing and sintering the compact, in particular of indexable inserts, to create that easier than the last described is known method and nevertheless leads to excellent results.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1.

Wie beim herkömmlichen Verfahren wird auch bei der Erfindung zunächst eine vorgegebene Menge an Metallpulver in die Matrizenbohrung eingefüllt, wobei der Unterstempel hierbei eine Einfüllposition einnimmt. Gegebenenfalls wird der Unterstempel zunächst in eine etwas tiefere Position verfahren, so daß eine geringfügige Übermenge eingefüllt wird, wonach dann der Unterstempel die endgültige Einfüllposition einnimmt und mit Hilfe des Füllschuhs der aus der Matrizenbohrung ausgestoßene Rest abgestreift wird. Anschließend werden Oberstempel und Unterstempel in eine vorgegebene erste bzw. zweite Position verfahren, wobei bereits eine gewisse Preßkraft aufgebracht werden kann. Handelt es sich um einen Preßling, der für eine Schneidplatte mit Freiwinkel gedacht ist, entspricht die Lage des Oberstempels bei der angefahrenen zweiten Position z. B. der Oberkante des Preßlings. Anschließend erfolgt ein weiteres Verstellen von Unter- und Oberstempel, wobei jedoch im Falle eines Preßlings mit Freiwinkel nur der Unterstempel verstellt wird. Bei diesem Verstellvorgang werden die Preßkräfte fortlaufend gemessen, wobei die Zustellbewegung von Unter- und Oberstempel beendet wird, wenn die Preßkraft einen vorgegebenen Wert erreicht hat. Auch bei Verstellung beider Stempel kann es ausreichen, allein die Preßkraft am Unterstempel zu messen und die Verstellbewegung zu beenden, wenn die gemessene Preßkraft den vorgegebenen Wert erreicht hat.As with the conventional method, the invention also begins with one predetermined amount of metal powder filled into the die hole, the Lower stamp assumes a filling position. If necessary, the First move the lower stamp to a slightly lower position, so that a slight Excess quantity is filled, after which the lower stamp is the final one Fills the filling position and with the help of the filling shoe from the die hole ejected rest is stripped. Then the upper stamp and move the lower punch into a predetermined first or second position, whereby a certain pressing force can already be applied. Is it one Pressed part, which is intended for a cutting plate with clearance angle, corresponds to the position the upper stamp at the approached second position z. B. the top of the Compacts. Then the lower and upper stamps are adjusted further, however, in the case of a compact with a clearance angle, only the lower stamp is adjusted. In this adjustment process, the pressing forces are continuous measured, whereby the infeed movement of the lower and upper stamps is ended, when the pressing force has reached a predetermined value. Even with adjustment both stamps, it may be sufficient to measure the pressing force on the lower stamp alone and to end the adjustment movement when the measured pressing force reaches the predetermined one Has reached value.

Der vorgegebene Wert für die Preßkraft wird durch vorangehende Versuche ermittelt. Zunächst einmal wird ermittelt, welche Verdichtung das Metallpulver erhalten soll, um anschließend dem Sinterungsprozeß ausgesetzt zu werden. Dann wird untersucht, wie groß die Füllmenge sein muß, damit beim Aufbringen einer vorgegebenen Preßkraft eine bestimmte Höhe des Preßlings reproduzierbar erreicht wird. Wird daher bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bei einer vorgegebenen Preßkraft abgeschaltet, dann kann davon ausgegangen werden, daß die vorgegebene Höhe des Preßlings erreicht worden ist. Auf diese Weise wird auch bei gewissen Füllschwankungen eine vorgegebene Dichte des Preßlings erreicht. Da Füllschwankungen des Preßlings nicht gänzlich auszuschließen sind, wird vorzugsweise so verfahren, daß bei vorhandenen Toleranzen im Zweifel ein gewisses Übermaß vorliegt, wenn bei vorgegebenem Preßkraftwert abgeschaltet wird. Bei Übermaß wird der Preßling abgearbeitet, vorzugsweise durch Schleifen, um ihn auf die vorgegebene Höhe bzw. Dicke zu bringen.The predetermined value for the pressing force is determined by previous tests determined. First of all, it is determined what compaction the metal powder should be obtained in order to then be subjected to the sintering process. Then it is examined how large the filling quantity must be, so that when a predetermined pressing force reproducibly reaches a certain height of the compact becomes. Is therefore in the method according to the invention at a predetermined Pressing force switched off, then it can be assumed that the predetermined Height of the compact has been reached. This way, too certain filling fluctuations reached a predetermined density of the compact. There Fluctuations in the filling of the compact cannot be completely ruled out, is preferred proceed in such a way that, if there are tolerances, a certain one Excess is present if the pressure is switched off at a predetermined pressure value. At The compact is processed excessively, preferably by grinding, around it to bring to the specified height or thickness.

Nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung erfolgt die Verstellung von Unterstempel und/oder Oberstempel von der ersten bzw. zweiten Position entlang einer vorgegebenen Sollkurve für die Preßkraft, wobei die Sollkurve die Abhängigkeit der Preßkraft von der Zeit wiedergibt. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, sich den endgültigen erwünschten Preßkraftwerten auf regelnde Weise anzunähern.According to one embodiment of the invention, the lower stamp is adjusted and / or upper stamp from the first or second position along a predetermined Target curve for the pressing force, the target curve being the dependence of the pressing force reproduces from time. In this way it is possible to get the final one to approach the desired pressing force values in a regulating manner.

Während beim bekannten Verfahren zwar auch die Preßkraft gemessen wird, jedoch beim Anfahren einer vorgegebenen Position, um anschließend bei Preßkraftabweichungen die Füllmenge zu verändern, erfolgt bei der Erfindung eine unmittelbare Korrektur am Preßling.While the press force is also measured in the known method, however, when moving to a predetermined position, and then when there are deviations in the pressing force To change the filling amount takes place in the invention immediate correction on the compact.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert.

Fig. 1
zeigt eine Presse zum Verpressen von Metallpulver nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren und von dem eigentlichen Preßvorgang.
Fig. 2
zeigt die Presse nach Fig. 1 während des Preßvorgangs.
Fig. 3
zeigt eine abgewandelte Presse zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens oder den Preßvorgang.
Fig. 4
zeigt die Presse nach Fig. 3 während des Preßvorgangs.
Fig. 5
zeigt ein Bewegdiagramm für die Preßstempel der Presse nach den Figuren 3 und 4.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.
Fig. 1
shows a press for pressing metal powder according to the inventive method and the actual pressing process.
Fig. 2
shows the press of FIG. 1 during the pressing process.
Fig. 3
shows a modified press for performing the method according to the invention or the pressing process.
Fig. 4
shows the press of FIG. 3 during the pressing process.
Fig. 5
shows a movement diagram for the press ram of the press according to Figures 3 and 4.

In den Figuren 1 und 2 ist eine Matrize 10 dargestellt, deren Bohrung einen Formhohlraum 12 aufweist, welcher im Querschnitt konisch ist. Mit Hilfe eines derartigen Formhohlraums 12 kann ein Preßling erzeugt werden, der als eine Schneidplatte, beispielsweise eine Wendeschneidplatte mit Freiwinkel verwendet wird. Die Oberkante des Formhohlraums 12 von der Oberkante der Matrize 12 hat einen Abstand x. Oberhalb der Matrize 12 ist ein Oberstempel 14 und unterhalb der Matrize 10 ein Unterstempel 16 angedeutet. Die Stempel 14, 16 werden in geeigneter Weise betätigt, vorzugsweise mit Hilfe von Hydraulikzylindern. Diese sind so steuerbar (nicht gezeigt), daß sie eine gewünschte Kraft aufbringen. Außerdem können sie in ihrer Geschwindigkeit gesteuert werden, um z. B. eine gewünschte Kraft-Zeit-Kurve zu erzeugen. Bei der Befüllung der Matrizenbohrung hat der Unterstempel 16 eine vorgegebene Füllposition. Seine Position bestimmt die Füllmenge. Vorzugsweise ist sie zu Beginn etwas niedriger als die theoretische Füllposition für die vorgegebene Menge, damit nach dem Befüllen der Unterstempel eine gewisse Strecke nach oben fahren kann, damit der nicht gezeigte Füllschuh überschüssiges Material an der Matrizenoberseite abstreifen kann. Anschließend werden Oberstempel 14 und Unterstempel 16 in die Matrizenbohrung hineingefahren, wobei der Oberstempel 14 soweit hineinfährt, daß er an der Oberseite des Formhohlraums 12 zu liegen kommt. Die Einfahrtiefe in die Matrizenbohrung entspricht mithin dem Maß x. Der Unterstempel 16 wird ebenfalls auf eine vorgegebene Position verfahren, wie sie etwa in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist. Hierbei findet bereits ein Verpreßvorgang statt. Anschließend wird der Unterstempel 16 weiter verfahren, bis eine vorgegebene Preßkraft erreicht worden ist. Die Preßkraft ist so bemessen, daß bei einer vorgegebenen Füllmenge die Höhe des zu formenden Preßlings (nicht gezeigt) der Sollhöhe entspricht. Ist die Sollhöhe oder Solldicke noch nicht erreicht worden, ist es nach dem Sintern erforderlich, die so geformte Platte auf das gewünschte Maß zu bearbeiten, z. B. zu schleifen. Daher ist dafür zu sorgen, daß bei dem beschriebenen Verfahren vermieden wird, daß ein Preßling mit Untermaß geformt wird.1 and 2 show a die 10, the bore of which forms a mold cavity 12, which is conical in cross section. With the help of such Mold cavity 12 can be formed as a compact Cutting plate, for example an indexable insert with clearance angle used becomes. The upper edge of the mold cavity 12 has from the upper edge of the die 12 a distance x. Above the die 12 is an upper punch 14 and below the die 10 a lower stamp 16 indicated. The stamps 14, 16 are in actuated in a suitable manner, preferably with the aid of hydraulic cylinders. This are controllable (not shown) so that they exert a desired force. Moreover they can be controlled in their speed, e.g. Legs to generate the desired force-time curve. When filling the die hole the lower stamp 16 has a predetermined filling position. Determines his position the filling quantity. It is preferably initially somewhat lower than the theoretical one Filling position for the specified quantity, so after filling the lower stamp can drive a certain distance upwards, so that the filling shoe, not shown can scrape off excess material on the top of the die. Subsequently upper punch 14 and lower punch 16 are moved into the die hole, the upper punch 14 moves so far that it is on the top of the mold cavity 12 comes to rest. The entry depth into the die hole therefore corresponds to dimension x. The lower stamp 16 is also set to a predetermined one Move position, as shown in Fig. 2. Here takes place a pressing process is already taking place. Subsequently, the lower stamp 16 continues proceed until a specified pressing force has been reached. The pressing force is like this dimensioned that the height of the to be molded for a given filling quantity Compacts (not shown) corresponds to the target height. Is the target height or target thickness has not yet been reached, it is necessary after sintering, the so shaped Edit plate to the desired size, e.g. B. to grind. Therefore it is too ensure that in the described method it is avoided that a compact is shaped with undersize.

Statt auf einen vorgegebenen maximalen Preßkraft-Wert zu fahren, kann auch vorgesehen werden, den Unterstempel 16 nach einer vorgegebenen Sollkurve zu fahren, d. h. einer Preßkraft-Kurve über der Zeit, bis der gewünschte maximale Preßkraft-Wert erreicht worden ist. Auf diese Weise wird besser die gewünschte Reproduzierbarkeit für die Preßkraft bzw. die Dichte des Preßlings erreicht. Ein Ziel ist bekanntlich, eine reproduzierbare Dichte des Preßlings zu erreichen, damit beim Sintern reproduzierbare geometrische Abmessungen erhalten werden.Instead of driving to a predetermined maximum pressing force value, provision can also be made to drive the lower punch 16 according to a predetermined target curve, d. H. a pressing force curve over time until the desired maximum pressing force value has been achieved. This way, the one you want will be better Reproducibility for the pressing force or the density of the compact is achieved. On The goal is known to achieve a reproducible density of the compact, so reproducible geometric dimensions are obtained during sintering.

Die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 3 und 4 unterscheidet sich von der nach den Figuren 1 und 2 nur dadurch, daß die Bohrung der Matrize zylindrisch ist. Die mit Hilfe des Verfahrens hergestellte Schneidplatte weist daher keinen Freiwinkel auf. Im übrigen wird die Ausführungsform der Figuren 3 und 4 mit gleichen Bezugszeichen wie Figur 1 versehen.The embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4 differs from that according to the figures 1 and 2 only in that the bore of the die is cylindrical. With the help cutting insert produced by the method therefore has no clearance angle. in the the rest of the embodiment of Figures 3 and 4 with the same reference numerals like Figure 1 provided.

Man erkennt aus Fig. 4, daß die Preßkraft mit beiden Stempeln 14, 16 aufgebracht werden kann. Dies geht auch aus dem Diagramm nach Fig. 5 hervor.It can be seen from Fig. 4 that the pressing force is applied with both punches 14, 16 can be. This can also be seen from the diagram in FIG. 5.

Die Linie 20 in Fig. 5 deutet die Matrizenoberkante an. Die dick ausgezogene Kurve 22 deutet den Positionsverlauf eines Oberstempels an, und die dick ausgezogene Kurve 24 die eines Unterstempels, beispielsweise der Stempel 14, 16 nach den Figuren 3 und 4. Die dick ausgezogene Linie 26 deutet den Positionsverlauf des Füllschuhs an. Zu Beginn des Prozesses hat der Unterstempel die Position a entsprechend der Oberkante der Matrize und der Oberstempel befindet sich deutlich oberhalb der Matrizenoberkante. Der Füllschuh befindet sich über der Matrize, und der Unterstempel verfährt in eine erste Füllposition b, während derer eine Befüllung der Matrizenbohrung mit Hartmetallpulver erfolgt, wie bei 28 angedeutet. Die Befüllung ist bei c beendet. Anschließend fährt der Unterstempel etwas hoch zur Position d, welche die endgültige Füllposition darstellt, d. h. die Pulversäule in der Matrizenbohrung entspricht der vorgegebenen Füllmenge. Eventuell überschüssiges Material oberhalb der Matrizenoberkante 20 wird dann vom Füllschuh abgestreift. Der Füllschuh fährt anschließend in seine Ausgangsstellung, und der Oberstempel fährt in die Position P2, während der Unterstempel gleichzeitig wieder etwas zurückfährt, um zu verhindern, daß der Oberstempel Pulvermaterial seitlich aus der Matrizenbohrung herauspreßt. Anschließend wird der Oberstempel in die Position P3 verfahren, wobei der Unterstempel die vorher eingenommene Position noch beibehält. Nunmehr beginnt der Preßvorgang, wobei die Position P4 von Ober- und Unterstempel über einen vorgegebenen Weg, den die Stempel zurücklegen, angefahren werden kann. Mit Hilfe von geeigneten Weggebern ist es möglich, eine genau Wegsteuerung für die Stempel vorzusehen. Hierbei findet bereits eine mehr oder weniger deutliche Verdichtung des Pulvermaterials statt. Ab der Position P4 werden fortlaufend die Preßkräfte z. B. des Unterstempels gemessen, wobei sowohl Ober- als auch Unterstempel weiter aufeinander zu gefahren werden, wie dies in Fig. 4 gezeigt ist. Es wird angenommen, daß dann in der Position P5 eine vorgegebene maximale Preßkraft erreicht wird. Es ist naturgemäß auch möglich, bezüglich des Oberstempels eine vorgegebene maximale Preßkraft einzustellen. Damit hat der Preßling eine vorgegebene Höhe bzw. Dicke bei einer gewünschten Verdichtung des Materials. Es ist auch möglich, von der Position P4 nach P5 entlang einer vorgegebenen Sollkurve zu fahren, d. h. nach einem KraftZeit-Diagramm, bis der gewünschte Endwert für die Preßkraft erreicht worden ist. Zwischen P5 und P6 bleibt die Preßkraft aufrecht erhalten, wobei nach P6 der Oberstempel leicht angehoben wird, um eine gewisse Entspannung des Preßlings zu ermöglichen. Anschließend werden Ober- und Unterstempel gemeinsam hochgefahren, bis der Oberstempel die Oberkante der Matrize 10 erreicht hat. Nach einiger Zeit (Position P9) wird dann der Oberstempel nach oben gefahren und dem Unterstempel ermöglicht, den Preßling aus der Matrizenbohrung heraus zu bewegen.Line 20 in FIG. 5 indicates the upper edge of the die. The thick undressed Curve 22 indicates the position profile of an upper punch and the thickly drawn Curve 24 after a lower stamp, for example the stamp 14, 16 3 and 4. The solid line 26 indicates the course of the position of the filling shoe. At the beginning of the process, the lower stamp has the position a corresponding to the top edge of the die and the top stamp is clearly located above the top edge of the die. The filling shoe is over the die, and the lower punch moves into a first filling position b, during which one The die hole is filled with hard metal powder, as indicated at 28. The filling is finished at c. Then the lower stamp moves a little up to position d, which is the final fill position, d. H. the powder column in the die hole corresponds to the specified filling quantity. Perhaps Excess material above the upper edge 20 of the die is then removed from the filling shoe stripped. The filling shoe then moves to its starting position, and the upper stamp moves to position P2, while the lower stamp at the same time moves back a little to prevent the upper punch from powder material presses out of the die hole laterally. Then the upper stamp move to position P3, with the lower punch the one previously taken Still maintains position. Now the pressing process begins, with the position P4 of upper and lower stamps via a predetermined path that the stamp cover, can be started. With the help of suitable signposts it is possible to provide a precise path control for the stamp. Here takes place a more or less significant compression of the powder material is already taking place. From the position P4, the pressing forces z. B. the lower stamp measured, whereby both upper and lower stamps continue to move towards each other as shown in FIG. 4. It is believed that then in position P5 a predetermined maximum pressing force is reached. It is natural also possible, with respect to the upper punch, a predetermined maximum pressing force adjust. So that the compact has a predetermined height or thickness at one desired compression of the material. It is also possible from position P4 to drive along P5 along a predetermined target curve, d. H. according to a KraftZeit diagram, until the desired end value for the pressing force has been reached. Between P5 and P6, the pressing force is maintained, after P6 the Upper punch is raised slightly to allow some relaxation of the compact to enable. Then the upper and lower stamps are raised together, until the upper punch has reached the upper edge of the die 10. To After a while (position P9) the upper punch is moved upwards and the Lower punch enables the compact to be moved out of the die hole.

Claims (3)

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Preßteilen, insbesondere von Schneidplatten aus Hartmetall durch Pressen von Metallpulver und anschließendes Sintern des Preßlings, insbesondere von Wendeschneidplatten, die eine Sitzfläche und mindestens eine annähernd parallel zur Sitzfläche verlaufende Schneidkante aufweisen, die von der Sitzfläche einen vorgegebenen Abstand hat, mit Hilfe einer eine Matrize und einen Ober- und einen Unterstempel aufweisenden Presse, mit den Schritten: Einfüllen einer vorgegebenen Menge an Metallpulver in die Matrizenbohrung, wobei der Unterstempel eine vorgegebene Einfüllposition in der Matrizenbohrung aufweist, Verstellen des Unterstempels und des Oberstempels in eine vorgegebene erste bzw. zweite Position, weiteres Verstellen des Unterstempels und gegebenenfalls des Oberstempels und gleichzeitiges Messen der Preßkraft mindestens des Unterstempels, wobei die Verstellung von Unterstempel bzw. Oberstempel entlang einer vorgegebenen Sollkurve für die Preßkraft erfolgt Beenden der Zustellbewegung von Unterstempel und gegebenenfalls des Oberstempels, wenn ein vorgegebener Wert für die Preßkraft erreicht wird. Process for the production of pressed parts, in particular hard metal cutting inserts by pressing metal powder and subsequent sintering of the compact, in particular indexable inserts, which have a seat surface and at least one cutting edge running approximately parallel to the seat surface and having a predetermined distance from the seat surface a press having a die and an upper and a lower stamp, with the steps: Filling a predetermined amount of metal powder into the die bore, the lower punch having a predetermined fill position in the die bore, Adjusting the lower stamp and the upper stamp to a predetermined first and second position, further adjustment of the lower punch and, if applicable, the upper punch and simultaneous measurement of the pressing force of at least the lower punch, the lower punch or upper punch being adjusted along a predetermined desired curve for the pressing force Stop the infeed movement of the lower punch and, if necessary, the upper punch, when a predetermined value for the pressing force is reached. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Schneidplatten ohne Freiwinkel Unter- und Oberstempel ab der ersten bzw. zweiten Position bis zu einem vorgegebenen Wert für die Preßkraft oder entlang einer Sollkurve für die Preßkraft verstellt werden. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the case of cutting inserts without a clearance angle, the lower and upper punches are adjusted from the first or second position up to a predetermined value for the pressing force or along a desired curve for the pressing force. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Schneidplatten mit Freiwinkel nur der Unterstempel ab der ersten Position bis zu einem vorgegebenen Preßkraftwert bzw. entlang einer Sollkurve für die Preßkraft verfahren wird.Method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that, in the case of cutting plates with a clearance angle, only the lower punch is moved from the first position up to a predetermined pressing force value or along a desired curve for the pressing force.
EP01104107A 2000-03-04 2001-02-21 Process for controlling the pressing force for metal powder compression Expired - Lifetime EP1129802B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE10010671A DE10010671C2 (en) 2000-03-04 2000-03-04 Process for producing pressed parts by pressing metal powder and then sintering the compact
DE10010671 2000-03-04

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EP1129802A2 true EP1129802A2 (en) 2001-09-05
EP1129802A3 EP1129802A3 (en) 2004-05-06
EP1129802B1 EP1129802B1 (en) 2007-03-14
EP1129802B2 EP1129802B2 (en) 2010-08-11

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EP1287975A3 (en) * 2001-08-31 2004-01-28 Fette GmbH Process for producing molded parts in a powder press
EP2750151A4 (en) * 2011-07-27 2015-03-11 Sumitomo Electric Industries BRIQUETTE IN COMPRESSED POWDER
DE102010015016B4 (en) * 2009-04-24 2016-06-09 Sms Group Gmbh powder Press

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DE10135283C2 (en) * 2001-07-19 2003-09-18 Fette Wilhelm Gmbh Process for pressing powder material
DE102004008322B4 (en) * 2004-02-20 2008-11-27 Fette Gmbh powder Press
EP2123435B1 (en) * 2007-03-20 2016-03-09 Tungaloy Corporation Compression molding method for a cutting insert
DE102012019312A1 (en) * 2012-10-01 2014-04-03 Dorst Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for controlling a ceramic and / or metal powder press or ceramic and / or metal powder press
US20160325354A1 (en) * 2015-05-07 2016-11-10 Thermal Technology, Llc Compressive Sintering Apparatus Comprising Protected Opposing Rams
DE102017004803A1 (en) 2017-05-18 2018-11-22 Cosateq Gmbh Method for operating a powder press with layer control and powder press for carrying out the method
DE102017119342A1 (en) 2017-08-24 2019-02-28 COSATEQ GmbH & Co. KG Method for controlling a metal or ceramic powder press with automatic trajectory generation
US12528126B2 (en) 2019-12-17 2026-01-20 Kennametal Inc. Additive manufacturing techniques and applications thereof
EP4079427A1 (en) * 2021-04-22 2022-10-26 GKN Sinter Metals Engineering GmbH Method for determining a parameter of a material and pressing tool for producing a green compact

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EP1287975A3 (en) * 2001-08-31 2004-01-28 Fette GmbH Process for producing molded parts in a powder press
DE102010015016B4 (en) * 2009-04-24 2016-06-09 Sms Group Gmbh powder Press
EP2750151A4 (en) * 2011-07-27 2015-03-11 Sumitomo Electric Industries BRIQUETTE IN COMPRESSED POWDER
US9251946B2 (en) 2011-07-27 2016-02-02 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Compact

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10010671A1 (en) 2001-09-13
US6562291B2 (en) 2003-05-13
US20010022944A1 (en) 2001-09-20
ATE356681T1 (en) 2007-04-15
EP1129802A3 (en) 2004-05-06
DE50112176D1 (en) 2007-04-26
DE10010671C2 (en) 2002-03-14
EP1129802B2 (en) 2010-08-11
EP1129802B1 (en) 2007-03-14

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