EP1131203A1 - Tissu composite pour la construction des routes - Google Patents

Tissu composite pour la construction des routes

Info

Publication number
EP1131203A1
EP1131203A1 EP99952988A EP99952988A EP1131203A1 EP 1131203 A1 EP1131203 A1 EP 1131203A1 EP 99952988 A EP99952988 A EP 99952988A EP 99952988 A EP99952988 A EP 99952988A EP 1131203 A1 EP1131203 A1 EP 1131203A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fabric
layer
asphalt
roadway
grid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99952988A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1131203A4 (fr
Inventor
Mark Kittson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Technical Fabrics Canada Ltd
Certainteed LLC
Original Assignee
Bay Mills Ltd
Certainteed LLC
Certain Teed Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bay Mills Ltd, Certainteed LLC, Certain Teed Corp filed Critical Bay Mills Ltd
Publication of EP1131203A1 publication Critical patent/EP1131203A1/fr
Publication of EP1131203A4 publication Critical patent/EP1131203A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/005—Methods or materials for repairing pavings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/12—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with bituminous binders or from bituminous material, e.g. asphalt mats
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/08—Damp-proof or other insulating layers; Drainage arrangements or devices ; Bridge deck surfacings
    • E01D19/083—Waterproofing of bridge decks; Other insulations for bridges, e.g. thermal ; Bridge deck surfacings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/10—Fibres of continuous length
    • B32B2305/20—Fibres of continuous length in the form of a non-woven mat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to reinforced, water-resistant structures used in water- proofing applications and in particular, to reinforced roadway structures.
  • Asphalt is a dark cementitious material composed predominantly of bitumens.
  • Most asphalts are now produced from the refining of petroleum and are used primarily in paving and roofing applications . At normal service temperatures asphalt is viscoelastic ; at higher temperatures, it becomes viscous.
  • Asphalts that have a low content of soluble salts show a low water absorption. When asphalt picks up water, it softens and blisters. Bacteria and fungi are also known to attack the very low molecular weight portion of bituminous materials. Exposed asphalt films have, additionally, been known to harden and crack when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.
  • Asphalt-mastics are known to include mineral (including glass) fillers which are added to influence their flow properties and reduce costs. Mineral- filled films show proven resistance to flow at elevated temperatures, improved impact resistance and better flame-spread resistance. Fillers may also increase the water absorption of asphalt, and can include ground limestone, slate flowers, finely divided silica, trapped rocks, and mica. Opaque fillers offer protection from weathering, and asbestos filler, because of its fibrous structure can be added to improve toughness. Asbestos fibers have also been added to asphalt paving mixes to increase the resistance to movement under traffic, and in roofing materials, for fire-retardant purposes.
  • Petromat is a needle punched nonwoven polypropylene geotextile. The fabric is heat bonded, meaning the fibers are fused on one side to prevent bleed through of the tack coat and water from reaching the underlying road layers . Petromat has comparatively low modulus of elasticity and thus provides limited reflective cracking resistance.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,151,025 discloses a method for waterproofing concrete bride decks including cleaning the bridge deck, applying primer to the deck, applying a membrane to the primer followed by a tack coat and a layer of asphalt.
  • the membrane includes a lower layer of uncured elastomer, a fabric layer and an upper layer of cured elastomer.
  • the membrane is heated to about 175°F and rolled prior to placement of the tack coat to bond the lower layer of uncured asphalt to the bridge deck.
  • the fabric layer is a single layer of open-mesh, natural or synthetic fabric. The fabric is not disclosed as being high strength or high modulus material nor is it pre-impregnated or otherwise pretreated to enhance its or the membrane's strength or other physical characteristics.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,699,542 describes a system including method and apparatus for reinforcing asphaltic overlays applied to underlying pavements.
  • a tack coat is initially applied to the pavement followed by a layer of resin-impregnated, open-mesh, semi-rigid fiberglass fabric.
  • An asphaltic mixture overlay is then applied to the fabric.
  • the fiberglass fabric has a high modulus of elasticity which improves the strength of the asphaltic overlay and inhibits propagation of reflective cracks in the overlay.
  • Resin impregnation serves to coat the glass strands and protects them from degradation arising from internally induced and externally applied harm such as friction between the strand filaments and corrosion associated with invasion by water, particularly high pH water created by the use of salt on roads .
  • U.S. Patent Nos. 4,957,390, 5,110,627, 5,246,306 and 5,393,559 disclose systems similar to U.S. Patent No. 4,699,542. Rather than using a tack coat, the resin-impregnated glass fabric is adhered to the underlying pavement by a pressure or heat activatable adhesive carried by fabric.
  • U.S. Patent Nos. 5,152, and 5,273,804 disclose methods for reinforcing a paved roadway surface using an open mesh/fabric laminate.
  • the paved roadway surface is produced by applying a tack coat to an underlying road base followed by the laminate which is placed fabric side down on the road base. A second tack coat is then applied to the laminate followed by a layer of asphalt.
  • the preferred fabrics are indicated as needled continuous filaments or staple fibers although woven or knitted fabrics could be used.
  • the mesh structure is preferably polypropylene or polyester mesh.
  • the fabric is provided to promote adherence of the laminate to the road base. It is mechanically bonded to the mesh at thickened mesh nodules, whereby the fabric is spaced somewhat from the strands of the mesh.
  • the spacing of the mesh from the fabric enables overlying asphalt aggregate to penetrate the mesh and interlock with the strands of the mesh and thereby reinforce the roadway surface.
  • polypropylene, polyester or similar plastic meshes have comparatively low Young's moduli of elasticity, i.e., on the order of about 10,000 to about 200,000 psi .
  • Young's moduli typically ranging from about 1,000,000 about 4,000,000 psi, and thus have limited capacity to resist new and reflective cracking in the asphalt overlayers versus higher modulus materials.
  • PGM-P Polyfelt Geosynthetics Group markets a product known as PGM-P which is a composite reinforcement for asphalt.
  • PGM-P includes uncoated fiberglass fabric stitched to nonwoven fabric. Lacking coating, the fiberglass fabric is exposed to corrosive environmental agents and its filaments are subject to damage do to friction and abrasion which tends to cause cutting of one glass filament or fiber by another. Moreover, the uncoated glass is susceptible to damage caused by the asphalt roadway construction process and application equipment. Similar products, which use uncoated, uncrimped synthetic fabric instead of uncoated fiberglass fabric, are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,472,086 and 4,540,311.
  • Rotoflex is a composite roadway fabric including a coated, fiberglass laid scrim sandwiched between two layers of nonwoven material. The fabric may be placed either side down and the nonwoven material facilitates adherence of the fabric to a tack coat.
  • a disadvantage of Rotoflex fabric is that provision of the nonwoven materials both above and below the fiberglass scrim is that the aggregate commonly present in asphaltic concretes cannot effectively penetrate the nonwoven material and interlock with the scrim in a manner to fully exploit the high modulus/low creep characteristics of the scrim.
  • the roadway fabric according to the invention is a composite assembly which consists essentially of a first layer of open mesh, bi-axially oriented high modulus/low creep fiber material secured to a second layer of substantially water-resistant material.
  • the first layer is pre-impregnated with a resinous substance which is compatible with asphalt and the roadway fabric is preferably disposed with the water- resistant material facing downwardly to enhance adhesion of the fabric to the underlying roadway substrate.
  • the open mesh of the first layer is operable to interengage with the aggregate present in asphalt concrete. In so doing, the high modulus/low creep characteristics of the open mesh material are exploited to inhibit cracking in the overlying asphalt, either in the form of new cracking or reflective cracking resulting from cracks in the underlying road structure.
  • the second layer of water- resistant material promotes adherence of the roadway fabric to, as well as waterproofing of, the underlying road surface.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view of a fabric according to the present invention.
  • the composite roadway fabric according to the present invention may be deployed in new and existing roadway installations and preferably includes a first layer 10 constructed as a scrim or knit grid, desirably an open mesh, bi-axially oriented, fiber fabric having a tensile strength of at least about 250 pounds/inch, and preferably greater than 300-500 pounds/inch which is preferably thermally stable to at least 400°F.
  • the grid may be formed of strands of continuous filament glass fibers, having moduli of elasticity of at least about 1,000,000 psi, though other high modulus fibers such as polyamide fibers of poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) , known as KEVLAR ® , may be used.
  • ECR or E glass rovings of weights ranging from about 300 to about 5000 tex are preferred.
  • These strands, which are preferably low-twist (i.e., about one turn per inch or less) are formed into grids with rectangular or square openings, preferably ranging in size from 0.25 to about 0.5 inch on a side, though grids ranging from 0.125 inch to six inches on a side may be used.
  • the grids are preferably stitched or otherwise fixedly connected at the intersections of the crosswise and lengthwise strands.
  • the first layer 10 has a high modulus of elasticity and a high strength to cost ratio, its coefficient of expansion approximates that of road construction materials, and it resists corrosion by materials used in road construction and found in the road environment, such as road salt.
  • the fixed connections at the intersections of the grid also contribute to the strength of the grid because they permit forces parallel to one set of strands to be transferred in part to the other set of parallel strands.
  • this open grid construction makes possible the use of less glass per square yard and therefore a more economical product. For example, a presently preferred grid weighs about
  • the grid is formed, and before it is laid in place on paving, a resin is applied. That is to say, the grid is "pre-impregnated" with resin.
  • the viscosity of the resin is selected so that it penetrates into the strands of the grid. While the resin may not surround every filament in a glass fiber strand, the resin is generally uniformly spread across the interior of the strand.
  • This impregnation makes the grid compatible with asphalt, imparts a semi-rigid nature to it, and cushions and protects the glass strands and filaments from corrosion by water and other elements.
  • the impregnation also reduces abrasion between glass strands or filaments and the cutting of one glass strand or filament by another, which is particularly important after the grid has been laid down but before the asphalt overlayment has been applied.
  • the strands may be somewhat flattened, but the grid-like openings are maintained.
  • a rectangular grid may be formed, with the rovings flattened to about 1/16 inch, whereby the thickness of the rovings after coating and drying was about 1/32 inch or less.
  • Many resins can be used for impregnating the grid, provided they are such that adhesives can be bonded to them well.
  • Primary examples are asphalt, rubber modified asphalt, crosslinked and uncrosslinked acrylics and polyvinyl alcohol, unsaturated polyesters, vinyl ester, epoxies, polyacrylates, polyurethanes, polyolefins, and phenolics which give the required rigidity, compatibility, corrosion resistance and thermal stability. They may be applied using hotmelt, emulsion, solvent, thermal-cure or radiation-cure systems. Alternatively, an asphaltic emulsion modified with a polymeric material, such as an acrylic polymer, can be padded onto the grid and thermally cured. Such modification of the asphalt makes it possible to achieve a coating which is less brittle at low temperatures.
  • the composite roadway fabric according to the invention further preferably comprises a second layer 30 of material which may be a woven or, more preferably, a nonwoven fabric that is substantially resistant to passage of water therethrough. It should be thermally resistant to at least 400°F and functions to waterproof the underlying roadway while enhancing adherence of the composite fabric structure to the roadway.
  • a presently preferred nonwoven fabric because of its ready availability and relatively low cost is needle-punched polypropylene fabric such as the aforementioned Petromat product.
  • Other suitable nonwoven fabrics include spun bonded materials, knitted materials and needle-punched polyester.
  • the preferred weight of the nonwoven fabric is about 2 to 8 oz/yd 2 , and more preferably, about 3 to 5 oz/yd 2 . 5
  • the actual grade, composition, or source of nonwoven fabric is not of great concern so long as it has been employed in or can be demonstrated to be of beneficial use in roadway waterproofing applications .
  • first layer 10 and second layer 30 may be mechanically attached together by stitching 40, stapling or the like.
  • a pressure and/or heat sensitive adhesive 20 may be applied to
  • first and second layers 10, 30 may thereafter be pressed together, with simultaneous application of heat if necessary.
  • the second layer 30 may be united with the first layer 10 by the resinous substance
  • first layer 10 may be impregnated and coated by the resin and the second layer 30 may be contacted and become bonded with the first layer 10 upon curing of the resin.
  • asphalt emulsion may be
  • first and second layers 10, 30 can be unwound from a pair of rolls during such coating and bonding and the
  • resulting coated composite fabric can be dried at ambient temperature or sent through a drying oven prior to cutting and rolling the mastic into a convenient form, such as a roll or patch.
  • Suitable adhesives include synthetic elastomeric and synthetic thermoplastic adhesives. Included among these are acrylics, styrene-butadiene rubbers, tackified asphalts and tackified olefins.
  • a tack coat may be applied to the road surface and the fabric is unrolled and pressed against the roadway surface.
  • the composite fabric may be disposed on the underlying road surface with the first grid layer facing downwardly. More preferably, the composite fabric is installed with the grid facing upwardly to maximize interengagement of the grid with the aggregate constituents of the asphalt overlayer.
  • a coating of any of the aforementioned adhesives may be pre-applied to that surface of the composite fabric which contacts the underlying roadway to promote adherence thereto.
  • a similar tack coat or adhesive may also be applied to the other surface of the composite fabric to promote adherence of the fabric with the asphalt overlayer.
  • a layer of asphalt concrete of suitable thickness and composition e.g., about 50 mm of HL 1 asphaltic concrete, may be applied using conventional equipment and techniques .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un tissu composite utilisé pour la construction des routes, qui comprend une première couche (10) fixée à une seconde couche (30). La première couche (10) se présente sous la forme d'une grille ouverte de brins d'orientation bi-axiale imprégnés de résine à module élastique élevé. La seconde couche (30) est sensiblement résistante l'eau. Ce tissu composite permet d'assurer l'étanchéité des structures sous-jacentes dans la construction des routes, car il résiste aux fissurations nouvelles et aux fissurations de réflexion qui interviennent dans les couches supérieures d'asphalte de la chaussée.
EP99952988A 1998-09-30 1999-09-29 Tissu composite pour la construction des routes Withdrawn EP1131203A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16400498A 1998-09-30 1998-09-30
US164004 1998-09-30
PCT/US1999/022641 WO2000018574A1 (fr) 1998-09-30 1999-09-29 Tissu composite pour la construction des routes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1131203A1 true EP1131203A1 (fr) 2001-09-12
EP1131203A4 EP1131203A4 (fr) 2003-01-02

Family

ID=22592560

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99952988A Withdrawn EP1131203A4 (fr) 1998-09-30 1999-09-29 Tissu composite pour la construction des routes

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1131203A4 (fr)
CN (1) CN1354714A (fr)
AU (1) AU6502899A (fr)
CA (1) CA2345980A1 (fr)
HK (1) HK1045131A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000018574A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7059800B2 (en) * 2001-02-28 2006-06-13 Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Method of reinforcing and waterproofing a paved surface
EP1714772A1 (fr) * 2005-04-20 2006-10-25 Quadrant Plastic Composites AG Produit intermédiaire composite thermoplastique
US20060245830A1 (en) * 2005-04-27 2006-11-02 Jon Woolstencroft Reinforcement membrane and methods of manufacture and use

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4617219A (en) * 1984-12-24 1986-10-14 Morris Schupack Three dimensionally reinforced fabric concrete
US4699542A (en) * 1985-03-13 1987-10-13 Bay Mills Limited, Midland Div. Composition for reinforcing asphaltic roads and reinforced roads using the same
FR2592411B1 (fr) * 1985-12-26 1988-02-12 Rhone Poulenc Fibres Perfectionnement au procede et moyen pour la protection des revetements des chaussees contre l'amorcage des fissurations
US5246306A (en) * 1987-11-04 1993-09-21 Bay Mills Limited Reinforcements for asphaltic paving, processes for making such reinforcements, and reinforced pavings
US5513925A (en) * 1994-09-19 1996-05-07 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Stress absorbing composite for road repair and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1131203A4 (fr) 2003-01-02
AU6502899A (en) 2000-04-17
CA2345980A1 (fr) 2000-04-06
HK1045131A1 (zh) 2002-11-15
WO2000018574A1 (fr) 2000-04-06
CN1354714A (zh) 2002-06-19

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