EP1151184A1 - Systeme de gaz d'echappement comportant au moins une surface de guidage - Google Patents

Systeme de gaz d'echappement comportant au moins une surface de guidage

Info

Publication number
EP1151184A1
EP1151184A1 EP00907462A EP00907462A EP1151184A1 EP 1151184 A1 EP1151184 A1 EP 1151184A1 EP 00907462 A EP00907462 A EP 00907462A EP 00907462 A EP00907462 A EP 00907462A EP 1151184 A1 EP1151184 A1 EP 1151184A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guide surface
honeycomb body
exhaust gas
gas flows
exhaust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00907462A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1151184B1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Maus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vitesco Technologies Lohmar Verwaltungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH filed Critical Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH
Publication of EP1151184A1 publication Critical patent/EP1151184A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1151184B1 publication Critical patent/EP1151184B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an exhaust system with a collector for merging exhaust gas flows from two or more cylinders of an internal combustion engine, the collector having an outlet cross section, behind which a jacket pipe connects, in which a honeycomb body is arranged. Furthermore, a collector, a honeycomb body and a method for the application of exhaust gas flows to a honeycomb body are dealt with.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the emission behavior of an internal combustion engine, in particular in the cold start phase, in particular the service life of a honeycomb body used close to the engine to be extended.
  • the exhaust system according to the invention with a collector for merging exhaust gas flows from two or more cylinders of an internal combustion engine, the collector having an outlet cross section, behind which a jacket pipe connects, in which a honeycomb body is arranged, is characterized in that between the outlet cross section and the Honeycomb body is a space to be flowed through, in which at least one first guide surface is arranged for deflecting at least some of the exhaust gas flows.
  • Such a first guide surface delays the impact of the individual exhaust gas flows on the upstream end face of the honeycomb body.
  • the swirling of the exhaust gas streams leads to improved mixing of a total exhaust gas stream supplied to the honeycomb body, which in particular improves the subsequent catalytic reaction.
  • the measuring accuracy of a lambda probe for measuring the oxygen content is increased, since the somewhat uneven
  • Composition of the individual exhaust gas flows is at least partially compensated. Since the exhaust gas flows flow into the collector in the form of a pulsation flow, the first guide surface absorbs and reduces a pressure gradient.
  • the downstream honeycomb body is relieved of this pressure gradient. Damage due to the pulsation flow as it lasts for a long time
  • the first guide surface is designed such that the exhaust gas flows are deflected in front of the honeycomb body.
  • the deflection which means a substantial change in the original flow direction of the exhaust gas streams, in turn delays their impact on the honeycomb body, so that, in particular, there is already an interaction with the next exhaust gas pulse from another exhaust gas line in order to equalize the pressure.
  • a negative pressure after the pressure pulse is also established in the other cylinders.
  • Vortex formation leads to good mixing of the fluid flow.
  • a further development of the first guide surface provides that it is designed so that the exhaust gas flows flow back at least in part. This means that the exhaust gas flows are at least partially redirected in the direction from which they come in.
  • the first guide surface is preferably arranged such that it is at least partially opposite the exhaust gas flows flowing in the room.
  • the first guide surface is arranged so that a direct flow of the exhaust gas flows to the honeycomb body is at least partially blocked.
  • the first guide surface provides, for example, to use a guide plate for this.
  • the baffle must be able to absorb occurring temperature and pressure differences.
  • the first guide surface is designed such that it reduces the free cross section behind the outlet cross section, which is then followed by the free cross section of the casing tube.
  • the first guide surface is therefore preferably designed as a type of diaphragm.
  • Alternative and / or cumulative designs of a first guide surface provide that this is uniformly and / or unevenly, partially or completely distributed holes and / or cutouts on the lateral outer edge and / or at least one edge opening and / or at least one curvature on at least one of their surfaces having.
  • a vortex space is preferably formed as a reaction space. There is enough space in it to ensure, for example, that the individual exhaust gas flows can be mixed. Furthermore, this vortex space also serves in a certain way as a calming space for the total exhaust gas flow that finally occurs on the end face of the honeycomb body.
  • a suitable dimensioning of the swirl space can be used to set the manner in which mixing takes place after swirling through the guide surface.
  • the shape of the swirl chamber also determines the manner in which pressure gradients of the individual exhaust gas flows act against one another and can ultimately be equalized.
  • the swirl chamber also serves to form a uniform temperature distribution within the total exhaust gas flow ultimately striking the honeycomb body.
  • the first guide surface is arranged closer to the outlet cross section than to the honeycomb body.
  • the guide surface catches a pressure gradient much earlier.
  • the formation of back vortices behind the guide surface can interact with a corresponding design of the flow surface be avoided.
  • the collector according to the invention is characterized in that at least one first guide surface is part of the collector. If this is a casting, for example, the flow area is cast in one operation together with the other parts of the collector.
  • the honeycomb body according to the invention in a casing pipe for an exhaust system is characterized in that at least one first guide surface is part of the casing pipe. This can be done, for example, by appropriate crimping or the like during manufacture of the casing tube.
  • the guide surface for the exhaust system is arranged as an interchangeable component between the collector and the casing pipe. This can be installed, for example, as an insert in the collector or in the casing tube.
  • the guide surface between the collector and the jacket tube can also be flanged.
  • the inventive method for applying a honeycomb body with exhaust gas flows is characterized in that the exhaust gas streams are deflected by at least one first guide surface before they strike the honeycomb body so that they flow at least partially in a direction opposite to the exhaust gas streams and thus hit the honeycomb body with a delay.
  • the individual exhaust gas flows are deflected in such a way that they flow at least partially in the opposite direction, thereby mixing with one another and only then striking the honeycomb body.
  • This method is particularly preferred if the exhaust gas flows flow to the honeycomb body in a pressure-pulsating manner. The method is also very useful if the individual exhaust gas streams flow towards the honeycomb body at different times.
  • the exhaust gas streams deflected and swirled by the first guide surface flow through a second guide surface, whereby in addition to the described advantages, the entire end face of the honeycomb body in particular is evenly more uniform over its surface Cross-section is flown.
  • the drawing shows a preferred field of application of the invention.
  • the invention can also be used in particular where several individual fluid streams meet from different directions and immediately afterwards encounter a honeycomb body with a catalytically active coating, special features Advantages of the invention result for fluid streams which on the one hand have pressure gradients, staggered in time, in particular flow into one another, react chemically or have temperature gradients within the fluid flow or between fluid flows.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exhaust system with a collector and a directly connected honeycomb body in a perspective view
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the exhaust system according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a guide surface in the manner of an aperture
  • FIG. 4 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a guide surface which is curved
  • FIG. 5 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a guide surface which is curved and has a cutout at its edge
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross section through the guide surface according to FIG. 5.
  • an exhaust system 1 shows a preferred area of application of an exhaust system 1 with a collector 2 for merging exhaust gas flows from two or more cylinders of an internal combustion engine, not shown, in particular four exhaust gas flows of a four-cylinder engine.
  • a jacket tube 3 in which a honeycomb body 7 is arranged as a starting catalyst.
  • the exhaust system 1 is preferably constructed so that first flanges 4 each lead to the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine, while a second flange 5 in the flow direction through the collector 2 behind the casing pipe 3 for connection, for example, to an exhaust line, not shown leads towards a silencer.
  • the exhaust system 1 forms a single component that can be installed as a whole in the exhaust line of the internal combustion engine. It is expedient if the exhaust system 1 has a parting plane 6, so that the collector 2 and the casing tube 3 can be separated from one another again, for example for exchanging the starting catalytic converter.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the exhaust system 1 from FIG. 1. Objects of the same type have the same reference numbers.
  • a first guide surface 8 is arranged in a space 10 to be flowed through.
  • the individual exhaust gas flows 11, 12, 13, 14 can lead to a selective application of an end face 16 of the honeycomb body 7.
  • the first guide surface 8 is arranged in the space 10 to be flowed through in such a way that the individual exhaust gas flows 11, 12, 13, 14 are at least partially swirled and deflected.
  • the first exhaust gas flow 11 partially rebounds from the first guide surface 8 and flows against the adjacent second exhaust gas flow 12. This results in the mixing of these two exhaust gas flows 11, 12.
  • This can be used in particular due to the pressure pulsations in the exhaust system 1 by the acting cylinder movements.
  • the mixing of the exhaust gas flows 11, 12, 13, 14 can be optimized in particular so that there is an increased dwell time in the space 10 to be flowed through for a wide load range of the engine.
  • the first exhaust gas stream 11 itself is mixed again due to the swirling, but at the same time mixing is also effected with the adjacent second exhaust gas stream 12. Because of this, reactions and conversions in the exhaust gas mixture that have not yet been carried out are excited, temperature differences are compensated for, and a uniform volume flow flows as a resultant gas flow onto the honeycomb body 7, causes. It is therefore preferred that the first guide surface 8 is at a greater distance from the end face 16 of the honeycomb body 7 than from the outlet cross section 9 of the collector 2.
  • the distance A between the end face 16 of the honeycomb body 7 and the outlet cross section 9 is chosen in particular so that a resulting Total exhaust gas flow 17, shown here as a fanning-out multiple arrow, at least largely flows onto the entire end face 16 of the honeycomb body 7.
  • Mixing due to swirling and backflow of the individual exhaust gas streams 11, 12, 13, 14 also reduces a selectively increased, thermally induced voltage of the honeycomb body 7 in the region of the end face 16, which in turn results in the conversion of previously unburned hydrocarbons to a yet to be carried out Uniformization of the temperature load of the honeycomb body 7 leads.
  • Fig. 3 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a guide surface 8, which has the shape of an annular aperture.
  • the aperture has an opening 18 in the middle, through which the total exhaust gas stream flows after mixing in the direction of the honeycomb body.
  • the guide surface 8 in the manner of an annular diaphragm is flush at its outer edge 19 with a casing tube of the honeycomb body, so that there is no flow through an exhaust gas stream.
  • An alternative to this provides that evenly and / or unevenly distributed cutouts 20, which are indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 3, also allow a flow along the outer edge 19 and / or that the guide surface 8, as in the right
  • a second such guide surface between the first guide surface and the honeycomb body can be arranged offset one behind the other and have different flow cross sections.
  • Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of a guide surface 8. This has a first surface 21 and a second surface 22. The first and the second
  • Surfaces 21, 22 are curved and have an opening 18 in approximately their center Flow.
  • the curvatures 23 support the deflection of the exhaust gas streams striking the surfaces 21, 22.
  • both surfaces 21, 22 each have a border 24 which is irregularly and differently curved.
  • This design supports the swirling of the exhaust gas flows among one another, which is not required by the fact that, for example, two such guide surfaces are staggered one behind the other.
  • the guide surface (s) is / are designed in such a way that the resulting total exhaust gas flow is again distributed after flow through, if possible without a separation flow, over a total cross section of the end face of the subsequent honeycomb body to be flown.
  • FIG. 5 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a guide surface 8.
  • This has a third surface 25 and fourth surface 26.
  • This has the effect that behind the surfaces 25, 26 there is no dead flow region. Rather, the flow through the edge opening 27 leads to the formation of a negative pressure area along the sides of the surfaces 25, 26 facing the honeycomb body.
  • This has the effect that the total exhaust gas flow when flowing through at least one or even two guide surfaces 8 according to FIG. 5 occurs again in a very short way distributed over the entire free flow cross section of the jacket tube.
  • Fig. 6 shows the guide surface 8 of FIG. 5 in cross section along the line VI-VI.
  • a material ring 28 can be seen, to which the third surface 25 and fourth surface 26 are attached. Furthermore, the respective curvature 23 of both surfaces 25, 26 for deflecting and backflow of the incident exhaust gas flows can be seen.
  • the guide surfaces 8 preferred according to the invention do not have to be annular as described. Partial segment-shaped guide surfaces can also be arranged, which do not have to be arranged with one another on the same level as an adjacent guide surface. Rather, as with the arrangement of a plurality of annular guide surfaces, these can be offset from one another and also each have a different design.
  • Jacket tube first flange, then second flange

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de gaz d'échappement (1) comportant un collecteur (2) pour concentrer des flux de gaz d'échappement (11, 12, 13, 14) issus de deux cylindres ou plus d'un moteur à combustion interne. Le collecteur (2) présente une section transversale de sortie (9) à la suite de laquelle se raccorde un tube de protection (3) dans lequel est placé un corps alvéolaire (7). Entre la section transversale de sortie (15) et le corps alvéolaire (7), il est prévu une chambre (10) destinée à être traversée par les gaz d'échappement, dans laquelle est disposée au moins une première surface de guidage (8) pour dévier au moins une partie des flux de gaz d'échappement (11, 12, 13, 14). Outre un collecteur (2) et un corps alvéolaire (7), l'invention concerne également en particulier un procédé pour solliciter un corps alvéolaire (7) avec des flux de gaz d'échappement (11, 12, 13, 14) qui proviennent au moins en partie de différentes directions et parviennent jusqu'au corps alvéolaire (7). Les flux de gaz d'échappement (11, 12, 13, 14) sont déviés par au moins une première surface de guidage (8), avant d'arriver sur le corps alvéolaire (7), de manière à s'écouler au moins en partie dans un sens qui leur (11, 12, 13, 14) est opposé et à arriver de manière décalée sur le corps alvéolaire (7).
EP00907462A 1999-02-08 2000-01-11 Systeme de gaz d'echappement comportant au moins une surface de guidage Expired - Lifetime EP1151184B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19905032A DE19905032A1 (de) 1999-02-08 1999-02-08 Abgassystem mit wenigstens einer Leitfläche
DE19905032 1999-02-08
PCT/EP2000/000139 WO2000047878A1 (fr) 1999-02-08 2000-01-11 Systeme de gaz d'echappement comportant au moins une surface de guidage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1151184A1 true EP1151184A1 (fr) 2001-11-07
EP1151184B1 EP1151184B1 (fr) 2003-09-10

Family

ID=7896761

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00907462A Expired - Lifetime EP1151184B1 (fr) 1999-02-08 2000-01-11 Systeme de gaz d'echappement comportant au moins une surface de guidage

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6487854B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1151184B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4526190B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2904100A (fr)
DE (2) DE19905032A1 (fr)
MY (1) MY122685A (fr)
RU (1) RU2227834C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000047878A1 (fr)

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JP5104960B2 (ja) * 2008-11-05 2012-12-19 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6487854B2 (en) 2002-12-03
MY122685A (en) 2006-04-29
JP2002536589A (ja) 2002-10-29
WO2000047878A1 (fr) 2000-08-17
RU2227834C2 (ru) 2004-04-27
DE50003635D1 (de) 2003-10-16
JP4526190B2 (ja) 2010-08-18
US20020017097A1 (en) 2002-02-14
EP1151184B1 (fr) 2003-09-10
AU2904100A (en) 2000-08-29
DE19905032A1 (de) 2000-08-10

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