Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
  • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
  • C06B23/04—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents for cooling the explosion gases including antifouling and flash suppressing agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
  • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
  • C06B23/02—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents for neutralising poisonous gases from explosives produced during blasting
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
  • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
  • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
  • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids

Definitions

• the invention relates to applied chemistry, more specifically to the generation of gases of low temperature for various purposes.
• the weight and size of the system for providing the gas for power generation is also an important consideration.
• gas generating processes based on the decomposition or burning of chemical propellants and other compositions are frequently being used for a number of purposes. It is known that gas for inflation can be generated by decomposition or burning of solid materials, such as azides. However, these materials have the disadvantage that they generate a very hot gas, which is often unwanted, because of the hazards thereof to the environment or the object to be inflated.
• the present invention is based on the use of a generator of cold gas by using the endothermal decomposition of a product made of gas penetrable solid material.
• the invention accordingly provides for a process for generating a gas, comprising providing a gas having a temperature of at most 100°C, by using the endothermal decomposition of a product made of gas penetrable solid material.
• the hot gas generated by the burning of a solid material passes through the porous material.
• the heat of decomposition needed is given off by the hot gas, which cools as a consequence thereof.
• the decomposition can consist of an endothermal reaction, or of a phase transition of the solid porous material.
• phase transition are melting, evaporation and sublimation.
• the present invention can be used especially for all kinds of systems, that are carried out at difficult locations, such as in unpopulated areas, on sea or under the water, for rescue and salvage operations, and the like.
• Examples thereof are the provision of a specific gas or a gas of a specific temperature for blanketing or passivation purposes. This includes producing gases for welding, like aluminium or spot welding.
• inventions for removing (flushing) unwanted gases, such as in gasoline or kerosene tanks, one may use the invention. Further embodiments include the cooling or heating of materials, by flushing them with the gas generated in accordance with the invention. Examples the heating of materials in extremely cold regions, for example in polar expeditions.
• inventions include the generation of a specific gas or gas mixture for certain purposes.
• gases are hydrogen, deuterium, oxygen, nitrogen and the like.
• a method of generating cold gases is used, based on the endothermal decomposition of a product made of gas penetrable solid material.
• the gas penetratable solid material comprises a nitrogen (or other gas) source and a heat absorbing mixture, whereby the gaseous reaction products are cooled by passing the hot gases through the porous body of the product in the moving direction of the reaction front.
• the hot gases heat the porous body to a temperature necessary to support the endothermic chemical reaction taking place.
• the heating of the porous body is necessary to enable the main reaction.
• the decomposition of the cooling agent is also an endothermic chemical reaction.
• the type of gas generating material can be freely selected among the suitable propellant or other gas generating materials.
• the gas to be generated will be nitrogen, but it is also possible to use oxygen, hydrogen or a suitable mixture of gases.
• the high temperature burning gases are passed through the layer of the cooling agent or the heat exchanger and the temperature of the gases decreases as a result of the endothermal decomposition process of, or heat absorption by the cooling agent.
• the degree of cooling of the generated gas depends on the nature of the cooling agent, the mass of the cooling agent, which can sometimes exceeds the mass of the gas-generating composition. Generally the gas is cooled to a temperature below 100°C, but a value within the range of 25 to 75°C is preferred.
• the decomposition reaction generally results in Na and the gas.
• the formed gas is blown off and the slag remains.
• This slag comprises of the remains of cementing agent and cooling agent and metallic sodium.
• This highly chemically reactive sodium is thus generated.
• This highly reactive material will accumulate in the condensed burning products and thus provides a potential hazard for persons involved. When moisture is present this can result in vigorous and dangerous reactions taking place in combination with the generation of the highly flammable and explosive hydrogen.
• this problem can easily be overcome by the use of a gas generator comprising a first body, comprising means for the generation of gas, and a second body, comprising means for the generation of a neutralisation agent, wherein means are present for contacting the neutralisation agent with the reaction products formed in the generation of gas in the first body, and wherein means are present for operating the means in the second body at a temporal and/or spatial interval with the means in the first body.
• the principle encompasses two gas generators in one housing.
• a first gas generator with the primary task of generating gas of low temperature
• a second gas generator with the primary task of generating neutralising compounds for the slag obtained from the first gas generator.
• the first gas generator contains a composition from which gas of low temperature can be obtained by the decomposition of a gas generating composition in the form of a gas penetrable solid material wherein the generated gaseous products are passed through the porous body in the moving direction of the reaction front.
• the second gas generator (the neutraliser) is another composition, comprising a gas generating composition together with an effective neutraliser compound, for instance sulphur.
• an effective neutraliser compound for instance sulphur.
• gas and vaporised sulphur is generated at a time and space interval with the first gas generator.
• the gas and vaporised sulphur is generated at a rate and a manner that the effective neutralisation of slag is accomplished and the vaporised sulphur is not emitted.
• the vaporised sulphur reacts with the reaction products from the first gas generator such that the products are effectively neutralised.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8171450

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Citations (9)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 2000
  • 2000-05-02 EP EP00201612A patent/EP1151978A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 2001
  • 2001-05-02 AU AU2001255100A patent/AU2001255100A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2001-05-02 WO PCT/NL2001/000331 patent/WO2001083402A1/fr not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (9)

Non-Patent Citations (7)

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