EP1168896A2 - Dispositif, notamment torche pour la production de plasma - Google Patents

Dispositif, notamment torche pour la production de plasma Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1168896A2
EP1168896A2 EP01112776A EP01112776A EP1168896A2 EP 1168896 A2 EP1168896 A2 EP 1168896A2 EP 01112776 A EP01112776 A EP 01112776A EP 01112776 A EP01112776 A EP 01112776A EP 1168896 A2 EP1168896 A2 EP 1168896A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
boundary element
boundary
hollow chamber
treated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01112776A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1168896B1 (fr
EP1168896A3 (fr
Inventor
Ferdinand Ing. Stempfer
Reinhard Ing. Indraczek
Franz Ing. Baumgartner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SBI Produktion techn Anlagen GmbH
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1168896A2 publication Critical patent/EP1168896A2/fr
Publication of EP1168896A3 publication Critical patent/EP1168896A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1168896B1 publication Critical patent/EP1168896B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3478—Geometrical details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device or a burner for generating plasma for welding, cutting, hardening or sterilizing objects or materials according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a cathode-anode path is built up by means of at least two electrodes or between a central electrode and the workpiece.
  • An arc can then be ignited by a corresponding voltage supply to the cathode-anode section, and if this arc section is adequately supplied with energy, the current flow is maintained, as a result of which the ignited arc can continue to burn.
  • gas is also supplied to the cathode-anode section, which is ionized by the arc and forms a plasma.
  • This plasma which is formed in a discharge chamber receiving the cathode-anode section, then flows out of the discharge chamber, which tapers in the direction of a workpiece to be treated, or the plasma generated exits the burner from an outflow opening which is narrowed in relation to the discharge chamber.
  • the plasma thus accelerated by means of a nozzle formation then acts in the form of a bundled plasma beam in a punctiform manner on the object to be processed.
  • the burner design described above is known for example from DE 35 24 034 A1. In all of these known burners, the plasma generated is concentrated in a jet shape via a nozzle arrangement or a narrowing of the ignition chamber before it emerges from the burner.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a device for generating plasma, which enables a local concentration of thermal energy on the object area to be treated or processed.
  • This object of the invention is achieved by the features specified in claim 1.
  • the advantages that can be achieved by this innovative solution are that the plasma generated remains collected through the created hollow chamber and does not escape prematurely, as a result of which a high concentration or a kind of focusing of the thermal energy on the site to be processed is provided. For this reason, the operating time of the facility can be very are kept short and, thanks to the highly concentrated thermal energy radiation, excellent processing or treatment effects can nevertheless be achieved. This effect is particularly important when producing a welding spot, since very short cycle or welding times can be achieved.
  • the locally clearly defined or largely delimited and highly intensive application of heat to an object by the device according to the invention is also advantageous in flame cutting, in the hardening of materials or in the sterilization of products.
  • a particular advantage of this solution according to the invention also lies in the fact that the surrounding zones are heated only comparatively slightly during the treatment process, in particular during the welding process, as a result of which only minimal thermal stresses on the object or workpiece occur. This effect is particularly useful when welding plates or metal sheets in container construction or body construction.
  • the welding results that can be achieved with the device according to the invention are even comparable to the results of laser welding, but the investment costs for the device according to the invention are only a fraction of those of a laser system.
  • the economy of the device according to the invention is further improved by the much higher efficiency compared to conventional methods and systems. This comparatively more economical parameter is achieved, inter alia, by the fact that the energy consumption remains relatively low after the treatment or welding times can be kept very short.
  • An embodiment according to claim 2 is advantageous since this creates a favorable spatial shape which concentrates or buffers the thermal high-energy radiation around the location to be processed and also achieves a certain reflection of the thermal radiation and a focus on a locally limited area or point ,
  • the features of claim 3 ensure that the thermal heat radiation generated can be directly connected to the object to be treated and an early escape of the heat radiation is prevented.
  • the heat radiation acts in an area defined by the boundary element in a concentrated form on the object and the surrounding areas are more or less decoupled from the heat radiation.
  • the intensity of the energy radiation acting on the respective object or also the size of the impact zone can be adapted to the respective requirements.
  • the embodiment according to claim 12 and / or 13 favors the uniform distribution of the plasma or heat radiation occurring in the hollow or discharge chamber.
  • the advantageous embodiment according to claim 14 makes it much easier to handle manually operated devices. In addition, a high reproducibility of the treatment or welding processes is achieved.
  • the configuration according to claim 15 ensures an optically perfect surface on the object to be treated, and it is also possible to grind the device along the top of the workpiece without leaving any annoying traces.
  • the advantageous embodiment according to one or more of claims 16 to 19 makes it possible to change or adjust the zone of action or the intensity of exposure of the thermal energy or heat radiation to the respective requirements.
  • the machining result for example the welding spot diameter, can be achieved using relatively simple, mechanical means. be adjusted or adjusted accordingly.
  • Short circuits between the boundary element and a workpiece that may be poled differently can be excluded by the configuration according to claim 21.
  • a long service life and an arc which may or may not vary in orientation or in the course is achieved by the configuration according to claim 28.
  • a very simple, yet functional and extremely functionally reliable gas seal which allows the gas to flow into the hollow chamber in a defined manner, but prevents a pulsed escape of the excess pressure via the feed channel for the gas, is achieved by the embodiment according to claim 31 and / or 32.
  • an embodiment according to claim 35 is advantageous because it enables treatments to be carried out or welded connections, in particular spot welded connections, for which the addition of filler materials is not absolutely necessary.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of a system 1 for generating plasma and for using the generated plasma in the field of "welding".
  • the plasma generated can also be used for flame cutting, hardening or sterilizing materials or objects to be treated instead of being used in the “welding” technology area.
  • a device 2 for generating or a corresponding applicator for using the generated plasma is usually done by adapting a current source 3 connected to the device 2 or its operating behavior and / or by changing or converting or replacing the device 2 itself which generates and provides the plasma.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown represents a system 1 or a device 2 for spot welding, cladding welding and / or connection welding and the device 2 can therefore also be referred to as a so-called welding torch.
  • the current source 3 takes over the function of a welding current source.
  • the power source 3, which forms an independent, as compact as possible unit, is connected to the device 2 or to a burner 7 of this type via at least one line 5, in particular via a so-called hose package 6. At least one potential of the electrical energy, in particular the required welding energy, is transmitted to the torch 7 via this hose package 6 or via separate, individually running lines 5.
  • the burner 7 is preferably supplied with the negative potential of the electrical energy by means of an electrical line 8.
  • the positive potential of the electrical energy is preferably fed via a further line 9 to a contacting element 10, for example a clamp, for detachable connection to the object or workpiece to be treated.
  • Such a “separate" supply of the electrical potentials of the welding energy by means of separate lines 8, 9 is provided in particular when generating a direct arc from the torch 7 to the object or workpiece.
  • the line 9 is part of the hose package 6 and then an additional or separate contacting element 10 is not absolutely necessary.
  • the system 1 can also be designed to supply gas 11 or a suitable gas mixture, this gas 11 which can be supplied in a controlled manner supporting the plasma formation.
  • the gas 11 is usually kept in stock in a storage container, in particular in a compressed gas bottle 12.
  • this compressed gas bottle 12 is via a pressure reducing valve 13 and at least one hose 14 with at least one controllable valve in the housing of the power source 3.
  • a further hose line 15 in or separately from the hose package 6 the gas 11 which is removed from the compressed gas bottle 12 in a controlled manner can be fed to the burner 7 or to the object or workpiece to be processed.
  • the system 1 can also have a cooling device 16.
  • the cooling device 16 which preferably uses water as the cooling medium, comprises at least one coolant line 17 between the housing for the power source 3 and the burner 7.
  • At least one flow channel is formed in the burner 7 for an effective transfer of the thermal energy occurring during operation on the burner 7 to the cooling medium.
  • a pump for generating a flow of the cooling medium as required is preferably also arranged in the housing for the current source 3.
  • the cooling liquid or a separate liquid can also be used to generate plasma on the burner 7.
  • a trigger 19, preferably in the form of a pushbutton 20, is arranged on a holding part 18 of the burner 7, preferably in the form of a pushbutton 20, via which the energy supply and / or the gas supply and / or a supply of a welding filler material can be activated or deactivated.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 A possible embodiment of the device 2 according to the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • This device 2 to be guided manually, or the burner 7 accordingly, comprises the holding part 18 to be gripped by a user and a burner head 21.
  • the burner head 21 is oriented angularly with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the holding part 18.
  • the angle occupied between the burner head 21 and the longitudinal central axis of the holding part 18 is preferably obtuse. Accordingly, this angle can have a value between 90 ° and 180 °.
  • the burner head 21 is preferably detachably connected to the holding part 18 by means of a positive and / or frictional connection and / or by means of a screw connection.
  • the positive connection between the burner head 21 and the holding part 18 can be formed by any screw connections 22 known from the prior art and / or by suitable snap-in and snap connections 23 known from the prior art in a variety of ways.
  • An advantage of this, if necessary, detachable connection between the burner head 21 and the holding part 18 or the corresponding handle part is that either different burner heads 21 corresponding to the different requirements can be optionally installed or, on the other hand, a defective burner head 21 that is subject to a certain useful life can be easily replaced by a new burner head 21 without having to replace the entire burner 7.
  • the holding part 18 consists of an electrically insulating and, if possible, poorly heat-conducting, rod-shaped carrier element 24 made of plastic or the like. At least partial areas of the carrier element 24 can be surrounded by a non-slip, preferably also thermally insulating handle part 25.
  • the supply lines for supplying the electrical energy and / or the gas 11 and / or a welding filler material are also formed in or on the handle part 25.
  • the line 8 serves to transmit at least one pole of the electrical energy to the burner head 21 and has at least one contact point 26 in the transition region between the burner head 21 and the carrier element 24 for electrical connection to at least one electrode 27 of the burner 7.
  • At least one inflow channel 28 is provided in the carrier element 24 for supplying the plasma gas which may be used into the area of the burner head 21.
  • at least one sealing device 29 is formed for a flow-tight transition between the inflow channel 28 in the grip part 25 and the burner head 21.
  • the inflow channel 28 preferably opens into an intermediate chamber 30 in the burner head 21 which is enlarged in cross section compared to the inflow channel 28.
  • the intermediate chamber 30 is preferably formed in an upper end region of the burner head 21 and becomes the intermediate chamber 30, into which the gas 11 flows at a defined pressure. in the vertical direction from the Electrode 27 passes through.
  • the intermediate chamber 30 By passing through the intermediate chamber 30 with the supplied gas 11 from the electrode 27, cooling of the relatively high temperature exposed electrode 27 is achieved after the electrode 27 or its outer jacket is flowed around by the comparatively cool gas 11 before it is in the lower end region of the Electrode 27 or in the region of the electrode tip leaves a relatively narrow flow channel 31 between the intermediate chamber 30 and the electrode tip.
  • the flow channel 31, like the electrode 27, runs largely in the middle of the burner head 21, the electrode 27 being aligned centrally to the flow channel 31.
  • At least the central region of the electrode 27 is preferably cylindrical and thus the electrode 27 runs concentrically to a circular bore in the burner head 21.
  • a diameter 32 of this bore in the burner head 21 is slightly larger than a diameter 33 of the electrode 27 passing through this flow channel 31 at least one gap 34 between the electrode 27 and the burner head 21.
  • a length 35 of the flow channel 31 or the gap 34 measured in the longitudinal direction of the electrode 27 is many times greater than a width 36 of the gap 34 or the flow channel 31 the length 35 of the flow channel 31 is 10 to 15 times the width 36 of the gap 34.
  • the gap 34 between the electrode 27 and the body for the burner head 21 usually has a width of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.
  • the length 35 of the flow channel 34 is a multiple of the effectively free flow cross-section, a type of gas seal is achieved which prevents gas 11 from flowing back or gas pressure pulses from the area of the electrode tip in the direction of the intermediate chamber 30 , ie contrary to the usual flow direction in the inflow channel 28, prevented or at least throttled.
  • the configuration of the flow channel 31 thus forms a type of backflow throttle or check valve in the area of the electrode tip or in the area around the electrode 27.
  • the electrode 27 is preferably used as a cathode, ie the negative potential of the electrical energy supplied is applied to the electrode 27.
  • the positive potential of the energy required for treating an object 37 or workpiece 38 is - as described above - applied directly to the electrically conductive object 37 or workpiece 38. Accordingly, a cathode-anode path 39 can be built up with the burner 7, an arc 40 being able to be generated within the cathode-anode path 39 when a corresponding electrical voltage potential is applied from the current source.
  • the electrode 27 is formed by a non-melting, high-temperature-resistant electrode 27 made of tungsten, made of a tungsten alloy or of another material suitable for this purpose, such as this in the most varied composition are known from the prior art.
  • the area in which the arc 40 is ignited and then continues to burn until the system 1 is deactivated is at least partially surrounded or enveloped by a boundary element 42 forming a cavity or a hollow chamber 41.
  • the electrode 27 is at least partially surrounded by the boundary element 42 forming the hollow chamber 41.
  • the end region of the electrode 27 is surrounded by the hollow chamber 41 at which the arc 40 is formed or at which electrode tip the arc 40 starts.
  • the electrode tip projects at least partially into the hollow chamber 41 formed by the boundary element 42 between the torch head 21 and the object 37 or workpiece 38 to be treated.
  • the electrode tip or the end of the electrode 27 facing the object 37 or workpiece 38 projects in the process freely into the hollow chamber 41, ie the electrode 27 is not in direct contact with the interfaces of the hollow chamber 41.
  • an inlet can be created between the electrode tip and the boundary element 42 for the gas 11 to flow into the hollow chamber 41, and on the other hand direct heat transfer between the electrode tip and the boundary element 42 is avoided.
  • the boundary element 42 is formed from a high-temperature-resistant, electrically insulating material.
  • the burner head or the element forming the hollow chamber 41 is preferably formed from oxide ceramics, for example from aluminum oxide ceramic. Of course, it is also possible to use any other materials which have a high temperature resistance to form the delimitation element 42 or the burner head 21.
  • the spatial shape of the hollow chamber 41 or the recess 43 in which the arc 40 burns or in which the energy radiation or the plasma is present is intended 42 cause focusing of the plasma existing in the hollow chamber 41 and the prevailing thermal energy radiation onto the object 37 or workpiece 38 to be treated, for example to be welded.
  • the boundary element 42 can form a dome-like or dome-like hollow chamber 41 in the region above the cathode-anode section 39.
  • the spatially shaped recess 43 is thus provided in the burner head 21 and, in combination with the workpiece 38, forms the hollow chamber 41.
  • the boundary element 42 with the recess 43 is open in the area to be assigned to the material or object 37 to be treated and becomes a largely closed hollow chamber 41 in combination or in cooperation with the top of the material or object 37 to be treated or processed created in which the generated plasma is present.
  • the open area of the recess 43 always faces the material or object 37 to be treated.
  • the end of the electrode 27 or the electrode tip lies in the region of the recess 43 facing away from the object or workpiece surface. With reference to the vertical direction in the illustration, depending on the dimensions of the recess 43, the electrode tip can also be located in the central region or in the lower end region of the recess 42.
  • the volume of the hollow chamber 41 is relatively small, so that an overpressure on the one hand by the inflowing gas 11, but above all by the high temperatures as a result of the prevailing plasma in the hollow chamber 41 which forms a type of microchamber relative to the ambient pressure around the burner 7, is easily established. In the operating state of the burner 7, an overpressure can therefore be built up relatively quickly in the largely closed hollow chamber 41.
  • the end region of the burner head 21 that is to be turned toward the object 37 to be treated has a recess 43 with a polygonal cross section.
  • the boundary surface 44 of the recess 43 is segmented when viewed in cross section and has a plurality of partial surfaces running at an angle to one another.
  • the spatial shape of the recess 43 or the shape of the corresponding reflector 45 is in turn chosen such that focusing or concentration of the thermal energy or of the plasma generated in the hollow chamber 41 is achieved on the point on the object 37 to be processed.
  • An opening width of the recess 43 in the burner head 21 increases continuously from a region closest to the electrode tip in the direction of an end region of the burner head 21 which is to be assigned to the object 37.
  • an opening width or an opening cross section of the recess 43 increases with increasing Distance to the electrode tip, as can be clearly seen in the embodiments according to FIGS. 2 to 4.
  • the hollow chamber 41 or recess 43 shown is therefore the functional opposite of a nozzle arrangement.
  • a secondary gas jacket 71 flow around the lower portion of the burner head 21 or the boundary element 42, as was indicated by dashed lines.
  • a nozzle 72 can be formed in the peripheral region of the burner head 21, the gas jacket 71 being located between the outer surface of the Burner head 21 and the inner surface of the nozzle 72 is formed.
  • This gas jacket 71 can be provided for cooling the burner head 21 and for creating a protective gas jacket around the welding point.
  • a suitable gas 11 also flows around the recess 43 or the boundary element 42 in the outer region.
  • the outflow opening 49 can be created by maintaining a distance between the underside of the burner head 21 and the upper side 47 of the object 37.
  • Such an application of the burner 7 is possible without any problems, especially when used in combination with robots.
  • the end facing the object 37 has its own layer or a ring as a thermal and / or electrical insulator 73.
  • This insulator 73 also prevents the formation of undesired electrical connections between the counter electrode 67 and the object 37.
  • the workpiece 38 can also serve as a counter electrode 67, in particular as an anode 68, so that the primary arc 40 burns between the tip of the electrode 27 and the object 37.
  • the diameter of the boundary element 42 or the burner head 21 can be approximately 4 mm to approximately 40 mm, depending on the required power.
  • the largest diameter of the recess 43 can be between 3 mm and 30 mm in conventional designs in relation to the thermal energy to be provided.
  • the height of the recess 43 or the hollow chamber 41 can be approximately 1 mm to 20 mm, depending on the selected electrode distance from the object surface.
  • FIG. 6 Another embodiment of the device 2 according to the invention is shown in section in FIG. 6.
  • the same reference numerals are used for parts already described above and the respective parts of the description can be transferred to them.
  • This burner 7 or burner head 21 is primarily designed for machining workpieces 38 that are oriented at an angle to one another.
  • this burner 7 makes it possible to form a fillet weld between two sheets 61 which are oriented at an angle to one another.
  • a feed device 63 can be provided for the controlled feed of an additional material 64, for example a welding wire.
  • An essential feature of this embodiment is that the end faces 50 of the burner head 21 do not run at right angles to the longitudinal central axis 52, but rather at an oblique angle, in particular at an acute angle to the longitudinal central axis 52.
  • the interface 44 of the recess 43 in the boundary element 42 is in turn arch-like. In cross section, this is represented by a concave recess 43 in the boundary element 42.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a workpiece 38 which was produced with the aid of the device 2 according to the invention.
  • a circular opening 74 was incorporated into at least one or more sheets 61 lying one above the other.
  • the circular opening 74 can be created especially when using a recess with a circular cross section in the burner head 21. If the opening cross section or the cross section of the recess of the burner head 21 has different types of shapes, the opening 74 made with these burner heads 21 also takes on corresponding forms. So it is e.g. possible to form approximately triangular, rectangular or polygonal openings 74 in objects 37. These openings 74 with almost any shape are created by concentrated radiation of high thermal energy.
  • FIG. 11 shows a further embodiment of a recess 43 in the boundary element 42.
  • the wall areas of the recess 43 are largely aligned parallel to the longitudinal central axis 52 of the burner head 21. That the recess 43 has a largely cylindrical shape.
  • the transition area between the cylindrical wall surfaces of the recess 43 and the upper boundary surface thereof can be rectangular or, as shown in dashed lines, rounded.
  • the electrode 27 is arranged centrally to the cylindrical recess 43 and preferably projects at least slightly into the interior of the recess 43.
  • Such a burner head 21 is particularly suitable for producing openings 74 or so-called “welded holes”, as can be seen from FIG. 7.
  • the end region of the boundary element 42 to be assigned to the object to be treated or the recess 43 is widened in cross-section in the form of a wedge or trumpet.
  • the end of the electrode 27 is placed in the tip region of this continuously widening recess 43.
  • the transition region between the flow channel 31 of the burner head 21 into the cavity 41 or into the recess 43 is again constricted.
  • This constriction in the transition area between the flow channel 31 and the cavity 41 in turn serves as a so-called gas seal or as a valve for throttling the backflow effect.
  • the constriction in the transition area is preferably formed from the material of the boundary element 42.
  • the tip of the electrode 27 is preferably also placed at the same height as this constriction point.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
EP01112776A 2000-05-30 2001-05-28 Dispositif, notamment torche, pour la production de plasma Expired - Lifetime EP1168896B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT9412000 2000-05-30
AT0094100A AT413253B (de) 2000-05-30 2000-05-30 Einrichtung, insbesondere brenner zur erzeugung von plasma

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1168896A2 true EP1168896A2 (fr) 2002-01-02
EP1168896A3 EP1168896A3 (fr) 2005-12-21
EP1168896B1 EP1168896B1 (fr) 2009-12-30

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EP01112776A Expired - Lifetime EP1168896B1 (fr) 2000-05-30 2001-05-28 Dispositif, notamment torche, pour la production de plasma

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Country Link
EP (1) EP1168896B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT413253B (fr)
DE (1) DE50115283D1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008061602A1 (fr) * 2006-11-23 2008-05-29 Plasmatreat Gmbh Procédé et dispositif pour produire un plasma, et utilisations du plasma
WO2019193297A1 (fr) * 2018-04-06 2019-10-10 Addup Dispositif de chauffage localise pour appareil de fabrication additive

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3935418A (en) * 1974-04-17 1976-01-27 Sealectro Corporation Plasma gun including external adjustable powder feed conduit and infrared radiation reflector
SU1234104A1 (ru) * 1983-01-10 1986-05-30 Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский,Проектно-Конструкторский И Технологический Институт Электросварочного Оборудования Плазменна горелка
SE444902B (sv) * 1983-09-29 1986-05-20 Adolf Gunnar Gustafson Skerbrennare
DE3524034A1 (de) * 1985-07-05 1987-01-08 Wilhelm Dinse Vorrichtung zum plasmaschneiden von metallischen werkstuecken
FR2609591B1 (fr) * 1987-01-13 1990-12-07 Soudure Autogene Francaise Coiffe pour torche de travail a l'arc et torche correspondante
DE3841325A1 (de) * 1988-12-08 1990-06-13 Umbert Schulz Als flachduese ausgebildete schutzgasduese fuer schutzgasschweissbrenner
US5023425A (en) * 1990-01-17 1991-06-11 Esab Welding Products, Inc. Electrode for plasma arc torch and method of fabricating same
US5334813A (en) * 1993-09-20 1994-08-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Adminstrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Metal inert gas welding system for use in vacuum

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008061602A1 (fr) * 2006-11-23 2008-05-29 Plasmatreat Gmbh Procédé et dispositif pour produire un plasma, et utilisations du plasma
WO2019193297A1 (fr) * 2018-04-06 2019-10-10 Addup Dispositif de chauffage localise pour appareil de fabrication additive
FR3079774A1 (fr) * 2018-04-06 2019-10-11 Addup Dispositif de chauffage localise pour appareil de fabrication additive

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1168896B1 (fr) 2009-12-30
AT413253B (de) 2005-12-15
EP1168896A3 (fr) 2005-12-21
ATA9412000A (de) 2005-05-15
DE50115283D1 (de) 2010-02-11
ATE454029T1 (de) 2010-01-15

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