EP1173983A1 - Procede et appareil d'acheminement local d'appels sans frais d'interurbain - Google Patents

Procede et appareil d'acheminement local d'appels sans frais d'interurbain

Info

Publication number
EP1173983A1
EP1173983A1 EP00928522A EP00928522A EP1173983A1 EP 1173983 A1 EP1173983 A1 EP 1173983A1 EP 00928522 A EP00928522 A EP 00928522A EP 00928522 A EP00928522 A EP 00928522A EP 1173983 A1 EP1173983 A1 EP 1173983A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
termination point
nxx
npa
local
call
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00928522A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Prem Uppaluru
Mukesh Sundaram
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telera Inc
Original Assignee
Telera Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telera Inc filed Critical Telera Inc
Publication of EP1173983A1 publication Critical patent/EP1173983A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/0016—Arrangements providing connection between exchanges
    • H04Q3/0029—Provisions for intelligent networking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
    • H04M3/50—Centralised arrangements for answering calls; Centralised arrangements for recording messages for absent or busy subscribers ; Centralised arrangements for recording messages
    • H04M3/51—Centralised call answering arrangements requiring operator intervention, e.g. call or contact centers for telemarketing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of telecommunication, and more particularly to the management of toll free telephone calls.
  • LECs Local telephone companies
  • LATA Local Access Transport Area
  • IECs interexchange carriers
  • Each long distance telephone call made by a user includes fees that the IEC pays to the originating and terminating LECs over whose facilities that call also traveled. Those fees, which are designed to recover the costs to LECs for use of their facilities, are referred to as access charges.
  • access charges are applied for both incoming and outgoing calls. Thus, they tend to apply even for businesses that use toll free (e.g., 800) service.
  • ESPs enhanced services providers
  • So-called “enhanced” services are generally defined as services provided by telecommunications providers that involve subscriber interaction with stored data (i.e., database access), protocol conversion or a change in the form or content of the information sent or received by the caller.
  • the tariff discrepancy comes about because the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) classifies ESPs as "end users" rather than
  • carriers for purposes of the access charge rules.
  • ESPs are considered end users when they purchase services from local telephone companies.
  • ESPs pay the same rates as any other local phone service customer, and these rates are set separately in each state.
  • long-distance companies are considered carriers, and they pay interstate access charges regulated by the FCC.
  • Examples of ESPs include Internet service providers (ISPs) and as recently as 1997, the FCC reaffirmed that the existing rate structure for ISPs should remain in place.
  • ISPs Internet service providers
  • toll free long distance calls to a call center are redirected to a local call center.
  • the local call center is configured to answer, service, queue and route the call at a local point of presence close to the point of call origination.
  • the local call center may thus provide initial processing of incoming calls; holding and queuing the calls until live operators at the physical call center are available. Once the live operator becomes available, the local call center routes the locally queued calls to the physical call center.
  • the benefit of using a local call center in accordance with the above-described scheme is that the call center service provider will only incur long distance charges for the time that the caller is actually connected to a physical call center operator. Time spent in a hold queue or answering automated menu questions, etc., will not add to the long distance toll charges, because that portion of the call is treated as a local call, terminating at the local call center. Nevertheless, it would reduce costs even further if the call center service provider were able to leverage the access charge exemption currently enjoyed by ESPs.
  • a scheme for routing a call from a user location to a local call termination point is provided.
  • such routing is accomplished by mapping a dialed toll free number to a POTS-routable number within a local rate calling area (LRCA) that includes the user location.
  • LRCA local rate calling area
  • Enhanced services for example, computer processing and/or information access, etc.
  • the call may be routed from the local call termination point to a remote call termination point by mapping the POTS- routable number to another number (e.g., a long distance number) associated with a long distance call termination point.
  • the local call termination point may be a local call center configured to answer, service, queue and/or route the call.
  • the call may be transported over a network configured to use the Internet protocol (IP).
  • IP Internet protocol
  • the local call termination point may be located outside of the caller's LATA.
  • the present scheme takes advantage of this tarrif structure by deploying local call termination points only in selected LATAs and backhauling calls from other LATAs to those locations.
  • Mapping the dialed toll free number to a POTS-routable number generally includes determining an originating NPA-NXX for the user location, matching a routing NPA-NXX for the local call termination point associated therewith, and selecting a line number for the local call termination point according to routing NPA-NXX and the dialed toll free number.
  • the routing NPA-NXX is selected from a first table and the line number is selected from a second table.
  • These tables may be stored as part of an SMS/800 service management system database within a telephony network over which the scheme is deployed. In other cases, the tables may make up a portion of a database that includes call routing information to provide the above-described functionality.
  • Such a database may be stored, for example, at one or more regional service control points within the telephony network.
  • the present scheme provides for a telephony network configured to route a call to a dialed toll free number from a user location to a local call termination point by mapping an NPA-NXX of the user location to an NPA-NXX of the local call termination point and selecting a line number of the local call termination point using the NPA-NXX of the local call termination point and the dialed toll free number.
  • Figure 1 illustrates portions of a conventional telephone network involved in routing a toll free call
  • Figure 2 illustrates portions of a telephone network configured to route toll free calls in accordance with the methods of the present invention
  • Figure 3 illustrates one example of a local call center configured to perform a protocol conversion operation during the routing of a toll free call in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Described herein is a scheme that allows for the identification of selected toll free numbers, conversion of these toll free numbers to POTS (plain old telephone service)- routable numbers, and routing over local access trunks (e.g., to local call centers) for service.
  • the scheme includes a call mapping process that interfaces with the SMS/800 database service management system for toll free call routing. This mapping enables systematic specification of the called number and the carrier identification code (CIC) fields in the SMS/800 system so that each originating call may be directed over the proper local trunk for termination to the correct port at a local call center. This mapping includes the extraction of information from both the calling and called number to compose the local routing number.
  • CIC carrier identification code
  • the present scheme thus enables a number of distinct nationwide toll free numbers to be intercepted for local routing and processing at local call centers and is described below by way of various embodiments that include specific structures and methods. Notwithstanding these particulars, however, it should be remembered that alternative embodiments that include alternative structures and methods may be employed without departing from the broader principles of the invention described herein.
  • toll free service which is a telecommunication service wherein subscribers are assigned a number (e.g., an 800 or 888 number, soon to be expanded to include other three-digit codes) that allows their customers to reach them without toll charges.
  • American Telephone & Telegraph (AT&T) first introduced 800 "toll-free" service in 1967. At that time AT&T was the only IEC and all LECs automatically routed all 800 calls directly to AT&T points of presence (POP) without performing any translation from the dialed 800 number to the true terminating number.
  • POP AT&T points of presence
  • the LECs screened incoming calls, looking for a characteristic set of first three digits (e.g., 800). Upon recognizing this set of first three digits, the LEC would hand over the call routing responsibilities to AT&T, which would decode the rest of the toll free number being dialed. This included performing the number translations and service area validation screenings. In this scheme, every digit in the dialed number had significance for screening and call routing. Thus, it was limited in its capabilities and required users to have separate 800 numbers for in-state and out-of-state calls.
  • a characteristic set of first three digits e.g. 800
  • AT&T introduced its common channel interoffice signaling (CCIS) network and the network services system (NSS) database for providing its own centralized facility for 800 number translation and service provisioning.
  • CCIS common channel interoffice signaling
  • NSS network services system
  • the system required an LEC to screen the first three digits of the dialed number (e.g., 800) and deliver the area code for the call's point of origin.
  • AT&T's database would then determine whether the call was from an area for which the subscriber had purchased service and, if so, would translate the called number (800 XXX-XXX) into a standard ten-digit number which could be routed over AT&T's network.
  • the use of CCIS and the NSS database enabled AT&T to offer customized toll free numbers and other features that gave the service subscriber some control over how and where calls were routed through the network.
  • AT&T After divestiture, AT&T retained the rights to its CCIS network and the NSS database system. However, AT&T made provision for the regional Bell operating companies (RBOCs) to lease database capacity to offer their own intra-LATA toll free service. The plan did not allow the RBOCs to use the NSS to provide exchange access services to other IECs.
  • RBOCs regional Bell operating companies
  • NXX plan This interim service was commonly referred to as the "NXX plan" and used the first six digits of the toll free number (e.g., 800 NXX) to identify the appropriate carrier.
  • NANPA North American Numbering Plan Administrator assigned individual NXX codes to carriers that participated in this arrangement.
  • a major limitation of the six-digit screening technique was that subscribers had to change toll free numbers in order to change service providers. This limitation arose because specific NXX codes were assigned to individual carriers. Changing carriers thus entailed added costs for- subscribers, including new advertising, changes to documentation and forms, and potential loss of business due to customer familiarity with current toll free numbers.
  • the six-digit screening arrangement also limited the selection of toll free numbers that a carrier could offer its customers.
  • the SMS/800 is a computer system that provides an environment for entering call-processing data (e.g., routing information) regarding toll free numbers.
  • a local service switching point e.g., an 800
  • the SSP 12 obtains the routing information from a regional database known as a service control point (SCP) 14.
  • SCP service control point
  • the SCPs each receive (periodically, e.g., every 15 min. or so) routing information that has been entered in the SMS/800 system 16.
  • an SCP upon receiving a query from an SSP, an SCP is able to return the carrier identification code (CIC) of the carrier that will transport the call to its destination number along with appropriate routing information.
  • the routing information may be a translated "plain old telephone service" (POTS) number or the dialed toll free number and routing may be based on special considerations such as the time of day, day of the week, percentage allocation, etc.
  • POTS plain old telephone service
  • CAC carrier access code
  • FIG. 2 suppose a user 20 dials a toll free number to access a remote call center located in a distant LATA. Further suppose that the remote call center has arranged for the call to be routed to an appropriate local call center (LCC) in accordance with the methodologies described in the above-cited co-pending application.
  • LCC local call center
  • the call routes over the local loop to the serving central office SSP 22 of the LEC.
  • SSP 22 the call is recognized as a toll free call and, accordingly, the call is suspended while a query for routing instructions is made to the regional SCP 24.
  • the SCP 24 gathers the associated carrier identification and routing instructions from a local replica of the SMS/800 system database and passes the information to SSP 22.
  • the routing instructions returned to SSP 22 in accordance with the present scheme provide that for each designated called toll free number, the calling and called number will be mapped to a particular POTS-routable number and trunk assignment for a local call center within the user's local rate calling area.
  • a special CIC having a value of "0110" is returned to SSP22. This CIC instructs the SSP22 to route the calls over its own network (i.e., that of the LEC). This ensures that the call remains on the LEC network.
  • the toll-free call originated in an LRCA with NPA-NXX as its originating prefix and suppose further that the called toll-free number is 800-XXX-XXXX.
  • the called toll-free number is 800-XXX-XXXX.
  • two tables are constructed, one with two columns and the other with three.
  • one column e.g., the left hand column
  • the second column e.g., the right hand column
  • the associated NPA-NXX numbers for local routing purposes.
  • the left-most column lists all local routing NPA-NXX numbers serviced by LCC (these values corresponds to those in the second column of the first table noted above).
  • the middle column lists all the valid called toll free numbers handled by the LCC.
  • the right-most column provides the associated unique XXXX line numbers for each toll free number.
  • the routing instructions for calls originating in this LRCA are constructed from these two tables as follows. First, for each toll free call, the originating NPA-NXX is looked up in the left-most column of the first table and the matching routing NPA-NXX is selected from the right-most column of the first table. Second, the routing NPA-NXX and the called toll free number together are looked up in the appropriate columns of the second table and the matching unique XXXX line number is selected from the right-most column thereof. Third, the NPA-NXX selected during the first step is combined with the XXXX line number selected during the second step to form the POTS-routable number handled by the LCC for the original toll free number in that LRCA.
  • a call originating at 408-223-11 11 and suppose that user dials the toll-free number 800-999-7087, associated with a remote call center (e.g., a customer service call center for a business).
  • the call is first intercepted at the SSP associated with the user's calling number and appropriate routing information is requested.
  • the routing information provided is determined using Tables 1 and 2.
  • the user's originating NPA-NXX (in this case 408-223) is determined to be in LRCA 1.
  • This NPA-NXX is mapped to a serving NPA-NXX for the local call center established by the business in that LRCA.
  • the local call center is identified by the NPA-NXX 408-660 (as is the case for all calls originating in LRCA 1).
  • a corresponding line number is obtained from Table 2.
  • that line number is 2400.
  • This line number extension is combined with the NPA-NXX of the local call center to produce the POTS-routable number 408-660- 2400.
  • the dialed toll free number would be routed to 408-660-2400.
  • a call originating at 415-211-1234 (a number originating in LRCA 2) but dialing the same toll- free number, would be routed to 415-651-1980.
  • the LCC that receives the call on either of the above numbers may treat the calls in the same fashion, as the routing numbers are local aliases to the toll-free number 800-999-7087.
  • the routing NPA-NXX is determined by the calling number NPA-NXX.
  • the called toll free number determines the routing XXXX line number.
  • the appropriate POTS-routable number (NPA-NXX-XXXX) and the special CIC (i.e., 01 10) are each assigned, so that the call may be routed over a local access trunk to an LECs local point of interconnection (POI).
  • the SMS/800 database is programmed according to the above instructions for each LRCA serviced by an LCC. In the remaining LRCAs (i.e., those that are not serviced by an LCC), the SMS/800 database is programmed to route the toll free call without translation and with a CIC assigned to the desired IXC. This ensures that in each
  • the calls are routed to the IXC network.
  • any SMS/800 database query originated by a SSP is completed according to the routing instructions described above and call control returns to the serving central office.
  • the call routes over local access trunk facilities extending from the serving central office to the LCC or routes to the IXC network if no such LCC exists for the LRCA.
  • each call may be processed by a computer telephony server as is common in the call center industry.
  • a computer telephony server is able to receive the POTS-routable number to which the toll free number was mapped by the SMS/800 database. For example, using a table similar to Table 3 below, the LCC can determine which toll free number was called and process the call accordingly.
  • the server may create instructions for acceptance, call control, and the corresponding voice response for that number (for example as described in the above-cited co-pending application).
  • a similar table (or at least the information contained therein) may be used within the SMS/800 system to provide mappings between dialed toll free numbers and local numbers (and vice versa).
  • toll free calls enables several advanced telecommunications applications to be deployed in a highly cost-effective manner.
  • One such application is a nationwide enhanced toll free voice communications service.
  • This service may be implemented using computer telephony servers at the LCCs, which use the POTS-routable number obtained by the local routing of a toll free number and further maps it to a matching POTS-routable long distance number or another matching toll free number.
  • the server may optionally interact with the caller and then route the call to the mapped number using the public switched telephony network (PSTN).
  • PSTN public switched telephony network
  • the service can also use the
  • POTS-routable number obtained by the local routing of a toll free number and further map it to a matching Internet Protocol network address and route the call to that address over a local network and or the Internet transporting the voice information over Internet protocol (IP).
  • IP Internet protocol
  • a local call center 30 includes two modules 32 and 34.
  • the modules 32 and 34 may be servers or other computer- based components coupled through a network that utilizes IP to transport information between the modules.
  • modules 32 and 34 may be geographically distributed such that they are not physically co-located. In such cases, the two modules may be coupled though a private wide area network and or the Internet. In other cases, the two modules 32 and 34 may be physically close to one another, coupled through a local area network or other network that utilizes IP or another data transmission protocol.
  • Module 32 receives voice communications from the user over the local access trunk facilities extending from the serving central office as discussed above. That is, module 32 is coupled to receive the user-initiated call to the toll free number through a port coupled to a line corresponding to the POTS-routable number to which that call was mapped. At module 32, that POTS-routable number is mapped to an IP address corresponding to module 34. Such mapping may be done using a look-up table or other mapping arrangement common in the voice-over-IP arts.
  • module 32 is now able to transmit the voice data from the user to module 34 using IP.
  • the voice-to-IP conversion may be performed using techniques common in the art. For example, the voice data may be sampled at an appropriate rate and the resulting digital information may be packetized according to the Internet protocol and transported accordingly across communication link 36 to module 34.
  • the digital data may be reconstructed to voice data (if so desired), and the call mapped to a POTS (or even toll free) number associated with the called business.
  • a mapping may be done using techniques common in the art, for example using a lookup table that associates the incoming IP address used by module 32 with an outgoing POTS number.
  • the call from the user will have been first mapped to a local POTS-routable number to reach LCC 30, then mapped to an IP address for transport between modules 32 and 34, then finally mapped to a POTS (or other) number for final connection to the called party (e.g., the remote call center).
  • Table 4 provides the structure for a mapping of a POTS number to any of an IP address (e.g., to reach module 34), a long distance number (e.g., a customer number) and/or a proxy toll free number (e.g., of the distant call center.
  • IP address e.g., to reach module 34
  • long distance number e.g., a customer number
  • proxy toll free number e.g., of the distant call center.
  • a table having the structure of Table 5 may be used to map an IP address to any of a local POTS #, a long distance number or a proxy 800 number in a similar fashion.
  • the call center provider qualifies for the enhanced services exception to the access charges that would otherwise apply to the long distance call between the LCC and the remote call center.
  • the entire call from the user has now been ' made truly "toll free".
  • the call from the user first terminates at the LCC, within the user's LRCA.
  • this portion of the call is subject only to local rates and not long distance charges.
  • the enhanced services e.g., the protocol conversion operations discussed above or other enhanced services such as voice response, computer processing, database lookups, and/or information accessess
  • the call from the LCC to the remote call center is exempt from access charges under the current FCC regulations.
  • both legs of the call are free from access charges, and the call center service provider may pass these savings along to its customers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
  • Meter Arrangements (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Un appel est acheminé d'un lieu géographique où se trouve l'utilisateur à un point d'arrivée d'appel local au moyen du mappage d'un numéro de libre appel composé sur un numéro pouvant être acheminé par un service téléphonique traditionnel situé dans une zone d'appel à tarif local qui comprend le lieu géographique où se trouve l'utilisateur. Des services améliorés (par exemple, une conversion de protocole, etc.) peuvent exister au niveau du point d'arrivée d'appel local, et, par conséquent, l'appel peut être acheminé du point d'arrivée d'appel local à un point d'arrivée d'appel éloigné au moyen du mappage du numéro pouvant être acheminé par le service téléphonique traditionnel sur un autre numéro (par exemple un numéro interurbain) associé à un point d'arrivée d'appel interurbain. Le numéro de libre appel composé est mappé sur un numéro pouvant être acheminé par le service téléphonique traditionnel et pour ce faire on détermine une partie de numéro NPA-NXX de départ pour le lieu géographique où se trouve l'utilisateur, on fait correspondre un NPA-NXX d'acheminement pour le point d'arrivée d'appel local associé à ce dernier et on sélectionne un numéro de ligne pour le point d'arrivée d'appel local en fonction de l'acheminement NPA-NXX et du numéro de libre appel composé. L'acheminement NPA-NXX est sélectionné dans un premier tableau et le numéro de ligne est sélectionné dans un deuxième tableau. Ces tableaux peuvent être stockés comme faisant partie d'une base de données d'un système de gestion de service SMS/800 au sein d'un réseau téléphonique dans lequel ce programme est mis en oeuvre.
EP00928522A 1999-04-27 2000-04-27 Procede et appareil d'acheminement local d'appels sans frais d'interurbain Withdrawn EP1173983A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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US30014499A 1999-04-27 1999-04-27
US300144 1999-04-27
PCT/US2000/011454 WO2000065850A1 (fr) 1999-04-27 2000-04-27 Procede et appareil d'acheminement local d'appels sans frais d'interurbain

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EP1173983A1 true EP1173983A1 (fr) 2002-01-23

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JP (1) JP2002543697A (fr)
KR (1) KR20020001842A (fr)
AU (1) AU4675100A (fr)
CA (1) CA2372003A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000065850A1 (fr)

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US6721761B2 (en) * 2000-12-20 2004-04-13 American Management Systems, Inc. System for assigning digital identifiers to telephone numbers and IP numbers
US7042999B2 (en) * 2003-08-21 2006-05-09 Mci, Llc. Method and system for providing direct routing of local number portability (LNP) calls to alternate terminations
US9807249B2 (en) 2015-08-26 2017-10-31 David Aldworth Routing of toll-free numbers using a toll-free exchange
US9872156B2 (en) 2015-08-26 2018-01-16 David Aldworth Routing of toll-free numbers and text messages using a toll-free exchange

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4191860A (en) * 1978-07-13 1980-03-04 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Data base communication call processing method
US4757267A (en) * 1987-06-17 1988-07-12 Applied Telematics, Inc. Telephone system for connecting a customer to a supplier of goods
US5136636A (en) * 1991-02-07 1992-08-04 At&T Bell Laboratories Telephone connection to a nearby dealer

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Title
See references of WO0065850A1 *

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Publication number Publication date
AU4675100A (en) 2000-11-10
KR20020001842A (ko) 2002-01-09
WO2000065850A1 (fr) 2000-11-02
JP2002543697A (ja) 2002-12-17
CA2372003A1 (fr) 2000-11-02

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