EP1173996A1 - Rach pour grosses cellules - Google Patents

Rach pour grosses cellules

Info

Publication number
EP1173996A1
EP1173996A1 EP00943534A EP00943534A EP1173996A1 EP 1173996 A1 EP1173996 A1 EP 1173996A1 EP 00943534 A EP00943534 A EP 00943534A EP 00943534 A EP00943534 A EP 00943534A EP 1173996 A1 EP1173996 A1 EP 1173996A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
time
code
radio
stations
codes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00943534A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Egon Schulz
Jürgen Schindler
Markus Dillinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1173996A1 publication Critical patent/EP1173996A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/02—Resource partitioning among network components, e.g. reuse partitioning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/02—Resource partitioning among network components, e.g. reuse partitioning
    • H04W16/12—Fixed resource partitioning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0466—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being a scrambling code

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a radio communication system for data transmission, particularly in the case of large cells and in a channel with random access R ⁇ CH (Random Access CHannel), in which collisions of overlapping signals can occur.
  • R ⁇ CH Random Access CHannel
  • information for example voice, image information or other data
  • information is transmitted with the aid of electromagnetic waves via a radio interface between the sending and receiving station (base station or subscriber station).
  • the electromagnetic waves are emitted at carrier frequencies that lie in the frequency band provided for the respective system.
  • future mobile radio systems with CDMA or TD / CDMA transmission methods via the radio interface for example the UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) or other 3rd generation systems, frequencies in the frequency band of approx. 2000 MHz are provided.
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • DE 198 17 771 discloses a method for message transmission with a finer breakdown of time slots.
  • the probability of collision is reduced in a channel for random access in comparison to the method used in the GSM mobile radio system.
  • a subscriber station With access radio blocks sent, a subscriber station signals to the network that, for example, it wishes to set up a connection.
  • access to a time slot or a part thereof, which is reserved for the access blocks takes place arbitrarily, so that the transmitted signals from several uncoordinated transmitting stations can overlap at the receiving end.
  • the access blocks at the receiving station cannot generally be detected.
  • a participant can certain circumstances are detected in collisions when the received energy of the subscriber is significantly greater, for example 5 dB, than the sum of the other received signals. In this case one speaks of the capture effect.
  • RACH burst an access block
  • the stations try again to send such an access block (RACH burst) according to a predetermined algorithm, as described, for example, in the GSM recommendation.
  • RACH burst an access block
  • Shortening the radio blocks to at least half the duration of the time slot severely limits the capacity of these short radio blocks for information to be transmitted.
  • TDD mode Time Division Duplex
  • B. Time Division Duplex
  • a RACH burst is sent in the upward direction (uplink) by a subscriber station for the first access to the network, ie from z. B. a mobile station from a base station.
  • the R ⁇ CH consists of a short data sequence and a protection period.
  • the guard time is required to allow stations at different distances to access the RACH of the base station. From a certain distance between the mobile station and base station, e.g. B. more than 2 km, the protection time is however so short that a RACH burst from the more distant station u.
  • U. arrives at the base station only after this protection time has expired and falls into a subsequent time slot or into the other RACH burst. This can lead to a data collision in the subsequent time slot and possibly to malfunctions.
  • This extended protection time is determined so that a mobile station can also be used from a distance of e.g. B. 35 km can access a base station without the RACH burst falling into an adjacent time slot.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • larger cells up to a diameter of 140 km.
  • Such large cells are provided, for example, in the coastal area in order to be able to access distant base stations from the sea.
  • two adjacent time slots are provided for the RACH to avoid collisions. This means that the extendend guard period is extended by a time slot.
  • the number of time slots available for the transmission of data or voice is reduced by one time slot.
  • a time slot for a defined R ⁇ CH is also reserved for the first access using an RACH burst.
  • R ⁇ CH or RACH time slot for example, with a cell size of up to approximately 2 km, 32 users or mobile stations can send an RACH burst simultaneously without interfering with one another. In the case of larger cells, with a comparable parameter selection, only 16 mobile stations can access the R ⁇ CH without interference at the same time.
  • RACH bursts are defined in such a way that two RACH bursts, in particular orthogonal in time, fit into a RACH time slot without interference if the mobile stations are no further than 2 km from the base station. That means this REVENGE Bursts must be received within half a time slot without interfering with other subscriber signals.
  • a RACH burst consists e.g. Example of two data fields (data), an intermediate midamble (MA) and a final guard period (gp) as Darge in Table 1 represents ⁇ is.
  • the midamble serves as a training sequence known to the base station.
  • the R ⁇ CH is separated by two parameters, a spreading code and a transmission time of the RACH burst.
  • 16 spreading codes are provided in the TDD mode.
  • Two times are defined as transmission times, one at the beginning (tO) of a RACH time slot and one in the middle (tl) thereof.
  • tO beginning
  • tl middle
  • these parameters allow 32 mobile stations to access one RACH.
  • Table 2 outlines such an access scheme with extended protection times (egp).
  • a RACH burst may only be sent at the beginning of a RACH time slot. However, this reduces the capacity to a maximum of 16 mobile stations, which can send an RACH burst at the same time and can be detected.
  • the protection time of the RACH bursts is increased. This, however, be ⁇ indicates a reduction in the data fields of the RACH bursts and thus reduces the amount of information that can be transmitted in RACH.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and a radio communication system in which the access - especially in the future mobile radio standard UMTS in TDD mode - even with large cells with a radius of z. B. is improved more than 2 km.
  • a second time slot does not have to be reserved for the R ⁇ CH of a station, in particular the base station, even with large cells.
  • the information rate of the RACH burst advantageously remains the same compared to the known system.
  • signals from the transmitters with codes from different code sets do not interfere with one another, since no code overlaps can occur between them.
  • a particularly advantageous application for the method according to the invention is the uplink of the radio interface, the transmitting stations being subscriber stations and the receiving station being the base station. Coordination between the subscriber stations is usually difficult. The coordination would tie up transmission resources and, for example, delay the establishment of a connection. In addition to resource requests, short confirmation messages are also advantageous use cases for the radio blocks that are sent without prior resource allocation.
  • the time slot reserved for the transmission of the radio blocks can be part of a TDMA frame or just a period of time during a continuous transmission process. If the radio blocks are spread with individual spreading codes, a channel in which the radio blocks are transmitted is formed by a frequency band, a spreading code and a time slot. The spreading codes allow a further differentiation of radio blocks arriving at the same time by the code quantity assignment. The method can thus be integrated into a 3rd generation digital mobile radio system.
  • the receiving base station can determine the distance and / or direction of a mobile station looking for a connection on the basis of the knowledge of the code quantity selection criterion. This enables targeted allocation of resources.
  • the distance from a base station can be estimated in a mobile station using a variety of different methods.
  • various types of information sent via the BCCH and / or a channel impulse response can be used.
  • Environmental influences can also be taken into account.
  • TDD time division duplex TDD subscriber separation method
  • FDD frequency division duplex FDD frequency division duplex
  • Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a known mobile radio system
  • F Fiigg. 2 2 shows a schematic representation of the frame structure of the TDD transmission method
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of access blocks for large cells
  • Fig. 4 a flow chart of the signal evaluation
  • F Fiigg. 5 5 a schematic representation of further access blocks for large cells
  • 6 shows a simplified block diagram of a base station.
  • the mobile radio system shown in FIG. 1 as an example of a known radio communication system consists of a large number of mobile switching centers MSC which are networked with one another or which provide access to a fixed network PSTN. Furthermore, these mobile switching centers MSC are each connected to at least one device RNM for allocating radio resources. Each of these devices RNM in turn enables a connection to at least one base station BS. Such a base station BS can connect via a radio interface to subscriber stations, e.g. to build mobile stations MS or other mobile and stationary devices. At least one radio cell Z is formed by each base station BS. In the case of sectorization or hierarchical cell structures, several radio cells Z are also supplied per base station BS.
  • FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, existing connections VI, V2, V3 for the transmission of useful information and signaling information between mobile stations MS and a base station BS and a request for resource allocation in an access channel R ⁇ CH by another mobile station MS.
  • short confirmation messages can also be transmitted in the R ⁇ CH access channel.
  • An operations and maintenance center OMC implements control and maintenance functions for the mobile radio system or for parts thereof.
  • the functionality of this structure can be transferred to other radio communication systems, in particular for subscriber access networks with a wireless subscriber line.
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • a frequency band extends over a frequency range B.
  • Some of the time slots ts0 to ts8 are used in the downward direction DL (downlink from BS to MS) and some of the time slots ts9 to tsl5 are used in the upward direction UL (uplink from MS to BS).
  • the frequency band for the upward direction UL corresponds to the frequency band for the downward direction DL. The same is repeated for other carrier frequencies.
  • Radio blocks for the transmission of user data consist of sections with data d, in which training sequences known at the receiving end are sometimes embedded.
  • the data d with 1..N symbols are spread individually for each connection with a fine structure, a subscriber code c, so that, for example, n connections can be separated at the receiving end by this CDMA component (CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access).
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • a physical channel is thereby identified by a frequency band B, a time slot, e.g. ts6, and a subscriber code c formed.
  • several physical resources are usually linked to a logical channel. For example, 8 physical resources are required for the 144 kbit / s service in the uplink and downlink.
  • the spreading of individual symbols of the data d has the effect that Tchip duration Qchips are transmitted within the symbol duration Tsym.
  • the Q chips form the connection-specific subscriber code c.
  • a protection time gp (guard period) is provided within the time slot ts to compensate for different signal propagation times of the signals of the connections.
  • the UMTS / TDD radio interface parameters used are advantageously:
  • Chip rate 4096 Mcps frame duration: 10 ms
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplex
  • transmission means - not shown - send the mobile station MS in an access channel R ⁇ CH a radio block B0 in the upward direction UL, which is designed as an access block (RACH burst) and can contain an identifier of the mobile station MS and / or service requests.
  • RACH burst access block
  • This identifier of the mobile station MS is contained in FIG. 3 in a data component s, in particular a data component d.
  • the individual distinction is given by the spreading code c.
  • the mobile stations are z. B. via the broadcast control channel (BCCH) in the system information that the spreading codes c are divided into two sets Ml and M2.
  • the quantities M1 and M2 are advantageously disjoint.
  • the mobile station MS which wants to establish a connection, also receives - as can also be seen in FIG. 4 - the in- formation that, for access or connection, a spreading code c ⁇ from either USAGE the amount Ml or M2 ⁇ is, when the mobile station MS in a near Be ⁇ is rich to the base station BS around. Otherwise, i.e. at a greater distance of z. B. more than 2 km from the base station BS, the mobile station MS has to use to Verbin ⁇ dung construction of a spreading code of the other set (ie ent ⁇ speaking M2 and Ml).
  • the resource allocation is performed so that the near gelege ⁇ may send NEN mobile stations MS to the beginning (to) and in the middle (tl) of the RACH time slot, while the ent ⁇ fernten mobile stations MS, only the start of the RACH time slot (tO ) may send.
  • Table 3 gives a first example of a distribution of the spreading codes c, with which a maximum of 26 mobile stations can access the network at the same time with the aforementioned frame parameters.
  • Ml j ( 20) nearby mobile stations MS and 1 x
  • ( 6) remote mobile stations MS access the network simultaneously or at times t0 and tl of a RACH time slot.
  • Table 4 shows another example, in which a total of 22 participants can access the RACH time slot simultaneously without collisions.
  • the BCCH communicates the maximum transmission power Pmax with which the BCCH is transmitting.
  • Pathloss dP depends not only on the actual distance but also on the environmental conditions, the so-called environments such as Pico, Micro or Macro, in which there are different propagation conditions for the electromagnetic signals.
  • Pico small network with a radius of less than 100 m, e.g. office building
  • Micro network with a cell radius less than 500 m, such as inner city areas
  • Macro network with a cell radius of up to approx. 2 to 5 km or larger in rural areas or suburbs.
  • an environment information can be transmitted over the BCCH in addition that indicates which of the products contained environment for ⁇ constricting cell characteristic.
  • a corresponding formula for determining the corrected pathloss can be contained in the mobile station MS and / or transmitted from the base station via the BCCH.
  • information can also be transmitted directly via the BCCH, which information indicates to which uncorrected pathloss dP which distance or which spreading code quantity M1 or M2 belongs.
  • a pathloss comparison value Pdistance dependent on the base station BS or on one of its cells Z can be transmitted.
  • This pathloss comparison value Pdistance is then received by the mobile station MS that wants to initiate access and compared with the calculated pathloss dP or directly with the transmission power RXLEV measured by the mobile station. If RXLEV or dP is less than or equal to the Pathloss comparison value Pdistance, it is a nearby mobile station MS. When making a comparison, be careful about the sign. If the sign is minus, the comparison must be larger.
  • the mobile station MS accordingly selects a spreading code c from the first set Ml. Otherwise, it is a remote mobile station MS that has to select a spreading code c from the second set M2.
  • the distance is estimated, inter alia, from the course of the channel impulse response.
  • Different channel impulse responses arise from the fact that a transmitted impulse reaches the receiver via several mutually different propagation paths, e.g. B. on the direct W e and / or after reflections on various scatter objects. That is, instead of a single transmitted pulse, the receiver receives a plurality of time and amplitude zuein ⁇ other shifted pulses, the impulse response.
  • the impulse response is individual for each environment.
  • the mobile Sta ⁇ tion MS could therefore close by itself on the Environment and a corresponding path loss formula apply.
  • a spread code c is taken from the set Ml for the RACH burst and the RACH can be accessed either at times t0 or tl. Otherwise, a spreading code c from the set M2 must be selected for the access and the mobile station MS may only send the RACH burst at the time tO of the RACH time slot.
  • a fourth method does not require the transmission of special distance information via the BCCH.
  • a rough estimate of the distance between a mobile station MS and a base station BS is made directly on the basis of the delay spread of the channel impulse response described above. Because of the duration of the impulse response or the temporal distance of the x first impulses, the receiver can determine the geographical distance of the
  • the amount Ml or M2 of the spreading codes c to be used can be determined analogously to the first method.
  • the number of spreading codes c can be managed for individual base stations BS and / or also additionally by the operations and maintenance center OMC or the base station BS itself.
  • An automatic traffic-dependent adjustment of the spreading code quantities M1 and M2 is particularly advantageous due to the current traffic volume from different distances. In case of a A daptation by one of the base stations BS informs these the O perations- and maintenance center OMC.
  • RACH time slots e.g. B. could be formed from several successive time slots, can also be subdivided for the recording of more than two temporally orthogonal and / or longer radio blocks or RACH bursts.
  • the division of the codes (M1, M2) does not necessarily have to be purely dependent on the distance.
  • a direction-dependent or direction-dependent and distance-dependent division of the code quantities (MI, M2) can be carried out for individual cells of a base station (BS).
  • a spatial division in connection with adaptive antennas or sectorized cells, which are used for example in SDMA (Space Division Multiple Access).
  • SDMA Space Division Multiple Access
  • Such systems are referred to when using spreading codes, for example as SCDMA systems, and when using a TDD structure as TD / SCDMA.
  • a base station BS which is equipped with 3 directional antennas (3 sectors at e.g. 120 degrees) can use disjoint spreading codes for the RACH burst.
  • the total amount of spreading codes is divided, for example, into 3 disjoint amounts, ie a subset for each sector.
  • a nearby mobile station MS to establish the connection, in particular also in Fig. 5
  • Darge ⁇ presented radio blocks Bl or emitted B2 which a data component S as ⁇ Lich have an extended guard time portion EGP the radio block BO and zusharm.
  • the radio blocks Bl and B2 are structured differently.
  • the first radio block B1 takes up the first half of the time slot ts10, while the second radio block B2 takes up the second half.
  • the complementary half is filled in by the extended protection time component egp.
  • the radio blocks Bl and B2 together with the extended protection time component egp, fill the entire time slot ts10 of the access channel (see also Tab. 2).
  • the first and second radio blocks B1 and B2 contain s z in their data portion.
  • B. one midamble ma in the middle of two user data parts data.
  • the data portion s is completed with a protection time gp.
  • radio blocks B0 In order to detect a radio block B0 at time t1 or t2, or radio blocks Bl or B2, it is important that they arrive at the receiving station at predictable times within time slot ts10, i.e. when transmitting in the upward direction UL at the base station BS. For this purpose, a rough synchronization of the mobile station MS to a time base of the base station BS is advantageously carried out. An improved evaluation is possible if, in addition, an individual transmission time comparison is carried out at the mobile stations MS, which takes into account the different signal propagation times. The transmission timing is adjusted, for example, by setting a lead time that is recalculated cyclically.
  • the access blocks are evaluated in a base station BS according to FIG. 6. This consists of a d e / receiver TX / RX, the received signals from the Fre acid sequence b rea of the message transmission in the baseband to ⁇ sets, analog / digital converts and amplifies the received signals and analyzes. Digital signal processing takes place in a signal processing device DSP as receiving means. A channel estimation is carried out and the transmitted data symbols are detected.
  • a signal evaluation device SA extracts the data portions s of the access blocks BO or B1 and B2 and takes the requirements for resource allocation.
  • the resource allocation itself is carried out in the RNM facility (FIG. 1) for allocating radio resources and signaled back to the base station BS.
  • a control device SE then assigns a channel for message transmission to the mobile stations MS by compiling a corresponding signaling block and transmitting this block by the transmitting / receiving device TX / RX.
  • the interaction of the components and the setting of the transmission time is also controlled by the control device SE.
  • Associated data about the specific circumstances of the connection are stored in a memory device MEM.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un système de communication radiotéléphonique, dans lequel l'accès en particulier pour l'équipement standard de radiotéléphonie mobile d'avenir UMTS en mode TDD est amélioré, même pour de grandes cellules, de rayon, par exemple, supérieur à 2 km, en répartissant des codes pour le codage de blocs radio d'accès en au moins deux quantités de codes. A cet égard, les quantités de codes (M1, M2) sont associées à différentes sections dans la zone de réception de la station réceptrice (BS, MS). Des codes déterminés pour un accès arbitraire à la station de base peuvent ainsi être attribués à des stations mobiles pour des régions déterminées éloignées d'une station de base.
EP00943534A 1999-04-28 2000-04-27 Rach pour grosses cellules Withdrawn EP1173996A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19919361 1999-04-28
DE1999119361 DE19919361C1 (de) 1999-04-28 1999-04-28 Verfahren und Funk-Kommunikationssystem zur Datenübertragung
PCT/DE2000/001329 WO2000065860A1 (fr) 1999-04-28 2000-04-27 Rach pour grosses cellules

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1173996A1 true EP1173996A1 (fr) 2002-01-23

Family

ID=7906194

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00943534A Withdrawn EP1173996A1 (fr) 1999-04-28 2000-04-27 Rach pour grosses cellules

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1173996A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19919361C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000065860A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE0102200D0 (sv) * 2001-06-18 2001-06-18 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Method and system of channel allocation
JP3999683B2 (ja) * 2003-02-17 2007-10-31 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ 無線通信方法及び基地局
US7280581B2 (en) 2003-05-12 2007-10-09 Lucent Technologies Inc. Method of adaptive Walsh code allocation
WO2008150206A1 (fr) * 2007-06-07 2008-12-11 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Canaux d'accès aléatoire doubles avec une portée étendue

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JP3302168B2 (ja) * 1994-04-05 2002-07-15 株式会社東芝 移動無線通信システム
US5758090A (en) * 1995-09-22 1998-05-26 Airnet Communications, Inc. Frequency reuse planning for CDMA cellular communication system by grouping of available carrier frequencies and power control based on the distance from base station
JP3039402B2 (ja) * 1996-12-05 2000-05-08 日本電気株式会社 移動通信システムの送信電力制御装置
US6163533A (en) * 1997-04-30 2000-12-19 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Random access in a mobile telecommunications system
US6359874B1 (en) * 1998-05-21 2002-03-19 Ericsson Inc. Partially block-interleaved CDMA coding and decoding
DE19733336A1 (de) * 1997-08-01 1999-02-18 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Funkstation zur Datenübertragung
DE19817771A1 (de) * 1998-04-21 1999-11-11 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Basisstation zur Nachrichtenübertragung in einem Funk-Kommunikationssystem
US6542484B1 (en) * 1998-05-15 2003-04-01 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Code allocation for radiocommunication systems

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000065860A1 (fr) 2000-11-02
DE19919361C1 (de) 2000-11-23

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