EP1190580A2 - Commutation de communication a reseau - Google Patents

Commutation de communication a reseau

Info

Publication number
EP1190580A2
EP1190580A2 EP00988106A EP00988106A EP1190580A2 EP 1190580 A2 EP1190580 A2 EP 1190580A2 EP 00988106 A EP00988106 A EP 00988106A EP 00988106 A EP00988106 A EP 00988106A EP 1190580 A2 EP1190580 A2 EP 1190580A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channels
channel
dimensional array
sites
array
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00988106A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Mikes
Lian Qin Xiang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
American Holographic Inc
Original Assignee
American Holographic Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/674,217 external-priority patent/US6266140B1/en
Application filed by American Holographic Inc filed Critical American Holographic Inc
Publication of EP1190580A2 publication Critical patent/EP1190580A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/3586—Control or adjustment details, e.g. calibrating
    • G02B6/3588—Control or adjustment details, e.g. calibrating of the processed beams, i.e. controlling during switching of orientation, alignment, or beam propagation properties such as intensity, size or shape
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
    • G01J3/18—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators using diffraction elements, e.g. grating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29305—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
    • G02B6/2931—Diffractive element operating in reflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4249—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details comprising arrays of active devices and fibres
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/351—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/3538—Optical coupling means having switching means based on displacement or deformation of a liquid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/354—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types
    • G02B6/356—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types in an optical cross-connect device, e.g. routing and switching aspects of interconnecting different paths propagating different wavelengths to (re)configure the various input and output links
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0007—Construction
    • H04Q2011/002—Construction using optical delay lines or optical buffers or optical recirculation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0007—Construction
    • H04Q2011/0026—Construction using free space propagation (e.g. lenses, mirrors)
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0007—Construction
    • H04Q2011/0035—Construction using miscellaneous components, e.g. circulator, polarisation, acousto/thermo optical
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0037—Operation
    • H04Q2011/0039—Electrical control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0037—Operation
    • H04Q2011/005—Arbitration and scheduling

Definitions

  • FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a known spectrometer 800.
  • this spectrometer 800 light from an image 810 passes through a slit 820 and a first concave mirror 830 of a reflective assembly 835 receives an image 812.
  • the first mirror 830 is in a light path from the slit 820 and reflects light to a convex diffraction grating 860.
  • the convex diffraction grating 860 receives the reflected light from the first mirror 830.
  • the diffraction grating 860 spectrally disperses the image received from the first mirror 830 into a spectral image 814.
  • a second concave mirror 840 of the reflective assembly 835 receives the spectral image 814 from the diffraction grating 860 and reflects the spectral image 814 to a detector 850, such as a CCD array of a camera or other device.
  • the diffraction grating 860 is a known aberration corrected convex diffraction grating, which provides for simultaneous high spatial and spectral imaging resolution and low distortion.
  • the spectrometer 800 provides a high resolution that may function for a wide variety of applications such as optical communication channel switching.
  • An optical communication channel switch includes an aberration corrected spectrometer adapted for receiving plural channels of communication in a one dimensional array of sites where each site corresponds to a source, and a channel selector for selectively switching channels. After receiving the plural channels, the aberration corrected spectrometer provides the channels in a two dimensional array in which channels are distributed in rows (or columns) of similar frequency and different sources and in columns (or rows) of differing frequency and common sources. The channel selector selectively switches channels among sites in the two dimensional array and provides a single dimensional reconfigured array of frequency separated channels that is combined into the two dimensional array.
  • Another aberration corrected spectrometer receives the selectively switched two dimensional array and combines the channels into a single dimensional array of sites having one or more frequency separated channels.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates an optical communication switching system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an array of switching channels according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 illustrates an optical communication switching system utilizing a circulator according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a parallel stage optical communication switching system according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a system for switching channels in a two dimensional array according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a single spectrometer system for another embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 illustrates a two dimensional array of channels generated by the single spectrometer system illustrated in Fig. 6; and Fig. 8 illustrates a known spectrometer.
  • the system generally comprises first and second aberration corrected spectrometers 1 and 2 connected by a switch and manager 110 that is controlled by a processor 120.
  • first spectrometer 1 light of an image 12 from a communication link, such as an optical fiber bundle, passes through a connector 10 onto a first concave mirror 20.
  • the first mirror 20 is in a light path from the connector 10 and reflects light to a first aberration corrected convex diffraction grating 30.
  • the first diffraction grating 30 receives the reflected light from the first mirror 20 and spectrally disperses the image received from the mirror 20 into a spectral image 16.
  • a second concave mirror 40 receives the spectral image 16 from the first diffraction grating 30 and reflects the spectral image 16 to a detector 50.
  • the spectrometer 1 receives multiple communication channels in a one dimensional array 210 where each site corresponds to a source ⁇ l ⁇ , £ 2 , ... . n ) as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the sources ( ⁇ , . , ... t n ) may be vertical inputs of optical fibers.
  • the spectrometer 1 generates a two dimensional array of channels 220 arranged according to frequency and source.
  • the columns of the array 220 may be arranged to have the same frequency and different sources and the rows may be arranged to have the same source and different frequencies.
  • An example of this configuration is shown in Fig. 2 where the array 220 includes rows of sources (-i, . 2 , - n ) and columns of frequencies ( ⁇ x , ⁇ 2 , ... ⁇ n ) . It is realized that this configuration can be arranged as desired.
  • the rows may include frequencies and the columns may include sources.
  • the switch and manager 110 may selectively switch to different array sites so that a one dimensional array 230 of frequency separated channels may be output from the second aberration corrected spectrometer 2.
  • the switch and manager 110 may be a MEMS device, an LCD array, a bubble switch, or a waveguide.
  • the selectable switching performed by the switch and manager 110 is controlled by a processor 120.
  • the processor 120 may control the switching of a channel position between sites within the array 220, between sites of the same frequency and different sources within the array 220, or between sites of different frequencies within the array 220.
  • a detector 60 detects the output of frequency separated channels from the switch and manager 110.
  • a third mirror 70 of the second spectrometer 2 which is aligned in the light path, receives a spectral image 22 of these reconfigured channels.
  • the third mirror 70 reflects the spectral image 22 onto a second aberration corrected convex diffraction grating 80.
  • a fourth concave mirror 90 is in the light path of the refracted light signal received from the second diffraction grating 80.
  • the fourth mirror 80 reflects the light toward a connector 100 aligned in the light path. The light passes through the connector 100 and forms a one dimensional image array 102 that passes onto a communication link.
  • An embodiment of this system may also include a zero-order detector 130 and an optical spectral analyzer 140 as illustrated in Fig. 1.
  • the zero-order detector 130 is aligned for receiving the zero-order signal of the image 12. This zero-order signal is then input to the spectral analyzer 140 for use as a monitor of the received image.
  • the spectral analyzer 140 may include a television monitor for viewing each channel of the received image.
  • FIG. 3 an optical communication switching system utilizing a circulator for selectively switching signals is shown according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • a circulator 300 receives a signal 302 and a signal 304 is selectably input to an aberration corrected spectrometer 310. In this spectrometer 310, light passes through a communication link to a connector 320.
  • a first concave mirror 330 receives the signal from the connector 320.
  • the first mirror 330 is aligned in a light path with the connector 320 and an aberration corrected convex diffraction grating 340.
  • the diffraction grating 340 receives the reflected light from the first mirror 330 and spectrally disperses the received signal into a spectral image 306.
  • a second concave mirror 350 receives the spectral image 306 from the diffraction grating 340 and reflects the spectral image 306 to an array of reflectors 360.
  • the reflector array 360 reflects back all of the spectral image 306 toward the second mirror 350.
  • the spectral image 306 is then reflected toward the diffraction grating 340.
  • the diffraction grating 340 directs a refracted image toward the first mirror 330 so that the refracted image is received at the slit 320.
  • a signal 308 is received by the circulator 300 and is output as signal 312.
  • the source may include a vertical input of optical fibers connected to multiple circulators so that a one dimensional array of sources is input to this switching system. A two dimensional array of channels arranged according to frequency and source will then be generated at the reflector arrays 360 from this input.
  • the reflector arrays 360 may be MEMS devices designed such that desired frequencies are prevented from being reflected back. Also, the reflector arrays 360 may be connected to a processor 370 which selectively controls the frequencies that may be reflected back. Thereafter, a one dimensional array of reconfigured channels is output to the circulators.
  • a channel switch having parallel stages is shown.
  • a signal 402 is transmitted over a communication link and is received by a multiplexor 400, which directs signals 404 and 406 toward first and second channel switch stages 420 and 460 respectively.
  • the first and second channel switch stages 420 and 460 comprise similar elements and perform similar functions as in the switching systems described in the previous embodiments.
  • the first channel switch stage 420 includes a connector 422 for receiving the signal 404 from a communication link. This signal 404 is received by a first concave mirror 424, and reflected towards a first aberration corrected convex diffraction grating 428.
  • a spectral image is directed from the diffraction grating 428 toward a second concave mirror 426 which reflects this image toward a detector 430.
  • a switch and manager 440 receives this signal and can selectively switch channels via a processor associated therewith.
  • the reconfigured channels from the switch and manager 440 are received by a detector 442, directed toward a third concave mirror 444, and reflected towards a second aberration corrected convex diffraction grating 448.
  • the second diffraction grating 448 directs a refracted signal towards a fourth concave mirror 446 and reflects the signal towards a connector 450 for outputting a signal 452 over a communication link.
  • the second channel switch stage 460 includes a connector 462 for receiving the signal 406 from the multiplexor 400 via the communication link.
  • This signal 406 is received by a first concave mirror 464, and reflected towards a first aberration corrected convex diffraction grating 468.
  • a spectral image is directed from the diffraction grating 468 toward a second concave mirror 466 which reflects this image toward a detector 470.
  • a switch and manager 480 receives this signal and can selectively switch channels via a processor associated therewith.
  • the reconfigured channels from the switch and manager 480 are received by a detector 482, directed toward a third concave mirror 484, and reflected towards a second aberration corrected convex diffraction grating 488.
  • the second diffraction grating 488 directs a refracted signal towards a fourth concave mirror 486 that reflects the signal towards a connector 490 for outputting a signal 492 over a communication link.
  • the first and second stages 420 and 460 are arranged to operate in parallel and provide redundancy.
  • the output signals 452 and 492 are input to a switch 496.
  • the switch 496 may select one of the signals for outputting therefrom as signal 498.
  • the system may switch over to the other stage to ensure that communication switching is provided. It will be appreciated that more than two parallel stages may be provided. The number of stages provided can then be selected based on the desired amount of redundancy for ensuring the communication switching.
  • FIG. 5 there is illustrated a system for switching the channels as they appear on a first two dimensional array 510, as illuminated by an aberration corrected spectrometer as shown above.
  • the array 510 is a two dimensional (M X N) array as noted above and for the purpose of switching between sites in the array each site illumination is applied to a two dimensional (M X N) switching unit 512.
  • the illumination from each site is applied to corresponding light pipes or optical fibers in a bundle 514 for transmission to the switching unit 512.
  • the light at each site is applied to the corresponding fiber in the bundle 514 by an array 516 of lenses that focus the light onto the core of the fiber.
  • the switching unit 512 diverts the light associated with each site to a different site as specified by a processor 518 and applies the thus switched light to fibers in an output bundle 520 through focusing lenses in an output array 522 to an array 524 (M X N) as before for use by the second aberration corrected spectrometer.
  • the apparatus described above allows for the remote location of the spectrometers and switching unit for ease of servicing or replacement.
  • the switching unit 512 is implementable in a variety of ways. Where switching involves only switching, including elimination, of channels of the same wavelength, a MEMS switch of micro machined silicon for example may be used under control of processor 518 to direct by way of mirrored surfaces of a set of MEMS arrays the light from one array location to another location at the same wavelength. The switched to channel must have been vacant, switched elsewhere itself or eliminated to avoid the presence of two channels in the same array location or site.
  • a set of input and output bubble switches as it is known in the art may also be used for the same purpose.
  • a frequency converter or modulator is used in conjunction with MEMS or bubble switches as mention above to, at some point in the switching, change the wavelength to one appropriate to the array location where the channel is to be switched.
  • a single spectrometer is used to provide the function of two, albeit with only half of the number of channels that could otherwise be handled.
  • a single spectrometer of grating 614 and mirrors 610 and 612 as described above receives at a single dimension input array 614 the light from a bundle 616 of fibers.
  • the light from these is spectrally spread into a two dimensional array 618 of reflectors which are switchable between a reflect and deflect or absorb state controlled by a processor 620 to determine which channels are returned through the spectrometer to the input array 614 for application to the output fibers in a bundle 622.
  • the number of fibers and thus channels is one half the number the system could handle with two spectrometers because the fibers are interleaved between input fibers 710, shown in Fig. 7, in the bundle 616 and output fibers 720 in the bundle 622.
  • the channel switch array 618 is shown in array 714 to have the input spectra 718 and output spectra alternating as well.
  • the switch array 618 includes a mirror system or the equivalent to transport or block the light from one input spectra 718 to individual channels in the corresponding output spectra 716 using, MEMS devices, bubble switches and mirrors, or any other light control elements.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Use Of Switch Circuits For Exchanges And Methods Of Control Of Multiplex Exchanges (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un commutateur de canal de communication optique comprenant un spectromètre à correction d'aberration conçu pour recevoir plusieurs canaux de communication dans un réseau unidimensionnel de sites, chaque site correspondant à une source, et un sélecteur de canaux permettant de commuter les canaux de manière sélective. Après réception des canaux, le spectromètre à correction d'aberration fournit les canaux dans un réseau bidimensionnel dans lequel les canaux sont répartis en lignes (ou colonnes) de fréquence similaire et de sources différentes, et en colonnes (ou lignes) de fréquence différente et de sources communes. Le sélecteur de canaux commute de manière sélective les canaux parmi les sites du réseau bidimensionnel, et fournit un réseau unidimensionnel reconfiguré de canaux séparés par fréquence, combiné dans ledit réseau bidimensionnel. Un autre spectromètre à correction d'aberration reçoit le réseau bidimensionnel commuté de manière sélective et combine les canaux en un réseau unidimensionnel de sites possédant un ou plusieurs canaux séparés par fréquence.
EP00988106A 1999-12-15 2000-12-15 Commutation de communication a reseau Withdrawn EP1190580A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US674217 1984-11-23
US09/674,217 US6266140B1 (en) 1998-04-29 1999-04-29 Corrected concentric spectrometer
US17080199P 1999-12-15 1999-12-15
PCT/US2000/034191 WO2001045430A2 (fr) 1999-12-15 2000-12-15 Commutation de communication a reseau
US170801P 2009-04-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1190580A2 true EP1190580A2 (fr) 2002-03-27

Family

ID=26866442

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00988106A Withdrawn EP1190580A2 (fr) 1999-12-15 2000-12-15 Commutation de communication a reseau

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1190580A2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2435301A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001045430A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003005621A1 (fr) * 2001-07-06 2003-01-16 Arroyo Optics, Inc. Optiques de fourrier diffractives pour communications optiques
US6707959B2 (en) * 2001-07-12 2004-03-16 Jds Uniphase Inc. Wavelength switch

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5132811A (en) * 1989-08-10 1992-07-21 Seiko Instruments Inc. Holographic operating optical apparatus
US5933235A (en) * 1995-03-15 1999-08-03 Yokogawa Electric Corporation Optical spectrum analyzer and spectrometer
US6097859A (en) * 1998-02-12 2000-08-01 The Regents Of The University Of California Multi-wavelength cross-connect optical switch

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0145430A3 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001045430A2 (fr) 2001-06-21
WO2001045430A3 (fr) 2002-01-03
AU2435301A (en) 2001-06-25

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