EP1198542B1 - Benzinzusammensetzung - Google Patents

Benzinzusammensetzung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1198542B1
EP1198542B1 EP00938707A EP00938707A EP1198542B1 EP 1198542 B1 EP1198542 B1 EP 1198542B1 EP 00938707 A EP00938707 A EP 00938707A EP 00938707 A EP00938707 A EP 00938707A EP 1198542 B1 EP1198542 B1 EP 1198542B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gasoline
content
blue
range
gasoline composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00938707A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1198542A1 (de
Inventor
Clive Richard Mcdonald
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority to EP00938707A priority Critical patent/EP1198542B1/de
Publication of EP1198542A1 publication Critical patent/EP1198542A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1198542B1 publication Critical patent/EP1198542B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/003—Marking, e.g. coloration by addition of pigments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development

Definitions

  • This invention relates to gasoline compositions, and more-particularly to gasoline compositions having dyes incorporated therein, their preparation and use.
  • base gasolines are generally not colourless, but at least slightly yellow, in hue. This background colour affects the appearance of gasoline to which dyes are added (e.g. addition of red or pink dyes tends to produce orange to brown gasoline and addition of blue dyes tends to produce green gasoline), unless sufficiently high concentrations of dye are added to mask the background colour. In these latter instances, the colours are deep and distinctive, but the products are far from bright and sparkling.
  • a gasoline composition which comprises a major amount of a substantially colourless gasoline having a Research Octane No. of at least 95, a Motor Octane No. of at least 85, density at 15°C in the range 720 to 775 kg/m 3 , sulphur content not greater than 50 mg/kg (ppmw), oxygenate content 0 to 15% v/v contributing to oxygen content not greater than 2.7% w/w, olefins content 0 to 18% v/v, aromatics content 15 to 35% v/v giving overall benzene content not greater than 1.0% v/v, the balance of the gasoline being saturated hydrocarbon, the gasoline composition having a translucent blue hue by incorporation of an effective concentration of blue dye therein.
  • Gasolines typically contain mixtures of hydrocarbons boiling in the range from about 30°C to about 230°C, the optimal ranges and distillation curves varying according to climate and season of the year.
  • the hydrocarbons in a gasoline as defined above may conveniently be derived in known manner from straight-run gasoline, synthetically-produced aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures, thermally or catalytically cracked hydrocarbons hydrocracked petroleum fractions or catalytically reformed hydrocarbon and mixtures of these.
  • Oxygenates include alcohols (such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, tert.butanol and isobutanol) and ethers, and are preferably ethers containing 5 or more carbon atoms per molecule, e.g.
  • methyl tert.butyl ether (MTBE).
  • the ethers containing 5 or more carbon atoms per molecule may be used in amounts up to 15% v/v, but if methanol is used, it can only be in an amount up to 3% v/v, and stabilisers will be required. Stabilisers may also be needed for ethanol, which may be used up to 5% v/v.
  • Isopropanol may be used up to 10% v/v, tert-butanol up to 7% v/v and isobutanol up to 10% v/v.
  • Gasoline compositions as defined above may variously include one or more additives such as anti-oxidants, corrosion inhibitors, ashless detergents, dehazers and synthetic or mineral oil carrier fluids. Examples of suitable such additives are described generally in US Patent No. 5,855,629.
  • Additive components can be added separately to the gasoline or can be blended with one or more diluents, forming an additive concentrate, and together added'to the gasoline.
  • the blue dye can be added to the gasoline independently of other additives, or as a component of such an additive concentrate.
  • the blue dye must be soluble in the gasoline.
  • Very effective blue dyes have been found to have a maximum light absorbance peak in the range 630 to 660 nm, preferably 645 to 655 nm. Light absorbance peaks may conveniently be measured using a Lambda 25 Perkin-Elmer UV-VIS (trade mark) spectrometer. Suitable blue dyes may include, for example, DyeGuard Blue 79R ex John Hogg Technical Solutions, Automate Blue 8G ex Morton, and Unisol Liquid Blue A ex UCM.
  • Preferred gasoline compositions are compositions wherein the blue dye is a dyestuff having a maximum light absorbance peak in the range 630 to 660 nm at a concentration to give a blue colour corresponding in intensity to that achieved by incorporation of DyeGuard Blue 79R at a concentration in the range 3 to 30 ppmv, (parts per million volume/volume) more preferably 5 to 25 ppmv, and very conveniently 5 to 15 ppmv.
  • DyeGuard Blue 79R itself has been found to give very effective results.
  • the appropriate concentration of a chosen dyestuff depends on the intensity of blue colour desired and the nature of the active matter and its concentration in the chosen dyestuff.
  • DyeGuard Blue 79R is sold with a specified active matter content of 48% w/w.
  • Automate Blue 8G is stated to have an active matter content of about 40%w/w.
  • Unisol Liquid Blue A is stated to have active matter content of 50% w/w.
  • the light absorbance maxima for gasoline compositions of the invention within the range 630 to 660 nm, more preferably 645 to 655 nm, are in the range 0.1 to 0.5 absorption units, more preferably 0.11 to 0.48 absorption units, and very conveniently 0.12 to 0.47 absorption units as measured using a Lambda 25 Perkin-Elmer UV-VIS Spectrometer.
  • the translucent blue hue provides a sparkling visual effect to an observer akin to that of spray from a waterfall in a mountain stream against a clear blue sunlit sky. This is very attractive to a potential purchaser and serves to emphasise in the mind the environmental benefits of the gasoline compositions of the invention, which have the potential to reduce emissions of harmful pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and benzene compared with conventional unleaded 95 Research octane gasoline such as that commercially available in The Netherlands in 1998.
  • a gasoline composition of the invention as defined above may be dispersed from a forecourt dispenser associated with a visual display of liquid having a colour corresponding to that of said gasoline composition.
  • the visual display may comprise a transparent pipe or chamber in the delivery system of the forecourt dispenser, so that a customer can see the gasoline composition as it passes through the delivery system whilst dispensing the gasoline composition, or it may comprise an enclosed tank containing a sample of the gasoline composition or another liquid (e.g. water, for fire-safety reasons) having substantially the same visual effect as the gasoline composition.
  • the conventional gasoline although of high quality, had a noticeable yellow colour.
  • DyeGuard Blue 79R ex John Hogg Technical Solutions was used as the blue dye, and light absorbance was measured at 648 nm using a Lambda 25 Perkin-Elmer UV-VIS spectrometer.
  • the blue dye was dispersed homogeneously into samples of the gasolines at various concentrations of active matter, and results obtained are given in Table 2 following.
  • Examples 1 and 2 were particularly preferred, as they conveyed a visual impression akin to that of spray from a waterfall in a mountain stream against a clear blue sunlit sky.
  • the properties of the MG were as follows: RON 96.0, MON 85.5, density 740 kg/m 3 , sulfur content 95 mg/kg, olefins 11.7% (v/v), aromatics 36.3% (v/v), benzene content 1.78% v/v, oxygen content 0.01% m/m, oxygenate content 0.71% v/v.
  • the MG had a clear yellowish appearance.
  • the vehicles were (1) Vauxhall/Opel Vectra with C18 XEL Ecotec 4 cylinder spark-ignition engine of cylinder capacity 1799 cc, bore/stroke 86 mm/81.6 mm and rated power output 115 bhp at 5400 rpm, and (2) Ford Fiesta with DHA 2 ETEC 16 valve 4 cylinderspark-ignition engine of cylinder capacity 1250 cc, bore/stroke 71.9 mm/76.5 mm and rated power output 73.8 bhp at 5200 rpm. Both cars were equipped with standard catalytic convectors.
  • the vehicles were run on a chassis dynamometer following a standard European emissions driving cycle (Directive 91/441/EEC).
  • the cycle used was ECE 15.04 and EUDC with an 11 second idle.
  • the SCG Compared with the MG, the SCG gave measured emissions reductions (%w) of 44%w oxides of nitrogen and 30%w benzene.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Benzinzusammensetzung, die eine Hauptmenge an einem im wesentlichen farblosen Benzin mit einer Research-Oktanzahl von wenigstens 95, einer Motor-Oktanzahl von wenigstens 85, einer Dichte bei 15°C im Bereich von 720 bis 775 kg/m3, einem nicht über 50 mg/kg (Gewichtsteile pro Million, ppmw) liegenden Schwefelgehalt, einem Oxygenatgehalt von 0 bis 15% Volumen/Volumen, der zu einem Sauerstoffgehalt von nicht über 2,7% Gewicht/Gewicht beiträgt, einem Gehalt an Olefinen von 0 bis 18% Volumen/Volumen, einem Aromatengehalt von 15 bis 35% Volumen/Volumen, der einen Gesamtbenzolgehalt von nicht über 1,0% Volumen/Volumen ergibt, wobei der Rest des Benzins aus gesättigtem Kohlenwasserstoff besteht, umfaßt, wobei die Benzinzusammensetzung einen klaren blauen Farbton durch Einverleiben einer wirksamen Konzentration eines blauen Farbstoffes aufweist.
  2. Benzinzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, worin der blaue Farbstoff ein Farbstoff mit einem maximalen Lichtabsorptionspeak im Bereich von 630 bis 660 nm bei einer Konzentration ist, die eine blaue Farbe ergibt, die in der Intensität jener entspricht, die durch Einverleiben von DyeGuard Blue 79R mit einer Konzentration im Bereich von 3 bis 30 ppmv (Volumenteile pro Million Volumen) erzielt wird.
  3. Benzinzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 2, worin der Bereich 5 bis 25 ppmv beträgt.
  4. Benzinzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 3, worin der Bereich 5 bis 15 ppmv beträgt.
EP00938707A 1999-05-26 2000-05-25 Benzinzusammensetzung Expired - Lifetime EP1198542B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00938707A EP1198542B1 (de) 1999-05-26 2000-05-25 Benzinzusammensetzung

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99304058 1999-05-26
EP99304058 1999-05-26
PCT/EP2000/004912 WO2000073403A1 (en) 1999-05-26 2000-05-25 Gasoline composition
EP00938707A EP1198542B1 (de) 1999-05-26 2000-05-25 Benzinzusammensetzung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1198542A1 EP1198542A1 (de) 2002-04-24
EP1198542B1 true EP1198542B1 (de) 2003-07-30

Family

ID=8241411

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00938707A Expired - Lifetime EP1198542B1 (de) 1999-05-26 2000-05-25 Benzinzusammensetzung

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1198542B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5093789B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE246238T1 (de)
AU (1) AU759438B2 (de)
DE (1) DE60004242T2 (de)
HK (1) HK1042510B (de)
MY (1) MY137245A (de)
NZ (1) NZ515455A (de)
WO (1) WO2000073403A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100351794B1 (ko) * 2001-06-01 2002-09-05 주식회사 서현케미칼 옥탄가를 증대시키는 연료 첨가제
US20080134571A1 (en) 2006-12-12 2008-06-12 Jorg Landschof Unleaded fuel compositions
CA2797163A1 (en) 2011-12-01 2013-06-01 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Balanced unleaded fuel compositions
CN103923709B (zh) * 2014-04-10 2015-11-04 桂林市淦隆环保科技有限公司 一种醇基燃料

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1624692A (en) * 1925-08-12 1927-04-12 Sun Oil Co Process of manufacturing gasoline
US1824977A (en) * 1928-07-28 1931-09-29 Sun Oil Co Colored gasoline
GB357179A (en) * 1930-06-17 1931-09-17 Patent Fuels & Color Corp Improvements in the art of colouring gasoline or other petroleum distillates
US1969249A (en) * 1933-10-09 1934-08-07 Sun Oil Co Gasoline
US2232871A (en) * 1936-08-06 1941-02-25 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Coloring of hydrocarbons
US2272134A (en) * 1940-03-13 1942-02-03 Shappirio Sol Modified motor fuel and process of making same
US3164449A (en) * 1961-03-01 1965-01-05 Du Pont Anthraquinone dyes for gasoline
EP0763079A1 (de) * 1994-05-31 1997-03-19 ORR, William C. Dampfphasenverbrennungsverfahren und zusammensetzungen
US5723338A (en) * 1994-11-04 1998-03-03 Amoco Corporation Tagging hydrocarbons for subsequent identification
JP3600330B2 (ja) * 1995-10-16 2004-12-15 新日本石油株式会社 無鉛ガソリン
JP3782139B2 (ja) * 1995-10-16 2006-06-07 新日本石油株式会社 無鉛ガソリン
JP3948796B2 (ja) * 1997-09-30 2007-07-25 新日本石油株式会社 筒内直接噴射式ガソリンエンジン用無鉛ガソリン

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5093789B2 (ja) 2012-12-12
MY137245A (en) 2009-01-30
AU759438B2 (en) 2003-04-17
HK1042510B (en) 2003-12-05
DE60004242D1 (de) 2003-09-04
NZ515455A (en) 2002-10-25
JP2003501513A (ja) 2003-01-14
EP1198542A1 (de) 2002-04-24
ATE246238T1 (de) 2003-08-15
WO2000073403A1 (en) 2000-12-07
AU5398600A (en) 2000-12-18
HK1042510A1 (en) 2002-08-16
DE60004242T2 (de) 2004-03-11

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