EP1202253B1 - Adaptiver Geräuschpegelschätzer - Google Patents
Adaptiver Geräuschpegelschätzer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1202253B1 EP1202253B1 EP01440295A EP01440295A EP1202253B1 EP 1202253 B1 EP1202253 B1 EP 1202253B1 EP 01440295 A EP01440295 A EP 01440295A EP 01440295 A EP01440295 A EP 01440295A EP 1202253 B1 EP1202253 B1 EP 1202253B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- value
- input signal
- noise level
- fug
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L21/00—Speech or voice signal processing techniques to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
- G10L21/02—Speech enhancement, e.g. noise reduction or echo cancellation
- G10L21/0208—Noise filtering
Definitions
- MAM medium average magnitude
- the value of the noise level of a signal is common to many algorithms for signal processing as a threshold or control value of great importance.
- the reliability and temporal behavior of a noise estimator have a big impact on the achievable quality of a signal processing algorithm. This is especially true in the field of speech recognition, to improve the recognition rate in the field of echo cancellation and for noise reduction.
- Application areas for noise estimators are, for example, exchanges, conference facilities, but also conventional phones or cell phones.
- a disadvantage of known estimation methods is the relatively slow behavior at averaging in noise estimator. Especially with voice activity with only short Speech pauses in periods of ⁇ 100 ms often are not enough time to to grasp the "noise floor".
- composite signals which consists of a sequence of signal bursts with a pause time of exist for about 100 ms. Again, with the previously known methods no exact noise estimation possible.
- noise threshold Another problem with the noise threshold is that of successful speech level estimation performed noise update with temporally changing Environmental conditions.
- the estimated noise value thus fluctuates in certain, sometimes relatively large, limits.
- Object of the present invention is in contrast, a method of initially described type with the simplest possible means to the effect to further develop that as accurate as possible determination of the current noise level is achieved with the fastest possible adaptation times, the significant are lower than in known methods, and that to the least possible Calculation effort is required.
- the length ts is a maximum value from the samples of the input signal x (k) and for the estimation of the current noise level from the set of several maximum values found one after the other, in each case the Minimum n1 (x) used as an estimate n (x) for the current noise level n.
- an initialization value n0 is specified.
- the estimation method in a sense "stopped” and in each case the last estimate taken, where the dynamics of the input signal x (k) below the given Threshold ⁇ lag. This prevents erratic estimates Reason faster fluctuations in the signal come about.
- the method according to the invention achieves an extremely fast adaptation to the current noise level in periods of about 10 ms, in contrast to the above-mentioned known methods, the times in the Order of magnitude of 500 ms.
- the Erfinding is as shown in claims 1 and 8.
- fug is the lower limit frequency of the transmitting TK system.
- the time length ts should each be chosen such that a Adaptation of low-frequency signals in the range ⁇ 100 Hz excluded becomes.
- the lower limit frequencies are in a range fug ⁇ 500 Hz.
- the lower Cutoff frequency 330 Hz A value of about 10 Hz as lower limit for the lower Limit frequency fug corresponds to the value of a conventional hi-fi amplifier and is therefore reasonable.
- An advantage for carrying out the method according to the invention is a Variant in which the initial value n0 is the maximum representable value of the Target system for the signal transmission within the telecommunications system is selected.
- n for the determination of the estimated value n (x) is the value n1 (x) at a predeterminable or fixed lower limit value set min if a value n1 (x) ⁇ n min is determined.
- the value n1 (x) is set to a predefinable or fixed upper limit value n max for the determination of the estimated value n (x), if a value n1 (x)> n max is determined becomes.
- n max is chosen to be smaller than or equal to the initialization value n 0, preferably n max ⁇ n 0 - 16 dB.
- this upper limit value is predetermined by the statistically determined speech dynamics of human speech.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the maximum values found within the short-term intervals of the input signal x (k) multiplied by a scaling factor S ⁇ 1 Determine the value n1 (x). The majority of the actual level values that is actually below the maximum value determined in each case within the relevant short-term interval.
- the scaling factor S ⁇ 0.5 is selected, this roughly corresponds to the position the maximum value of a statistical distribution, for example a Gaussian distribution the samples relative to the location of the found maximum Level value. As a result, the actual current noise level n becomes average Much better hit than by using the unscaled Maximum value.
- the estimated value n (x) as a measure of a currently estimated noise level is scaled by a factor D> 1.
- a fixed threshold ⁇ const. is set, preferably ⁇ ⁇ 12dB. With this value obtained by simulations can be cover most practical applications well.
- ⁇ ⁇ (x) adaptive with the Roughness of the level of the input signal x (k) to be changed. Leave it an optimal and extremely fast update and adaptation of the reach estimated level value to the actual noise conditions.
- the scope of the present invention also includes a server unit, a Processor assembly and a gate array assembly to support the method described above and a computer program to carry out the process.
- the method can be used both as a hardware circuit, as well as in the form of a computer program.
- software programming for powerful DSP's preferred because new knowledge and additional functions easier by a Modification of the software can be implemented on an existing hardware basis are.
- methods can also be used as hardware components, for example in IP or TK terminals or conventional telephone systems implemented become.
- the figure shows a highly schematic diagram of the functioning of a Estimation device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
- n1 (x) for the noise level n from a sampled input signal x (k) becomes the background noise superimposed on a useful signal in the input signal x (k) calculated according to the following equation:
- Value n1 (x) assumes a value dependent on the speech level, since the Speech level is louder than the noise. For example, one acceptable Signal to noise ratio of 6 dB.
- n1 (x) found in this way still changes with the language, responds but on noise reduction and during voice pauses with extremely short Adaptation time.
- the value n1 (x) described above is adopted only if the dynamic variations of the input signal x (k) fall below a predefinable threshold value ⁇ , that is, if dx (i) ... dx (i-ts) ⁇
- the envelope of the incoming input signals x (i) is "stable", ie with almost certainly no speech signals, The current level values can be assigned directly to the background noise become. Otherwise, if the envelope "wobbles", it is very likely Language, ie predominant useful signal in the input signal x (i) before, so that the peaks of the input signal are not for the estimation of the noise background can be used. In this case, then, as above described, obtained from the speech signal itself a scaled noise value become.
- the drawing now shows this process in a schematic way, in particular the maximum formation from the input signal x (k), the scaling with a Scaling factor S and the minimum formation for obtaining the value n1 (x), the assumption of this value as a function of a speech pause detector (SPD) whose output value may be an application-dependent one Factor D is scaled, as well as the threshold estimate of the dynamic Variations of the input signal x (k), in the example shown the temporal change of the short term mean dsam (x) / dt are obtained.
- SPD speech pause detector
- the output signal of this method is then the desired updated Estimated value n (x) for an actual noise level n.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computational Linguistics (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Noise Elimination (AREA)
- Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
- Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
- Telephone Function (AREA)
- Control Of Amplification And Gain Control (AREA)
- Monitoring And Testing Of Transmission In General (AREA)
- Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
- Monitoring And Testing Of Exchanges (AREA)
Description
im nächsten und ggf. in weiteren Schritten der Schätzwert n(x) des Geräuschpegels n für ein in vorzugsweise äquidistanten Zeitschritten T jeweils zu Zeitpunkten k mit einer Abtastfrequenz fs = 1/T abgetastetes Eingangssignal x(k) als ein Wert n1(x) bestimmt wird, der Wert n1(x) als Schätzwert n(x) für den aktuellen Geräuschpegel n übernommen wird, wenn die dynamischen Variationen des Eingangssignals x(k) einen vorgebbaren Schwellwert unterschreiten; und wobei der im vorhergehenden Schritt ermittelte Schätzwert n(x) ungeändert als neuer Schätzwert n(x) für den aktuellen Geräuschpegel n übernommen wird, wenn die-dynamischen Variationen des Eingangssignals x(k) einen vorgebbaren Schwellwert ε überschreiten.
Weiter betrifft die Erfindung auch Computerprogramme und Vorrichtungen zur Unterstützung und Durchführung eines derartigen Verfahrens, insbesondere geeignete Servereinheiten, Signalisierungseinrichtungen, Prozessorbaugruppen und programmierbare Gate-Array-Baugruppen.
Claims (9)
- Verfahren zur Ermittlung eines Schätzwerts für den Geräuschpegel n eines Hintergrundgeräusches, das einem über ein Telekommunikations (=TK)-System übertragenen akustischen Nutzsignal, insbesondere einem menschlichen Sprachsignal überlagert ist, wobei
in einem ersten Schritt ein vorgebbarer Initialisierungswert n0 als Schätzwert n(x) für einen aktuellen Geräuschpegel n angenommen wird;
im nächsten und ggf. in weiteren Schritten der Schätzwert n(x) des Geräuschpegels n für ein in vorzugsweise äquidistanten Zeitschritten T jeweils zu Zeitpunkten k mit einer Abtastfrequenz fs = 1/T abgetastetes Eingangssignal x(k) als ein Wert n1(x) bestimmt wird;
der Wert n1(x) als Schätzwert n(x) für den aktuellen Geräuschpegel n übernommen wird, wenn die dynamischen Variationen des Eingangssignals x(k) einen vorgebbaren Schwellwert ε unterschreiten;
und wobei der im vorhergehenden Schritt ermittelte Schätzwert n(x) ungeändert als neuer Schätzwert n(x) für den aktuellen Geräuschpegel n übernommen wird, wenn die dynamischen Variationen des Eingangssignals x(k) einen vorgebbaren Schwellwert ε überschreiten,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wert n1(x) durch den Minimalwert aus der Menge aller sukzessive jeweils innerhalb eines Kurzzeitintervalls mit einer zeitlichen Länge ts ≥ 1ms, vorzugsweise ts ≥ 3ms gefundenen Maximumwerte des Eingangssignals x(k) ermittelt wird; und dass ts = 1/fug, wobei fug die untere Grenzfrequenz des übertragenden TK-Systems ist, und wobei fug ≤ 1000 Hz ist. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass fug ≤ 500Hz, vorzugsweise fug ≤ 330Hz und fug ≥ 10Hz.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Initialisierungswert n0 der maximal darstellbare Wert des Zielsystems für die Signalübertragung innerhalb des TK-Systems gewählt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für die Bestimmung des Schätzwerts n(x) der Wert n1(x) auf einen vorgebbaren oder festen unteren Grenzwert nmin gesetzt wird, falls ein Wert n1(x) < nmin ermittelt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für die Bestimmung des Schätzwerts n(x) der Wert n1(x) auf einen vorgebbaren oder festen oberen Grenzwert nmax gesetzt wird, falls ein Wert n1(x) > nmax ermittelt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die innerhalb der Kurzzeitintervalle gefundenen Maximumwerte des Eingangssignals x(k) mit einem Skalierungsfaktor S< 1 multipliziert in die Ermittlung des Werts n1(x) eingehen.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Schwellenwert ε = ε(x) adaptiv mit der Rauhigkeit des Pegels des Eingangssignals x(k) verändert wird.
- Prozessorbaugruppe, insbesondere digitaler Signalprozessor (=DSP) mit Mitteln zur Durchführung jedes einzelnen Schrittes des Verfahrens nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.
- Prozessorbaugruppe nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Prozessorbaugruppe aus programmierbarem Gate-Array besteht.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10052626 | 2000-10-24 | ||
| DE10052626A DE10052626A1 (de) | 2000-10-24 | 2000-10-24 | Adaptiver Geräuschpegelschätzer |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1202253A2 EP1202253A2 (de) | 2002-05-02 |
| EP1202253A3 EP1202253A3 (de) | 2004-01-02 |
| EP1202253B1 true EP1202253B1 (de) | 2005-04-20 |
Family
ID=7660840
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01440295A Expired - Lifetime EP1202253B1 (de) | 2000-10-24 | 2001-09-12 | Adaptiver Geräuschpegelschätzer |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6842526B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1202253B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2002198918A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE293828T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10052626A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4490090B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-25 | 2010-06-23 | 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ | 有音無音判定装置および有音無音判定方法 |
| JP4601970B2 (ja) * | 2004-01-28 | 2010-12-22 | 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ | 有音無音判定装置および有音無音判定方法 |
| US20050226442A1 (en) * | 2004-04-12 | 2005-10-13 | Landon Michael D | Method and apparatus for achieving temporal volume control |
| JP4551817B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-20 | 2010-09-29 | Okiセミコンダクタ株式会社 | ノイズレベル推定方法及びその装置 |
| US8275153B2 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2012-09-25 | Evertz Microsystems Ltd. | System and method for generating an audio gain control signal |
| US8894316B2 (en) * | 2009-07-22 | 2014-11-25 | Music Express, Llc | Adjustable joint for microphone |
| CN103238180A (zh) * | 2010-11-25 | 2013-08-07 | 日本电气株式会社 | 信号处理设备、信号处理方法及信号处理程序 |
| US10978096B2 (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2021-04-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Optimized uplink operation for voice over long-term evolution (VoLte) and voice over new radio (VoNR) listen or silent periods |
| EP4708289A1 (de) * | 2019-08-30 | 2026-03-11 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Vorkonditionierung von audio für maschinelle wahrnehmung |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3855423A (en) * | 1973-05-03 | 1974-12-17 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Noise spectrum equalizer |
| US4000369A (en) * | 1974-12-05 | 1976-12-28 | Rockwell International Corporation | Analog signal channel equalization with signal-in-noise embodiment |
| DE3243232A1 (de) * | 1982-11-23 | 1984-05-24 | Philips Kommunikations Industrie AG, 8500 Nürnberg | Verfahren zur erkennung von sprachpausen |
| US4885790A (en) * | 1985-03-18 | 1989-12-05 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Processing of acoustic waveforms |
| NZ228290A (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1992-01-29 | British Telecomm | Voice activity detector by spectrum comparison |
| WO1992015986A1 (en) * | 1991-03-05 | 1992-09-17 | Picturetel Corporation | Variable bit rate speech encoder |
| US5341456A (en) * | 1992-12-02 | 1994-08-23 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method for determining speech encoding rate in a variable rate vocoder |
| US5485522A (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 1996-01-16 | Ericsson Ge Mobile Communications, Inc. | System for adaptively reducing noise in speech signals |
-
2000
- 2000-10-24 DE DE10052626A patent/DE10052626A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-09-12 DE DE50105947T patent/DE50105947D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-09-12 AT AT01440295T patent/ATE293828T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-12 EP EP01440295A patent/EP1202253B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-11 US US09/973,828 patent/US6842526B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-10-18 JP JP2001320228A patent/JP2002198918A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2002198918A (ja) | 2002-07-12 |
| US6842526B2 (en) | 2005-01-11 |
| DE10052626A1 (de) | 2002-05-02 |
| EP1202253A2 (de) | 2002-05-02 |
| DE50105947D1 (de) | 2005-05-25 |
| US20020064288A1 (en) | 2002-05-30 |
| ATE293828T1 (de) | 2005-05-15 |
| EP1202253A3 (de) | 2004-01-02 |
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