EP1218727A1 - Procede et dispositif permettant de determiner des substances, comme les sequences d'adn, dans un echantillon - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif permettant de determiner des substances, comme les sequences d'adn, dans un echantillon

Info

Publication number
EP1218727A1
EP1218727A1 EP00958361A EP00958361A EP1218727A1 EP 1218727 A1 EP1218727 A1 EP 1218727A1 EP 00958361 A EP00958361 A EP 00958361A EP 00958361 A EP00958361 A EP 00958361A EP 1218727 A1 EP1218727 A1 EP 1218727A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
optical waveguide
excitation light
planar optical
light
planar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00958361A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Albrecht Brandenburg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19947616A external-priority patent/DE19947616C2/de
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP1218727A1 publication Critical patent/EP1218727A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
    • G01N21/648—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters using evanescent coupling or surface plasmon coupling for the excitation of fluorescence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
    • G01N21/7703—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides

Definitions

  • Method and device for determining substances e.g. DNA sequences in a sample
  • the invention relates to a method and a device for determining substances, e.g. DNA sequences, in a sample, the substances with measuring points, which by complementary agents reacting with the substances, such as e.g. complementary DNA single strands are formed, brought into contact and a fluorescent light is generated under irradiation of excitation light, in particular laser light, which is evaluated by a detection device.
  • substances e.g. DNA sequences
  • measuring points which by complementary agents reacting with the substances, such as e.g. complementary DNA single strands are formed, brought into contact and a fluorescent light is generated under irradiation of excitation light, in particular laser light, which is evaluated by a detection device.
  • biochips for the determination of substances in samples, in particular for the determination of certain DNA sequences in a sample.
  • These form planar substrate carriers, on the surface of which a large number of measuring points, e.g. formed by nucleic acids (complementary DNA single strands) are immobilized, this chip surface being brought into contact with a sample containing the DNA sequences as substances to be analyzed and the sample containing the nucleic acids to be analyzed. Since each single strand of a nucleic acid molecule forms a bond with its complementary strand, which is referred to as hybridization, after checking the individual measuring points with regard to the connection of sample molecules, a statement is made about the DNA sequences present in the sample.
  • One of the advantages of biochip analysis is that up to several thousand hybridization events can be carried out and detected in parallel on one biochip.
  • an analyzer for evaluating the biochip is required, which also achieves high detection sensitivity with high spatial resolution. Since the least possible effort should be made in sample pretreatment, a ring number of hybridized molecules can still be reliably recognized at the individual measuring points.
  • the evaluation problem is e.g. from WO 96/35940 clearly, in which a plurality of zonar waveguides are used on a common substrate and the sensors are arranged in certain distribution patterns (see FIG. 3, FIG. 5).
  • the present invention aims at a considerable simplification in the construction of the reaction carrier, e.g. a biochip, as well as in the associated analysis device (optical detector).
  • biochip readers work according to the scanning principle.
  • the excitation light to excite the fluorescence scans the surface serially.
  • Either the biochip is moved quickly with a fixed light beam or a galvano scanner is used, at least for one direction of movement, with which the light beam is deflected.
  • the light emitted by the fluorochromes is then detected using a sensitive photo detector, such as a photo multiplier.
  • a sensitive photo detector such as a photo multiplier.
  • Such devices are designed as laboratory measuring systems for applications in molecular biological research.
  • the detection limit is in the range of a few molecules per ⁇ m 2 up to approx. 100 ⁇ m 2 .
  • the scanning times are approx. 2 to 4 minutes.
  • the known measuring devices have in common that they evaluate the biochip (alone) after hybridization has been completed. An in-situ detection of the reaction (hybridization) between the DNA sequences in the sample and the complementary DNA single strands on the biochip is not possible.
  • Irradiation of the excitation light through the flow cell or from the underside of the biochip would produce a very high background intensity due to the excitation of fluorochromes in the sample and thus make the evaluation of the reaction on the top of the biochip, which must take place with high spatial resolution, considerably more difficult or make it impossible.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of improving a method and a device of the type mentioned in such a way that a precise detection of substances in a sample can be carried out in a simple manner and without high demands on sample pretreatment with the aid of a reaction carrier with high spatial resolution.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by a method of the type mentioned in the introduction, in which the substances are brought into contact with measuring points on a planar optical waveguide of a reaction carrier, in particular a biochip, these measuring points being formed by complementary agents which react with the substances and which are immobilized there and the excitation of fluorescent dyes bound to the substances and / or complementary agents for the emission of fluorescent light by the evanescent field of the excitation light coupled into the planar optical waveguide takes place, the fluorescence light being detected in the vicinity of the reaction carrier or the excitation light from the surroundings of the reaction carrier illuminates the latter and, in the latter case, the fluorescent light located in the region of the evanescent field of the excitation light, emitted by the fluo bound to the surface of the planar optical waveguide - resected substances are coupled into the optical waveguide and guided in it and passed to a detector.
  • Such a method enables a very simple design of the reaction carrier, in particular biochips, by coating a transparent body with a highly refractive planar waveguide layer and allows a simple analysis device, in which e.g. a flow cell containing the sample (or a cuvette or other stationary sample body) is brought into sealing surface contact with the reaction support, in particular a biochip, the surface of which is at least essentially designed as a planar waveguide and the excitation light which is at one end of the planar waveguide therein is coupled in, the fluorescent light excited by the evanescent field of the excitation light being detected through the transparent carrier body on the side of the reaction carrier or biochip opposite the planar waveguide and the flow cell by imaging optics, preferably containing a filter, and an associated spatially resolving detector, for example a photo multiplier or a CCD camera for reading out the reaction medium, in particular biochips, is supplied.
  • imaging optics preferably containing a filter, and an associated spatially resolving detector, for example
  • all measuring points on the top of the planar waveguide of the reaction carrier or biochip are simultaneously caused by the evanescent field of the excitation light coupled into the planar optical waveguide for fluorescent light emission in connection with a reaction between the immobilized agents on the chip surface, e.g. DNA single strands and the substances to be detected in the sample, e.g. the DNA sequences.
  • the immobilized agents on the chip surface e.g. DNA single strands and the substances to be detected in the sample, e.g. the DNA sequences.
  • the excitation light can also come from the surroundings, for example the opposite side of the reaction carrier, such as, for example, biochips, through a transparent section thereof into the waveguide in the possible reaction area between the agents forming the measuring points on the surface of the planar waveguide and the sub- punched in the sample, although all, ie also the dissolved and the bound fluorochromes are excited to fluorescence by the excitation light, but only the fluorescent light emitted by the fluorochromes bound near the surface of the planar optical waveguide is coupled into the planar optical waveguide and into the planar optical waveguide is coupled in and the fluorescent light guided in the planar waveguide is read out on at least one side of the optical waveguide, for example via imaging optics containing a filter, and is fed, for example, to a photo multiplier as a detector.
  • a detector could also be coupled to the end face of the optical waveguide (without imaging optics).
  • a detector could also be coupled directly to the end face (
  • a linear measurement of the measuring points is carried out while moving the reaction carrier or biochip or the irradiated excitation light relative to one another.
  • the reaction carrier in particular the biochip, has a planar optical waveguide on its top, on which measuring points with complementary agents are located, the high-refractive index layer of the planar waveguide preferably being present extends on a transparent body and the complementary agents are provided in order to interact with substances in a sample which can be applied to the planar waveguide, and wherein excitation light for simultaneous excitation of the measurement points either in the planar optical waveguide for excitation of fluorescent light is coupled in and guided in this, the fluorescent light excited by the evanescent field of the coupled excitation light preferably an evaluation optics in the vicinity of the planar waveguide, in particular on the opposite side of the reaction carrier and one with di eser connected spatially resolving detector is supplied, or wherein the planar optical waveguide is irradiated with the excitation light and that in the region of Evanescent field emitted fluorescent light of the fluorochromes, which are binding near the surface of the wave
  • the essence of the invention is that the excitation of the bound fluorochromes, which signal the presence of the substance to be detected, for the emission of fluorescent light either through the evanescent field of the excitation light coupled into the planar optical waveguide and carried in this, the emitted fluorescent light then either above o - which is detected below the planar optical waveguide, possibly via an evaluation lens and a filter by a spatially resolving detector, or, conversely, the excitation of the bound fluorochromes for the emission of fluorescent light by freely in the direction of the measuring field from the surroundings of the optical waveguide onto this radiated excitation light (whereby all fluorochromes - including those that are not bound - are excited), but only then does the fluorescent light of the bound fluorochromes, which lies in the region of the evanescent field of the excitation light, enter the planar n optical waveguide is coupled in and then the fluorescent light is guided and a detection is fed either via evaluation optics or directly at the end of the planar optical waveguide,
  • the invention enables a simple “in situ” reading of reaction carriers, in particular of biochips, for the detection of DNA sequences which combine (hybridize) with complementary DNA single strands immobilized on the surface of the biochip, ie the planar waveguide , whereby the excitation of the bound fluorochromes by the evanescent field of the excitation light leads to increased evaluation reliability and reliability and sensitivity of the detection.
  • FIG. 1a shows a biochip in a schematic perspective view
  • FIG. 1 b shows a section of the biochip according to FIG. 1 a for a measuring point of a surface with immobilized DNA single strands
  • FIG. 1 c shows a schematic illustration of the addition of the sample with the DNA sequences to be analyzed to the measuring point according to FIG. 1 a and illustration of the complementary interaction between the immobilized DNA single strands according to FIG. 1 b and the DNA sequences contained in the sample (hybridization)
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a planar waveguide
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a measuring or analysis device for reading out a biochip according to a first exemplary embodiment
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a device for reading a biochip according to another embodiment.
  • the design and the reading out of a biochip is chosen, such as that for the analysis of DNA sequences that are in a sample and for the analysis of the nucleic acids with a surface of a biochip are used
  • Such a biochip 1 is shown in a schematic representation in FIG. 1 a, which forms a small plate, on the surface of which a large number of nucleic acids 11 are immobilized in individual measuring points 10.
  • FIG. 1 a which forms a small plate, on the surface of which a large number of nucleic acids 11 are immobilized in individual measuring points 10.
  • the nucleic acids to be analyzed of the sample to be examined are denoted by 12 and an arrow indicates that they are brought into contact with the complementary nucleic acids 11, which are located at the measuring point 10, since each single strand of a nucleic acid Remolecule 11 with its complementary strand 12 (see FIG.
  • the biochip 1 schematically illustrates the formation of the biochip 1, consisting of a transparent base body 1a and a planar light guide 1b, which forms the highly refractive, light-guiding layer on the transparent substrate 1a
  • the measuring points 10, formed by the complementary DNA single strands 11, are located on the upper side of the optical waveguide 1b
  • the DNA sequences 12 to be detected in the sample are marked with fluorochromes, ie fluorescent dyes, so that whenever these hybridize with the complementary DNA strand 11 immobilized on the planar optical waveguide 1b, this hybridization is marked on the surface of the planar optical waveguide 1 b.
  • the fluorochromes thus bound are e.g. excited by the evanescent field of excitation light guided in the planar optical waveguide 1b to emit fluorescent light. Since the intensity of the evanescent field has dropped to half the value on the surface of the waveguide at a distance of approx. 50 nm, the fluorescent dyes bound to the surface are detected almost exclusively.
  • the intensity distribution of the guided light is denoted by 2 in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a device for reading out a biochip 1 which has a configuration as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the biochip 1 in turn consists of the transparent substrate 1a and the high-index coating applied to the substrate as a planar optical waveguide 1b. The edges 1c of the biochip 1 remain outside the waveguide structure.
  • the optical waveguide carries a field of measuring points 10 and the excitation light 4 is coupled into the optical waveguide 1b via a coupling grating 5 and guided in this.
  • the measuring points 10 are designed as was explained with reference to FIGS. 1 b and 2.
  • For the analysis of DNA nucleic acids in a be this sample here, for example, in a flow cell 6 and passed through this, as indicated by the flow arrows 6a, 6b.
  • the flow cell 6 is placed on the optical waveguide 1b in a sealed manner and surrounds the measuring field with the measuring points 10 in a frame-like and fluid-tight manner, so that the sample can interact with all measuring points 10 for possible hybridization.
  • the fluorescence radiation 7 excited by the evanescent field of the excitation light is detected, for example, by means of imaging optics 8 in connection with a filter (not shown here) and a spatially resolving detector 9, such as a DDC camera or a photo multiplayer.
  • the detection can also be carried out by emitting the fluorescent light upwards above the waveguide 1b.
  • the excitation light emitted by a laser beam source is preferably guided via a deflection unit 14 to a deflection mirror 5 and from there into the waveguide 1 b in the region of the measuring field of the measuring points 10, at which e.g. the flow cell 6 is located.
  • a two-axis relative movement between the excitation light beam and the biochip takes place with a scanning device.
  • the planar waveguide 1b separates bound and dissolved fluorochromes, since only the fluorescent light 7 emitted in the area of the evanescent field of the excitation light 4 is also coupled into the planar waveguide 1b and then detected.
  • the dissolved fluorochromes do not generate any background intensity, since this light is not led to the detection device, but only the fluorescent light of the bound fluorochromes, which is guided in the planar waveguide 1b.
  • the flow arrows 6a, 6b in turn indicate the sample flow through the flow cell 6, while the imaging optics 8 with filter are shown following the planar optical waveguide 1b, a photo multiplier being used here as the position-resolving detector.
  • the biochip 1 Since in this embodiment a line-by-line reading must take place, the biochip 1 is moved accordingly in the direction of arrow A, as indicated.
  • a detection device with evaluation optics, filter and photo multiplier can also be provided on the other side of the waveguide for detecting the fluorescent light emerging from the optical waveguide 1b on the other side, or the detector can be coupled directly to the edge of the optical waveguide 1b ,
  • a glass plate, which itself forms the reaction carrier and at the same time planar optical waveguide, can also be used directly as the optical waveguide.
  • a separate coating of a substrate forming the optical waveguide can be omitted.
  • the solution according to the invention permits real-time measurement and evaluation of biochips or also of other reaction carriers, on the upper side of which is coated with a planar waveguide, reactions of substances in samples are effected by reaction.
  • the invention relates to a method and a device for determining substances, e.g. DNA sequences, in a sample, at the same time as a reaction of the substances to be analyzed contained in the sample with complementary agents on a reaction support, the same is excited for fluorescence by means of the evanescent field of an excitation light and the reaction support on its top side is a planar optical waveguide on which the immobilized complementary agents are located and either the excitation light or the fluorescent light excited by the evanescent field thereof are guided in the planar optical waveguide on the top of the reaction support, the fluorescent light preferably being fed to one of the imaging optics.
  • substances e.g. DNA sequences

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif permettant de déterminer des substances telles que les séquences d'ADN, dans un échantillon. Les substances à analyser et contenues dans l'échantillon réagissent avec des agents complémentaires sur un support réactionnel et simultanément, ce support réactionnel est excité à l'aide du champ évanescent d'une lumière d'excitation pour qu'il émette une lumière fluorescente. Le support réactionnel présente sur sa face supérieure une fibre optique plate sur laquelle se trouvent les agents complémentaires immobilisés. La lumière d'excitation ou bien la lumière fluorescente excitée par le champ évanescent de la lumière d'excitation est guidée dans la fibre optique plate posée sur la face supérieure du support réactionnel. La lumière fluorescente est acheminée par un dispositif optique d'imagerie jusqu'à un détecteur haute résolution.
EP00958361A 1999-10-01 2000-08-02 Procede et dispositif permettant de determiner des substances, comme les sequences d'adn, dans un echantillon Withdrawn EP1218727A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19947316 1999-10-01
DE19947316 1999-10-01
DE19947616 1999-10-04
DE19947616A DE19947616C2 (de) 1999-10-01 1999-10-04 Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Substanzen, wie z.B. DNA-Sequenzen, in einer Probe und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
PCT/EP2000/007482 WO2001025759A1 (fr) 1999-10-01 2000-08-02 Procede et dispositif permettant de determiner des substances, comme les sequences d'adn, dans un echantillon

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1218727A1 true EP1218727A1 (fr) 2002-07-03

Family

ID=26055143

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00958361A Withdrawn EP1218727A1 (fr) 1999-10-01 2000-08-02 Procede et dispositif permettant de determiner des substances, comme les sequences d'adn, dans un echantillon

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1218727A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001025759A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10140399C2 (de) * 2001-08-17 2003-08-07 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Optisches Analyseverfahren und optische Detektoreinrichtung
WO2005059553A1 (fr) * 2003-12-19 2005-06-30 Chengdu Kuachang Medical Industrial Limited Essai biologique par puce a adn et equipement correspondant
AT502549B1 (de) 2005-10-07 2007-06-15 Anagnostics Bioanalysis Gmbh Vorrichtung zur analyse von flüssigen proben
DK2802416T3 (en) 2012-01-09 2016-07-04 Sophion Bioscience As Enhanced cell adhesion in the patch area
CN109085156A (zh) * 2018-08-20 2018-12-25 苏州攀颂生物科技有限公司 基于平面波导技术的高通量生物、化学、环境检测系统和方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE98773T1 (de) * 1989-06-22 1994-01-15 Ars Holding 89 Nv Verfahren zur optischen analyse.
US5677196A (en) * 1993-05-18 1997-10-14 University Of Utah Research Foundation Apparatus and methods for multi-analyte homogeneous fluoro-immunoassays
KR19990014709A (ko) * 1995-05-12 1999-02-25 한스루돌프하우스 센서 플랫폼 및 감쇠 여기된 발광을 이용한 복수 분석물의병렬 검출 방법

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0125759A1 *

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Publication number Publication date
WO2001025759A1 (fr) 2001-04-12

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